ms. mezzetti biology lynn english high school. the word science is derived from a latin verb meaning...
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Scientific Method and Measurement
Ms. MezzettiBiology
Lynn English High School
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Scientific Method
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Scientific MethodThe word science is derived from a Latin verb meaning “to know”.The scientific method is used to solve problems in science and in everyday lifeCan you give an example of how you have used the scientific method?
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Steps of the scientific method1. Make an observation:
Using our 5 senses we make observations
2. Ask questions: Based on an observation we ask questions as to what we would like to know
3. Collect Data: Before we can form a hypothesis, we need to collect some information.
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Scientific Method4. Make a hypothesis:
Using our observations and collected data a hypothesis is usually an “if..then” testable statement of what we think is true
5. Experiment: Used to test the hypothesis and prove it correct or incorrect.
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Experiment
A controlled experiment has a control group which stays the same and an experimental group where one factor is changed-known as the independent variableThe factor that is being measured is known as the dependent variable
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Analyze results
6. Analyze: Do the results/data from the experiment support the hypothesis
Data can be models, graphs or tables. It can be qualitative-color change; quantitative which is numbers
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Drawing conclusions
7. Draw conclusions: Is the hypothesis correct? . If not, you need to go back and revise the hypothesis and experiment again.
8. Communicate results: After many trials with repeated results, it is important to communicate results. There must be many trials before a theory (thought to be true) or law(fact based on repeated experimentation) can be stated.
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Scientific Measurement
Scientists use Systèm International d’Unités (Internal System of Measurements), commonly called SI.This allows scientists to have a universal way to communicate their results
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The Seven Fundamental Base Units
1. Meter (m) – length2. Kilogram (kg) – mass3. Second (s) – time4. Ampere (A) – electric current5. Kelvin (K) – thermodynamic temperature6. Mole (mol) – amount of substance7. Candela (cd) – luminous intensity
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The Metric System
The metric system uses the same prefixes.Common prefixes are:
kilo = 1000 centi = 1/100th milli = 1/1000th
1 meter = 100 centimeters= 1000 millimeters
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Derived Units