municipal open access networks
DESCRIPTION
Provides and overview and value of municipal open-access broadband networks.(c) Inphotonics ResearchTRANSCRIPT
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Opportunity & Choice for Broadband Networks
Open Access Broadband Infrastructure for 21st Century Vitality
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WHY?
Why should we care about municipal open-access broadband networks?
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OECD Broadband Subscriptions Per Capita
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40Fixed wireless and SatelliteOther Fibre/LAN CableDSL
Source: OECD
OECD Fixed (incl. fixed wireless and satellite) broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants, by technology,June 2010
OECD average
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Broadband Quality Score
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It’s About Being Local
Broadband services create economic vitality
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Broadband Services Create Economic Vitality
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Additional Local Benefits
• Education• Health Care• Energy Conservation• Public Safety• Government Services
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What Does It Mean to Me?
• Price• Choice
Competition
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Broadband Availability in U.S.• Percentage of households that meet
goals of National Broadband Plan• Over 14 million people do not have
access to at least one provider that meets National Broadband Plan
• Number of households that are considered underserved
Credit: FCC @ broadband.gov
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Why Don’t People Have Broadband? Cost – 36% cite a reason pertaining to this:
15% specifically point to monthly fee for service10% say they cannot afford a computer9% activation fee/reluctance to enter into long-term contract
Digital literacy – 22% of non-adopters:12% say lack of comfort with computers10% cite hazards of online life (e.g., worries of “bad things that can
happen” online) Relevance – 19% of non-adopters:
Content with current dial-up service/don’t need more speed (5%)Believe internet is a waste of time (5%)Nothing they want to see online (4%)Don’t use internet much (4%)
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Topics
• Why Municipal Broadband?• What Is Municipal Broadband?• Who Is It For?• How Is It Delivered?• Why Isn’t It Taking Off?
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What Is Municipal Open-Access Broadband?• Municipal=Last Mile Network• Open-Access=Equal Access for Any
Service Provider• Broadband100 Mbit/s
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Network Anatomy
TransportNetwork
PartnerCarrier
Metro /Access
Metro /Access
Voice &Video Ops
or MSC/BSC
CO
Adva
nced
Cor
rela
tion
&An
alys
is
L7…
L1L2L3L4
Layer Coverage
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Let The Carriers Build It!• Last-mile networks are the most expensive portion of the network to
deploy• Single purpose last-mile networks are not as economical as multi-tenant
networks• Incumbent service providers are not driving broadband penetration in
underserved and un-served markets– Lack of competition– Lack of choice– Growth stagnates
• Service providers understand the concept of divorcing the network from the service
– Network Service
• Profitability is not achieved in time-frame suitable for public companies• There is not a one size fits all approach
– National Broadband Plan is guideline only– Building infrastructure is a local issue
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Cost of Last Mile Access
• $850 per home passed• $2,125 cost-to-pass per subscriber• $3,225 total investment per subscriber
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Network vs. ServicesManagementLevel
Service/Application Level
Transport Level
Business & Operation Support Systems Billing Provisioning Maintenance Operations
Services Voice (VoIP) Data (Internet, LAN, MAN, & LAN) Video (IP-TV, RFoG) Mobility
Infrastructure & Transport Fiber & Ducts Optical (WDM, PON, Optical Ethernet) Wireless (LTE, GSM, CDMA, Pt-Pt Microwave) Redundant Paths for High Availability
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Who Is The Network For?• Stakeholders
– Government– Education– Health Care– Business– Community
• Service Providers– Business Providers– Residential
Providers– Mobility Providers– Incumbent
Providers
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Business Service Providers• AT&T Business• Cogent Communications• Covad Communications• Cox Communications• Front Range Internet
(FRII)• Global Crossing• Integra Telecom• IP5280• Level 3 Communications
• PAETEC• Qwest Business• Reliance Globalcomm• TDS Telecom• tw Telecom• Verizon Business• Virtela• XO Communications• Zayo Enterprise Services
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Residential Service Providers
• AT&T• AT&T Wireless• Front Range Internet
(FRII)• Fuzecore• IDT• Liberty Media• Mstar
• Prime Time Communications
• Sage Telecom• Sprint• TDS Telecom• T-Mobile• Verizon Wireless• Virtela• Vonage
These are non-incumbent service providers that offer a combination of voice, video, data, and wireless services in other communities.
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Personal Applications• Voice communications/telephony• Teleconferencing• Video Calling• Instant Messaging/Status• Geolocation• Social Networking• Gaming• Blogging• Personal Web Sites• Shopping• Reading• Music: Listening & Purchasing• Music Composition & Recording• Mobility in Applications
• Broadcast Video• Time-Shifted Video• Video on Demand/Movies• Live Events• Photo & Video Sharing• E-Mail• Podcasting/Video Casting• Banking, Investing & Personal
Finances• Hobbies• Travel Planning• Healthcare• Energy Management• Security• Education
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High Bandwidth Personal Applications
• Massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG)
• High Definition Video on Demand• Energy Management• Security
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Business Applications• Voice Communications/telephony• Voice Conferencing• Video Conferencing/Telepresence• Webinars• E-Mail• IM/Status• Financial Transactions• Business-to-Business Transactions• Marketing• Social Media• Investor Relations• Surveys• Data Storage & Retention• Government Compliance• Customer Relationship Management• Manufacturing Resource Planning
• 2D & 3D Modeling/Supercomputing• Security• Telemedicine• Product Development/Design• Multi-location Communications• Design Transfer to Manufacturing• B2B & B2C Sales• Customer Support/Call Center• Literature Distribution• Claims Adjustment• 2D & 3D Modeling• Animation• Video Distribution• Travel Planning• Expense Reporting• Public Relations
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High Bandwidth Business Applications
• Video Conferencing/Telepresence• Climate & Geo-modeling• Telemedicine• Video Production & Animation• Design Transfer to Manufacturing• Equities & Commodities Trading
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Fit the Network to the Community’s Needs
• Fiber, Wavelength, Bandwidth, or all
• Wireline vs. Wireless
• Partitioning• PON or Active
Ethernet
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Fiber
Ethernet Access•Offer a standard interface•Reduce complexity•Reduce cost•Easier service adaptation•Allow multiple vendors
QoS at Layer 3•Once access pipe size is determined, QoS can be controlled at each end•Eliminate QoS complexity in the access
Copper
OLTDirect Fiber
ADSL, G.shdsl, EFM Long reach
ADSL2+, VDSL, EFM Short reach
GPON
HDSL
Wireless /SatelliteWireless
QoSQoS
IP / PPPoE / Ethernet
ACCESSEthernet Non-Blocking (Engineered)
Ethernet Ethernet CPE /Home
Gateway
BRAS / PE
Ethernet/ MPLS
IPAppli-
cations
EdgeCore UserAccess
“Plug and Play” Ethernet Network
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OLT
FiberBPO
N
Max 32 way split (may be cascaded)
•Typically: 622 Mbps/155 Mbps (down/up)•ATM-based transport
LU #1
LU #N, N ≤32
20 km Maximum Reach20 km ONU differential range
B-PONSplitterITU-T G.983.x
TXR
ONT
Network optical transceiver (TXR) shared by “N” subscribers
TDM PON Architecture and Technologies
EPO
N
Fiber
• 1250 Mbps/1250 Mbps (~850 Mbps effective payload rate)
• Ethernet-based transportLU #1
LU #N, N ≤32E-PON
Max 32 way split (16-way specified in standard)
Splitter1000BASE-PX20 per IEEE 802.3ah
TXRLU #N, N ≤32
ONT
*OLT implementations may not necessarily support all PON technologies indicated
GPO
N
TXRFiber
Max 64 way split (constrained by PMD attenuation
limits)• Typically: 2488/1244 Mbps• GFP-like transports (Ethernet, and/or TDM)
LU #1
LU #N, N ≤64G-PONSplitterITU-T G.984.x
ONT
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Example of WDM-PON
Colorless ONTs: Transmitter and receiver front-end filter characteristics are wavelength adaptable
* “Fixed” optics might be a cost reduced version of convention DWDM long-haul optics NOTE: Most believe adaptable optics will be required for a practical WDM-PON system
Access Node
SNI
Wavelength Splitter
1 to N ls on Single Fiber
Wavelength selection here
Dedicated 1 l pair
Dedicated 2 l pair
ONTBitrate 1
ONTBitrate 2
Feeder Fiber Fixed* or adaptable optics
Power Splitter
TDMA ONT(Fixed Optics)
TDMA ONT(Fixed Optics)Power
Splitter
Hybrid WDM-PON example
OLT
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Intelligent Network Build-Out• Sophisticated planning tool to model network expansion based on existing facilities,
anchor tenants, and interested customers• Model new facilities in minutes with fiber and wireless transport• Quote tail circuits in hours instead of days
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Business Model—Public/Private PartnershipMunicipality• Finances the project• Owns title to infrastructure• Access to right-of-ways• Sets codes and ordinances based
on best practices• Sets pricing for non-discriminatory
access to infrastructure• Interconnection at point-of-
presence (POP) for service providers
• All franchise agreements still valid
Network Operator• Local entity contracts to Network
Operator to intelligently build-out and manage last-mile infrastructure
– Planning and construction– Best practices– Pricing & billing for city– Order management– Service activation– Monitoring & maintenance
• Operator acts as agent for entity to lease/sell last-mile access to residential and business service providers
Assist local entity to plan, build, operate, and sell capacity on open-access, last-mile, fiber-based broadband networks owned by municipality
• Most small cities do not have the expertise to complete such a project• A single community does not offer economies of scale to attract business and residential service providers
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Impediments
• Financial• Legal• Incumbents• Taxpayers
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Competition• Incumbent service providers: telephone and cable
companies (PMO)• Wireless service providers: Verizon Wireless, AT&T
Wireless, Sprint, T-Mobile USA• Satellite service providers: DISH/EchoStar,
DirectTV, HughesNet, WildBlue
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The Future of Open-Access Muni Networks
• Choice• Economical• Societal Benefits• Economic Vitality
A proven business model that will increase broadband penetration in un-
served and underserved areas.
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