Mr. Joy (Thank to Ms. Chornenki) Communications Technology Earl Haig Secondary School

  Also known as the Establishing Shot or Wide Shot

  Shows the whole scene   Frequently productions begin with a

LS

  It sets the stage/scene - the viewer knows where she or he is

  LS works well if there's a lot of action

  LS shows a person from head to toe.

  MS shows less of the scene then LS   The camera seems closer to the

subject (although it may not be if you use your zoom lens)

  MS shows them from about the waist up in a medium shot

  Use MS when you want a closer look at your subject

  Use MS to transition between long shots and close up shots

  It is difficult for the viewer to follow what you are doing if you go straight from a LS to a CU shot

  This shot shows just the head   CU is used to reveal details and

focus the viewer attention   Extra consideration is needed for

the framing of a CU because any camera movement is exaggerated

  ECS is sometimes referred to as XCU

  Closer than to the subject than CU   ECU is just of the person's eyes

  ELS is sometimes referred to as XLS

  ELS shows a large view that includes that subject from a distance

  ELS is relative to what is considered a LS

  OS is commonly used in ENG – Electric News Gathering

  Videographer is literally shooting over the shoulder of the person being interviewed

  Usually a shot of the interviewer listening, nodding, or responding to the interviewee

  CA is usually a CU or XCU that reveals some detail – as the telephone rings during a MS scene the shot changes to a CA of the telephone

  A very useful shot that provides a natural transition in the editing process

  TS a two shot has two people or three people in the frame

  Usually a MS or LS because you need some distance from the people to get them all in the frame

  Your shot angle is the level from which you look at your subject.

  Your shot angle can change the way the viewer responds to the scene – consider the response to someone speaking to you at eye level to that of speaking to you from above.

  The most common used shots is the eye level shot

  It's the most familiar perspective - we usually see things from our own eye level

  Make sure you shoot at their eye-level, not yours

  In this shot the camera looks up at the subject

  Making it seem important, powerful, or perhaps larger than it is to the viewer

  Camera looks down on the subject, decreasing its importance

  The subject looks smaller   It often gives the audience a sense

of power, or the subject a sense of helplessness

  Camera is mounted on a crane or ladder

  This is an extreme angle the point of view from above

  This angle is often used in car chases and in the “happy ever after” fade out

  A reverse angel is determined by the framing of the previous shot

  A reverse is used to shoot two people facing each other cutting from one person to another

  This camera angle shows a specific POV so the audience has the perspective of seeing through someone else’s eyes

  This shot has become very popular in recent years and often shows unique POVs – security cameras, animals, aliens etc…

  A pan shot taken by moving the camera on across a horizontal plane

  Used in action and sports shots   This shot emphasizes action and

physical movement

  The camera moves up or down a vertical plane

  A tilt can be used to shot something that is too big to fit within frame

  This shot emphasizes size and proportion

  The pan and tilt are most effective when combined with the tripod

  These shots can be successfully achieve hand held with practice

  Zoom shots work successfully when the movement is smooth and steady

  Most cameras have external toggles for zoom controls

  A Dolly shot shot moves towards or away from the subject

  The camera is physically moved not changing of the focal length of the lens

  Dolly in moves towards the subject   Dolly out moves away from the

subject

  A Dolly also refers to a camera mount with wheels

  Some dollies move along tracks

  Storyboarding is necessary to achieve this shot

Dolly in

Dolly Out

  The camera physically follows the subject matter left to right or right to left

  Used in walking shots to follow the subject

  The camera is usually on a dolly and in large budget productions has tracks

  This movement is called trucking

  The subject stays stationary in the centre while the camera moves around in an arc left or right

  A continuous arc makes a complete circle around the subject.

  This shot is often used in music videos and romantic scenes

  Rapid pans, tilts, repeated zooms can make your audience feel motion sick

  The standard shot rule is stationary – motion – stationary

  If you edit or cut away in the middle of movement, you may make your viewer disoriented

  The length each shot depends on the scene and what you want to accomplish

  An action shot may last 20 sec   A still shot may only last 3 sec   Your goal is to gain and hold the

audience's attention and understanding

  Basic Video Techniques by Jennifer Shisler, Chris Zimmermann, Ryan Stitt. OISE/ University of Toronto, 2004

  Digital Overdrive by Dale Andrews, Eastwood Production Facilities, Toronto, 2002

  The Hawaii Board of Education: http://www2.hawaii.edu/~ricky/etec/basicshot.html#anchor142105

  The Brain of Ms. Chornenki