Multi-functional exotic bioactive

protein to defend & restore skin

from photo-aging

• The concept of aging goes beyond chronology

• Intrinsic and extrinsic factors e.g. genetics and lifestyle have a strong influence on aging

• UV exposure or photo-damage profoundly affects the aging process

• Symptoms of photo-aging are visible long before signs of chronological aging

• UV radiation directly alters DNA and can induce lesions as well as single and double strand breaks

Aging Redefined

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• DNA serves as the instruction manual for the development & function of all living organisms

• It consists of two strands (polynucleotides) that are composed of smaller nucleotide units.

• Each nucleotide contains a sugar group (deoxyribose), a phosphate group and a nucleobase (base) which are linked together covalently

• 4 bases join strands together via 4 bases:

– Adenine (A) always pairs with Thymine (T)

– Guanine (G) always pairs with Cytosine (C)

• The strands are then wound into a helical structure

A Refresher on DNA

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• Form on single strands of DNA and includes thymine dimers

• Lesions are the most cytotoxic and typically occur between adjacent pyrimidine bases

• Although only a fraction of dimers results in mutation, all are capable of blocking gene transcription and DNA replication which leads to cellular senescence

DNA Lesions

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• Both strands in the double helix are severed

• Among the types of damage that occur, DSBs are considered to be the most dangerous since they can lead to a loss of genetic information

• When DSBs occur H2AX histones are phosphorylated as a means to signal damage

• This is the first step in DNA repair & induces the expression of p53

Double Strand Breaks

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• p53 is a nuclear protein that regulates cell division & plays a crucial role in cellular response to damage

• It prevents mutations by binding to DNA to induce senescence and activate repair or initiate apoptosis (cell death) to prevent mutated or damaged DNA from dividing

• In healthy cells, it is present at very low levels yet after damage there is a significant increase in the expression of this protein

• p53 levels return to normal as cellular health is restored

The Guardian of the Genome

DNA

Damage

p53

Apoptosis

Death & elimination

of damaged cell

Cell Cycle Arrest

DNA Repair

Cell Cycle Restart

Cellular & Genetic Stability

• Cellular cohesion is disrupted by abnormally shaped & sized keratinocytes

• Stratum corneum & basement membrane thicken along with increases in melanocyte proliferation & melanogenesis

• Dermal changes include decreases in collagen synthesis, increases in MMPs & altered elastin deposits

Response To Chronic Damage

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UV radiation accelerates the pace of aging Prolonged exposure causes:

– Wrinkles & fine lines

– Sagging skin

– Rough, leathery texture

– Dark spots & discolorations

– Broken capillaries

What Does This Mean?

Image Source: Huffpost.com

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• Defense mechanisms include UV absorbing pigments (melanin), protective enzymes and oxidative scavengers

• The DNA repair process is highly conserved to address specific damage,

• Mechanisms are not always sufficient for repair & prevention is typically considered the best course of action

Our Natural Defense for UV Radiation

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Introducing Baobab

Tein NPNF™

Baobab – The Iconic Tree of Africa

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Latin name: Adansonia digitata

• Other common names: Tree of Life, Upside-down tree, Lemonade tree, Monkey-bread tree

• Baobab is the largest succulent plant in the world

• Most renown for affording protection and water:

• The tree thrives into old age and often lives more than 2,000 years

• In African folklore, Baobab is steeped in mystique and legend:

– Water infused with Baobab seeds gives strength and good health

– Baobab seeds are carried to a new homestead to bring it good fortunes

• Our Partner in Trade:

– A local business providing baobab to food and cosmetic industries in Africa and US

• Community Benefits:

– Sourced directly from local communities that live in harvest areas

– Harvest areas are purposefully chosen to be in the underdeveloped areas to bring much needed economic opportunity to local families

• Sustainable Harvesting:

– Collected to avoid damage to trees

– Annual baobab planting program

– Research & monitoring program ensures health of baobab trees in harvest areas

– Educational programs and websites about baobab and their eco-system

– Our partner is dedicated to promoting the responsible and sustainable development of African businesses offering natural products

Baobab – Community Benefits & Sustainability

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Bioactive Protein with Multi-Functional Benefits

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• From UV stress by limiting cellular photo-aging

DEFEND

• Skin vitality by significantly reducing DNA damage following UV exposure

RESTORE

• Healthy, supple skin with nourishing amino acids

MAINTAIN

Baobab Tein NPNF™ Amino Acid composition

Amino Acids Maintain Defend Restore

Arginine X X X Alanine X Aspartic Acid X Cysteine X X Glutamic Acid X X Glycine X X Histidine X Leucine X Lysine X Methionine X X X Phenylalanine X X Proline X X X Serine X

Maintain 38%

Defend 24%

Restore 38%

Baobab Tein NPNF™ contains amino acids that help defend, restore & maintain skin health

Benefits Testing

Defend

Pre-treatment significantly

decreases cellular photo-damage

Improves barrier function to

protect & lock-in moisture

Provides antioxidant protection

Restore

Post-treatment significantly

reduces cellular photo-aging

Speeds damage recovery

Enhances cellular vitality

Maintain

Supports viability of normal,

healthy cells

Beneficial amino acids support

health

Helps skin to retain moisture

Summary of Benefits Tested

• DNA microarray data* shows Baobab Tein NPNF™ up regulates expression of genes involved in DNA repair including the p53 & histone H2AX

• Works to support skin’s natural response to damage

Baobab Tein NPNF™ - Gene Expression

*0.1% Baobab Tein NPNF™ was used to treat fibroblast cells for 24 hours before the study

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DEFEND

Study 1: Photo-Damage

Study 2: DNA Double Strand Breaks

Study 3: Enhance Barrier Function

Study 4: Antioxidant Protection

Defend – Testing Performed

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Pre-treatment with Baobab Tein NPNF™ significantly limits damage that causes cell senescence & photo-aging

Study 1: Defend – Photo-Damage

Non-UV Exposed

0.25% Baobab Tein NPNF™ Treatment

UV-Exposed No Treatment Fibroblasts were treated with test materials and then exposed to UV

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Pre-treatment with 0.25% Baobab Tein NPNF™ helped significantly prevent H2AX phosphorylation which is indicative of double strand breaks

Study 2: Defend – DNA Double Strand Breaks

Non-UV Exposed

0.25% Baobab Tein NPNF™ Treatment

UV-Exposed No Treatment Fibroblasts were treated with test materials and then exposed to UV

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• Baobab Tein NPNF™ improves the integrity of the stratum corneum

• Significantly increases barrier function to lock in moisture

• The defensive barrier acts as a shield to protect the skin from foreign substances

Study 3: Defend – Enhance Barrier Function

Baobab Tein NPNF™ helps minimize TEWL to enhance skin’s natural barrier & lock in moisture

6 female subjects (ages 22 – 59) applied creams twice daily for 14 days

• Baobab Tein NPNF™ delivers a dose-dependent antioxidant capacity

• 1.0% Baobab Tein NPF is equivalent to 181 μM of Trolox

Study 4: Defend – Antioxidant Protection

Baobab Tein NPNF™ exhibits antioxidant activity to help shield from ROS damage

RESTORE

Study 5: Photo-Aging

Study 6: DNA Double Strand Breaks

Study 7: Cellular Health After Damage

Study 8: Repair of DNA Lesions

Restore – Testing Performed

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After treatment, Baobab Tein NPNF™ significantly limited cell senescence to restore health & reduce photo-aging

Study 5: Restore – Photo-Aging

Non-UV Exposed

0.25% Baobab Tein NPNF™ Treatment

UV-Exposed No Treatment Fibroblasts were exposed to UV and then treated with test materials

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Baobab Tein NPNF™ helped significantly repair damage after UV by limiting H2AX phosphorylation to improve DNA integrity and optimize cellular health

Study 6: Restore – DNA Double Strand Breaks

Non-UV Exposed

0.25% Baobab Tein NPNF™ Treatment

UV-Exposed No Treatment Fibroblasts were exposed to UV and then treated with test materials

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Study 7: Restore – Cellular Health After Damage

Baobab Tein NPNF™ shown to help restore cellular health following UV damage

• p53 levels in healthy, non-UV exposed cells is much better than untreated, UV exposed cells

• Baobab Tein NPNF™ significantly improved p53 levels compared to untreated cells

• Data indicates Baobab Tein NPNF speeds damage recovery

Keratinocytes were exposed to UV and then treated with test materials

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Study 8: Restore – Repair of DNA Lesions

Baobab Tein NPNF shown to support integrity of DNA following UV induced damage

• Baobab Tein NPNF™ shown to significantly reduce thymine-dimer formation to help repair DNA damage

• Coupled with the p53 data, this indicates Baobab Tein NPNF™ helps counteract photo-damage that can contribute to aging

Keratinocytes were exposed to UV and then treated with test materials

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MAINTAIN

Study 9: Improves Viability for Better Health

Study 10: Improves Moisturization

Maintain – Testing Performed

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• Baobab Tein NPNF™ significantly increased viability of healthy keratinocytes & fibroblasts

Study 9: Maintain – Improves Cellular Health & Proliferation

Baobab Tein NPNF™ improves vitality to help maintain skin health

Cells were either treated with Baobab Tein NPNF™ or left untreated

• Baobab Tein NPNF™ improves skin integrity to significantly improve moisturization

• Moisturization is a reflection of skin health

Study 10: Maintain – Improves Moisturization

Baobab Tein NPNF™ helps maintain skin health & provides continued moisturization

8 female subjects (ages 22 – 59) applied creams twice daily for 14 days

Baobab Tein NPNF™ Summary

INCI: Hydrolyzed Adansonia Digitata Seed Extract

Suggested Applications: Leave-on products: • Night & Day Creams • Day Creams & Lotions with

SPF • BB & CC Creams • Toners • Serums • Body Lotions • Sunscreens & After-Sun

Products

Suggested Use Level: 2 – 5 %

Multifunctional protein provides 3-in-1 benefits to target photo-aging:

• Defends from UV stress by limiting cellular photo-aging

• Restores skin vitality by significantly reducing DNA damage following UV exposure

• Maintains healthy, supple skin with nourishing amino acids

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Thank You!

Elzbieta Kasprzyk

Elzbieta.Kasprzyk@tri-k.com

www.tri-k.com

info@tri-k.com

Visit us at Booth # 6F60