multiple alleles
DESCRIPTION
Multiple Alleles. Blood Types. A, B, O Blood Type System. Multiple alleles – more than two alleles control a trait Example – Human Blood Types. A, B, O System Alleles are either A, B, or O Blood types can be A, B, AB, or O - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
MULTIPLE ALLELESBlood Types
A, B, O BLOOD TYPE SYSTEM
Multiple alleles – more than two alleles control a trait
Example – Human Blood Types
A, B, O System Alleles are either A,
B, or O Blood types can be
A, B, AB, or O
Blood type is determined by the type of antigen present on the surface of the red blood cell
ANTIGENS AND ANTIBODIES
Antigens – stimulates an immune response when a foreign substance enters the body
Antigens produce antibodies
Antibodies are like “soldiers,” they destroy foreign substances
BLOOD TYPES
DONORS AND RECIPIENTS
Which blood type(s) can A, B, AB, and O receive?
Which blood type(s) can A, B, AB, and O donate to?
Blood Type Can get blood from…
Can donate to…
A O, A A, AB
B O, B B, AB
*ABUniversal recipient
A, B, AB, O AB
*OUniversal donor
O A, B, AB, O
MOST/LEAST COMMON BLOOD TYPE
Most Common Blood typeOAB
ABLeast Common Blood type
RH SYSTEM
Rh is an antigen that is sometimes present on the surface of red blood cells 85% of the United States population is Rh
positive (Rh+). This means that they carry the Rh antigen
People who do not have the Rh antigen are called Rh negative (Rh-)
Called the Rh factor Named after the rhesus monkey in which it was
first discovered Rh+ is dominant over Rh-
People who are Rh- CANNOT receive blood from a person who is Rh+! If an Rh- person receives a transfusion that is
Rh+ the Rh- person will make antibodies against the Rh+
blood The antibodies will react with the antigens of the Rh+
blood and the two blood types will clump
This clumping is called AGGLUTINATION
RH AND PREGNANCY If mom is Rh- and dad is
Rh+ = baby will be Rh+
During delivery baby’s blood may get into mom’s bloodstream and she will make antibodies against the Rh+ blood
If she gets pregnant again her antibodies against Rh+ blood can cross her placenta and attack baby #2 Rh+ blood
PRACTICE- COPY IN YOUR NOTES =)
If one parent has type O blood and the other parent has type AB, what are the possible blood types the offspring could have?
O O
A
B
A O A O
B O
B O
If both parents are rH+ , is it possible to have a child that is rH- ???
If both parents are type AB, what are the possible blood types of the offspring?
If one parent is type A and the other parent is type AB, what is the chance of having a child with AB?
If one parent is type A and the other parent is type B is it possible for them to have an AB child?
If one parent is A and the other parent is B, is it possible for them to have a child with type O?
If one parent is type A and rH+ and the other parent is B and rH+ is it possible to have a child that is type AB and rh- ? Hint, do your Punnett squares separately!
If one parent is type AB and rH+ and the other parent is AB and rH+, what is the chance of having a child that is type B and rH-?
Hint, both parents are heterozygous for rH factor.