MUSLIMS CONTRIBUTION TO SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

The Topic:

The history of Europe typically divide the development of Western civilization

1) Greek period2) Roman period3) Early Middle Ages4) High Middle Ages5) Renaissance6) Industrial Revolution

and Twentieth century

During the Middle Ages:

Islamic scholars made advances in mathematics, medicine,

astronomy, engineering and many other fields…….

In medicine:• Muslim physicians contributed significantly to

the field of medicine.

• Al Razi: • emphasized clinical medicine

and diagnosis• identify and treat of smallpox• By alcohol as an anti septic.• medical authority in West up

to the 18th century.

Al Zohrawi:In Medical:1. Known as abulcasis in the west.2. Father of surgery.3. Instruments of surgery.4. 200 tools of surgery.5. Al-Tasrif was translated as The method of

medicine.6. Al-Tasrif translated into Latin.7. His discoveries are authentic in medical

science.

In Mathematical science:

Khayyam:1. Fundamental contribution to the philosophy

of mathematics.2. important works on geometry.3. Theory of proportion.4. Derived the general methodFor the cubic equation.

Also conic section.

In architectural:

• Muslims combined the technology of nature and art.

• Muslims made many masterpiece in architecture.

• They made many building. Some of them have very historical importance.

• Some master pieces are these….

1) Cordoba mosque

This mosque is in the Spain.This mosque has a great importance.

In this marble and granite is used.The main hall of the mosque is very large.

Pictures show the hall and the top view of this.

2) Taj mehal

The material for this was taken from all over the India and Asia.

More then 1000 elephant and 20000 workers was used.More then 2 million visitors come every year.

In chemistry:Gaber:He contributed a lot of in chemistry.He gave new ideas.Sulphuric acid.Father of chemistry.Aqua regia.

In Physics:

• Ibn-e-sina:• In mechanics:• Elaborated theory of motion.• He made a distinction between force of

projectile and inclination. In optics:he urged that light has some speed.

Closing:

• The Muslim world has contributed to science in a very large extent. They not only preserved, but also added to the achievements in medicine. They have fostered the flame of civilization, made it brighter, and handed it over to Europe in the best possible condition. Europe, in turn, passed it to the United States of America, and it will continue like that for the time to come.

Thanks….