multiple indicator cluster surveys data interpretation, further analysis and dissemination workshop...
TRANSCRIPT
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Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys Data Interpretation, Further Analysis and
Dissemination Workshop
Child Development
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Early Childhood development (ECD): Key Facts
• Early childhood, which spans the period to 8 years of age, is critical to a child’s cognitive, social, emotional and physical development.
• Many challenges faced by adults, such as mental health issues, obesity, heart disease, criminality, and poor literacy and numeracy, can be traced back to early childhood.
• Brain and biological development during the first years of life is highly influenced by an infant’s environment.
• There are simple and effective ways for families and caregivers to ensure optimal child development
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Access to basic services
Home environment
Child development
Conceptual framework for MICS4
Attendance to Early Childhood Education
Early Childhood Development Index
Supportive factors: Support for Learning Learning Materials:
Children’s Books and Playthings
Risk factors: Inadequate care
Conceptual framework for ECD in MICS
Core ECD domains
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Attendance to Early Childhood Education Programme
• Definition: Number of children age 36-59 months who are attending an early childhood education programme / Total number of children age 36-59 months
• Importance: improves child’s literacy and numeracy skills & social and emotional development & Enhances school-related achievements; allows women to enter the workforce; increases family & family and community cohesion; increases GDP and public revenues - opportunity to break the cycle of poverty
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Percentage of children age 36-59 months attending
early childhood education1
Number of children age 36-59 months
Total
Sex
Male
Female
Region
Region 1
Region 2
Region 3
Region 4
Region 5
Area
Urban
Rural
Age of child
36-47 months
48-59 months
Mother's education
None
Primary
Secondary
Higher
Wealth index quintile
Poorest
Second
Middle
Fourth
Richest
Religion/Language/Ethnicity of household head
Group 1
Group 2
Group 3
Percentage of children age 36-59 months w ho are attending an organized early childhood education programme, Country, Year
Table CD.1: Early childhood education
1 MICS indicator 6.1 - Attendance to early childhood education
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Children in the poorest households are less likelyto access early childhood education programmes
Burk
ina
Faso
Som
alia
Yem
enBu
rund
iM
aurit
ania
Côte
d'Iv
oire
Bosn
ia a
nd H
erze
govi
naLa
o PD
R
Syria
n Ar
ab R
epub
lic
Cent
ral A
frica
n Re
publ
ic
Gui
nea-
Biss
auTa
jikis
tan
TFYR
Mac
edon
iaSi
erra
Leo
neBa
ngla
desh
Togo
Kaza
khst
anKy
rgyz
stan
Uzbe
kist
anG
ambi
aCa
mer
oon
Mon
tene
gro
Beliz
eNi
geria
Serb
iaM
ongo
liaSu
rinam
eAl
bani
aG
eorg
iaG
uyan
aG
hana
Viet
Nam
Thai
land
Ukra
ine
Trin
idad
and
Tob
ago
Bela
rus
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100Poorest 20% Richest 20% Average
Percentage of children aged 36-59 months that attend some form of early childhood education programme, by household wealth, in the 36 countries where there was a statistically significant difference
Note: This analysis included 36 countries***p ≤ .01 (statistically significant at the 1% level) Source: MICS3
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Support for Learning
• Three indicators: Support for learning among any adult and support for learning among fathers/mothers
• Definitions: - Number of children age 36-59 months with whom an adult / father / mother has engaged in four or more activities to promote learning and school readiness in the past 3 days / Total number of children age 36-59 months
• Importance: Positive stimulation influences child’s ability to acquire cognitive, emotional and social competencies and is associated with decreased behavioral problems later in life
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Biological father
Biological mother
Total
Sex
Male
Female
Region
Region 1
Region 2
Region 3
Region 4
Region 5
Area
Urban
Rural
Age
36-47 months
48-59 months
Mother's educationa
None
Primary
Secondary
Higher
Father's education
None
Primary
Secondary
Higher
Father not in the household na na na
Wealth index quintiles
Poorest
Second
Middle
Fourth
Richest
Religion/Language/Ethnicity of household head
Group 1
Group 2
Group 3
Percentage of children w ith w hom biological mothers have engaged in
four or more activities3
Mean number of activities
w ith biological mothers
Number of children age 36-59 months living w ith
their biological mothers
Table CD.2: Support for learning
Percentage of children age 36-59 months w ith w hom adult household members engaged in activities that promote learning and school readiness during the last three days, and engagement in such activities by biological fathers and mothers, Country, Year
Percentage of children living with their:
Number of children
age 36-59 months
Number of children age 36-59 months living w ith
their biological fathers
Percentage of children w ith w hom
adult household members have
engaged in four or more activities1
Mean number of activities w ith adult household members
Percentage of children w ith w hom
biological fathers have engaged in
four or more activities2
Mean number of activities
w ith biological fathers
1 MICS indicator 6.2 - Support for learning
a The background characteristic "Mother's education" refers to the education level of the respondent to the Questionnaire for Children Under Five, and covers both mothers and primary caretakers, w ho are interview ed w hen the mother is not listed in the same household. Since indicator 6.4 reports on the biological mother's support for learning, this background characteristic refers to only the educational levels of biological mothers w hen calculated for the indicator in question.
2 MICS Indicator 6.3 - Father’s support for learning3 MICS Indicator 6.4 - Mother’s support for learning
na: not applicable
NewChanged
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Mothers are the households members most likely to engage in early learning activities for children
Lao
PDR
Burk
ina
Faso
Djib
outi
Yem
enTa
jikis
tan
Togo
Mau
ritan
iaIra
qG
hana
Côte
d'Iv
oire
Mon
golia
Cam
eroo
nNi
geria
Kyrg
yzst
anVi
et N
amUz
beki
stan
Syria
n Ar
ab R
epub
licBa
ngla
desh
Alba
nia
TFYR
Mac
edon
iaSo
mal
iaSi
erra
Leo
neKa
zakh
stan
Surin
ame
Geo
rgia
Bosn
ia a
nd H
erze
go...
Thai
land
Beliz
eG
uyan
aSe
rbia
Jam
aica
Bela
rus
Mon
tene
gro
Trin
idad
and
Tob
ago
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100Mother Father Other adult household member
Percentage of children aged 0-59 months whose mother, father or other adult household member engaged them in four or more activities to promote learning and school readiness in the past three days, in the 38 countries with available data
Source: MICS 3
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Learning Materials
• Two indicators: availability of children's book and availability of playthings
• Definitions: - Number of children under age 5 who have three or more children’s books / Total number of children under age 5- Number of children under age 5 who play with two or more types of playthings / Total number of children under age 5
• Importance: strong association between availability of books and playthings and cognitive/socio-emotional development
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3 or more children's books1
10 or more children's books
Homemade toys
Toys from a shop/manufactured toys
Household objects/objects found outside
Tw o or more types of playthings2
Total
Sex
Male
Female
Region
Region 1
Region 2
Region 3
Region 4
Region 5
Area
Urban
Rural
Age
0-23 months
24-59 months
Mother’s education
None
Primary
Secondary
Higher
Wealth index quintiles
Poorest
Second
Middle
Fourth
Richest
Religion/Language/Ethnicity of household head
Group 1
Group 2
Group 3
Table CD.3: Learning materials
Percentage of children under age 5 by numbers of children's books present in the household, and by playthings that child plays w ith, Country, Year
Percentage of children living in households that have for the child: Number of
children under age 5
1 MICS indicator 6.5 - Availability of children’s books 2 MICS indicator 6.6 - Availability of playthings
Percentage of children who play w ith:
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Children in the richest households are more likelyto have books in the home
Lao
PDR
Côte
d'Ivo
ireTog
o
Centra
l Afri
can
Repub
lic
Camer
oon
Yemen
Sierra
Leo
ne
Ghana
Nigeria
Tajikis
tan
Viet N
am
Mon
golia
Syrian
Ara
b Rep
ublic
Albania
Uzbek
istan
Thaila
nd
Surina
me
TFYR Mac
edon
ia
Guyan
a
Belize
Kazak
hsta
n
Bosnia
and
Her
zego
vina
Georg
ia
Kyrgy
zsta
n
Mon
tene
gro
Serbia
Trinida
d an
d Tob
ago
Ukrain
e0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100Richest 20% Poorest 20% Average
Percentage of children aged 0-59 months living in households with three or more children’s books, by household wealth, in the 28 countries where there was a statistically significant difference
Note: This analysis included 28 countries***p ≤ .01 (statistically significant at the 1% level)Source: MICS3
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Inadequate care
• Definition: Number of children under age 5 left alone or in the care of another child younger than 10 years of age for more than one hour at least once in the past week / Total number of children under age 5
• Importance: Leaving a young child alone or with another young sibling is associated with:
• Increased risk of harm and injury
• Increased risk of abuse and neglect
• Increased mortality
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Left alone in the past w eek
Left in the care of another child younger than 10 years of age
in the past w eek
Left w ith inadequate care in
the past w eek1
Number of children under age 5
Total
Sex
Male
Female
Region
Region 1
Region 2
Region 3
Region 4
Region 5
Area
Urban
Rural
Age
0-23 months
24-59 months
Mother’s education
None
Primary
Secondary
Higher
Wealth index quintiles
Poorest
Second
Middle
Fourth
Richest
Religion/Language/Ethnicity of household head
Group 1
Group 2
Group 3
Percentage of children under age 5 left alone or left in the care of another child younger than 10 years of age for more than one hour at least once during the past w eek, Country, Year
1 MICS indicator 6.7 - Inadequate care
Percentage of children under age 5:
Table CD.4: Inadequate care
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Early Childhood Development Index (ECDI)
• Definition: Number of children age 36-59 months who are developmentally on track in at least three of the following four domains: literacy-numeracy, physical, social-emotional, and learning
• Importance: Provides a snapshot of (or a window into) the child’s developmental status at the time of measurement and can be used to measure outcomes of ECD, nutrition or health interventions
• ECDI needs to be interpreted within the context of other variables available from MICS and other sources
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Early childhood development index (ECDI)
Domain ItemsLiteracy-numeracy
Children are considered “on track” if they can do at least two
EC8. CAN (NAME) IDENTIFY OR NAME AT LEAST TEN LETTERS OF THE ALPHABET?
EC9. CAN (NAME) READ AT LEAST FOUR SIMPLE,
POPULAR WORDS? EC10. DOES (NAME) KNOW THE NAME AND
RECOGNIZE THE SYMBOL OF ALL NUMBERS FROM 1 TO 10?
Physical
Children are considered “on track” if they can do one or the other
EC11. CAN (NAME) PICK UP A SMALL OBJECT WITH TWO FINGERS, LIKE A STICK OR A ROCK FROM THE GROUND?
EC12. IS (NAME) SOMETIMES TOO SICK TO PLAY?
Social-emotional
Children are considered “on track” if they can do at least two
EC15. DOES (NAME) GET ALONG WELL WITH OTHER CHILDREN?
EC16. DOES (NAME) KICK, BITE, OR HIT OTHER CHILDREN OR ADULTS?
EC17. DOES (NAME) GET DISTRACTED EASILY?
Learning
Children are considered “on track” if they can do one or the other
EC13. DOES (NAME) FOLLOW SIMPLE DIRECTIONS ON HOW TO DO SOMETHING CORRECTLY?
EC14. WHEN GIVEN SOMETHING TO DO, IS (NAME) ABLE TO DO IT INDEPENDENTLY?
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Literacy-numeracy Physical
Social-Emotional Learning
Total
Sex
Male
Female
Region
Region 1
Region 2
Region 3
Region 4
Region 5
Area
Urban
Rural
Age
36-47 months
48-59 months
Attendance to early childhood education
Attending
Not attending
Mother’s education
None
Primary
Secondary
Higher
Wealth index quintiles
Poorest
Second
Middle
Fourth
Richest
Religion/Language/Ethnicity of household head
Group 1
Group 2
Group 3
Table CD.5: Early child development index
Percentage of children age 36-59 months w ho are developmentally on track in literacy-numeracy, physical, social-emotional, and learning domains, and the early child development index score, Country, Year
Percentage of children age 36-59 months who are developmentally on track for indicated domains Early child
development index score1
Number of children age
36-59 months
1 MICS indicator 6.8 - Early child development index
Percentage of children not on track in any of
the four domains
New
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