muscles of the forearm
DESCRIPTION
Muscles of the Forearm. Dr.Nivin Sharaf MD. Objectives. - Describe the function of the muscles in the anterior and posterior compartment of the forearm . - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Muscles of the Forearm
Dr.Nivin Sharaf MD
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Objectives
• -Describe the function of the muscles in the anterior and posterior compartment of the forearm.
• -Name and identify the muscles in the anterior (flexor/pronator) and posterior (extensor/supinator) compartments of the forearm, noting their relations.
• -Name and identify the neurovascular structures in the anterior) and posterior compartments of the forearm, noting their relations.
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Functional organization of Anterior and posterior forearm.
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Names of the Muscles of forearm
• Many of them• Long names: good guide to location and function• Location: ie. superficial / deep
radial / ulnar(which side is the thumb on??)
• Function: ie. flexor / extensor adductor / abductor
• Does it act on the thumb (pollux) or the fingers (digits)?
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Functional Organization
• Anterior compartment – flexor / pronator• Posterior Compartment – extensor /
supinator• Flex the wrist ………[flexor]• Extend the wrist ……..[extensor]• Pronate the forearm ……..[pronator]• Acting on wrist (carpus) only ……[carpi]• Acting on fingers ……..[digiti / digitorum]• Acting on thumb (pollux) ……[pollicus]
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Flexion / Extension at the wrist joint.
Flexion
Extension
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Adduction / abduction at the wrist joint.
Ad-duction Ab-duction
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Movements of fingers.
MCP (condyloid jts):flexion / extensionabduction / adduction
IP (hinge jts): flexion / extension
XX
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Movements of the thumb – a specialized digit, occur atright angles to the fingers. Mainly at the CMC (saddle) jt.
MCP – condyloid; IP – hinge (like fingers).
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Muscles of
Forearm
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Anterior forearm:Flexor / pronator Compartment.
Superficial:common flexor origin - pronator teres - flexor carpi radialis- palmaris longus - flexor digitorum superficialis, - flexor carpi ulnaris
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Functional organization:
Only flex at the wrist.
- Flexor carpi radialis- Palmaris longus- Flexor carpi ulnaris
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Muscles of the Forearm
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Anterior Fore Arm
PassFailPassFail
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Ant Fore armWrist FlexorsFCU+FCRFDSFDPPL
Wrist AddFCU
Wrist AbdFCR
Nerve Supply
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Post. ForearmSuperficial disection
Nerve Supply
Radial Nerve
Anatomical snuff box
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Post. Forearm
A:Extensor DigitorumB:Extensor Carpi UlnarisC:Brachio RadialisD:Biceps BrachiiE:TricepsF:Extensor Retinaculum
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Anconeus
Muscles of the Forearm Post View
Origin :Lateral epicondyle of humerus Insertion Lateral surface of olecranon andsuperior part of posterior surface of ulna Action Assists triceps in extending forearm;stabilizes elbow joint; abducts ulna during pronation Innervation Radial nerve (C7, C8 and T1)
Radial nerve innervates the BEST. Brachioradialis Extensors Supinator Triceps
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Deep posterior compartment.
- abductor pollicis longus - extensor pollicis brevis - extensor pollicis longus - extensor indicis- supinator
Functional organization:- extend hand at wrist - extend / abduct thumb - extend index finger- supinate
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Deep Dissection Forearm
PostAnt
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Quiz
12. Pronator Teres13. Flexor carpi radialis:14. Flexor Digitorum:15. Extensor carpi ulnaris:16. Extensor digitorum:17. Extensor carpi radialis:
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Rotators of the Radius
Supinator
Pronators
Biceps Brachii
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Pronation / Supination:
Occurs at radio-ulnar jts.Proximal:Head of radiusarticulates with radial notch of ulna (pivot jt). It is held in place by the annular ligament.
Distal – Radius pivots around the fixed distal end of ulna (pivot jt).
Radio-ulnar articulation is stabilized by interosseus membrane.
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• Common Extensor Origin
• Common Extensor Origin
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Course of radial and ulnar arteries in forearm
Axillary vein: continuation of basilic vein
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Neurovasculature (deep).
Lateral: - radial artery - radial nerve
Midline: - median nerve- anterior interosseus a. - anterior interosseus n.(deep branch of median)
Medial: - ulnar artery(gives off common interosseus artery divides into anterior and posterior branches)- ulner nerve
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Neurovasculature.
Radial nerve and its branches supplyall muscles in posterior compartment, including brachioradialis (!).
- superficial radial nerve- deep radial nerve - posterior interosseus nerve.
Posterior interosseus artery runs between superficial and deep muscles
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Neurovasculature.
Lateral: radial arteryradial nerve
Midline: median nerve[supplies all muscles except flexor carpi ulnaris and medial half of flexor digitorum profundous]
Medial: ulnar arteryulnar nerve
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• Medial ½ of FDP• FCU• All hand muscles except
11/2 muscle groups(lateral 2 lumbricals and thenar muscles )
Ulnar Nerve
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References
• Grey’s Anatomy• Netter• Keith Moore• www.maestro.uottawa.ca
• Recommended reading:• Clinically Oriented Anatomy,6th edition Keith Moore• Pages:744-771
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Thank you!