7-1 The Early Greeks

Geography

Peninsula- body of land surrounded by 3 bodies of water. (Mediterranean Sea, Aegean Sea, Ionian Sea).

Mountainous area (rocky soil, protection) Traders, Fishers, sailors, and farmers (farming was very difficult)

-wheat, barley, olives, grapes, and grains.

Minoans- Crete (island that was south-east of the Greek mainland). ***Traders

Palace of Knossos

-Artifacts at the palace that revealed all of the riches $$$ of the Minoans.

Jewelry, ivory statues, vases, oil, wine, grains

Collapse of the Minoans: 1450 B.C.

Mycenaean (Central Asia) Greek Kings

Invaded the mainland of GreeceFirst actual Greeks

Min. and Myc. Began to trade with each other.

With trade they started to learn about one another’s cultures.

Myc. Were one of the most powerful people of the Mediterranean.

Collapse of the Myc. Was in 1100 B.C.

1100-750B.C. DARK AGES

Fighting Earthquakes Invasions Less trade=poverty

Dorians – invaded Greece

-iron weapons

-farm tools

Settled in Peloponnesus

Greeks learned the Alphabet from the Phoenicians- 24 letters

The Polis- City- states “independent country”

Acropolis-located on top of a hill.

Safe refuge Religious center Gathering site

Agora- open area, served as a market and a place for people to meet and debate issues.

Developed Citizenship – treated equally, rights and responsibilities

Right to vote native born Hold office free Defend yourself in court own land Own property land owning MEN

Citizens were called HOPLITES (military that fought on foot).

Colonize: After the Dark ages Greeks began to set up colonizesspread culturetrade growsgoods for goods and $

*** Greeks started the mint coins.