msslc specification for remote monitoring & adaptive lighting … · – networked and...

MSSLC Specification for Remote Monitoring & Adaptive Lighting Control

Systems—The Next Step in SSL

Southwest Region WorkshopAugust 25-26, 2011

Laura Stuchinsky, Sustainability Officer, City of San Jose DOTTod Rosinbum, Senior Engineer, City of PortlandMichael Poplawski, Senior Lighting Engineer, PNNL

A starting point…

Utility Installations & Field Test

RFP

CityPolicy/Design

Guide

SW Region Workshop August 25-26, 2011 1

First .. no new recurring costs

1) Wireless

2) Utilize city infrastructure

3) City hosts data


• Installation• Modify operation in

field• Graphical interface• Integrate with existing

database• More reliable than

photocell

Second … easy to use


Utility• Metering accuracy• Data format• Report own energy

consumption

City of San Jose• Minimize energy

consumption

Priorities


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Taking the long view…

• Capable of serving entire City• Forward compatibility

• Creation of MSSLC Controls Task Force


Combining Street Lights with Cycle Tracks and Bio-swales:

Street Lighting Remote Monitoring and Controls:

Luminaire and control system evaluation

Cycle Track

Bio-Swale

Traffic Signal Cabinet Installation

Taking it to the next level …


Central Server and Communications Network

Utilities• Metering Accuracy• Standard Billing Interface – that

can be used among customers• Predictability versus Adaptability

– Stand alone and fixed– Networked and changeable

• Performance, Efficiency, etc. • Safety and Liability• Warranties

City of Portland• Performance – Identify outages,

eliminate day-burners, and asset management

• Efficiency – Minimize energy consumption and maintenance

• Product Longevity – Remote monitoring with fewer site visits due to longer life

• Sustainable Projects – e.g. Street lighting combined with cycle tracks and bio swales

• Evaluations – Energy consumption, light output, and temperature effects

Priorities


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System architecture


Graphic user interface


Taking a lead task force role


• Share experiences with other users• Design a system to utilize the City’s

infrastructure and networks• Promote standardization with Regional

Partners

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Enhancing the SJ Specification

• Submittals – Power requirements, MTBF, rated life, and support documentation

• Warranties – Catastrophic failures• Scalability – System expansion and equipment

improvements• User Access – Secure access in the field as well

as by administrator• Sampling Rates and off-line logging – every 60

minutesSW Region Workshop August 25-26, 2011 11

Enhancing the SJ Specification

• Open Protocols and Interoperability –Desirable features

• Evidence of Claims – e.g. maximum number of lights per gateway

• Data Hosting, Ownership, Management and On-going fees

• Users Guide – Advice on how to modify specs to fit local circumstances


Ongoing challenges/questions

1. Interoperability: standards and layers2. Dimming: light and power3. Power metering: measurement and storage4. Energy consumption: what and how5. Other

– Transient event (surge) immunity– Lifetime (MTTF)– Reliability (MTBF)


• No industry consensus• Existing open protocols

(e.g. NTCIP1213/ELMS) not widely adopted

• Many systems use Zigbeebetween controller and gateway– What level of compliance?– No defined application

layer for streetlights– Can proprietary application

layers be shared?• Gateway to central

management server?

Interoperability


• What does 50% dimmed mean?– control signal– power– measured light– perceived light

• Measured light– light meter reading– Illuminance

• Perceived light– visual interpretation– affected by adaptation,

eye dilation

Dimming control


Source: IESNA Lighting Handbook, 9th Edition

Dimming: light and power

• Dimming means a reduction in …– Light output (municipality)– Power (utility)

• Typically, control system only provides control signal(e.g. 0-10V, DALI)

• Dimming performance is solely dependent on interpretation of control signal by streetlight– Streetlight make/model, driver dependent– Light output and power have different response

• Control manufacturer ability to provide lower light levels, energy savings dependent on integration with streetlight make/model– Compatible streetlight, driver list?


Example: light vs. power


0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

Mea

sure

d Li

ght

Power

Edge 525mA

LEDway 525mA

LEDway 700mA


Example: light vs. control

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Mea

sure

d Li

ght

0-10V Signal

Edge 525mA

LEDway 525mA

LEDway 700mA

What happens here?

What happens here?


Example: power vs. control

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Pow

er

0-10V Signal

Edge 525mA

LEDway 525mA

LEDway 700mA

What happens here?

What happens here?

Example: normalized control


0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

Pow

er

Normalized 0-10V Signal

Edge 525mA

LEDway 525mA

LEDway 700mA

System evolution

How do you handle different streetlight make/models on the same control system?• What are the owner input variables?

– Control signal (only)– Light output– Power

• Can/should the control system use the streetlight power measurement as a feedback signal?

• How is lumen depreciation handled?• Does the owner have to program/edit control signal

setting for each luminaire, and manage them over time?


Two dimming proposals

1. Standardized streetlight relationships– Light output vs. control – Power vs. control– Tolerances: ± 1%, 10%?

2. Control system streetlight profiles– Look up table(s) with interpolation, and/or

feedback loop (power)– Light output and/or power level input– Translation to streetlight specific control signal

output


• Accuracy– What is required? Why?– 0.5% (revenue grade)?– 2.0% (utility grade)?

• Load range– What is required? Why? – Full load down to zero?– Off condition: mechanical

(relay) or electronic?• Temperature range?

– Higher accuracy can be specified over smaller range

– One product for all environments?

• Performance determined by metering IC design

• 2.0% achievable without calibration (in final test)– Over wide load range (3mA to

3A)– Over industrial temp range (-40

to 85C)• Less than 2.0% achievable with

calibration– Added cost for special order– Minimized cost adder if

standard requirement• “Creep threshold”

– Minimum current, under which power is reported as zero

Power metering: measurement


• Sampling period– Nominal (all streetlights): 15

minutes?– Detail look (one streetlight):

30 seconds?– Maintained (in case of system

failure): 1 hour (period) for 2 weeks (duration)

• Metrics– Nominal (all streetlights):

time, status, voltage, current, power factor, control signal

– Maintained (in case of system failure): time, active power, power factor?

• 1 sample/15 minutes x 2 weeks x 6 metrics = 8064 data points/streetlight– X 100 poles = 806,400 data

points– X 10000 poles = 80.6M data

points• Can advanced memory

saving techniques be used?– Data compression– Adaptive sampling rate (e.g.

only transmit/save new measurement data when it varies, according to some criteria, from previous measurement)

Power metering: data


• What?– Gateway AND controller

• How?– Specified .. and measured

(controller)?– Interpreting abnormalities?– Average during “Normal”

operation– Maximum/Transmit– Minimum/Sleep

• Configuration dependencies?– Pole spacing– Gateway density, number of

hops

• Pro: measure both controller and streetlight

• Con: harder to identify root cause of abnormality

• Pro: knowledge of controller and streetlight functionality, streetlight performance

• Con: no knowledge of controller performance

Energy consumption


MSSLC Specification for Remote Monitoring & Adaptive Lighting Control

Systems—The Next Step in SSL

Laura StuchinskySustainability OfficerCity of San Jose DOT

200 E. Santa Clara StreetSan Jose, CA 95113

[email protected]

Tod RosinbumSenior EngineerCity of Portland

1120 SW Fifth AvenuePortland, OR 97204

[email protected]

Michael PoplawskiSenior Lighting Engineer

PNNL

620 SW Fifth Ave Suite 810Portland, OR 97204

[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]�



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