multiple choise physics for middle school

8/9/2019 Multiple Choise Physics for Middle School

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IoanIoan

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Content

I. Mechanical Phenomena

I. 1. Motion and rest ............................................... .... 4I. 2. Inertia, mass, density ........................................................ 7

I.3. Interaction - a general property of bodies .... 12

I.4. Types of forces - elastic force, friction,

weight ...................................... ...................... ......... . 13

I.5. Mechanical equilibrium of bodies .......................... .20

I.6. Mechanical work and mechanical energy ..................... ..27

II. Thermal Phenomena

II.1.Starea heating. Thermal contact. Heat

balance ................................................ ............................. 36

II. 2. Heat. Calorimetry ............................................ ..40

II.3. Motor fuels and heating ............................. 44

II. 4. Changing the state of .............................. ...48

III. Electrical phenomena

III.1. Static bodies .......................................... ... 53

III.2. Electricity The electrical circuit. ........................ 57III.3. Energy and power of simple circuit .................... . 70

III.4. Kirchhoffs theorems ........................................ 72

IV. Magnetic phenomena

IV. 1. Types of magnets and magnetic interactions .......... 76

IV. 2. Force and electromagnetic induction ...................... 77

V. Fluid Mechanics

V.1. Types of pressure ............................................... 79

V. 2. The fundamental principle of hydrostatics ................... 83V. 3. Pascals Law and Archimedes law ................ 84

VI. Optical phenomena

VI.1. Light sources. Propagation of light ................... 87

VI.2.Reflexia and refraction of light .................................... 89

VI.3.Lentile ............................................. ..................... 92

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VI.4. Eye ................................................. ................ 94

VI.5. Ochelarii.Wolf ................................................. .. 96

Responses ................................................. ................ 100Bibliography ................................................. .............. 103

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Ioana Stanciu

Multiple choise physics formiddle school

2010

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Cover: Ioana StanciuProofreading: Ioana StanciuTyping: Ioana StanciuTranslation: Ioana Stanciu

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I. Mechanical phenomena

I.1. Motion and rest

A body is at rest when, in a time body occupies the sameposition on the reference body.

A body is in motion if, in a time some body positionsdifferent from the reference body.Furniture is a point which is the body.The trajectory is the curve described by a moving mobile.Duration of movement is the time in which the movementof furniture.Distance traveled is the length of the way through the body.

Average speed is defined the relation:

v = d/t

Where d is the distance traveled and t time in which thedistance traveled d. The unit for speed in the SI is:

[v]SI =m/s

Uniform rectilinear motion is the movement of the mobilemoves in a straight path with constant speed.Reciprocate the mobile movement range is moving on astraight path with variable speed.

1. Find the correct statement:a) a body is at rest if the body occupies the same position

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on the reference;b) a body is at rest if the body is moving towards the

reference;c) a body is at rest if at any time positions different fromthe reference body.d) a body is at rest if the body changes its positiontowards the reference.

2. Which of the following is correct:a) a body is in motion if the same position to thereference body;b) a body is in motion if the same position in a period;c) a body is in motion if the different positions of thereference body;d) a body is in motion if its position does not change overa period of time.

3. Find the correct statement:a) trajectory is the curve described by a cell at rest;b) trajectory is the curve described by a mobile in motion;

c) the trajectory of motion of a mobile phone is idle curve;

d) no response is correct

4. The distance traveled by a cell which departs from thebenchmark is calculated by the relationship:a) d = x1 x1;b) d = x2 x2 ;c) d = x2 x1 x1;d) d = x2 x1.

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5.The distance traveled by a mobile approach thebenchmark is calculated by the relationship:

a) d = x1 x2;b) d = x2 x2 ;c) d = x2 x1 x1;d) d = x2 x1.

6.Relationship definition of average speed is:a) v = t/d;

b) v = t2 t1/x2 x1;c) v = t1/x1;d) v = d/t.

7. Find the correct statement:a) speed of movement is the relationship between theduration of movement and body movement;b) movement speed is a scalar;

c) movement velocity is the ratio of body movement andduring movement;d) no response is correct.

8. The unit of speed is:a) s2;b) m/s2;

c) m

2

;d) m/s

9. Which of the following is correct:a) uniform rectilinear motion is the movement of themobile moves in a straight path with constant speed;b) uniform rectilinear motion is the movement of themobile moves in a straight path with variable speed;

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c) uniform rectilinear motion is the movement of themobile moves in a straight path with speed becoming

less;d) uniform rectilinear motion is the movement of themobile moving speed on a straight path ever higher.

10. Find the correct statement:a) linear motion range is moving the mobile moves in astraight path with constant speed;b) linear motion range is moving the mobile moves in astraight path with variable speed;c) linear motion range is the mobile movement at rest;d) linear motion range is moving the mobile moves in acurvilinear trajectory with constant speed;

I.2. Inertia, mass, density

Inertia is a general property of bodies to maintain sleepor uniform rectilinear motion in the absence of externalactions.Mass is the physical size measuring inertia of a body.The unit of mass in SI is kg.Density is a physical quantity defined by the relationshipbetween body mass and its density.Relationship definition of density is:

= m/V

Were m is body mass and V - volume.The equation the unit of density is:

[] =kg/m3

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1. Which of the following is correct:a) inertia is owned bodies to oppose the change state ofrectilinear and uniform motion or rest;b) inertia is a property of bodies to make rectilinear anduniform motion;c) inertia is the property of bodies to be at rest;d) inertia is owned bodies to perform varied reciprocate.

2. Find the correct statement:a) mass of a body is a vector quantity;b) mass of a body is a physical quantity measuringinertia;c) a body mass is a property;d) a body mass is a vector quantity measuring inertia.

3. Relationship definition of density is:a) = V/m;b) = V2/m;c) = V/m2;d) = m/V;

4. Density is the ratio of:a) body mass and its speed;

b) size and body mass;c) body mass and its volume;d) body mass and square of the velocity.

5. The unit of density is:a) kg/m;b) kg/m3;

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c) kg/m2;d) kg/s.

6. It gives the following substances and their densities:bronze ( = 8750kg/m3), glass ( = 2500 kg/m3), steel (= 7800kg/m3), mercury ( = 13550kg/m3) and petrol ( =800kg/m3). Hass a lower density:a) glass;b) gasoline;c) steel;d) mercury

7. Volume of a body of aluminum (aluminium = 2700 kg/m3)with a mass of 540g is:a) 0,002m3;b) 0,0002m3;c) 0,02m3;

d) 0,2m3

.

8. Volume of a body of bronze (bronze = 8750Kg/m3) with amass of 875kKg is: a) 1m3;b) 0,01m3;c) 0,1m3;d) 2m3.

9. A body mass of iron (iron = 7880Kg/m3) is 788g.What is its volume?a) 0,001m3;d) 0,01m3;c) 1m3;d) 0,0001m3.

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10. Body mass of a platinum (platinum = 21,460 kg/m3) is220kg. What is its volume:

a) 0,01m3;b) 0,1m3;c) 1m3;d) 0,001m3.

11.30kg iron (iron=7880Kg/m3 ) will occupy a volume:a) 0,005m3;b) 0,0038m3;c) 0,01m3;d) 0,5m3.

12. In a cubical container of side 2m is gasoline. What isthe mass of gasoline (gasoline = 800 Kg/m3):a) 6400kg;b) 5400Kg;

c) 2200Kg;d) 3000Kg.

13. 54Kg ice (ice=917Kg/m3) will occupy a volume:a) 0,1m3;b) 0,01m3;c) 0,001m3;d) 0,0001m3.

14. In a cubical container of side 1m is ice (ice = 917kg/m3). What is the mass of ice in the vessel?a) 1000kg;b) 917Kg;c) 880Kg;d) 600Kg.

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15. A piece of bronze (bronze = 8750Kg/m3) is the volume

of 1m3. What is the mass of the piece?a) 8750kg;b) 8000Kg;c) 7000Kg;d) 6000Kg.

16. A cube with sides of 1m has 19310Kg/m3 density.What is the mass of the cube?a) 20000Kg;b) 19310Kg;c) 2000Kg;d) 19000Kg.

I.3. Interaction general owner of bodies

Interaction is the mutual action of two bodies.Phenomena arising from the interaction of bodies arecalled effects.The dynamic is changing state of motion of bodies.The deformation is static bodies (elastic or plastic).Plastic deformation is deformation that does not

disappear upon termination of interaction and the bodyno longer returns to original shape.Deformation is elastic deformation by which the bodyreturns to its original state after leaving the interaction.

1. Find the correct statement:a) the interaction is mutual action between two bodies;

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b) interaction is a chemical phenomenon;c) interaction is a process;

d) interaction is mutual action between two bodies.

2. The interaction is dynamic:a) change the state of motion of bodies;b) deformed bodies;c) change the state of motion and deformation of bodies;d) elastic and plastic deformation of the bodies.

3. The static interaction is to:a) change the state of motion of bodies;b) bodies change;c) change the state of motion and deformation of bodies;d) elastic and plastic deformation of the bodies.

4. Plastic deformation is:

a) deformation by which the body returns to its originalshape after leaving the interaction;b) deformation which does not disappear upontermination of interaction and the body returns to itsoriginal form;c) deformation which does not disappear upontermination of interaction and the body no longer returnsto original form;

d) deformation which disappears upon termination ofinteraction and body returns to its original;

5. Elastic deformation is:a) deformation by which the body returns to its originalshape after leaving the interaction;b) deformation which does not disappear upon

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termination of interaction;c) deformation which does not disappear upon

termination of interaction and the body no longer returnsto original form;d) deformation which does not disappear upontermination of interaction and the body returns to itsoriginal form;I.4.Types of forces elastic force, friction, weight

The force opposing the elastic body deformation and itsvalue is numerically equal to the deflection.Relationship to calculate the elastic force is:

F = kl

Spring constant of spring is the ratio of the deformingforce and elongation of the spring.

The unit of k in SI is:

[k]SI = N/m

Friction occurs in the area of contact between twobodies, opposes the motion of a body to another and isfacing the opposite direction of motion of the body.Friction depends on the nature and degree of grinding

the surfaces of bodies in contact. Weight is a vectorphysical quantity is the vertical direction, meaning towardthe center of the Earth and the point of application iscalled center of gravity.The relationship of weight calculation is:

G =mg

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Unit weight is:

[G]SI = 1N

Gravitational acceleration depends on the distance fromthe center of the Earth's body. The unit is:

[g]SI = N/kg

1. Find the correct statement:a) force opposes elastic deformation of the body and notits numerical value is directly proportional to thedeflection;b) elastic force is not a deformed body, does not precludedeformation body and its numerical value is directlyproportional to the deflection;

c) elastic force is the force that occurs in a deformedbody, opposes the deformation body and its numericalvalue is directly proportional to the deflection;d) elastic force is the force that appears in a deformedbody, opposes the deformation body and its numericalvalue is directly proportional to the deflection;

2. Relationship to calculate the elastic force is:

a) Fe = ma;b) Fe = kl;c) Fe = al;d) Fe = ke;3. Unit elastic constant k is:a) N/m;

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b) N/m3;c) N/m2;

d) N/s.

4. Choose the correct version:a) friction is the force that does not appear on the surfaceof contact between two bodies, a body movement is notopposed to each other and is oriented in the oppositedirection of motion of the body;b) friction is the force that does not appear on the surfaceof contact between two bodies, opposes the motion of abody to another and is facing the opposite direction ofmotion of the body;c) friction is the force that appears on the surface ofcontact between two bodies, opposes the motion of abody to another and is facing the opposite direction ofmotion of the body;

d) friction is the force that is not in contact between twobodies, a body movement is not opposed to each otherand is oriented in the opposite direction of motion of thebody;

5. For bodies with masses equal:a) Rolling friction is equal to the sliding friction;b) Rolling friction is greater than the sliding friction;

c) Rolling friction is less than the friction slip;d) Rolling friction is greater than or equal to the slidingfriction;

6. Friction is:a) perpendicular to the contact surface;b) parallel to the contact surface;

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c) oblique contact surface;d) perpendicular to the path.

7. Choose the correct statement:a) force of friction depends on the nature and degree ofgrinding the surfaces of bodies in contact;b) friction does not depend on the nature and degree ofgrinding the surfaces of bodies in contact;c) friction surfaces does not depend on the nature ofbodies in contact;d) friction does not depend on the degree of polishing thesurfaces of bodies in contact;

8. Find the correct statement:a) force of gravity is a scalar physical quantity;b) the force of gravity is the force of attraction exerted byEarth on a body;

c) the force of gravity is the force of attraction exerted byEarth on a body;d) the force of gravity is the force exerted by Earthrejecting a body;

9. Choose the correct statement:a) weight is a vector physical quantity, is the horizontaldirection, the way to the center of the Earth and the point

of application is called center of gravity;b) weight is a vector physical quantity, is the verticaldirection, meaning toward the center of the Earth and thepoint of application is called center of gravity;c) weight is a scalar physical quantity, is the horizontaldirection, the way to the center of the Earth and the pointof application is called center of gravity;

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d) weight is a vector physical quantity, has an obliquedirection, the way to the center of the Earth and the point

of application is called center of gravity;

10. The relationship of weight calculation is:a) G = ma;b) G = m/a;c) G = mgd) G =m/g

11. The unit of gravitational acceleration (g) is:a) Nkg;b) m2/kg;c) N/kg;d) kg/s.

12.Unit weight is:

a) kg/m3

;b) N;c) N/kg;d) N/m2.

13.Mass of a body is 50Kg. What is body weight (g =10N/kg):a) 500N;

b) 300N;c) 600N;d) 1000N.

14.A spring undergoes deformation by 4cm. What iselastic force if k = 200N/m:a)8N;

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b)4N;c)5N;

d)6N.

15. A spring undergoes deformation of 2cm. What iselastic force if k = 100N/m:a) 3N;b) 2N;c) 1N;d) 4N.

16. A spring undergoes deformation of 6cm. What iselastic force if 200N/m:a) 12N;b) 14N;c) 16N;d) 18N.

17. The weight of a body is 200N. What is body massknowing that g = 10N/Kg:a) 25Kg;b) 20Kg;c) 35Kg;d) 40Kg.

18. 2 bodies have difficulties m1g and G1 = G2 = m2g.What is the average weight of bodies?a) (m1g + m2g)/2;b) m1g+m2g;c) m1+m2;d) m2 +m1.

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19. What is the force necessary to raise a mass of 6kg:a) 600N;

b) 800N;c) 200N;d) 60N.

20. A body has mass 40kg. What is the weight of?a) 400N;b) 300N;c) 200N;d) 100N.

I.5.Mechanical equilibrium of bodies

A solid body is a movement of translation if the segmentjoining any two points of the solid retains its directionduring the movement.

A solid is a circle if any point which describes an arc withthe center axis of rotation.A body is in translational equilibrium if they remain at restor moving rectilinear and uniform.A body is in balance if the rotation does not rotate at allor has a uniform circle.Moment of force is a physical quantity vector whosemodule is equal to the product of the magnitude of the

force (F) and its arm (b).The relationship definition is:

M = Fb

The unit of moment of force is:

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[M]SI = [F]SI [b]SI =N m

The lever is a rigid bar which can rotate around a fixedpoint called the fulcrum.The condition of equilibrium of the lever is the ratio offorces is equal to the inverse ratio of arms:

F/R = bR/bF

I like lever is the lever to the fulcrum am between thepoints of application of forces.Lever type II is the lever to the fulcrum is at one end andat the other end is the point of application of active force.Type III lever is the lever to the fulcrum is at one end andat the other end is the point of application of resistanceforce.Pulley is a simple machine consisting of: grooved wheel

on the edge, the central shaft, fixed axle fork, hook gripand wireless inextensible.The condition of equilibrium of a fixed pulley is the drivingforce is equal to the resistance force (F = R).The condition of equilibrium of a mobile whip is thedriving force to be two times smaller than the forcestrength (F = R / 2).Inclined plane is the plane forming an acute angle with

the horizontal plane.Elements of an inclined plane are: length of the inclined

plane (l), the height of the inclined plane (h) and inclineangle ().

1. Find the correct statement:

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a) a solid body has a translational motion if any segmentjoining two points remain solid direction by the

movement;b) a solid body has a translational motion if the segment

joining any two points of the solid do not retain theirdirection during the movement;c) a solid body has a translational motion if the straightline joining any two points of the solid do not retain theirdirection during the movement;d) a solid body has a translational motion if the segment

joining any two points of the solid do not retain theirmeaning in the movement;

2. Choose the correct statement:a) a solid body has a rotating when any point does notdescribe an arc with the center axis of rotation;b) a solid body has a rotating when any point which is at

rest;c) a solid body has a rotating when any point whichdescribes an arc with the center axis of rotation;d) a solid body has a rotating when any point which doesnot describe an arc;

3. A body is in translational equilibrium if:a) resultant force acting on it is zero;

b) not remain idle;c) does not move straight and uniform;d) remains at rest or moving rectilinear and uniform.

4. A rotating body is in equilibrium if:a) rotates around an axis of rotation;b) has a rotating uniform;

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c) does not rotate at all or has a rotating uniform;d) no answer is not correct.

5. Find the correct statement:a) when a force is a scalar physical quantity equal to theproduct of the magnitude of the force and his arm;b) when a force is a scalar physical quantity equal to theproduct of force and acceleration module;c) when a force is a scalar physical quantity equal to theproduct of force and power module;d) when a force is a vector physical quantity equal to theproduct of the magnitude of the force and his arm;

6. Relationship to calculate the moment of a force is:a) M = Fbb) M = Fac) M = Fg

d) M = F/a

7. The unit for torque is:a) N/m2;b) Nm;c) NA2;c) N/m3.

8. Find the correct statement:a) The lever is a rigid bar which can rotate around afulcrum;b) the lever is a rigid rod on which no force is not acting;c) lever is a rigid bar that can be rotated around a fulcrumon which no work and no force;d) lever is a rigid bar that can be rotated around a fulcrum

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and on whose behalf the active forces and resistance.

9. The condition of equilibrium of the lever is that:a) F/R = bR/bF;b) FR = bR/bF;c) F/R = bRbF;d) F = bR/bF;

10. The condition of equilibrium of the lever is that:a) when the active force is smaller than strong torque;b) active torque is greater than the torque resistant;c) active torque is equal to torque resistant;d) no answer is correct;

11. I like lever is the lever that:a) support is at one end and at the other end are thepoints of application of force;

b) fulcrum is at one end and at the other end is the pointof application of active force;c) support is at one end and at the other end is the pointof application of resistance force;d) support is between the points of application of forces.

12. Lever type II is the lever that:a) support is at one end and at the other end are the

points of application of force;b) fulcrum is at one end and at the other end is the pointof application of active force;c) support is at one end and at the other end is the pointof application of resistance force;d) support is between the points of application of forces.

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13. Type III lever is the lever that:a) support is at one end and at the other end are the

points of application of force;b) fulcrum is at one end and at the other end is the pointof application of active force;c) support is at one end and at the other end is the pointof application of resistance force;d) support is between the points of application of forces.

14. Elements of pulleys are:a) wheel, shaft, housing, hook and thread;b) wheel axle;c) fork, wheel, shaft;d) wire, wheel axle.

15. The condition of equilibrium for a fixed pulley is:a) F = R;

b) F< R;c) F> R;d) F R.

16. The condition of equilibrium for a mobile whip is:a) F = R;b) F< R;c) F= R/2;

d) F R.

17. Find the correct statement:a) the inclined plane is the plane forming a right angle tothe horizontal plane;b) the inclined plane is the plane forming an angle of 120 to the horizontal plane;

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c) inclined plane is the plane forming an acute angle withthe horizontal plane;

d) the inclined plane is the plane forming an angle of 130 to the horizontal plane;

18. Elements of an inclined plane are:a) length and angle plan plane;b) length of the inclined plane;c) the angle of incline;d) length, height and angle of incline.

19. What is the reactive force acting on a lever knowingthat: F = 70N, bR = 0.5m and bF = 1m:a) 120N;b) 130N;c) 140N;d) 110N.

20. What is the driving force acting on a lever knowingthat: R = 500N, bR = 20m and bF = 1m:a) 10N;b) 20N;c) 120N;b) 1000N.

21.The force required uniform climb without friction, abody weight of G, on an inclined plane of height h andlength l is:a) F = G/l;b) F = Gl/h;c) F = l/h;d) F = Gh/l.

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I.6. The work and mechanical energy

Work is a scalar physical quantity equal to the product ofthe magnitude of the force (F) and body movementmodule(d).Engine mechanical work (Lm) is equal to the product offorce and displacement engines, the same sense ofdisplacement.The work resistant (LR) is equal to the product of forceand resistance movement, body movement with theopposite.Unit of measurement of mechanical work is SI is:

[L]SI = 1JA joule is the work of a constant force of 1N whose

application point moves with 1m and under the directionof force.Mechanical power (P) is the physical size scalar equal tothe ratio of mechanical work (W) performed by a forceand time (t) at which mechanical work.

P = L/t

The unit for mechanical power in watts SI is the symbolW.A watt is the mechanical power of a force conducting anengineer working for a joule in one second.

1CP = 736W

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Mechanical efficiency is the ratio of useful mechanicalwork (Lu) and the work consumed (LC). Is dimensionless

and subunit.Mechanical energy is a scalar physical quantity whichcharacterizes the ability of a body or system of bodies toproduce mechanical work.Kinetic energy is the mechanical energy of a bodymoving towards a chosen reference system.Mathematical expression of kinetic energy:

EC =mv2/2SI unit of measurement is: [EC] = 1J.Potential energy is the mechanical energy of a physicalsystem whose component parts interact. Law ofconservation of mechanical energy: mechanical energyof a physically isolated system remains constant, that isconserved.Law change mechanical energy: mechanical energy

variation of a bare physical system is equal to the workdone by external forces.A body is in stable equilibrium if the small deviations fromthe equilibrium position he is in the same position.A body is unstable if small deviations from the equilibriumposition he is not alone in this position.A body is in balance whether the small deviations fromthe equilibrium position he is still in balance.

1. Find the correct statement:a) physical work is a vector quantity equal to the productof the force module and the module body movement;b) physical work is a scalar quantity equal to the productof the force module and the module body movement;

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c) physical work is a vector quantity equal to the productof speed module and the module body movement,

d) physical work is a vector quantity equal to the productof acceleration module and the module body movement;

2. Engine mechanical work Lm is:a) product of force and displacement engines;b) resistant product of force and motion;c) product of the motive force and duration;d) product of the motive force and resistance force.

3. Resistant mechanical work Lr is:a) product of force and displacement engines;b) resistant product of force and motion;c) product of the motive force and duration;d)product of the motive force and resistance force.

4. Unit of measurement of mechanical work is:a) N;b) Jc) Ns;d) Nm2.

5. Assertion is correct:a) a joule is the work done by a constant force of 1N

moving on 1m distance, direction and meaning of labor;b) a joule is the work done by a constant force of 0.5Nmoving on 0.5m distance, direction and meaning of labor;c) a joule is the work done by a constant force of 0.001Nmoving the 0,001m distance, direction and meaning oflabor;

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d) a joule is the work done by a constant force of 0,005Nmoving on 1m distance, direction and meaning of labor;

6. Find the correct statement:a) mechanical power is a scalar physical quantity equalto the ratio of force and time at which mechanical work;b) mechanical power is a scalar physical quantity equalto the ratio of work done by force and time at whichmechanical work;c) mechanical power is a scalar physical quantity equal tothe ratio of speed and time at which mechanical work;d) mechanical power is a scalar physical quantity equalto the ratio of acceleration and time at which mechanicalwork;

7. Mathematical relationship of mechanical power is:a) P = Lt;

b) P = L/t;c) P = La;d) P = Lg;

8. Unit of measurement of mechanical power is:a) W;b) Nm;

c) N;d) m.

9. Assertion is correct:a) one watt is the mechanical power of a forceconducting a mechanic working on for 1s 1J;b) one watt is the mechanical power of a forceconducting a mechanical work of 0.5 J for 1s;

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c) one watt is the mechanical power of a force conductinga mechanical thing 1J time of 0.05 s;

d) one watt is the mechanical power of a forceconducting a mechanical work of 0.05 J for 1s;

10. How many watts is PO:a) 750W;b) 720W;c) 700W;d) 736W.

11. Which statement is correct?a) dimensional and mechanical efficiency is greater thanone;b)mechanical efficiency can not be expressed inpercentages;c)mechanical efficiency is the ratio of useful mechanical

work and mechanical work consumed;d) mechanical efficiency is dimensionally.

12. Find the correct statement:a) mechanical energy is a scalar physical quantity thatcharacterizes the ability of a body or system of bodies toproduce mechanical work;b) mechanical energy is a vector physical quantity which

characterizes the ability of a body or system of bodies toproduce mechanical work;c) mechanical energy is a vector physical quantity;d) mechanical energy is a vector physical quantity doesnot characterize the body or system of bodies whichproduce mechanical work;

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13. Kinetic energy:a) increases as speed decreases the body;

b) decreases as speed increases the body;c) increases as speed increases the body;d) no answer is correct.

14. Find the correct statement:a) the kinetic energy of a body is proportional to thesquare of the velocity of a reference system;b) kinetic energy of a body's speed is proportional to areference system;c)kinetic energy of a body's speed is inverselyproportional to a reference system;d) kinetic energy of a body is inversely proportional to thesquare of acceleration against a reference system;

15. Mathematical expression of kinetic energy:

a) Ec = mv/2;b) Ec = mv2/2;c) Ec = mv;d) Ec = mv/3;

16. Unit of measurement of kinetic energy is:a) J;b) N;

c) m;d) m3.

17. Find the correct statement:a) The potential energy is independent of body position;b) potential energy depends on body position;c) potential energy is independent of body mass;

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d) any statement is not correct.

18.Mathematics expression gravitational potentialenergy:a) EP = mh;b) EP = m/h;c) EP = mgh;d) EP = m2h;

19. Find the correct statement:a) the mechanical energy of a system is an amount ofstate and is the product of kinetic and potential energy;b) the mechanical energy of a system is an amount ofstate and is the sum of kinetic and potential energy;c) the mechanical energy of a system is an amount ofprocess and product of kinetic and potential energy;d) mechanical energy of a system is a good size and is

completely state of kinetic and potential energy;

20. Mechanical energy expression:a) E = EC;b) E = Ep;c) E = EC + EP;d) E = LC.

21.Mechanical energy conservation law:a) the mechanical energy of an isolated physical systemvaries, that is conserved;b) the mechanical energy of an isolated physical systemis not conserved;c) the mechanical energy of an isolated physical systemremains cost, that is conserved;

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d) mechanical energy of an isolated physical systemremains cost, that is not preserved;

22.Law change mechanical energy:a) changes in mechanical energy of a bare physicalsystem is equal to work done by external forces;b) changes in mechanical energy of an isolated physicalsystem is equal to potential energy;c) mechanical energy change of a physically isolatedsystem is equal to kinetic energy;

d) changes in mechanical energy of a bare system isequal to kinetic energy.

23. Find the correct statement:a) a body is suspended in stable equilibrium if the point ofsupport under the center of gravity of the body on the

same vertical;b) a body is suspended in stable equilibrium if the body'scenter of gravity lies below the support;c) a body is suspended in stable equilibrium if the point ofsupport is above the center of gravity of the body, on thesame vertical;d) a body is suspended in stable equilibrium if the point ofsupport coincides with the identical of the body.

24. Which statement is correct:a) a supported body is in stable equilibrium if carriedvertical center of gravity falls in base of support;b) a supported body is in stable equilibrium if carriedhorizontal center of gravity falls in base of support;

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c) a body support is in stable equilibrium if carried verticalcenter of gravity falls within the support base;

d) a body support is in stable equilibrium if carriedhorizontal center of gravity falls within the support.

25. What is the correct statement?a) a body is unstable if small deviations from theequilibrium position he returns to the equilibrium position;b) a body is unstable if small deviations from theequilibrium position he is not alone in this position;

c) a body is unstable if small deviations from theequilibrium position is everything in balance;d) a body is unstable if small deviations from theequilibrium position infancy, is not in balance.

26. What is the correct statement?

a) a body is in balance regardless of whether the smalldeviations from the equilibrium position is everything inbalance;b) a body is in balance regardless of whether the smalldeviations from the equilibrium position he is not alone inthis position;c) a body is in balance regardless of whether the smalldeviations from the equilibrium position, he is not alone in

this position;d) a body is unstable if small deviations from theequilibrium position it is only in this position.

II. Termal phenomena

II.1.Starea heating. Thermal contact. Heat balance

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Temperature is a physical quantity describing the thermal

state of bodies.Thermal balance is achieved when two bodies withdifferent heating conditions put in contact come to thesame heating condition.To measure temperature using thermometers.Temperature is a physical size of the state.The link between temperature measured in K and thetemperature measured in C is given by:

T(K) = 273,15 + t (C)

Diffusion is the phenomenon of penetration of moleculesof a body among the molecules of another body withoutthe intervention of outside forces.

1. Find the correct statement:a) The thermal state is the state of the bodies thatproduce sensations of hot and cold;b) thermal state is a physical property that can not be acriterion for ordering;c) thermal state is a physical property that does notproduce sensations of hot and cold;d) thermal state is a physical property.

2. Thermal balance is achieved when:a) two bodies have different heating conditions;b) two bodies with different heating conditions, thermalcontact get released after a certain time to have thesame heating condition;

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c) two bodies with different heating conditions fail to havethe same heating condition;

d) two bodies with different heating conditions, placed inthermal contact fail to have the same heating condition.

3. For temperature measurement is used:a) dynamometer;b) thermometer;c) balance;b) timer.

4. Find the correct statement:a) two bodies in thermal equilibrium with a third body is inthermal equilibrium with each other.b) three bodies in thermal contact can not be in thermalequilibrium;c) two bodies in thermal equilibrium with a third body are

not in thermal equilibrium with each other;d) three bodies in thermal equilibrium can not be inthermal contact.

5. Temperature:a) a vector quantity, not the state characterized byheating a body;b) a vector quantity that characterizes the state of heating

body;c) not a fundamental quantity characterizing the state ofheating a body;d) a scalar quantity, which characterizes the fundamentalcondition of body heat;

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6. The link between temperature measured in K and thetemperature measured in C:

a) T(K) = t (C);b) T(K) = 300 + t (C);c) T(K) = 273,15 + t (C);d) T(K) = 273,15.

7. Unit of measurement of temperature and is:a) C;b) N;c) m;d) K.

8. Diffusion is:a) The phenomenon of penetration of molecules of abody among other molecules without the intervention ofoutside forces body;

b) The phenomenon of penetration of molecules of abody among molecules with the assistance of anotherbody outside forces;c) The phenomenon of penetration of molecules of abody among other molecules inside the body with a forceaction;d) The phenomenon of penetration of molecules of abody among other molecules inside the body with a

force;

9. By heating an aluminum strip that happens its volume?a) expand;b) contract;c) expand and contract;d) no change in volume.

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10. In the temperature range 0C - 4C water volume:

a) increase;b) decreases;c) unchanged;d) greatly increases.

11. By heating the air volume:a) increase;b) decreases;c) unchanged;d) decreases greatly.

12. Medical thermometer is a thermometer:a) minimum;b) maximum;c) minimum and maximum;

d) that can measure temperatures above 100C

II.2. Heat. Calorimetry

Heat is a physical size of the process. Unit ofmeasurement of heat and is: [Q]SI = 1J.Calorimetric equation is:

Qced = Qabs

Specific heat is numerically equal to the physical sizeneeded to vary the temperature of heat a unit mass of abody with a degree.

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Mathematical expression of specific heat can be writtenas:

c = Q/m t

Its unit of measurement is:

[c]SI = J/kg K

Heat capacity is a physical quantity numerically equal tothe heat required to change a body with a hightemperature. Its mathematical expression has the form:

C = Q/ t

Unit of measure:[C]SI = J/ K

1. Insulator body is:a) copper;b) wood;c) iron;d) gold.

2. What is core body heat:a) glass;b) ebonite;

c) wood;d) iron.

3. Find the correct statement:a) heat is a state of physical size and temperature ofprocess is a natural size;

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b) heat is a physical size and process temperatureprocess is a natural size;

c) heat is a physical size of state and temperature state isa natural size;d) heat is a physical size and temperature process is aphysical size of state;

4. The unit for heat:a) J;b) N;c) m2;d) NJ;

5. Find the heat equation:a) Qced = T (K) + 273,15;b) Qced = T (C) + 273,15;c) Qced = Qabs;

d) Qabs = 273,15.

6. Specific heat is:a) physical size numerically equal to the heat necessaryto vary the temperature of unit mass of a body with nodegree;b) physical size numerically equal to the heat necessaryto vary the temperature of a body with no degree;

c) physical size numerically equal to the heat necessaryto vary the temperature of a mole of a body with nodegree;d) physical size numerically equal to the heat required toraise the temperature of a body.

7. Heat capacity is:

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a) physical size numerically equal to the heat necessaryto vary the temperature of unit mass of a body with no

degree;b) physical size numerically equal to the heat necessaryto vary the temperature of a body with no degree;c) physical size numerically equal to the heat necessaryto vary the temperature of a mole of a body with nodegree;d) physical size numerically equal to the heat required toraise the temperature of a body.

8. Mathematical expression of specific heat:a) c =Q/T;b) c= Q/m;c) c = Q/m T;d) c =Q/T.9. Mathematical expression of the heat capacity:

a) C =Q/m;b) C =Q/g;c) C = Q/ T;d) C = Q/a.

10. Metal heat transmission is by:a) heat conduction;

b) thermal convection;c) radiation;d) convection and radiation.

11. Heat transmission fluid is made by:a) heat conduction;b) thermal convection;c) radiation;

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d) convection and radiation.

12. A calorie is:a) 5,36J;b) 3,14J;c) 4,18J;d) 3,25J.

13. Unit of measurement of specific heat is:a) J/kg;b) J/K;c) J/KgK;d) J/g.

14. Unit of measurement of heat capacity is:a) J/kg;b) J/K;

c) J/KgK;d) J/g.

II.3.Fuels and heat engines

Are natural or synthetic fuels that emit heat by burning.The relationship between heat by burning fuel and fuelmass is:

Q = m q

Calorific value (q) is a physical quantity numerically equalto heat by burning a unit mass of fuel. Be calculated with:

q = Q/m

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SI unit of measurement is: [q]SI = J/kg.

Heat engine is a physical system that carries outmechanical work forces when they get hot. Heat engineefficiency is numerically equal physical size ratio of workdone and the heat from burning fuel.The yield is calculated as:

= L/Q1

1. Find the correct statement:a) are natural or synthetic fuels that emit no heat byburning;b) are natural or synthetic fuels that emit heat by burning;c) fuels are solids that do not emit heat by burning;d) fuels are liquids which do not emit heat by burning.

2. What is the correct statement?a) heat by burning a fuel is independent of fuel massburned;b) heat by burning a fuel is not dependent on the natureof spent fuel;c) heat by burning a fuel depends on the mass andnature of spent fuel;

d) no answer is correct.

3. Heat from burning a fuel is calculated with:a) Q = mt;b) Q = qt;c) Q = mq;d) Q = mt.

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4. Calorific value is:

a) physical size numerically equal to heat by burning aunit mass of fuel;b) physical size numerically equal to the product of heatand mass of fuel;c) physical size numerically equal to the product of massand heat a fuel;d) physical size numerically equal to the product of a fueltemperature heat;

5. Calorific mathematical expression:a) q = Qm;b) q = Qt;c) q = Q/m;d) q = Qmt.

6. Measuring unit calorific:a) J/Q;b) JQ;c) J/K;d) J/kg.

7. Heat engine is:a) device performing mechanical work while receiving

heat;b) device that gives off heat when performing mechanicalwork;c) a device that receives heat and mechanical work;d) device that gives off heat.

8. Heat engines can be:

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a) only internal combustion;b) the only external combustion;

c) only ignition;d) external combustion, internal ignition.

9. Steam locomotive is:a) internal combustion engine;b) spark-ignition engine;c) external combustion engine;d) internal combustion engine and ignition.

10. Return a heat engine:a) physical size numerically equal to the ratio of workdone and the heat released by burning fuel;b) physical size numerically equal to the product of workdone and the heat released by burning fuel;c) physical size numerically equal to the amount of work

done and the heat released by burning fuel;d) is numerically equal to the physical size differencebetween work done and the heat released by burningfuel;

11. The expression efficiency of a heat engine is:a) = L/Q1;b)

= L;c) = Q1;d) = Q2;

II.4. Changing the state of

Substances can be found in three states of aggregation:solid, liquid and gas. Solids have shape and volume and

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not flow properly. Liquids have their own volume, not itsform and flow. Gases have their own volume, not its form

and flow. Specific latent heat () is equal to the ratio oflatent heat and body mass.

= Qlatent/m

SI unit of measurement for is J/kg. Melting is a processof transition of solid substances in liquid at a temperaturewell established. Solidification is the shift of a substancefrom liquid to solid temperature well established.Vaporization is the process of transition from liquidsubstance vapor.Condensation is the process of transfer of the substancevapor in liquid. Sublimation is the direct conversion of asolid to gas without passing through the liquid state.Inverse sublimation is the reverse process sublimation.

Melting, vaporization and sublimation are processes thattake place with absorption of heat. Solidification,condensation and inverse sublimation are processes thatoccur with heat transfer.

1. Find the correct statement:a) solids have their own volume, not its form and flow;b) solids volume not own their own form and flow;

c) solids have their volume, their own form and notrunning;d) solids have their own volume, and run their own form.

2. Liquids:a) does not have its own volume, and not running theirown form;

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b) its volume, its shape and not leaking;c) have their own volume, not its shape and not leaking;

d) have their own volume, have their own form and notrunning.

3. Gas:a) Volume not own and run their own form;b) its volume, its shape and not leaking;c) have their own volume, not its shape and not leaking;d) have their own volume, have their own form and notrunning.

4. Intermolecular interactions in solids are:a) large;b) small;c) very small;d) zero.

5. Intermolecular interactions in liquids are:a) large;b) small;c) very small;d) zero.

6. Intermolecular interactions in gases are:

a) large;b) small;c) very small;d) zero.

7. Specific latent heat is:a) the relationship between body mass and latent heat;

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b) the product of latent heat and body mass;c) the amount of latent heat and body mass;

d) the difference between body mass and latent heat;

8. Mathematical expression of specific latent heat is:a) = L/m;b) = Lm;c) = Lg;d) = Qlatent/m;

9. Unit of measurement of specific latent heat is:a) N/kg;b) J/N;c) J/kg;d) Jm.

10. Melting is:a) the shift of the solid substance in the liquid at atemperature well established;b) the shift of liquid substance in a gaseous state at atemperature well established;c) the shift of the solid substance in a gaseous state at atemperature well established;d) the shift of gaseous substance in the liquid at a

temperature well established;

11. Solidification is:a) the shift of the solid substance in the liquid at atemperature well established;b) the shift of the substance from solid to liquid in a well-defined temperature;

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c) the shift of the solid substance in a gaseous state at atemperature well established;

d) the shift of gaseous substance in the liquid at atemperature well established;

12. Vaporization is:a) the shift of the solid substance in the liquid;b) the shift of liquid substance in solid form;c) the shift of the solid substance into vapor;d) the shift of the substance from liquid to vapor;

13. Condensation is:a) the shift of the substance vapor in liquid;b) the shift of liquid substance in solid form;c) the shift of the solid substance into vapor;d) the shift of the substance from liquid to vapor;

14. Which of the following processes under absorption ofheat?a) solidification;b) condensation;c) melting;d) inverse sublimation.

15. Which of the following processes resulting in heat

transfer?a) vaporizationb) condensation;c) melting;d) sublimation.

16. Which relationship is valid for the same substance?

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a) vaporizare condensare;b) topire condensare;c) vaporizare condensare;d) vaporizare = condensare;

17. Sublimation is:a) the shift of the substance vapor in liquid;b) the shift of liquid substance in solid form;c) the shift of the solid substance in the gas;

d) the shift of the substance from liquid to vapor;

18. Inverse sublimation is:a) the shift from gas to solid substance;b) the shift of liquid substance in solid form;c) the shift of the solid substance into vapor;d) the shift of the substance from liquid to vapor;

III. Electrical phenomena

III.1. Static bodies

Electric charge is a measure of the status ofelectrification, is denoted by the symbol q. Unit ofmeasurement equation is:

q =It

The unit for electric charge is called the coulomb.Staticbodies can be made by: friction, contact and influence.To static friction bodies are loaded with loads of evidenceto the contrary. In static contact bodies are loaded withloads of the same sign. To static body electrified by

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influence by influence does not change the electriccharge, but the ends are loaded with loads of evidence to

the contrary. Between bodies charged with the tasks ofthe same sign interactions occur through forces ofrejection. Between bodies charged with the tasks of thesame interactions occur with different signs of attractionforces.Coulomb's lawInteraction force between two bodies with the task q1 andq2 is directly proportional to their tasks and inverselyproportional to the square of the distance between them.Coulomb's law has the form:

F =k q1q2/r2


a) the electric charge is a measure of the status ofelectrification;b) electrical charge can be positive;c) electrical charge can not have negative values;d) electrical charge is neutral.

2. Mathematical expression of electric charge is:a) q =Im;

b) q = It;c) q = Ig;d) q = I/t.

3. Unit of measurement of electric charge is:a) A;b) J;

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c) C;d) N.

4. Find the correct statement:a) the static friction bodies are loaded with loads ofevidence to the contrary;b) the static friction bodies are loaded with tasks of thesame sign;c) static friction is not electrically charged bodies;d) the static friction electrified body electric charge doesnot change, but the ends are loaded with loads ofevidence to the contrary.

5. Find the correct statement:a) the static contact bodies are loaded with loads ofevidence to the contrary;b) the static contact bodies are loaded with loads of the

same sign;c) the contact bodies are not static electrical charges;d) the static contact electrified body electric charge doesnot change, but the ends are loaded with loads ofevidence to the contrary.

6. What is the correct statement:a) static induction bodies loaded with loads of evidence

to the contrary;b) static induction tasks bodies are loaded with the samesign;c) the bodies are not static induction electric load;d) static induction electrified body electric charge doesnot change, but the ends are loaded with loads ofevidence to the contrary.

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7. Between electrically charged bodies with electric

charges of the same sign occurs:a) interactions of rejection;b) pull interactions;c) no interaction occurs;d) interactions of attraction and rejection.

8. Between electrically charged bodies with electriccharges of the same evidence to the contrary is evident:a) interactions of rejection;b) pull interactions;c) no interaction occurs;d) interactions of attraction and rejection.

9. Coulomb's Law:a) the interaction force between two point masses with

q1 and q2 tasks is directly proportional to electricalcharges and inversely proportional to the square of thedistance between them;b) interaction force between two point masses with q1 andq2 tasks is inversely proportional to electrical charges andthe distance between them;c) the interaction force between two point masses with q1and q2 tasks is inversely proportional to electrical charges

and inversely proportional to their distance;d) the interaction force between two point masses with q1and q2 tasks is directly proportional to electrical charges;

10. The force of interaction does not depend on:a) The tasks bodies;b) distance between objects;

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c) the environment in which the bodies;d) mass of bodies;

III. 2. Electricity. Circuit.

Electricity is orderly movement of electrical chargecarriers. Physical size characterizing the intensity ofelectricity is electricity, with the symbol I. The unit for I,amps SI is the symbol A. A simple circuit elements are:the power, switch and connecting wires.Closed circuit is passed through the power circuit and theswitch is closed.Open circuit is the circuit which is crossed by electriccurrent and the switch is opened. Characterizing any sizeis called voltage electric generator (fear). Characterizingany consumer sizes are: electrical output voltage and thenominal value of electric current intensity. A consumer is

under tension if the consumer is the nominal voltagegreater than voltage electric generator. A consumer isover-stretched consumer if rated voltage is less thanvoltage electric generator. A consumer and rated voltagegenerator adapted if the consumer is approximatelyequal to voltage electric generator. Electrical resistanceis a physical quantity equal to the ratio between appliedvoltage and electric current intensity. Relationship

definition has the form:

R =U/I

Unit of measurement of electrical resistance is the ohm,symbol . The voltage is denoted by U and is a physical

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quantity equal to the ratio of work done to transportelectric charge Q.

Relationship definition has the form:

U =L/Q

Unit of measurement of voltage is volt, symbol V.Ohm's Law for a portion of the circuitIf the end of a portion of the circuit applies a voltage,electric current intensity produced by that portion of thecircuit is directly proportional to the applied voltage.Ohm's Law is the mathematical relation:

I =U/R

Joule effectConductor heating due to electric current passing through

them is called the thermal effect of electric current.Joule's lawDissipated energy for a portion of circuit resistance R in atime t is directly proportional to the square of electriccurrent strength, electrical resistance and time.Mathematical expression has the form:

W = RI2t

Thermal power circuit portion is equal to the product ofelectrical resistance and square of electric currentintensity.

P = R I2

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Inner tension (u) is equal to the ratio of energy suppliedby the generator circuit indoor circuit electrical charge

passing through a period of time.

u = Wint/Q

Electric voltage (E) is equal to the ratio of energysupplied by the entire circuit and generating electriccharge passing through the circuit at that time.

E = Wgen/Q

Ohm's law for the whole circuitCurrent intensity through a simple circuit is directlyproportional to fear generator of the circuit and inverselyproportional to the amount of inner resistance of thegenerator and external circuit resistance.

I = E/ R +r

1. The unit for electric current intensity is:a) m;b) m2;c) A;d) N.

2. Circuit elements are:a) The power, switch and connecting wires;b) conducting liaison and consumer;c) switch and the consumer;d) generator and connecting wires.

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3. Find the correct statement:a) circuit closed circuit in which the consumer is no power

switch and the switch is closed;b) closed circuit circuit in which the consumer is no powerswitch and the switch is open;c) closed circuit is the circuit which passes throughconsumer power and the switch is closed;d) closed circuit is the circuit which has consumer andswitch is not closed;

4. What is the correct statement:a) circuit is open circuit in which the consumer and doesnot pass power switch is open;b) open circuit is the circuit which passes throughconsumer power and the switch is closed;c) circuit is open circuit the electric current passesthrough the consumer and the switch is dechis;

d) circuit is open circuit the electric current passesthrough the consumer;

5. A 9V battery is notation. What is the value:a) the nominal voltage;b) the electrical voltage;c) electric voltage;d) electric current intensity.

6. A flashlight bulb is 6V. What is the value?a) the nominal voltage;b) the electrical voltage;c) electric voltage;d) electric current intensity.

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7. A light bulb flashlight find pairs of values (3.5 V, 0.2 A).What are these values:

a) the electric voltage and electric current intensity;b) electric voltage;c) the rated voltage and electric current intensity;d) electric current intensity.

8. Unit of measurement of electric voltage is:a) A;b) N;c) V;d) m.

9. Unit of measurement of voltage is:a) V;b) N;c) A;

d) m.

10. Find the correct statement:a) the bulb is under tension when tension is less than itsrated voltage electric generator;b) the bulb is under tension when tension is higher thanits rated voltage electric generator;c) the bulb is under tension when tension is equal to its

nominal voltage electric generator;d) if the bulb is under tension electric generator voltage isequal to the nominal voltage of bulb.

11. Find the correct statement:a) The bulb is tension over whether the voltage is lowerthan its rated voltage electric generator;

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b) if the bulb is stretched over its rated voltage is higherthan voltage electric generator;

c) if the bulb is stretched over its rated voltage is equal tovoltage electric generator;d) if the bulb is over tensioned electric generator voltageis equal to the nominal voltage of bulb.

12. What is the correct statement:a) lamp and generator are adjusted if the nominal voltageof bulb is approximately equal to voltage electricgenerator;b) lamp and generator are adjusted if the bulb is ratedvoltage greater than voltage electric generator;c) lamp and generator are adjusted if the bulb ratedvoltage lower than voltage electric generator;d) lamp and electric generator are adjusted if thegenerator voltage is higher than the rated voltage of the

bulb.

13. Voltage measurement tool is:a) ammeters;b) voltmeter;c) thermometer;d) resistor.

14. Find the correct statement:a) the electrical resistance of a conductor is a vectorphysical quantity equal to the ratio of electrical voltageapplied to the ends of a conductor of electric currentintensity as it crosses;b) electrical resistance of a conductor is a vector physicalquantity equal to the product of electrical voltage applied

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to the ends of a conductor of electric current intensity asit crosses;

c) the electrical resistance of a conductor is a scalarphysical quantity equal to the ratio of the electricalvoltage applied to the ends of a conductor of electriccurrent intensity as it crosses;d) electrical resistance of a conductor is a vector physicalquantity equal to the amount of electrical voltage appliedto the ends of a conductor of electric current intensity asit crosses.

15. Mathematical expression of electrical resistance is:a) R = UIt;b) R = UI;c) R =U/I;d) R = UQ.

16. Unit of measurement of electrical resistance is:a) A;b) N;c) m;d) .

17.Instrument for measuring electrical resistance iscalled:a) ammeters;b) voltmeter;c) ohmmeter;d) thermometer.


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a) the effect of Joule heating conductors is due to electriccurrent passing through them;

b) Joule effect is to cool the conductors due to electricalcurrent passing through them;c) Joule effect is a heating effect;d) Joule effect is a magnetic effect.

22. Joule's law is:a) the energy dissipated on a portion of the circuit isinversely proportional to the square of the intensity ofelectric current, electrical resistance and time;b) energy dissipated by a circuit portion is directlyproportional to the square of electric current strength,electrical resistance and time;c) a portion of energy dissipation per circuit is inverselyproportional to the square of the intensity of electriccurrent directly proportional to electrical resistance and

time;d) energy is dissipated over a portion of the circuit isinversely proportional to the square of the intensity ofelectric current, electrical resistance and directlyproportional to time;

23. Joule's law mathematical expression is:a) W = RI/t;b) W = RI;c) W = Rt;d) W = RI2t.

24. Thermal power for a portion of the circuit is:a) the product of electrical resistance and square ofelectric current intensity;

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b) the amount of electrical resistance and square ofelectric current intensity;

c) the difference between electrical resistance andsquare of electric current intensity;d) electrical resistance is inversely proportional to theintensity of electric current;

25. Thermal power is the mathematical expression:a) P = RI;b) P = Rt;c) P = RI2;d) P = Rt.

26. Flashlights bulb has a rated voltage 4V and intensityelectric current is 0.4 A. Electrical power for operating thebulb is:a) 1W;

b) 2W;c) 1,6W;d) 3W.

27. A flashlight bulb is electrical power 2W. How is theenergy dissipated within 2 hours:a) 14400J;b) 20000J;c) 144J;d) 25000J.

28. Internal voltage is:a) the ratio of energy supplied by the generator circuitwithin a time frame and load passing through the circuit.

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b) the amount of energy supplied by the generator circuitwithin a time frame and load passing through the circuit.

c) product of the energy provided by generator circuitwithin a time frame and load passing through the circuit.d) the product of the energy provided by generator circuitwithin the time frame.

29. Inner tension has mathematical expression:a) u = Wgen/t;b) u = Wgen/tm;c) u = Wint/Q;d) u = Qt;

30. Electric voltage (t.e.m.) is:a) the whole of the energy provided by generator circuitin a time and electric charge passing through that circuit;b) the amount of energy provided by generator entire

circuit in a time and electric charge passing through thatcircuit;c) the difference between energy supplied by generatorentire circuit in a time and electric charge passingthrough that circuit;d) the product of all the energy provided by generatorcircuit in a time and electric charge passing through thatcircuit;

31. Electric voltage is mathematical expression:a) E = W gen/t;b) E = W gen/I;c) E = W gent;d) E = W gen/Q;

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32. Stress balance for a simple circuit is:a) E = Ub + u;

b) E = Ub u;c) E = Ubu;d) E = Ub/u.

33. Ohm's law for the whole circuit is:a) the electric current intensity is inversely proportional tofear generator and directly proportional to the amount ofinner resistance of the generator and external circuitresistance;b) intensity electric current is directly proportional to feargenerator and inversely proportional to the amount ofinner resistance of the generator and external circuitresistance;c) intensity electric current is directly proportional to worrygenerator and inversely proportional to the difference

between the generator internal resistance and externalcircuit resistance;d) intensity electric current is directly proportional to feargenerator and inversely proportional to the product of thegenerator internal resistance and external circuitresistance;

34. Ohm's law for the whole circuit is the expression

math:a) I = E/r;b) I = E/ R + r;c) I = R/E;d) I = E/R.

III.3.Energy and power of simple circuit

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Expressions depending on circuit powers:

Pext = RE2/ (R +r)2 (outdoor power circuit)

Pint =rE2/ (R+r)2 (internal circuitpower)

Pgen =E2/R +r (whole circuit power)

Yield simple electric circuit is equal to physical size ratiobetween energy consumers and energy once suppliedthe entire circuit generator.

= Wext/ Wgen

1. Mathematical expression of power external circuit is:

a) Pext = RE2

/(R + r)2

;b) Pext = R/(R + r)2;c) Pext = E2/(R + r)2;d) Pext = RE2.

2. Mathematical expression of the power circuit inside it:a) Pint = RE2/(R + r)2;b) Pint = R/(R + r)2;

c) Pint = rE2/(R + r)2;d) Pint = RE2.

3. Mathematical expression of the entire power circuit is:a) Pgen = E2/R + r;b) Pgen = R/(R + r)2;c) Pgen = E2/(R + r)2;

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d) Pgen = RE2.

4. Return is simple electric circuit:a) a physical quantity equal to the ratio of useful energyfrom the circuit and the total energy of the circuit;b) an amount equal to the natural product of usefulenergy from the circuit and the total energy of the circuit;c) an amount equal to the physical size of the usefulenergy flow and the total energy of the circuit;d) physical size than the difference between usefulenergy and total energy flow of the circuit;

5. Mathematical expression yield a simple circuit is:a) = Wext Wgen;b) = Wext + Wgen;c) = Wext - Wgen;d) = Wext /Wgen;

6. Generator to an electrical circuit is E = 2V and r = R =1 and 10 resistor. Electrical power external circuit is:a) 0,38W;b) 0,35W;c) 0,33W;d) 0,25W.

7. Generator to an electrical circuit is E = 2V and r = R =1 and 10 resistor. Interior electrical power circuit is:a) 0,38W;b) 0,35W;c) 0,33W;d) 0,25W.

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8. Generator to an electrical circuit is E = 2V and r = R =1 and 10 resistor. Total electric power generator

circuit is provided:a) 0,66W;b) 0,60W;c) 0,50W;d) 0,55W.

III.4.Kirchhoff's theorems

Network node is points of the circuit are at least threeinterconnected circuit elements. Side is the portion of thecircuit between two nodes.The Eye network is part of the circuit consists of asequence of edges forming a closed polygonal line.

Kirchhoff's theorem I

Sum current intensity leaving a node is the sum ofintensities of currents entering that node.Kirchhoff's theorem IIAlgebraic sum of voltages from a network eye equals thealgebraic sum of electric tension in that eye. Equivalentseries resistance group is the sum of resistances of eachresistor. Equivalent parallel resistance group is the sumof resistances of each resistor inverse. Power divider has

the expression:

I1/I2 = R2/R1

Voltage divider has the expression:

U1/U2 = R1/R2

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1. Find the correct statement:a) the network node is the point at which at least threeinterconnected circuit elements;b) network node is a point that is interconnected circuitelements;c) the network node is where two circuit elements areinterconnected;d) network node is the point where at least threeinterconnected circuit elements;

2. What is the correct statement:a) side is the portion of the circuit between two nodes;b) side is the portion of the circuit that includes at leastone node inside;c) side portion of the circuit is not covered by the same

current;d) side portion of the circuit is composed of twocomponents inside.

3. Find the correct statement:a) the eye network is part of the circuit consists of asequence of edges which form a closed polygonal line;b) the eye network is going through that portion of the

circuit does not pass through each node once;c) the eye network is part of the circuit consists of asequence of edges forming a closed polygonal line;d) the eye network is going through that portion of thecircuit to pass through each node several times;

4. Kirchhoff s theorem I is:

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a) the sum of intensities of currents leaving a node is thesum of intensities within the respective node;

b) product intensities currents leaving a node is equal tothe product intensities within the respective node;c) difference intensities currents leaving a node is equalto the difference intensities falling in that node;d) product intensities currents leaving a node is equal tothe difference intensities falling in that node;

5. Theorem II of Kirchhoff s:a) the product of tensions between the eye network isequal to the product of the electric tension that eye;b) a voltage difference eye network is equal to theproduct of the electric tension that eye;c) the algebraic sum of voltages from a network eyeequals the algebraic sum of electric tension that eye;d) a voltage difference eye network is the sum of the

electric tension that eye;

6. Equivalent series resistance of the group is:a) the sum of resistances of each resistor;b) the difference in resistances of each resistor;c) the product resistance of each resistor;d) inversely proportional to the resistance of eachresistor.

7. The group inverse parallel equivalent resistance is:a) the sum of resistances of each resistor;b) the difference in resistances of each resistor;c) the product resistance of each resistor;d) inverse sum of resistances of each resistor.

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8. Find correct mathematical expression for the currentdivider:

a) I2/I1 = R2/R1;b) I2I1 = R2R1;c) I1/I2 = R2/R1;d) I2 + I1 = R2 - R1;

9. Find correct mathematical expression for the voltagedivider:a) U2/U1 = R2/R1;b) U2U1 = R2R1;c) U1/U2 = R1/R2;d) U2 + U1 = R2 - R1;

IV. Magnetic phenomena

IV.1.Types of magnets and magnetic interactions

Magnets attract objects containing iron. Magnetic polesrepel same name and those with different names attract.Earth's magnetic north pole is located near thegeographic South Pole and vice versa.

1. Magnets have the property to attract:

a) wood;b) ebonite;c) blade;d) iron.


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a) the magnetic poles of the same name with themagnetic poles attract and repel different names;

b) north pole (N) of the magnet is oriented towards thegeographical south pole of the earth;c) south pole (S) of the magnet is oriented to thegeographic North Pole of the Earth;d) magnetic poles of the same name magnetic polesrepel and attract each other with different names.

3. If you close a steel bar magnet that is:a) electrified;b) heat;c) magnetized;d) break.

4. Which is magnetized bodies:a) plastic;

b) wood;c) razor blades;d) cotton.

IV.2. Force and electromagnetic induction

Elecromagnetic Strength:- Acting on a conductor of electricity,

- Under the influence of a magnet or an electromagnet;- Increase the current increases if the conductor- Perpendicular to the direction of conductor, acting onthe conductor if he is not placed exactly in the directionthat would place a magnetic needle in the area;-Acting as a thrust motors in operation.Electromagnetic induction:

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- Is a phenomenon that is the emergence in an electricalcircuit of fear and if a circuit is closed electric current;

- Occurs when the inductor to change their position or theintensity of electric current induced in the inductor circuitchanges;- Electric current induced increase if the state change isfaster inductor;- Principle of operation of the alternator and dynamo isbased on the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction.

1.Find the correct statement:a) the electromagnetic force is not perpendicular to theconductor;b) electromagnetic force decreases if the current intensityincreases inducer;c) the electromagnetic force acting on the conductor if heis not placed exactly in the direction that would place a

magnetic needle in the area;d) the electromagnetic force has no role in the operationof traction motors.

2. What is the correct statement:a) is an electromagnetic induction phenomenon is theemergence in an electrical circuit of fear;b) electromagnetic induction does not occur when the

inductor induced change their stance;c) electromagnetic induction does not occur when theflow of electric current intensity inducing change;d) any statement is not correct.

3. The electrical circuit in which current is induced iscalled:

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a) the independent circuit;b) induced flow;

c) oscillating circuit;d) AC circuit.

4. Determining production electromagnetic magnet flux iscalled:a) industrial;b) independentc) induction;d) any statement is not correct.

V. Fluid Mechanics

V.1. Types of pressure

Pressure is a scalar physical quantity equal to the ratio ofnormal and uniform force exerted per unit area.Mathematical expression is:

p =F/S

Pressure measuring unit is N/m2 or Pa (Pascal).1Papressure is a force of 1 N acting normal and evenlydistributed on a surface area of 1m2. Hydrostaticpressure is the pressure due to the weight of a liquid. Thepressure at depth h in a fluid can be calculated using therelationship:

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p =gh

Atmospheric pressure is the pressure due to air cargo.Normal atmospheric pressure value:

p0 = 101 325Pa = 1 atm = 105N/m2

Devices used to measure atmospheric pressure arecalled barometers.

1. Find the correct statement:a) pressure is a scalar physical quantity equal to the ratiobetween force and surfaceb) pressure is a physical vector quantity equal to theproduct of force and surfacec) pressure is a physical vector quantity equal to the

amount of force and surfaced) pressure is a physical vector quantity equal to thedifference between force and surface

2. Mathematical expression of pressure is:a) p = FS;b) p = SF;c) p = F/S;

d) p = aS.

3. Pressure measuring unit is:a) N/m;b) N/m3;c) N;d) N/m2.

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4. 1Pa are:

a) the pressure of a 1N force acting normally anduniformly distributed on a surface area of 1m2;b) a pressure of 0,001 N force acting normally anduniformly distributed on a surface area of 0.011 m2;c) the pressure exerted by a force of 0.5 N acting normaland evenly distributed on a surface area of 0.25 m2;d) the pressure exerted by a force of 0.55 N actingnormal and evenly distributed on a surface area of 0.35m2;

5. Pressure due to the weight of a liquid is called:a) atmospheric pressure;b) hydrostatic pressure;c) normal atmospheric pressure;d) surface normal.

6. Hydrostatic pressure is mathematical expression:a) p = gh;b) p = Gih;c) p = gh;d) p = hI.

7. Weight due to air pressure is called:

a) atmospheric pressure;b) hydrostatic pressure;c) normal atmospheric pressure;d) surface normal.

8. Normal atmospheric pressure value is:a) 103Pa;

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b) 105Pa;c) 10Pa;

d) 1Pa.

9.Dispozitivele used to measure atmospheric pressureare called:a) thermometers;b) ammeters;c) voltmeters;d) barometers.

10. Hydrostatic pressure is:a) inversely proportional to depth;b) inversely proportional to the density of the liquid;c) inversely proportional to the acceleration due togravity;d) proportional to depth.

11. What is the real relationship:a) p =1/h;b) p 1/h;c) p < hd) p h.

V.2. The fundamental principle of hydrostatics

Pressure difference of two points in a liquid in equilibriumis directly proportional to the difference in level betweenthe two points. Mathematical expression is of the form:

p = gh

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a) the pressure difference of two points in a liquid inequilibrium is directly proportional to the difference oflevel which is two points;b) pressure difference of two points in a liquid inequilibrium is inversely proportional to the difference oflevel which is two points;c) pressure difference of two points in a liquid inequilibrium is directly proportional to the difference oflevel which is two points;d) the amount of pressure from two points of a liquid inequilibrium is inversely proportional to the difference oflevel which is two points;2. Mathematical expression is the fundamental principleof hydrostatics:a) h = h;

b) h = gh;c) h = h;d) p = gh.

V.3. Pascal's Law and Archimedes law

Pascal's Law

Pressure variation produced in a forward point of a liquidfull at all points of that liquid. Buoyancy Force Resultantpressure forces exerted by the fluid balance on a bodyimmersed in fluid that is called Archimedes force.Archimedes' lawOn a body immersed in a fluid force is exerted verticallyoriented bottom-up, which way the fluid displaced isequal to the weight.

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If f > c immersed weight is less than the Archimedesforce, the body floats to the surface of the liquid.

If f


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d) buoyancy force is a horizontal force;

4. Body floating on the surface if:a) immersed weight is greater than Archimedes force;b) buoyancy force is equal to the immersed weight;c) submerged weight is equal to the Archimedes force;d) immersed weight is less than Archimedes force;

5. The body floats to the surface if it satisfies thecondition:a) f > c;b) f < c;c) f = c;d) f c;

6. The body lies on the bottom if:a) immersed weight is greater than Archimedes force;

b) Buoyancy force is equal to the immersed weight;c) submerged weight is equal to the Archimedes force;d) immersed weight is less than Archimedes force;

7. The body lies on the bottom if it satisfies the condition:a) f > c;b) f < c;c) f = c;

d) f c;

8. Body floating in the liquid if:a) immersed weight is greater than Archimedes force;b) buoyancy force is equal to the immersed weight;c) submerged weight is equal to the Archimedes force;d) immersed weight is less than Archimedes force;

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9. Body floating in the liquid if it satisfies the condition:

a) f > c;b) f < c;c) f = c;d) f c;

10. Archimedes force is:a) physical size scalar;b) physical size vector;c) fundamental physical size;d) a physical phenomenon.

VI. Optical phenomena

VI.1.Light sources. Propagation of light

Light sources are receiving corps and scatter light.Transparent bodies are bodies which allow passage oflight through them and clear observation of objects intheir rear. Opaque bodies are bodies that do not allow

passage of light through them. Translucent bodies arebodies which allow passage of light through them but donot allow clear observation of objects.Sun eclipses occur when the Moon is between Sun andEarth.Moon eclipses occur when Earth is between Sun andMoon.

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1. Light sources are:

a) bodies which receive light from a light source;b) bodies which do not allow passage of light throughthem;c) opaque bodies;d) receiving corps and scatter light.

2. Transparent bodies are:a) bodies which allow passage of light through them andobserve objects behind them;b) bodies which do not allow passage of light throughthem;c) bodies which allow passage of light through them butdo not allow clear observation of objects;d) buildings which do not allow passage of light and allowclear observation of objects.

3. Opaque bodies are:a) bodies which allow passage of light through them andobserve objects behind them;b) bodies which do not allow passage of light throughthem;c) bodies which allow passage of light through them butdo not allow clear observation of objects;

d) bodies do not allow clear observation of objects.

4. Translucent bodies are:a) bodies which allow passage of light through them andobserve objects behind them;b) bodies which do not allow passage of light throughthem;

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c) bodies which allow passage of light through them butdo not allow clear observation of objects;

d) buildings which do not allow passage of light.

5. Sun eclipse occurs when:a) the Moon is between Sun and Earth;b) the Sun is between the Moon and Earth;c) The Earth is between the Moon and the Sun.d) the Earth is between Sun and Moon.

6. Lunar eclipse occurs when:a) the Moon is between Sun and Earth;b) the Sun is between the Moon and Earth;c) the Moon is between Earth and Sun.d) the Earth is between Sun and Moon.VI.2.Reflection and refraction of light

Change in the direction of propagation of light in contactwith the surface of separation between two differentenvironments is called reflection.Corresponding rays of two beams are called incident rayand reflected ray.Laws of reflection:1. Incident ray, surface normal and reflected ray arecoplanar.

2. Angle of incidence and reflection angle are the sameway. Changing the direction of propagation of lightpassing through a boundary between two differenttransparent media is called refraction.Laws of refraction:1. Incident ray, refracted ray is normal and in the sameplane.

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2. Angle of refraction and angle of incidence have thesame degree.

Refractive index (n) the environment is the ratio of lightspeed in vacuum and the speed of light in thatenvironment.

1. Light reflection is a phenomenon:a) mechanical;b) heat;c) optical;d) Electrical.

2. Light reflection occurs when:a) The incident ray, normal range are not reflected in thesame plane;b) incidence angle is different from the angle of reflection;c) angle of incidence equals the angle of refraction;

d) incidence angle of reflection equals the angle.

3. First law of reflection:a) The incident ray, normal, reflected beam are coplanar;b) incidence angle is different from the angle of reflection;c) angle of incidence equals angle of refraction;b) angle of incidence equals angle of reflection.

4. The second law of reflection:a) The incident ray, normal range are not reflected in thesame plane;b) angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection;c) angle of incidence equals the angle of refraction,d) angle of incidence equals angle of reflection.

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5. Refraction of light is a phenomenon:a) mechanical;

b) heat;c) optical;d) Electrical.

6. First law of refraction:a) The incident ray, normal range is reflected in the sameplane;b) incidence angle is different angle of reflection;c) angle of incidence equals the angle of refraction;d) angle of incidence equals angle of reflection.

7. The second law of refraction:a) The incident ray, normal range are not reflected in thesame plane;b) angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection;

c) incidence angle is equal to the angle of refraction;d) angle of incidence equals angle of reflection.

8. Absolute refractive index is:a) the speed of light in vacuum and the speed of light inthat environment;b) the amount of light speed in vacuum and the speed oflight in that environment;

c) the product of the speed of light in vacuum and thespeed of light in that environment;d) The difference between the speed of light in vacuumand the speed of light in that environment;

VI.3.Lenses

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Lens is a transparent and homogeneous medium,bounded by two surfaces, of which at least one is flat.

Lenses can be: convergent and divergent. Converginglenses are thicker lenses in the middle and thinner ends.Diverging lenses are thinner lenses in the middle andthicker at the ends. Lens formula:

1/p =1/f + 1/p

Real image is formed at the intersection and refractedrays can be projected on a screen.Virtual image is formed at the intersection of extensionsand refracted rays can be projected on a screen.

1. Converging lenses are:a) the thick lenses in the middle and thin at the ends;b) thin lens in the middle and thin at the ends;

c) thick lenses in the middle and thick at the ends;d) no answer is correct.

2. Diverging lenses are:a) the lens thicker in the middle and thinner at the ends;b) thin lens in the middle and thick at the ends;c) thin lens in the middle and thin at the ends;d) thick lenses in the middle and thick at the ends.

3.Image a bright object with a converging lens located ata distance greater than twice the focal length is:a) real, inverted and enlarged;b) real and equal right object;c) rea

multiple choise physics for middle school

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