18

Nonconventional Technologies Review 2014Romanian Association of Nonconventional Technologies Romania, June, 2014

MULTIFUNCTIONAL STAND FOR EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH OF RAILWAY VEHICLE’S COMPONENTS TROUGH CONVENTIONAL AND

NONCONVENTIONAL METHODS

Mihaiela, HERMAN1, Gabriel-Vasile URSU-NEAMŢ2, Richard, HERMAN3 1Politehnica University Timișoara, mihaela.herman@upt.ro

2Politehnica University Timișoara gabriel.ursu-neamt@upt.ro 3Politehnica University Timișoara, richard.herman@upt.ro

ABSTRACT: Transport’s development is about following all the aspects which generate optimal quality characteristics for technological processes of transport the fundamental role being rail safety. For this purpose all human and material components of the process must respect the norms, the normative of the domain to assure the constructive and functional specific parameters. Their verification is made by very well established controls in static or dynamic regime using conventional and nonconventional methods. To study the components of railway vehicles by students and professors of specialization Vehicles for railway transport this study do an analysis about the possibility of a multifunctional laboratory of nondestructive and visual control (conventional and nonconventional). KEY WORDS:conventional and nonconventional methods, nonconventional control procedures, non-destructive control

1. GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS 1.1 Railway safety, a primordial require of railway

transport The period we cross require the alignment of all material and human components which lead to technological processes of transport and European norms to realize: Durable development and durable transport; Framing the requirements of European Union regarding the structure and functionality of transport systems; The achievement of interoperability of transport networks at continental and worldwide level. For this we pay attention to unconventional energetic less pollutant resources, to constructive materials and solutions which establish the safety and security of transport. The primordial requirement of transport in general and railway transport in particular is to assure all the conditions of safety, possible only through the structural and functional integrity of rail product. Losing in quality lead to less safety and security of transport, and this is why we need to study railway vehicles: The study of constructive and components characteristics, landmarks, parts:

Structural characteristics of material; Resistance to specific tests; Non-destructive control etc.

The study of functional characteristics by following parts behaviour and parts of railway vehicles when move; The improvement of constructive technologies, in technological process of construction and reparation with the goal to improve economical and technical performances. 1.2 General considerations regarding verify

methods for effects of demands at railway vehicles

At railway vehicles we need many tips of verify: In process of construction of landmarks, parts; In exploitation:

Periodic controls; Occasional control when we suspect a

possible problem at a specific element. The time between periodic controls is specified by the legislation. The verify can be done In specific laboratories:

Private laboratories; Laboratories of constructive companies for

railway vehicles components; Laboratories of maintenance and reparation

units for railway vehicles; Didactic laboratories, specific area.

Outdoor with specific equipment. According to the way control is done verify can be: Trough visual control (outdoor or didactic lab); Non-destructive control (outdoor with portable equipment, in labs or assembling units); Trough destructive control.

19

2. MULTIFUNCTIONAL STAND 2.1 The premises to accomplish a multifunctional

stand specialized in study of railway vehicles components.

A good base in domain of railway vehicles (rolling stock) supposes collaboration in didactic activities, theory and practice. This offer students the possibility of knowing the complexity of technological process of railway transport and its components. To have the best applicative activities we need a material base dedicated to this purpose. That means

experimental stands at high level of technology including performance equipment for stoking and processing the experimental dates.

We propose a multifunctional stand for experimental research of railway vehicles components through conventional and nonconventional methods and processes (Figure 1). This is dedicated to didactic activities needs, to be a solid material base for research and to offer the possibility to respond o railway companies’ needs.

Figure 1. Multifunctional stand specialized in the study of railway vehicles components

2.2 The structure of multifunctional stand

Multifunctional stand is conceived like a mobile structure (Figure 2) having following destinations:

Experimental research with a didactic purpose of railway vehicles components (highlights, parts, assembly) from stand;

Experimental research of machines, installations, aggregates from didactic and research laboratories;

Experimental research of railway vehicles from partners.

The structure of the stand has:

Support for positioning the assembly of wheel set;

Support (closet, rack) for highlights/ parts that needs research;

Support (closet) for research equipment;

Two tables for research materials and materials used for research.

2.3. Equipment

Stands implementation means some new acquisition: Spider 8 - data acquisition system;

Debbie Tensometer - a device to measure internal tension in material;

Ultrasonic control device; MiniProf Wheel and rail - stand for wheels geometry and rolling stock analysis. Laptop with Windows 8 or 8.1 Pro and soft:

MathCad; Autodesk Autocad;

Autodesk Inventor; Nastran;

Microsoft Office 2013. Video projector.

20

Figure 2. Structure of multifunctional stand

3. DIRECTIONS OF STUDY AND RESEARCH

Most part of hours dedicated to Vehicles for Railway Transport specialization are spent on specific sectors of CFR units and in manufacture units based on traditional collaboration. These units offer the possibility of research with the goal of solving some common problems or for fundamental research, complementary to didactic one. The arrangement of a multifunctional stand in the structure we propose with the possibility of complete and expansion of research have some directions:

The applications with students will be made in our areas, reducing the travels to CFR or manufacturers.

The diversity of applicative themes;

Using high tech equipment;

Possibilities of self-development through new techniques;

Researches that can be made by students;

The possibility of projects having the materials needed for that;

The prerequisites required to support collaboration and expert analysis, refused until now;

Promoting specialization through advanced levels of the material etc. Figures 3÷6 high light sun conventional research methods conducted/monitored units mentioned above; future research can be performed either in the laboratory or the equipment supplied to the different beneficiaries.

Figure 3.Ultrasonic control equipment – CFR (photo G. Ursu - Neamt)

Multifunctional laboratory area

Mounted axle support

Res

earc

h eq

uipm

ent s

uppo

rt

Su

ppor

t of

hig

hlig

hts /

par

ts to

res

earc

h

Stud

y ta

ble

Stud

y ta

ble

21

a) Axle (photo I. Klepa) b) Wheel (photo Z. Sutto)

Figure 4. Ultrasonic control

Figure 5.Control with penetrant fluids at the assembly by welding components of railcar (photo M. Herman)

Figure 6. Control with penetrant fluids at the assembly by welding components of passenger wagon (photo M. Herman)

22

4. CONCLUSIONS The diversity of work that can be performed by setting the multifunctional stand with mobile devices provides the opportunities for complex research in teaching purposes. Also research teams can be made whose work is directed to contracts that would allow collective in come supplement to ensure the development of the material and expansion/ diversification research directions and collaborations. Primordial would be the possibility to pursue studies/research in collaboration with railway companies to align all facets of their work to the provisions of Community rules on railway interoperability and ensuring sustainable transport.

5. REFERENCES 1. Dungan M.C., Mocuţa Georgeta Emilia,

Locomotive şi vagoane, Editura EUROBIT, Timişoara, 2000

2. Ion Copaci, Încercări experimentale pentru vehicule feroviare, Editura Universităţii Aurel Vlaicu, Arad 1998

3. Voicu Ionel Safta, Voicu Ioan Safta, Defectoscopie nedistructivă industrială, Editura Sudura, Timişoara 2001

4. Voicu Ionel Safta, Voicu Ioan Safta, Încercările tehnologice şi de rezistenţă ale îmbinărilor sudate sau lipite, Editura Sudura, Timişoara 2006

5. ***, Instrucțiuni pentru controlul ultrasonic în exploatare al osiilor montate ale locomotivelor 060 DA de 2100 CP, Centrul de documentare și publicații tehnice, București, România, (1969)

6. ***, Instrucțiuni pentru controlul ultrasonic în exploatare al osiilor montate ale locomotivelor electrice de 7350 CP, Institutul de cercetări ți proiectări tehnologice în transporturi, București, România, (1971)

7. ***, Instrucțiuni pentru controlul ultrasonic în exploatare al osiilor montate ale locomotivelor diesel-hidraulice pentru cale cu ecartament normal, Institutul de studii și cercetări transporturi, București, România, (1973)

8. ***, Metodologie pentru controlul ultrasonic în exploatare al osiilor montate găurite longitudinal ce echipează automotorul DESIRO tip VT642, Autoritatea feroviară română, București, România, (2005)