1. Applying the Multimedia Principle
Presented by
Shirley Bugosh & Jared Rodgers

2. Applying the Multimedia Principle
Recommended Reading for this lesson
Clark, R., & Mayer, R., (2008). e-Learning and the Science of Instruction: Proven
Guidelines for Consumers and Designers of Multimedia Learning (2nd ed., pp 53-75).San Francisco, CA: Pfeiffer

Clark, R. (2002). Six Principles of Effective e-Learning: What Works and Why. The eLearning Developers Journal. Located at: http://www.elearningguild.com
3. Based on Cognitive Theory and Research Evidence
Recommendations are -e-learning courses include words and graphics, rather than words alone.
Clark, R., & Mayer, R., (2008). e-Learning and the Science of Instruction: Proven Guidelines for Consumers and Designers of Multimedia Learning (Second Ed.). ISBN: 978-0-7879-8683-4
4. Multimedia Presentations includes bothWords and Graphics
Animation file:retreived from: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uZUCZn0xnYE
5. Not all kinds of graphics are equal consider several possible FUNCTIONS . . .
Decorative
Representational
Organizational
Relational
Transformational
Interpretative
Image Resource: http://www.dreamstime.com/decorative-vines-web-site-logo-imagefree3131340
6. Not all kinds of graphics are equal consider several possible FUNCTIONS . . .
Decorative
Representational
Organizational
Relational
Transformational
Interpretative
Image Resource: FORBUS K., USHER J., TOMAI E.: Analogical learning of visual/conceptual relationships in sketches. In Proceedings of
AAAI-05 (2005).Retrieved from: www.qrg.northwestern.edu/papers/Files/AAAI05ForbusK.pdf
7. Not all kinds of graphics are equal consider several possible FUNCTIONS . . .
Decorative
Representational
Organizational
Relational
Transformational
Interpretative
Image Resource: http://www.wcpss.net/school_to_career/stc_council/index.html
8. Not all kinds of graphics are equal consider several possible FUNCTIONS . . .
Decorative
Representational
Organizational
Relational
Transformational
Interpretative
Image Resource: http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3059/3251571301_4f2aea7a13.jpg
9. Not all kinds of graphics are equal consider several possible FUNCTIONS . . .
Decorative
Representational
Organizational
Relational
Transformational
Interpretative
Image Resource: http://hetv.org/resources/childgrowth/index.html
10. Not all kinds of graphics are equal consider several possible FUNCTIONS . . .
Decorative
Representational
Organizational
Relational
Transformational
Interpretative
11. Graphics can be used to teachvarious types of CONTENT
Facts
Concepts
Process
Procedure
Principle
Image Resource: http://www.nestle.ca/en/articles/Health_Wellness/Tools/nutrition_facts_table.htm
12. Graphics can be used to teachvarious types of CONTENT
Facts
Concepts
Process
Procedure
Principle
Image Resource:http://urbanverse.posterous.com/living-large-and-small-trading-hummers-for-pu
13. Graphics can be used to teachvarious types of CONTENT
Facts
Concepts
Process
Procedure
Principle
Image Resource: http://perc.mspinnyc.org/
14. Graphics can be used to teachvarious types of CONTENT
Facts
Concepts
Process
Procedure
Principle
Image Resource: The Endangered Species Act of 1973. Decision-making Flowchart. Retrieved from:
http://walter.arizona.edu/society/policy/esa/ESA2.asp
15. Graphics can be used to teachvarious types of CONTENT
Facts
Concepts
Process
Procedure
Principle
16. More ways to promote learning
Topic Organizer
Lesson Interface
Show Relationships
http://bit.ly/h98ckJ
17. The Multimedia Principle
Recommendations are -e-learning courses include words and graphics, rather than words alone.
Evidence
18. The Multimedia Principle
Recommendations are -e-learning courses include words and graphics, rather than words alone.

Works best with Novices rather than experts Experts

19. Use words and graphics to present instructional content 20. Graphics should be relevant to the instructional purpose