musculoskeletal flash cards upper limb prepared by: feng-yen li supervised by: kim topp
TRANSCRIPT
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Musculoskeletal Flash CardsUpper Limb
Prepared by: Feng-Yen LiSupervised by: Kim Topp
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IntroductionUseful tips for usage:1. These flashcards are meant to help you learn the movements
of the muscles. They are most useful when you see how the movements makes sense in relation to the origin and insertion points.
2. For exam purposes, you only need to know (memorize) the action, innervation, and arterial supply of each muscle. But Italicized = do not need to know for exam.
3. The purple slides are summary slides (if applicable) of subsequent muscles. Use these to learn the common properties of groups of muscles.
4. Information about each muscle is also listed in the notes section under each picture slide.
5. The titles in table of contents are hyperlinked its slide, but you need to go into presentation mode to use the hyperlinks.
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Acknowledgements
Special thanks go to: Kim Topp for reviewing all the slides for validity. Daniel Orjuela and Paul Teresi for taking the
cadaver pictures. UCSF 2006 Curriculum Ambassador Program
for funding this project. UCSF 2006 Curriculum Ambassadors and
Mentors for offering useful suggestions. Members of the UCSF Class of 2009 for inspiring
and supporting me to do this project.
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Useful Websites
Here are other useful sites to learn the muscles:
http://www.rad.washington.edu/atlas/ (shows each muscle in isolation)
http://www.ithaca.edu/faculty/lahr/LE2000/LE_index.html
(has many nicely labeled cadaver pictures)
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Table of Contents
Anterior ArmCoracobrachialisBiceps BrachiiBrachialis
Posterior ArmTriceps Brachii
Anterior ForearmSuperficial Muscles
Pronator TeresFlexor Carpi RadialisFlexor Carpi UlnarisFlexor Digitorum SuperficialisPalmaris Longis
Deep MusclesFlexor Digitorum ProfundusFlexor Pollicis LongusPronator Quadratus
Posterior Forearm Superficial Muscles
Extensor DigitorumExtensor Carpi UlnarisExtensor Carpi Radialis LongusExtensor Carpi Radialis BrevisBrachioradialis
Deep MusclesAbductor Pollicis LongusExtensor Pollicis LongusExtensor IndicisSupinator
The HandThenar EminenceHypothenar EminenceAdductor PollicisPalmar InterosseiDorsal Interossei
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Anterior Arm• Action Flex the forearm at elbow joint (except
coracobrachialis)• Innervation Musculocutaneous nerve• Arterial Supply Muscular branches of brachial
artery
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Coracobrachialis
Origin
Insertion
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Coracobrachialis• Origin coracoid process • Insertion Humerus• Action flex and adduct arm • Innervation Musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6
and C7) • Arterial Supply Muscular branches of brachial
artery
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Biceps BrachiiOrigin
Insertion
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Biceps Brachii• Origin
– Short head: tip of coracoid process of scapula– Long head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
• Insertion Radius• Action Supinates + flexes (when supine) forearm • Innervation Musculocutaneous nerve (C5 and C6 ) • Arterial Supply Muscular branches of brachial
artery
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Brachialis
Origin
Insertion
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Brachialis• Origin Humerus• Insertion Ulna• Action Major flexor of forearm • Innervation Musculocutaneous nerve (C5
and C6) • Arterial Supply Muscular branches of
brachial artery, recurrent radial artery
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Posterior Arm• Action Extend the forearm at elbow joint• Innervation Radial nerve• Arterial Supply Branches of deep brachial artery
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Triceps Brachii
Origin
Insertion
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Triceps Brachii• Origin
– Long head: scapula– Medial + Lateral heads: posterior surface of
humerus• Insertion Olecranon process of ulna • Action Chief extensor of forearm• Innervation Radial nerve (C6, C7 and C8) • Arterial Supply Branches of deep brachial artery
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Anterior Forearm• Action Pronate the forearm, flex the wrist, and flex
the digits• Innervation Median and ulnar nerves
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Superficial Muscles
• Origin Medial epicondyle• Innervation Median nerves (except flexor carpi
ulnaris)• Artery Supply Ulna artery (except flexor carpi
radialis)
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Pronator TeresOrigin
Insertion
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Pronator Teres• Origin Mainly medial epicondyle of humerus• Insertion Radius• Action Pronates and flexes forearm • Innervation Median nerve (C6 and C7) • Arterial Supply Ulnar artery
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Flexor Carpi Radialis
Origin
Insertion
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Flexor Carpi Radialis• Origin Mainly medial epicondyle of humerus• Insertion 2nd metacarpal• Action Flexes the wrist• Innervation Median nerve (C6 and C7) • Arterial Supply Radial artery
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Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
Origin
Insertion
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Flexor Carpi Ulnaris• Origin Mainly medial epicondyle of humerus• Insertion Pisiform bone, hamate bone, + 5th
metacarpal • Action Flexes the wrist• Innervation Ulnar nerve (C6 and C7) • Arterial Supply Ulnar artery
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Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
Origin
Insertion
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Flexor Digitorum Superficialis• Origin Medial epicondyle, radius, ulna• Insertion middle phalanges of digits 2 – 5• Action Flexes digits 2-5 (not at distal
interphalangeal joint)• Innervation Median nerve (C7, C8 and T1) • Arterial Supply Ulnar artery
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Palmaris Longus
Origin
Insertion
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Palmaris Longus• Origin Medial epicondyle, radius, ulna• Insertion Distal half of flexor retinaculum and
palmar aponeurosis • Action Flexes wrist• Innervation Median nerve (C7, C8 and T1) • Arterial Supply Ulnar artery
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Deep Muscles
• Origin Radius and Ulna• Innervation Mostly median nerve (C8 and T1) • Artery Supply Mostly anterior interosseous artery
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Flexor Digitorum Profundus
Origin
Insertion
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Flexor Digitorum Profundus• Origin Ulna• Insertion distal phalanx of digits 2 - 5 • Action Flexes phalanges 2-5 at distal
interphalangeal joint• Innervation
– Medial part: ulnar nerve (C8 and T1)– Lateral part: median nerve (C8 and T1)
• Arterial Supply Ulnar and anterior interosseous arteries
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Flexor Pollicis Longus
Origin
Insertion
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Flexor Pollicis Longus• Origin Radius• Insertion distal phalanx of thumb • Action Flexes thumb• Innervation Median nerve (C8 and T1) • Arterial Supply Anterior interosseous artery
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Pronator Quadratus
OriginInsertion
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Pronator Quadratus• Origin Ulna• Insertion Radius • Action Pronates forearm• Innervation Median nerve (C8 and T1) • Arterial Supply Anterior interosseous
artery
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Posterior Forearm• Action Supinate the forearm, extend the wrist, and
extend the digits • Innervation Radial nerve
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Superficial Muscles
• Origin Lateral epicondyle or humerus• Innervation Mostly radial nerve • Artery Supply Mostly Radial artery
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Extensor Digitorum
Origin
Insertion
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Extensor Digitorum• Origin Lateral epicondyle• Insertion Extensor expansions of digits 2-5 • Action Extends metacarpophalangeal joints +
wrist joint • Innervation Posterior interosseous nerve (C7
and C8), deep branch of the radial nerve • Arterial Supply Posterior interosseous arteries
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Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
Origin
Insertion
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Extensor Carpi Ulnaris• Origin Lateral epicondyle• Insertion 5th metacarpal • Action Extends and adducts wrist joint • Innervation Posterior interosseous nerve (C7 and
C8); deep branch of the radial nerve • Arterial Supply Ulnar artery
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Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
Origin
Insertion
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• Origin Humerus• Insertion 2nd metacarpal • Action Extends hand at wrist joint • Innervation Radial nerve (C6 and C7) • Arterial Supply Radial artery
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
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Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
Origin
Insertion
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• Origin Lateral epicondyle• Insertion 3rd metacarpal • Action Extends hand at wrist joint • Innervation Deep branch of radial nerve
(C7 and C8) • Arterial Supply Radial artery
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
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Brachioradialis
Origin
Insertion
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Brachioradialis• Origin Humerus• Insertion Radius • Action Flexes forearm • Innervation Radial nerve (C5, C6 and C7) • Arterial Supply Radial recurrent artery
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Deep Muscles
• Origin Ulna and interosseous membrane between radius and ulna
• Innervation Mostly deep branch of radial nerve • Artery Supply (posterior) interosseous artery
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Abductor Pollicis Longus
Origin
Insertion
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Abductor Pollicis Longus
• Origin Ulna• Insertion 1st metacarpal • Action Abducts thumb • Innervation Posterior interosseous nerve (C7
and C8), deep branch of the radial nerve • Arterial Supply Posterior interosseous artery
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Extensor Pollicis Longus
Origin
Insertion
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Extensor Pollicis Longus• Origin Ulna• Insertion Distal phalanx of thumb • Action Extends thumb • Innervation Posterior interosseous nerve (C7
and C8), deep branch of the radial nerve • Arterial Supply Posterior interosseous artery
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Extensor Indicis
OriginInsertion
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Extensor Indicis• Origin Ulna• Insertion 2nd digit • Action Extends 2nd digit • Innervation Posterior interosseous nerve (C7
and C8), deep branch of the radial nerve • Arterial Supply Posterior interosseous artery
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Supinator
Origin
Insertion
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Supinator• Origin Lateral epicondyle, ulna• Insertion Radius• Action Supinates forearm• Innervation Deep branch of radial nerve
(C5, C6) • Arterial Supply Recurrent interosseous
artery
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The Hand• Innervation Mostly ulnar nerve (except thenar
eminence)• Palmar Aponeurosis• Carpal Tunnel (Median nerve, Flexor digitorum
superficialis, Flexor digitorum profundus, Flexor pollicis longus; transverse carpal ligament)
• Osseofibrous tunnels • Extensor expansion
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Thenar Eminence
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Thenar Eminence• Muscles Abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis
brevis, opponens pollicis• Action Abduct, flex, and oppose the thumb • Innervation Recurrent branches of median nerve
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Hypothenar Eminence
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Hypothenar Eminence• Muscles Abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi
brevis, opponens digiti minimi• Action Abduct, flex, and oppose the little finger • Innervation Ulnar nerve
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Adductor Pollicis
OriginInsertion
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Adductor Pollicis• Origin 3rd metacarpal• Insertion Proximal phalanx of thumb • Action Adducts thumb• Innervation Deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8
and T1) • Arterial Supply Deep palmar arterial arch
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Palmar Interossei
Origin
Insertion
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Palmar Interossei• Origin Palmar surfaces of 2nd, 4th and 5th
metacarpals• Insertion Proximal phalanges of digits 2, 4
and 5 • Action Adduct digits toward axial line along
3rd digit• Innervation Deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8
and T1) • Arterial Supply Palmar metacarpal arteries
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Dorsal Interossei
Origin
Insertion
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Dorsal Interossei• Origin Adjacent sides of two metacarpals • Insertion Proximal phalanges of digits 2, 3 and 4 • Action Abduct digits away from axial line along
3rd digit• Innervation Deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8 and
T1) • Arterial Supply Dorsal and palmar metacarpal
arteries