multi-dimensional measures of servant-leaders
DESCRIPTION
Inge NuijtenWorkshop 2TRANSCRIPT
Science of Servant-Leadership and Needs in a Global Perspective
© 2010 Dr. Inge Nuijten
© 2010 Dr. Inge Nuijten
Several questions I hope
you’re able to answer…
-How can we recognize servant-leaders?
-How can research help practice? and VV?
-How can research help students? and VV?
-How can research help education? and VV?
© 2010 Dr. Inge Nuijten
© 2010 Dr. Inge Nuijten
“… When an idea becomes popular I have to let go
and move on to something else. But you’ve held
on to the spirit of servant-leadership, you’ve kept
it vague and indefinable, which I think is a great
strategic advantage. People can come every year
to figure out what the hell this is. And by not
answering, they’re forced to come next year…”
Peter Block (ISLC, 2005)
© 2010 Dr. Inge Nuijten
Servant-leadership theory
“Organizational goals will be achieved on a long
term basis only by first facilitating the growth,
development, and general well-being of the
individuals who comprise the organization”
Stone, Russell, & Patterson (2004)
© 2010 Dr. Inge Nuijten
“The servant leader is servant first. It begins with the natural feeling that one wants to serve. Then conscious choice brings one to aspire to lead.
The difference manifests itself in the care taken by the servant-first to make sure other people’s highest-priority needs are being served.
The best test is this: Do those served grow as persons;
do they, while being served, become healthier, wiser, freer, more autonomous, more likely themselves to become servants?”
(Greenleaf, 1970)
© 2010 Dr. Inge Nuijten
Can we define/find key denominators?
What is really important?
What is servant-leadership?
© 2010 Dr. Inge Nuijten
The ‘basic psychological needs’
(Ryan & Deci, 2004):
Autonomie
Binding
Competentie
The best test is…
© 2010 Dr. Inge Nuijten
Self-determination theory
Investigating people’s inherent
growth tendencies and innate
psychological needs that are the basis
of their self-motivation, personality
integration, and personal well-being
(Ryan & Deci, 2000).
© 2010 Dr. Inge Nuijten
Self-determination theory
The basic psychological needs have been related to, i.e.:
- self-esteem, creativity, conceptual learning, and
achievement (Ilies, Morgeson, & Nahrgan, 2005);
- engagement, productivity, and wellness (Ryan & Deci,
2006).
Another universal ‘need’
TRUST
© 2010 Dr. Inge Nuijten
“It is almost impossible to deliver good
performance without trust, because if trust
is gone passion is replaced by fear”
The Role of Trust
Trust is important for different organizational
outcomes: satisfaction, commitment, turnover
intentions, performance (Dirks & Ferrin, 2002).
© 2010 Dr. Inge Nuijten
Leader’s support for self-determination has been linked to
trust (Deci, Connell, & Ryan, 1989).
© 2010 Dr. Inge Nuijten
Interesting to study…
Servant-Leadership
Trust Basic psychological
needs
But…
What is servant-leadership?
© 2010 Dr. Inge Nuijten
© 2010 Dr. Inge Nuijten
Larry Spears
Ten characteristics of servant leadership
1. Listening
2. Empathy
3. Healing
4. Awareness
5. Persuasion
6. Conceptualization
7. Foresight
8. Stewardship
9. Commitment to the growth of people
10. Building community
Available theory and measures…
• Graham, 1990
• Laub, 1999
• Page & Wong, 2000
• Russell & Stone, 2002
• Patterson, 2003
• Ehrhart, 2004
• Dennis & Bocarnea, 2005
• Barbuto & Wheeler, 2006
© 2010 Dr. Inge Nuijten
© 2010 Dr. Inge Nuijten
Empowerment
Empowerment : a motivational concept focused
on enabling people (Conger, 2000),
Showing confidence in the follower’s integrity,
ability and motivation, and attending to the
follower’s feelings and needs (Bass, 2000).
Humility
Humility is the ability to look at one’s own
accomplishments and talents in their proper
perspective (Patterson, 2003).
Rowatt et al. (2006) characterize humility as:
down-to-earth and intellectually open,
respectful, willing to admit imperfections, and a
lack of self-focus or self-serving biases.
© 2010 Dr. Inge Nuijten
© 2010 Dr. Inge Nuijten
Interesting to study…
Servant-
LeadershipTrust Basic psychological
needs
© 2010 Dr. Inge Nuijten
Interesting to study…
Humility
Trust
Empowerment
Competence
Relatedness
Autonomy
© 2010 Dr. Inge Nuijten
Results Study 1
© 2010 Dr. Inge Nuijten
Results Study 2
Note. The hypothesized paths are all significant p < .011
Performance?
© 2010 Dr. Inge Nuijten
2 December 2009: Toro Announces
20 Percent Increase in
Regular Quarterly Dividend
Servant-Leadership
Hypothesis
Performance
© 2010 Dr. Inge Nuijten
Results Study 3
F(2, 140) = 3.77,
p= .03, ηp2 = .05
© 2010 Dr. Inge Nuijten
But what is
servant-leadership?
© 2010 Dr. Inge Nuijten
Empowerment
Humility
© 2010 Dr. Inge Nuijten
Accountability
© 2010 Dr. Inge Nuijten
Stewardship
© 2010 Dr. Inge Nuijten
Standing back
"Van een schouderklopje heeft nog nooit iemand
een blessure opgelopen!" _ Foppe de Haan
© 2010 Dr. Inge Nuijten
Authenticity
© 2010 Dr. Inge Nuijten
Forgiveness
Courage
© 2010 Ed Voerman & Dr. Inge Nuijten © 2010 Dr. Inge Nuijten
© 2010 Dr. Inge Nuijten
“A servant-leader has moral
character, the wisdom to foresee
what’s needed, the ability meet
the needs of others and the
courage to act on that.”
© 2010 Dr. Inge Nuijten
Several questions to discuss
-How can we share our knowledge worldwide?
-How can we improve research? (needs?)
-How can we improve education? (needs?)
-How can we best help society? (needs?)
-How can we best help future generations?
Dank u Dank u welwel!!
AlsAls u (u (onderzoeks)vragenonderzoeks)vragen heeftheeft::
www.ingenuijten.nlwww.ingenuijten.nl
EE--mail: mail: [email protected]@gmail.com
© 2010 Dr. Inge Nuijten