mrcsp and regional ccs updates - irp …regional characterization: develop a picture of the...
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MRCSP Annual Meeting, Columbus, Ohio
October 21, 2015
DOE/NETL Cooperative Agreement # DE-FC26-0NT42589
Neeraj Gupta, Ph.D. Senior Research Leader Battelle
MRCSP and Regional CCS Updates
The MRCSP is Assessing Viability of Geologic Carbon Sequestration
Objectives are to advance operational,
monitoring, and modeling techniques
needed to:
Develop and validate reservoir models
useful for commercial scale applications
Address public concerns such as
leakage and long-term storage security
Address other topics such as cost
effectiveness and CCUS practicability
Primary goal: To execute a large-scale scale CO2 injection test to evaluate
best practices and technologies required to implement carbon sequestration
2
Historical Snapshot of MRCSP
3
One of seven DOE-funded regional partnerships to develop infrastructure for
wide-scale CO2 sequestration deployment.
Late-stage EOR reef
Operational EOR reef
Newly targeted reef
4
MRCSP Region – Economic Drivers • Population: 80.4 million (26% of the U.S. population) • Gross Regional Product: $3.1 trillion (27% of the U.S. economy) • 26.3% of all electricity generated in the US • 75% of electricity generated in the region is generated by coal
MI
OH
NY
KY
IN
PA
MD
NJ
WV
MRCSP Area and Field Sites
MRCSP Scope of Work Structured Around Six Tasks
5
Task 1 Regional Characterization: Develop a picture of the region’s geologic
sequestration resource base
Task 2 Outreach: Raise awareness of regional sequestration opportunities and
provide stakeholders with information about CO2 storage
Task 3 Field Laboratory Using Late-Stage EOR Field: Pressurize a depleted oil
field with CO2 injection to test monitoring technologies and demonstrate
storage potential
Task 4 CO2 Storage Potential in Active EOR Fields: Monitor CO2 Injection and
recycling in active EOR operations with different scenarios
Task 5 CO2 Injection in New EOR Field(s): Monitor CO2 injection into an oil field
that has not undergone any CO2 EOR to test monitoring technologies and
demonstrate storage potential
Task 6 Program Management
Late-Stage Reef is the Main Test Bed for MRCSP Large-Scale Injection
Gas
Producing
Zone
Oil
Producing
Zone
6
Monitoring and Accounting for CO2 in a Closed Loop CO2 EOR Cycle
Fluid production
Fluid Injection
Pure CO2
compressed at
Chester 10
Produced and
Recycled CO2
Compositional Analysis
All produced CO2 is recycled back into system.
Regional Characterization – An Integrated Geologic Storage Potential Mapping Collaboration
State geological surveys are:
• Compiling/interpreting data
• Developing common
terminology for formations
across state boundaries
MRCSP's
geology team
• Creating maps
and other tools
MRCSP has Four Overarching Goals for its Outreach Program:
1. Continue to be a neutral and
credible source of scientific
information on CCUS
2. Improve public understanding of
CCUS
3. Support the large-volume CO2
injection test
4. Support other MRCSP research
activities, including regional
geologic characterization projects
Communicating the Results of the Large-Scale Project to a Broad Audience is a Key Focus
Share technical information
and convey key findings
(e.g., CCS works, it’s safe)
Site Visits, Fact Sheets
Conferences and
Meetings
Website
MRCSP also Convenes and Participates in the Outreach Working Group
A group of outreach coordinators working to better understand
and respond to questions about CCS
Message Mapping (Media, Outreach Materials)
Digital Communications
Best Practices Manual
Beyond MRCSP: Recent and Ongoing Projects in the Region
Learning from Subsurface Brine Disposal Framework in the
Northern Appalachian Basin
Geomechanical Framework for Secure CO2 Storage
Evaluating CO2 Storage and EOR Potential in Ohio
Simplified modeling for CO2 geologic sequestration
Assessment of wellbore integrity in CCUS operations
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1.0E-10 1.0E-08 1.0E-06 1.0E-04 1.0E-02 1.0E+00 1.0E+02
pre
ssu
re b
uil
du
p (p
si)
r^2/t (m^2/s)
M2Φ,w - Eq. 21
M2Φ, eff - Eq. 25
STOMP
MBL - Eq. 9
Post-Injection Monitoring at AEP Mountaineer
The Monitoring Program at the AEP PVF Site was a Comprehensive, Integrated Program
The PVF project at the AEP Mountaineer Power Plant
consisted of a 20 MW CO2 Capture and Storage System
CO2 Capture and Injection took place from
October 2009 - May 2011
Injection into two reservoirs, the Rose Run Sandstone
and the Copper Ridge Dolomite
Well network of 2 injection wells and 3 reservoir
monitoring wells
Protection and monitoring
of the USDW
Differential reservoir
pressure monitoring
CO2 plume assessment
through modeling
Well network mechanical
integrity and well condition
maintenance
Monitoring Goals & Requirements
Program Approach Local groundwater
sampling and analysis
Downhole pressure /
temp. data collection
Reservoir pressure
data analysis
Frequent well
observation/ surface &
well maintenance
The AEP PVF Project is Approaching Site Closure based on the Success of the Post-Injection Program
The two CO2 plumes are stable and modeling shows that
they extend approximately 990 to 1050 ft. for the Copper
Ridge formation and approximately 510 to 600 ft. for the
Rose Run formation.
The program at AEP during the post-injection monitoring phase has been successful.
Differential pressure has return to pre-injection or
near pre-injection levels.
Injected CO2 poses no threat to the USDW.
All regulatory and operational program
requirements and goals have been met.
Due to the success of the site care and monitoring
program, three of the wells were plugged in 2014.
Ohio Coal Development Office Support to Evaluate CO2 Storage and EOR Potential in Ohio
20 20
• Detailed geologic exploration and
analysis
• Using well and seismic data from
shale gas activity
3D Geologic Visualization of Oil & Gas Wells in Ohio
Porosity map of the sandy facies showing high porosity
(yellow) in the center
Learning from Subsurface Brine Disposal Framework in the Northern Appalachian Basin
• 2-year project supported by RPSEA, DOE-NETL
• Class 2 brine disposal injection zones in the N. Appalachian
Basin were analyzed based on character, distribution, and
injection potential
• 300+ operational brine disposal wells-historical data
analysis provides useful information on safe operating
ranges (monthly injection rates, pressures)
• Class II brine disposal in the Appalachian Basin increased
from ~5 million barrels/year in early 2000s to ~18 million
barrels/year in 2012
Data from 2008-2012 indicates ~10,000 barrels brine injected per BCF
equivalent gas production. Ultimate lifespan demand may be 700-2,300
million barrels for Marcellus/Utica fields
Catalog of aspects of disposal based on demand, storage capacity, and
well costs
Guidance for developers, gas producers, regulatory agencies, and public
stakeholders
Systematic Assessment of Wellbore Integrity for Geologic Carbon Storage Projects Using Regulatory and Industry Information • 3-year project with DOE-NETL and Ohio Dev. Serv. Agency
• Well status, condition, cement bond logs, and plugging
records used to portray actual well conditions
• Test areas had ~20 to ~1,200 wells in various stages of
activity, plugging & abandonment, and records
• Several practical products developed under this project to
support CO2 storage in the region:
•Sustained casing pressure testing methods,
•Systematic cement bond log analysis procedure,
•Regional database on well integrity indicators for MI and OH,
•Statistical analysis of well integrity indicators,
•Assessment of practical methods and costs to remediate
typical wells in the region based on 6 study areas
Simplified Predictive Models for CO2 Sequestration Performance Assessment
Developed reduced physics based predictive models for injectivity,
average reservoir pressure buildup and CO2 plume extent
Improved proxy modeling workflow using experimental design (Box-
Behnken) and sampling design (Latin Hypercube sampling) schemes
Demonstrated applicability of POD-TPWL (reduced order based
modeling) for CO2 injection into saline aquifers
Reduced physics and statistical models validated
using uncertainty and sensitivity analysis
Successful development of various predictive models for layered saline reservoir-caprock systems that are:
o Simple, work with limited data Site developers, regulators
o Computationally efficient Modelers, risk assessors
Successful publications (2013-2015): 2 journal publications and 9 conference
papers
Methodology applications identified in ongoing and proposed Battelle projects
Geomechanical Framework for Secure CO2 Storage in Fractured Reservoirs and Caprocks for Sedimentary Basins in the Midwest United States Objectives
• Characterize the paleo-stress/strain setting
• Evaluate the potential and effects of
subsurface deformation
• Assess CO2 storage processes based on
rock core tests and geophysical logging in
the regions being considered for large-scale
CO2 storage
Offshore Carbon Storage Resource Assessments Complement Storage Infrastructure Evaluation
Develop preliminary CO2 storage resources in the offshore:
Subsurface depleted oil and gas fields and saline formations in State and Federal waters on the East Coast and Gulf of Mexico
Utilize existing geologic and geophysical data (well logs, records and sample descriptions) from existing or plugged/abandoned wells, seismic data, and existing core samples
The University of Texas at Austin – Offshore CO2 Storage Resource Assessment
of the Northern Gulf of Mexico (Upper Texas –
Western Louisiana Coastal Areas)
Southern States Energy Board – Southeast Offshore Storage Resource
Assessment
Battelle Memorial Institute – Mid-Atlantic U.S. Offshore
Carbon Storage Resource Assessment Project
GeoMechanics Technologies – Assessment of
CO2 Storage Resources in Depleted Oil and Gas
Fields in the Ship Shoal Area, Gulf of Mexico
NITEC, LLC.– Offshore Storage Resource
Assessment (Federal offshore – Gulf of Mexico)
Summary of Recent Progress
• Large-scale Test in Michigan
Completed baseline monitoring and site preparation for multiple reefs
~244,000 tonnes injected in late stage reef
>175,000 tonnes net CO2 in active EOR reefs
Operational and subsurface monitoring underway
Reservoir analysis shows closed reservoir conditions
Phase changes and compressibility affect pressure
Initial geologic and reservoir models prepared
Injection in a second new EOR reef likely to start in late 2015
• Local, regional, national, and global outreach
• Regional mapping/characterization across ten states
• Geologic storage and EOR assessment in Ohio
Synergistic Opportunities
• Knowledge share with Plains CO2 Partnership on
closed reservoirs modeling and monitoring
• Knowledge share with other RCSPs on
monitoring technologies
• Potential for support for DOE SubTER initiatives
• Collaboration with international projects on
modeling and CO2 EOR to Storage transitions
• IEAGHG monitoring network presentations
• Input to DOE Best Practices Manuals
Many CCS Challenges Remain to be Addressed
• Matching global storage capacity with commercial scale injectivity –
balancing large-scale testing with broader geologic exploration
• Effect of seismicity, pressure constraints, and stakeholder issues on
deployment – will we need to discount total capacity
• Validation of monitoring technology across geologic settings –
confidence in current technologies; technology evolution
• Regulatory, financial, stakeholder issues for saline storage field tests
• Re-engaging industrial stakeholders for CCS in saline storage and
EOR settings – low oil/gas prices, policy uncertainties, capture cost
• Sufficient representation in mitigation portfolio
• Development and retention of human capital
Acknowledgements
Battelle’s MRCSP team members from 2003 to present
DOE/NETL for their continued trust in Battelle’s work under MRCSP and other
R&D Projects since 1996
Core Energy, LLC our host site and CO2 supplier for 10 years of collaboration
under MRCSP Phase II and Phase III
The Ohio Coal Development Office has provided critical cofunding for the
regional characterization efforts
MRCSP’s industrial partners and sponsors
The ten State Geology Surveys and Universities have been essential in
expanding the results into regional implementation plans.
Contributions From Partners Have Helped Make MRCSP Successful