Municipal Corporation of Greater MumbaiWater Sector Initiatives

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Water Supply- Key Issues

Issues pertaining to Quantity of water•Overall availability and equitable distribution

Issues pertaining to Quality of Water•Contamination due to aging network

Issues pertaining to Cost of Operations and tariff structure

Issues pertaining to hours of supply•Intermittent supply vs. 24X7 supply

Issues pertaining to “unaccounted for water”•Physical as well as revenue losses

Issues pertaining to Customers’ relationship management

Customer Care – Challenges of Rising Expectations & Numbers

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Water Supply: 3350 Mld

Major Water Treatment Plants:

Bhandup: Rated capacity 1910 Mld, working at 2100 Mld Panjarapur: Rated capacity 1365 Mld, working at 1365 Mld Vehar + Tulsi : Rated capacity 90 Mld

Major Pumping stations: Pise Panjarapur Bhandup Raoli

Master Balancing Reservoirs : 2Yewai Bhandup

Service Reservoirs : 26

Length of water mains : 4000 Kms

No. of Distribution Zones : 109

No. of Leak-detection Zones : 615

No. of daily operated valves : 800

Mumbai Water Supply – At A Glance

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Existing Water Supply Sources

Sr. No.

Name of the Source Year of Completion

Qty of Water Supply (MLD)

Total Qty of Water Supply

(MLD)(Cumulative)

1 Vihar Lake 1860 110 110

2 Tulsi Lake 1879 18 128

3 Tansa Lake 1892 to 1925 485 613

4 Lower & Upper Vaitarna 1957 1142 1755

Bhatsa

I Mumbai 1981 455 2210

II Mumbai 1989 455 2665

III Mumbai 1996 455 3120

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III A MUMBAI 2007 350 3470 *

Inclusive of 120MLD En-Route Supply

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Sources of Water Supply For Mumbai

Basin wise water

sources

Vaitarna

Upper Vaitarna

Lower Vaitarna

Middle Vaitarna

Pinjal

Gargai

Bhatsa

Ulhas

Kalu

Shai

MIDDLE VAITARNA

GARGAI

UPPER VAITARNA

LOWER VAITARNA

PINJAL

KALU

SHAI

BHATSA

TANSA

Mumbai Water Supply- Broad Features

• Mumbai’s Current Population : 13 million• Mumbai’s water supply : 3350 MLD• Non-revenue water : 20-25%• Domestic per capita water availability : 180 lpcd

(excluding 20% leakage & Ind./Com. Demand)• Avg. Hours of Supply : 2 to 4 hours

• The per capita water availability in some cities having 24X7 water supply:-• London : 150 lpcd• Singapore : 160 lpcd• Kuala Lumpur : 120 lpcd• Paris : 150 lpcd• Phnom-Penh : 45 lpcd

• Thus Mumbai has enough water to switch over from the present intermittent pattern to Continuous pattern of water supply provided:

1. Non revenue water is reduced significantly2. Customer Demand is managed (including wastage)3. Supply is augmented as per rising demand (new sources for future demand are created)

24X7 Water Supply- Myths & Realities

• 24X7 water supply is an achievable objective with proper technical & Managerial reforms.

• Myth:

The continuous water supply: Needs more water Expensive Is it necessary? Is it achievable?

• Truth:

The intermittent water supply Consumes more water. Requires huge capital investment & coping costs Associated with the water pollution & leakage management problems The system is never designed for intermittent supply Reduces the asset life

Intermittent System Consumes More Water

1. Consumer taps are usually kept open.

2. There is a tendency to store more water what is required.

3. The ‘STALE’ water is thrown to store ‘FRESH’ water.

4. High peak needs strong network and more capital investment.

5. Low pressures increases the coping cost of the consumer

6. Leak detection & management is difficult.

Benefits of 24 x 7 Water Supply

1. Improved public health through reduction of water pollution.

2. Better system: Demand management by efficient metering and rationalization of tariff

3. Better leak detection & control measures.4. Higher consumer satisfaction: willingness to pay more

and on time.5. Investments in the network can be optimised.6. Consumer can utilize his time more productively.7. Reduction in the coping cost on the consumers.8. The unregulated ground water exploitation and its

negative environmental impact prevented.9. Overall economic boost: Improved infrastructure attracts

Industry / Commerce.

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Major Water Sector Initiatives

Source Augmentation

Demand-side Management

Supply-side Management

Transition from Intermittent to 24X7 Water Supply

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Source Augmentation - Long Term Plan

In the year 1993, the Govt. of Maharashtra appointed an expert committee under the chairmanship of Dr M A Chitale (Ex-Secretary, Irrigation Dept) for advice on the long term planning for augmentation of water supply to Mumbai. The committee recommended development of following sources in phases

The GoM has accepted the Dr. Chitale Committee recommendations and has approved allotment of these sources. The MCGM has therefore taken up the Middle Vaitarna Project as an immediate additional source of water supply.Simultaneously feasibility of Gargai and Pinjal Projects is currently being studied and the report of the Consultants, M/s Mot Mcdonald & Co. in this regard is currently under scrutiny.

Sr. Source Basin YieldNo. [MLD]

1 Middle Vaitarna Vaitarna 455

2 Gargai Vaitarna 455

3 Pinjal Vaitarna 865

4 Kalu Ulhas 590

Demand Supply Scenario

2001

2011

2021

121.94 lakhs

152.99 lakhs

163.8 lakhs

Source: Dr. Chitale Committee Report

44502980

5300

38005010

5120

Demand in Mld

Supply in Mld

Present Supply 3350 Mld

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Source AugmentationIII A Mumbai Water Supply Project

• Project based on Bhatsa Dam

• Original cost: Rs. 667 cr;

• Revised estimate: Rs.739 cr

• Earlier scheduled for completion in 2009, this project is fully commissioned in May 2007, giving 355 mld of additional water to Mumbai

• Present allocation of 355 mld water for the project has been renewed for 5 more yrs after 2007.

• Additional allocation of 300 mld okayed for Mumbai from Bhatsa Dam for five years till Middle Vaitarna Project is completed.

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Project is based on a new dam to be constructed between Upper Vaitarna dam and Modak Sagar

Environmental Clearance along with permission for diversion of 634 ha of forest land received from the Ministry of Environment & Forest, Govt. of India

Detailed estimates of all the components of the scheme prepared through Consultants.

Tenders invited for most of the components of the Project Agency fixed for the Tunnel & Pipeline components

The work on the Project expected to start in Oct 2007. Rehabilitation Plan for the 43 Project Affected Persons

has been submitted to the District Rehabilitation Officer Thane for implementation after securing approval of the State Rehabilitation Authority

Approved Project Cost: Rs.1,329.50 crore

Proposal for financing under JNNURM cleared in February ’07 by the Government of India.1st installment of grant released.

Middle Vaitarna Water Supply Project

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Middle Vaitarna Project Financing

MCGM share, (50%)

Rs.664.75 Crores,

Share of State Gov.(15%) Rs.199.43

Crores,

Share of GoI under

JNNURM (35%)

Rs.465.32 Crores

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Demand/Supply Side Initiatives

Apart from source augmentation, the Corporation is also taking a number of

measures on both, the Demand side as well as the Supply side to ensure greater efficiency and consumer satisfaction.

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Demand Side initiatives

• Universal metering is being introduced to enable the citizens pay as per their consumption

Expressions of Interest have been called for short-listing one or more agencies for supply, installation, operation/maintenance & reading of water meters throughout Mumbai. The agency will be appointed by the end of November 2007.

• Telescopic Rates to encourage conservation of water are proposed to be introduced after installation of meters on the connections to domestic consumers of planned buildings

• Proposed Tariff Structure is as under :• Upto 150 lpcd One time• 150 to 200 lpcd Two times• 200 to 250 lpcd Three times • 250 lpcd & above Four times• Proposal is under consideration at the level of the Group Leaders and the Standing

Committee.

• Prepaid water meters- water connections with prepaid meters are proposed to be given to the inhabitants of unauthorised slums & structures so as to avoid stealing of water & tampering of the watermains and thereby cut down the wasteful use of water.

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Supply Side initiativesComprehensive Water Supply Distribution Improvement Programme is being taken up under the guidance of a reputed Consultant, broadly along the following lines -

Water Distribution Management & NRW Reduction: 1. Digital mapping of the utility on GIS compatible base maps.2. Hydraulic modeling of the entire network.3. Hydraulic model of DMA, each comprising about 1000

connections.4. 100% Consumer metering, Bulk metering and District

Metering set-up. 5. Water balance and estimation of NRW/UFW 6. Leakage detection, Repairs / Rehabilitation / Replacement

plan7. Water balance. If NRW within limits, implement 24X7

supply8. Introduce pressure regulating devices for equitable

distribution 9. Introduce / upgrade Distribution management tool ‘SCADA’

IMPROVEMENT IN PRIMARY NETWORK

• A massive programme for replacement of Tansa Water main is proposed to be undertaken from Gundavali to Tansa due to ageing of old pipes.

• Replacing Tansa and Vaitarna Mains between Gundavali and Bhandup Complex by 5500 mm dia. Tunnel for a length of 15 Kms.

• DPRs of these projects are under preparation and would be submitted to GoI for availing financial assistance under the JNNURM.

Improvement in Secondary Network

A major programme has been taken up for replacement of Trunk mains / Inlets / Outlets by Tunnels due to aging of pipe lines, and to avoid leakages -

(i) Replacing Tansa and Vaitarna Mains between Maroshi and Ruparel by 3000mm dia. Tunel for a length of 12 Kms.

(ii) Replacing of Outlets of Malbar Hill Reservoir between Malabar Hill and Cross Maidan by 2200mm dia. Tunnel for a length of 3.6 Kms.

(iii) Replacing of Outlets of Veravali Hill Reservoir between Veravali Hill and Yari Road by 2200mm dia. Tunnel for a length of 6.1 Kms.

TUNNEL FROM MAROSHI TO RUPAREL COLLEGE

TUNNEL - SHAFT EXCAVATION

(Photographs from earlier works)

TBM CUTTER HEAD-FRONT VIEW

STEEL LINER PLATES BEING FIXED

Steel Liners

LOOSE ROCK FALL ON TBM FRONT PORTION.

REINFORCEMENT BEING PLACED FOR TUNNEL LINING

RCC LINED TUNNEL WITH WATER FOR CURING

2200mm

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Replacement and Rehabilitation of old pipelines

A major programme costing Rs. 356 Crore, to be implemented over two years, has been drawn up for replacement/rehabilitation of old pipelines to reduce leakages and possibility of contamination. DPR of Rs. 253.47 Crore is prepared and submitted to the GOI for availing financial assistance under the JNNURM.

 Year

Pipelines

2006-07

length

2007-08

length

Total

length

Replacement 221 Km 103 Km 324 Km

Rehabilitation 196 Km 94 Km 290 Km

Total 417 Km 197 Km 614 Km

Expenditure (Rs. Crores)

150 206 356

Improvement in Secondary Network

Improvement in Tertiary Network

• In order to reduce leakages and consequent contamination, the tertiary network is being replaced / rehabilitated wherever necessary, under Expert guidance. Zonal contractors are being appointed for carrying out the work as suggested by the Consultant for which a proposal to appoint contractors in six zones of Mumbai has been submitted to the Standing Committee.

• Tender process for appointing a reputed Consultant for Comprehensive Water Supply Distribution Improvement Programme is currently going on.

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Energy Audit

A reputed agency has been appointed for carrying out energy audit of the complete system and major pumping stations in water supply sector in order to identify areas where energy can be saved.The Audit Report is submitted in the month of February ’07 and the recommendations are being implemented

Supply Side Management:

Reduction of Operational Costs