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N-13 REV. J ENGLISH 08 / 2011

PROPERTY OF PETROBRAS 27 pages, Index of Revisions and WG

Technical Requirements for Paintwork

Procedure

This Standard replaces and cancels its previous revision.

The CONTEC - Authoring Subcommittee provides guidance on the interpretation of this Standard when questions arise regarding its contents. The Department of PETROBRAS that uses this Standard is responsible for adopting and applying the sections, subsections and enumerates thereof.

CONTEC Comissão de Normalização

Técnica

Technical Requirement: A provision established as the most adequate and which shall be used strictly in accordance with this Standard. If a decision is taken not to follow the requirement (“non-conformity” to this Standard) it shall be based on well-founded economic and management reasons, and be approved and registered by the Department of PETROBRAS that uses this Standard. It is characterized by imperative nature.

Recommended Practice: A provision that may be adopted under the conditions of this Standard, but which admits (and draws attention to) the possibility of there being a more adequate alternative (not written in this Standard) to the particular application. The alternative adopted shall be approved and registered by the Department of PETROBRAS that uses this Standard. It is characterized by verbs of a nonmandatory nature. It is indicated by the expression: [Recommended Practice].

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Copies of the registered “non-conformities” to this Standard that may contribute to the improvement thereof shall be submitted to the CONTEC - Authoring Subcommittee.

Proposed revisions to this Standard shall be submitted to the CONTEC - Authoring Subcommittee, indicating the alphanumeric identification and revision of the Standard, the section, subsection and enumerate to be revised, the proposed text, and technical/economic justification for revision. The proposals are evaluated during the work for alteration of this Standard.

Painting and Anticorrosive Coatings

“The present Standard is the exclusive property of PETRÓLEO BRASILEIRO S.A. - PETROBRAS, for internal use in the Company, and any reproduction for external use or disclosure, without previous and express authorization from the owner, will imply an unlawful act pursuant to the relevant legislation through which the applicable responsibilities shall be imputed. External circulation shall be regulated by a specific clause of Secrecy and Confidentiality pursuant to the terms of intellectual and industrial property law.”

Introduction

PETROBRAS Technical Standards are prepared by Working Groups - WG

(consisting specialized of Technical Collaborators from Company and its Subsidiaries), are commented by Company Units and its Subsidiaries, are approved by the Authoring Subcommittees - SCs (consisting of technicians from the same specialty, representing the various Company Units and

its Subsidiaries), and ratified by the Executive Nucleus (consisting of representatives of the Company Units and its Subsidiaries). A PETROBRAS Technical Standard is subject to revision at any time by its Authoring Subcommittee and shall be reviewed every 5 years to be revalidated, revised or cancelled.

PETROBRAS Technical Standards are prepared in accordance with PETROBRAS Technical Standard N-1. For complete information about PETROBRAS Technical Standards see PETROBRAS Technical Standards Catalog. .

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Sumary

Foreword.................................................................................................................................................. 4

1 Scope................................................................................................................................................... 4

2 Normative References......................................................................................................................... 4

3 Terms and Definitions.......................................................................................................................... 6

4 General Conditions.............................................................................................................................. 6

4.1 Paint Application Procedure of Executing Agent ................................................................... 6

4.2 Inspection Procedure ............................................................................................................. 6

4.3 Plan for Calibration Instruments............................................................................................. 7

4.5 Storage................................................................................................................................... 7

4.6 Shelf Life and Paint Revalidation Criteria .............................................................................. 7

4.7 Surface Preparation ................................................................................................................ 8

4.8 Mixing, Homogenization and Dilution of Paints...................................................................... 8

4.9 Paint Application..................................................................................................................... 9

5 Specific Conditions ............................................................................................................................ 12

5.1 Paints ................................................................................................................................... 12

5.1.1 Zinc-Rich Paints (PETROBRAS N-1277, N-1661, N-1841 and N-2231)..................... 12

5.1.2 Solvent-Free Epoxy Finish Paint (PETROBRAS N-2629, N-2680 and N-2912, Types II and III) .................................................................................................................................... 13

5.2 Application Process.............................................................................................................. 13

5.2.1 Air Less Gun ................................................................................................................ 13

5.2.2 Conventional Gun ........................................................................................................ 13

5.2.3 Brush............................................................................................................................ 14

5.2.4 Roller ............................................................................................................................ 14

6 Inspection .......................................................................................................................................... 15

6.1 Receipt of Paints and Thinners ............................................................................................ 15

6.2 Surface Preparation ............................................................................................................. 15

6.3 Roughness Profile ................................................................................................................ 16

6.4 Relative Humidity and Temperature..................................................................................... 16

6.5 Film....................................................................................................................................... 16

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6.6 Adhesion .............................................................................................................................. 16

6.6.1 General Criteria............................................................................................................ 16

6.6.2 Description of Tests ..................................................................................................... 17

6.7 Wet Film Thickness (WFT)................................................................................................... 18

6.8 Dry Film Thickness (DFT) .................................................................................................... 18

6.9 Holidays................................................................................................................................ 19

7 Acceptance and Rejection Criteria .................................................................................................... 19

7.1 Recept of Paints and Thinners............................................................................................. 19

7.2 Surface Preparation ............................................................................................................. 19

7.3 Relative Humidity and Temperature..................................................................................... 19

7.4 Film....................................................................................................................................... 19

7.5 Adhesion .............................................................................................................................. 19

7.5.1 “X” Test and Cross-Hatch Adhesion Test .................................................................... 19

7.5.2 Pull-off test ................................................................................................................... 20

Figure 1 - Types of Adhesion Failure .................................................................................................... 20

7.6 Wet Film Thickness (WFT)................................................................................................... 21

7.7 Dry Film Thickness (DFT) .................................................................................................... 21

7.8 Holidays................................................................................................................................ 21

8 Safety................................................................................................................................................. 21

Annex A - Table..................................................................................................................................... 23

Figure

Figure 1 - Types of Adhesion Failure .................................................................................................... 20

Table

Table A.1 - Acceptance Criteria for Pull-Off Test .................................................................................. 23

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Foreword This Standard is the English version (issued in 08/2011) of PETROBRAS N-13 REV. J 08/2011. In case of doubt, the Portuguese version, which is the valid document for all intents and purposes, shall be used. 1 Scope 1.1 This Standard settles the conditions required for application and quality control of paint systems for industrial equipment (see PETROBRAS N-2), piping systems (see PETROBRAS N-442 and N-2631), painting of galvanized surfaces, ferrous and nonferrous alloys, composite and polymeric materials (see PETROBRAS N-1021), offshore exploration and production units (see PETROBRAS N-1374) steel structures (see PETROBRAS N-1550), vessels (see PETROBRAS N-1192), machinery, electrical equipment, and instruments (see PETROBRAS N-1735), water pipelines (see PETROBRAS N-1849), painting of equipment submerged in seawater (see PETROBRAS N-2037), galvanized tower (see PETROBRAS N-2441), tanks, spheres and cylinders (see PETROBRAS N-2913). 1.2 This Standard also covers conditions for storage and receiving of paints, thinners and safety requirements. 1.3 This Standard is to be applied to procedures started from its issue date. 1.4 This Standard contains Technical Requirements and Recommended Practices. 2 Normative References The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document applies.

PETROBRAS N-2 - Industrial Equipment Paintwork; PETROBRAS N-9 - Treatment of Steel Surfaces by Abrasive Blasting and Water Jetting; PETROBRAS N-442 - External Painting of Piping for Onshore Facilities; PETROBRAS N-1021 - Pintura de Superfícies Galvanizadas, Ligas Ferrosas e Não Ferrosas, Materiais Compósitos e Poliméricos; PETROBRAS N-1192 - Pintura de Embarcações; PETROBRAS N-1202 - Iron Oxide-Epoxy Paint; PETROBRAS N-1277 - Polyamide Zinc Epoxy Base Paint; PETROBRAS N-1288 - Inspeção de Recebimento de Recipientes Fechados; PETROBRAS N-1374 - Anticorrosive Coatings for Offshore Exploration and Production Units; PETROBRAS N-1514 – High-Temperature Indicating Paint; PETROBRAS N-1550 - Metallic Structure Painting; PETROBRAS N-1661 - Zinc Ethyl Silicate Paint; PETROBRAS N-1735 - Painting of Electrical Equipment, Machines, and Instruments; PETROBRAS N-1841 - “Shop Primer” de Zinco Etil-Silicato;


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PETROBRAS N-1849 - Internal Painting of Water Pipelines; PETROBRAS N-2037 - Painting of Equipment Submerged in Seawater; PETROBRAS N-2137 - Determinação de Descontinuidade em Película Seca de Tinta; PETROBRAS N-2198 - Epoxy-Isocyanate-Iron Oxide Adherence Paint; PETROBRAS N-2231 - Paint of Ethyl-Silicate of Zinc -Aluminum; PETROBRAS N-2288 - Tinta de Fundo Epóxi Pigmentada com Alumínio; PETROBRAS N-2441 - Pintura para Torre Galvanizada; PETROBRAS N-2492 - Esmalte Sintético Brilhante; PETROBRAS N-2628 - High Thickness Epoxy Polyamide Paint; PETROBRAS N-2629 - Solvent-Free Epoxy Finish Paint; PETROBRAS N-2630 - High Thickness Epoxy Zinc Phosphate Paint; PETROBRAS N-2631 - Pintura Interna de Tubulações; PETROBRAS N-2677 - Polyurethane Acrylic Paint; PETROBRAS N-2680 - Surface Tolerant Solvent Free Epoxy Paint For Wet Surfaces; PETROBRAS N-2843 - Internal Paint Coating of Pipes for Transporting Non Corrosive Natural Gas; PETROBRAS N-2851 - Tinta Epóxi Modificada Isenta de Alcatrão de Hulha; PETROBRAS N-2912 – Tinta Epóxi “Novolac”; PETROBRAS N-2913 - Revestimentos Anticorrosivos para Tanque, Esfera e Cilindro de Armazenamento; ABNT NBR 10443 - Tintas e Vernizes - Determinação da Espessura da Película Seca sobre Superfícies Rugosas - Método de Ensaio; ABNT NBR 11003 - Tintas - Determinação de Aderência; ABNT NBR 12311 - Segurança no Trabalho de Pintura - Procedimento; ABNT NBR 14847 - Inspeção de Serviços de Pintura em Superfícies Metálicas; ABNT NBR 15156 - Pintura Industrial - Terminologia; ABNT NBR 15158 - Limpeza de Superfície de Aço por Compostos Químicos; ABNT NBR 15185 - Inspeção de Superfícies para Pintura Industrial; ABNT NBR 15218 - Critérios para qualificação e certificação de inspetores de pintura industrial; ABNT NBR 15239 - Tratamento de Superfícies de Aço com Ferramentas Manuais e Mecânicas; ABNT NBR 15488 - Pintura Industrial - Superfície Metálica para Aplicação de Tinta - Determinação do Perfil de Rugosidade;



















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ABNT NBR 15877 - Pintura Industrial - Ensaio de Aderência por Tração; ISO 8501-1 - Preparation of Steel Substrates Before Application of Paints and Related Products - Visual Assessment of Surface Cleanliness - Part 1: Rust Grades and Preparation Grades of Uncoated Steel Substrates and of Steel Substrates After Overall Removal of Previous Coatings; ASTM D 4541:2009 - Standard Test Method for Pull-Off Strength of Coatings Using Portable Adhesion Testers; NACE No.5/SSPC-SP 12 - Surface Preparation and Cleaning of Metals by Water Jetting Prior to Recoating; NACE VIS 7/SSPC-VIS 4 - Guide to Visual Reference Photographs for Steel Cleaned by Water Jetting. SSPC SP 11 - Power Tool Cleaning to Bare Metal.

NOTE For documents referred in this Standard and for which only the Portuguese version is

available, the PETROBRAS department that uses this Standard should be consulted for any information required for the specific application.

3 Terms and Definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions indicated in ABNT NBR 15156 are applied. 4 General Conditions 4.1 Paint Application Procedure of Executing Agent The procedure for application of paint systems for equipment and parts to be painted shall contain, at least, the following information:

a) purpose for which the procedure is intended; b) specification of paint system to be used; c) applicable standards; d) instructions for receipt and storage of paints, thinners, and related products; e) paint system execution sequence; f) paint application process; g) specification of paints to be used, including suppliers and respective commercial

references; h) instructions for touchups on the paint system; i) quality control plan.

4.2 Inspection Procedure The paint system inspection procedure shall contain at least the following information:

a) objective; b) reference standards; c) criteria for sampling and inspections to be performed; d) apparatus and instruments; e) acceptance or rejection criteria; f) forms used for recording results

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4.3 Plan for Calibration Instruments 4.3.1 The instruments used in the inspections should have calibration certificate issued by laboratories accredited by INMETRO. 4.3.2 It should be prepared a plan for calibration of instruments, which must contain at least the following information:

a) identification of the instrument; b) date of calibration; c) number of calibration certificate; c) frequency of calibration; d) validity of calibration; e) date of next calibration.

4.4 Training Plan of the Work Force It shall be prepared a training plan for the entire workforce involved in painting services containing at least the following topics:

a) methods of cleaning and surface preparation; b) basics notions of anticorrosive coatings; c) application methods; d) methods of controlling all stages of the coating process; e) safety services in painting; f) visual acuity; g) evaluation criteria (theorical and practical);

4.5 Storage 4.5.1 The places for storing paints, varnishes, solvents, and thinners shall be covered, well ventilated, not subject to excessive heat, protected against sparks, lightning discharges and direct sunlight. These places shall be exclusive and provided with fire-fighting systems. 4.5.2 Maximum stacking of containers shall be as follows:

a) 20 gallons; b) 5 buckets; c) 3 drums (200 L).

4.5.3 Warehouse storage shall be undertaken based on a first in, first out (FIFO) system and items shall be handled in such a manner as to prevent damages. 4.6 Shelf Life and Paint Revalidation Criteria 4.6.1 Paints with an expired shelf life and which have not been revalidated shall not be used. 4.6.2 Revalidated paints must not be used for painting interior surfaces, exterior surfaces subject to high temperatures (above 80 °C) or condensation and paintwork on surfaces operating immersed (interior and exterior paintwork).

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4.6.3 For painting surfaces not falling into the cases specified in 4.6.2, paints may undergo up to 2 revalidation processes, provided this is previously authorized in writing by PETROBRAS. The revalidation is the responsibility of the paint manufacturer, which must emit a new certificate of analysis specific for revalidation, based on own technical requirements. 4.7 Surface Preparation 4.7.1 Surfaces shall be prepared according to PETROBRAS N-9 and ABNT NBR 14847, NBR 15158, NBR 15185 e NBR 15239. 4.7.2 The degrees of cleanliness of metal surfaces are those specified in the PETROBRAS Standards. Specific degrees are assigned to each paint system. 4.7.3 Machined surfaces of flanges and connections shall be protected from abrasive blasting by means of a wooden cover or a plastic sheet. 4.7.4 Blasting near the newly painted surface shall only be performed when the paint film is dry to the touch, so that there is no possibility of impregnation of abrasive. 4.7.5 The abrasives to be used shall be approved according to PETROBRAS N-9. 4.8 Mixing, Homogenization and Dilution of Paints 4.8.1 Every paint shall be homogenized before and during application so as to keep the pigment suspended. Paints comprised of 2 or more components, they shall be separately homogenized before mixing. After mixing, no streaks or strips of different colors shall be observed and the appearance shall be uniform. 4.8.2 Homogenization shall occur in the original container, and the paint shall not be removed from it before all the settled pigment has been incorporated into the vehicle. However, part of the paint not sedimented may be temporarily removed to facilitate the homogenizing process. Should difficulties arise in the dispersion of the settled pigment, the paint shall not be used. [Recommended Practice] 4.8.3 Mixing and homogenizing shall be carried out by a mechanical mixer, with hand mixing being allowed for containers with a capacity of up to 3,6 L. Paints pigmented with aluminum shall be manually mixed. For zinc-rich paints (PETROBRAS N-1277, N-1661, N-1841 and N-2231), mixing shall always be by mechanical means. 4.8.4 Mixing operations in open containers shall be carried out in a well-ventilated area away from sparks or flames. 4.8.5 The use of air flow beneath the paint surface in order to mix or homogenize it is not permitted under any circumstances whatsoever. 4.8.6 In the case of curdling, skinning or thickening in a recently opened can, the paint shall be rejected.







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4.8.7 When homogenization is done by hand and is found the presence of sedimentation, the paint fraction that is not sedimented shall be poured into a clean container. The material at the bottom of the container shall then be loosened up by means of a wide spatula, homogenizing the pigment with the vehicle. NOTE The part not sedimented that has been removed shall be reincorporated into the paint under

agitation until the composition becomes uniform. 4.8.8 Mixing, homogenization, and dilution shall only be carried out during application. 4.8.9 Paints shall not remain in spray units and painter's buckets from one day to the other. In that case, leftover paint shall be collected into a container, which shall be closed, and once again mixed and/or homogenized before being used again. 4.8.10 If the paints to be sprayed have not been specifically formulated for this type of application, they may need to be diluted when a satisfactory application is not possible by adjusting or regulating the air pressure and spraying equipment. 4.8.11 When paint dilution actually proves to be necessary, since previously authorized in writing by PETROBRAS, the thinner specified by the paint manufacturer shall be used. The maximum percentage of thinner specified in the technical bulletin of the product, based on the application method to be used, shall not be exceeded. 4.8.12 For paints comprised of 2 or more components of chemical curing, the induction period and pot life of the mixture shall be observed. 4.8.13 Dryers must not be added to the paint. 4.9 Paint Application 4.9.1 Any promotional painting or shop primer applied shall be removed just before the application of the paint systems specified in this Standard, except in cases where the manufacturer ensures the integrity and performance of the coating. 4.9.2 Surface preparation and paint application are permitted, wholly or in part, at the manufacturer’s facilities or at the job site (onshore or offshore facilities), provided these operations are witnessed by a painting inspector certified and accepted by PETROBRAS. 4.9.3 For equipment or piping to be welded during assembly, a 5 cm strip shall be left unpainted at each pipe end. The surface of this strip shall be prepared and primer shall be applied there to after welding and tests, including hydrostatic testing.

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4.9.4 Before primer is applied, the surfaces subjected to abrasive blasting or water jetting shall be inspected in accordance with PETROBRAS N-9 and ABNT NBR 14847 and 15185 as to corrosion spots, grease, moisture, and other contaminants. In case of water jetting, immediately before painting, the surfaces that present flash rust grade greater than moderate shall receive fresh water cleaning under high pressure of at least 34 MPa (5 000 psi). For equipment internal coating is accepted only light flash rust. 4.9.5 Slots, corners, and depressions that are difficult to paint shall be sealed by means of welds, mastic asphalt, an epoxy mastic or anticorrosive coatings approved by PETROBRAS. 4.9.5.1 Sealing by means of welds shall be performed before painting. 4.9.5.2 Sealing by means of epoxy mastic or mastic asphalt may be performed after blasting or right after primer application. 4.9.6 Before each paint coat is applied, the entire surface shall undergo a cleaning process by means of a vacuum cleaner, a brush, a soft broom, air blowing or a damp cloth to remove the dust. The cleaning process shall be defined based on the specific conditions of each work. 4.9.7 No paint shall be applied when the ambient temperature is below 5 °C, except in the case of paints whose skinning mechanism is exclusively by evaporation of solvents. Such paints may be applied provided the ambient temperature is 2 °C or above. 4.9.7.1 No paint shall be applied when the ambient temperature is expected to drop below 0 °C before the paint has dried up. 4.9.7.2 No paint shall be applied to metal surfaces having temperatures below the dew point temperature + 3 °C or to surfaces with a temperature above 52 °C. In the case of paints based on zinc ethyl silicate, the temperature of the metal surface shall not exceed 40 °C. 4.9.7.3 No paint shall be applied on rainy, foggy or hazy days or when the relative humidity is higher than 85 % or when this humidity level is expected to be reached. In case of paints based on ethyl silicate zinc, the relative humidity shall be between 60 % and 85 %. 4.9.7.4 Paints formulated specifically for application on surfaces with moisture condensation, with a residual moisture or wet, are not subject to relative humidity and dew point restrictions. 4.9.8 Reinforcement painting using a broad brush at critical points, such as welded regions, nuts and bolts, sharp edges, cavities and crevices, pits, flanges and flanged valves, edges and beam corners, shall be obligatorily performed on the substrate and between each coat applied (stripe coat), except for zinc-rich inorganic paints. 4.9.9 Each paint coat shall have a uniform dry film thickness and be free from flaws as those mentioned in 6.5 of this Standard.


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4.9.10 Areas of insufficient thickness or with flaws shall be repainted and left to dry before the next coat is applied, except paints based on zinc ethyl silicate. 4.9.11 The recommended thicknesses are those mentioned in the specific PETROBRAS standards for each paint system. 4.9.12 The time intervals (maximum and minimum) between coats shall be those mentioned in the specific PETROBRAS standards for each paint system. If the time intervals are not informed on the paint system, the paint manufacturer shall be consulted. In the case of solvent-free epoxy finish paint (see PETROBRAS N-2629 and N-2680), provided this is recommended in the specific standard for each paint system and it is operationally possible, the second coat may be applied as soon as the first coat is dry to the touch. 4.9.13 Equipment, steel structures and piping painted before being assembled shall not be handled before the minimum drying period for reapplication of the paint used has elapsed. 4.9.14 Handling after the drying period mentioned in 4.9.13 shall be effected in such a manner as to minimize damages to the painting, using wire ropes with protection or leather straps for small parts. 4.9.15 The damages in painting of equipment, steel structures and piping segments, due to assembly and/or transportation processes, shall be touched up using the system originally applied, whenever this is operationally acceptable. NOTE For the paint of PETROBRAS N-1661 and N-2231 the provisions in 5.1.1.5 shall be followed. 4.9.16 Regions welded after assembly shall receive the same primer as the original system. The surface treatment shall be done by abrasive blasting, grade Sa 2 1/2 from ISO 8501-1. If abrasive blasting is not possible to be used, the surface preparation shall be performed by mechanical and rotation tools according to SSPC SP 11. In the impossibility of using the methods previously mentioned shall be performed mechanical treatment until the cleanliness St 3 of ISO 8501-1. 4.9.17 In the case of epoxy paints, when the time intervals for repainting are exceeded, the previous coat shall receive a treatment using a rotating brush, sanding or brush off or the WJ-3 standard water jetting on the surface followed by cleaning with non-oily solvent to allow the adhesion of the subsequent coat. Zinc-rich paints shall only be washed with fresh water under pressure (1 500 psi to 3 000 psi). For paints in which the skinning mechanism occurs exclusively through solvent evaporation, cleaning shall be performed with a cloth dampened with a solvent recommended by the manufacturer. In the case of resinous oil paints (PETROBRAS N-2492) the surface should be cleaned with mineral turpentine free from contaminants. [Recommended Practice] 4.9.18 During the paint application and drying phase, care shall be taken to prevent contamination of the surface by ashes, salt, dust, and other contaminants. 4.9.19 Machined surfaces and others that are not to be painted, but which require protection, shall be covered with a layer of removable varnish. E.g.: anchor bolts shall be protected with a removable varnish right after they have been placed.






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4.9.20 Painted steel structures, piping systems and equipment, not yet assembled, shall be kept at a certain distance from each other and from the ground and shall be positioned in such a manner as to minimize the number of areas allowing buildup of rainwater, earth, contamination or deterioration of the paint film. NOTE Such parts shall be cleaned and touched up with the paint(s) required whenever this is

necessary for maintenance of the film integrity. 4.9.21 Recently painted equipment or piping shall not be placed in operation before total curing of the paints used. 4.9.22 For maintenance painting only loose, cracked or non-adhering paint shall be removed, when total repainting is not required, as a result of a technical and economic analysis. 4.9.22.1 In those areas in which the old paint presents a thick layer, all edges shall be beveled or reduced by sanding. 4.9.22.2 Partial repainting shall be done so as to minimize any damage to the part of the painting that is in good conditions. 5 Specific Conditions 5.1 Paints 5.1.1 Zinc-Rich Paints (PETROBRAS N-1277, N-1661, N-1841 and N-2231) 5.1.1.1 Mixing and homogenization shall be performed as uniformly as possible. For silicate-based paints, in case the zinc powder is supplied in a separate package, the zinc powder shall be added slowly to the vehicle and with constant agitation for a uniform mixture to be obtained. 5.1.1.2 After mixing and homogenization the paint shall pass through a No. 80 to No. 100 mesh screen, except in those cases in which the application equipment has a suitable screen that separates only contaminants without separating the pigment. 5.1.1.3 Spraying shall only be performed with painting equipment with mechanical agitation during application. 5.1.1.4 Zinc silicate-based paints (PETROBRAS N-1661, N-1841 and N-2231) shall not be applied with a brush or roller. 5.1.1.5 Ethyl silicate-based paints (PETROBRAS N-1661 e N-2231) shall not be touched up with the same product. In that case amide-cured zinc powder epoxy primer (PETROBRAS N-1277) shall be used as a substitute only for operating temperatures up to 120 °C. NOTE For temperatures higher than 120 °C there is no zinc-rich paints qualified to perform paint

touch ups. In this case, the paint applied shall be removed and the original scheme should be repeated.











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5.1.2 Solvent-Free Epoxy Finish Paint (PETROBRAS N-2629, N-2680 and N-2912, Types II

and III) Whenever this is operationally possible, the second coat shall be applied as soon as the first coat is dry to the touch. Otherwise, the minimum and maximum time intervals recommended by the manufacturer of paint shall be respected. NOTE In the case of using the above systematic, it is not necessary to measure the film thickness

and perform the adhesion test on the first coat. 5.2 Application Process All painting shall be applied, preferably, using airless spray gun. In technical impossibility of using the airless gun, other application methods may be used, since approved by PETROBRAS. 5.2.1 Air Less Gun 5.2.1.1 It shall be used for applying paints with low or no solvent content, or of high tixotropy, especially when a high productivity and a large thickness per coat are desired. EXAMPLE

Solvent-free epoxy finish paint and paints with a high solids content by volume (≥ 80 %) as per PETROBRAS N-2628, N-2629, N-2630, N-2680 and N-2912 types II and III.

5.2.1.2 Nozzles shall be those recommended by the manufacturer for the paint to be applied. 5.2.1.3 The painting equipment shall have paint and air pressure meters and regulators. 5.2.1.4 The pressure of the pneumatic pump of the painting equipment shall be adjusted according to the type of paint being sprayed. 5.2.1.5 During the application, the gun shall be held perpendicularly to the surface and at a constant distance to ensure the application of a wet coat of paint, and the paint shall reach the surface still in sprayed form. 5.2.2 Conventional Gun 5.2.2.1 It shall be used in paint that requires quality finish. 5.2.2.2 Compressed air used in the gun shall be free from water and oil. The equipment shall operate in a compressed air line provided with filters, containing silica gel and activated carbon, for removal of water and oil, respectively. Filters shall be periodically drained during the painting operation. 5.2.2.3 Painting equipment shall have paint and air pressure meters and regulators.









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5.2.2.4 Air caps, nozzles and needles shall be those recommended by the equipment manufacturer for the paint to be sprayed. 5.2.2.5 The pressure on the paint in the deposit and the pressure of air in the gun shall be adjusted according to the paint being sprayed. 5.2.2.6 The pressure on the paint in the deposit shall be adjusted whenever necessary to make up for variations caused by raising the gun above the deposit. For paints based on zinc ethyl silicate, the gun and the pressure tank shall be approximately at same level. 5.2.2.7 The air pressure in the gun shall be sufficiently high to atomize the paint, but not so high as to cause excessive mist, excessive evaporation of solvent or losses by excessive spraying. 5.2.2.8 During the application, the gun shall be held perpendicularly to the surface and at a constant distance to ensure the application of a wet coat of paint, and the paint shall reach the surface still in sprayed form. 5.2.2.9 This application method shall not be used in areas with strong winds or in extremely thin structures leading to excessive paint losses. 5.2.3 Brush 5.2.3.1 The brush shall be made of natural, vegetable or animal fiber in such a manner that no fibers are released during the paint application process. Brushes shall be kept conveniently clean and free from any residues. 5.2.3.2 To be used for painting small touch-ups, welded regions, irregular surfaces, square edges and cavities, except in the case of silicate based zinc-rich paints. 5.2.3.3 Brushes shall not be more than 125 mm (5”) wide. 5.2.3.4 Paint shall be applied so that the film does not show pronounced brush marks after drying. 5.2.3.5 Brushes are also used for correcting dripping or waviness. 5.2.4 Roller 5.2.4.1 For application of epoxy paint a specific short nap roller shall be used. Construction materials shall be properly resistant to paint solvents. 5.2.4.2 To be used for painting extensive flat areas, cylindrical or spherical areas of long radius, except in the case of silicate-based zinc-rich paints.

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5.2.4.3 The first coat shall be applied in parallel strips and the next coat, crosswise to the previous one. Whenever possible, painting shall be started at the top part. NOTE Surface parts with irregularities or inaccessible to the roller shall be painted with a brush or

gun. 5.2.4.4 Between 2 adjacent strips of the same coat there shall be a minimum overlapping of 5 cm. 5.2.4.5 Paint shall be applied so that there are no blisters, peeling of the previous coat or impregnation of fibers removed from the roller. 6 Inspection Inspections shall be performed by qualified inspectors according to ABNT NBR 15218. For carrying out inspections taking thickness into account, the minimum dry film thickness specified in the painting procedure standards shall be considered. 6.1 Receipt of Paints and Thinners 6.1.1 Verify for each batch of received paint, if the results of the analysis certificate issued by the paint manufacturer are in accordance with requirements table of the product ready for use defined in the standard specification of the paint. The analysis certificate shall contain the paint curing time. 6.1.2 Verify if the shelf life and marking of packaging are in accordance with the specific standards PETROBRAS for each type of paint. 6.1.3 In case of paints of two components, verify if the shelf life of each component is the same. 6.1.4 Verify if the conditions of preservation and the fill level of packaging are in accordance with PETROBRAS N-1288. 6.1.5 Verify if the thinner and paint are from the same manufacturer. 6.2 Surface Preparation 6.2.1 A visual inspection shall be performed to check if the surface is free of dust, oil, corrosion spots, and other contaminants according to ABNT NBR 14847 and NBR 15185. 6.2.2 The surface shall be compared with the degree of cleanliness specified in the paint system, based on ISO 8501-1, NACE No. 5/ SSPC-SP 12 and NACE VIS 7/SSPC-VIS 4.


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6.3 Roughness Profile The roughness profile shall be determined according to the recommendations in PETROBRAS N-9 and ABNT NBR 15488. 6.4 Relative Humidity and Temperature The relative humidity, ambient temperature and substrate temperature shall be measured before paint application. The measurements control of relative humidity, ambient temperature and substrate temperature shall be done in a specific report, at intervals of 1 hour. The relative humidity and ambient temperature shall be measured at the place where the painting is being done. 6.5 Film Check if each paint coat (during application and after exposure) is free from flaws and/or defects of the following types:

a) dripping; b) blistering; c) wrinkling; d) cracking; e) fisheye (craters); f) impregnation of abrasive and/or contaminants; g) peeling; h) oxidation/corrosion; i) inclusion of hairs; j) pores; k) bleeding; l) spotting; m) overspray n) chalking; o) boil.

NOTA Failures and/or defects caused by actions unrelated to the painting process such as

mechanical damage or burns are not in the scope of this standard. 6.6 Adhesion 6.6.1 General Criteria The areas to be tested shall be indicated by PETROBRAS. 6.6.1.1 The “X” and Cross-Hatch Adhesion test established in ABNT NBR 11003, shall be performed after the minimum drying period for repainting of each coat has elapsed. 6.6.1.2 The pull-off test shall be performed after total cure of the coating, according to ASTM D 4541:2009, Method D - Equipment Type IV or ABNT NBR 15877:2010, Annex A.2.


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NOTE 1 Whenever possible, the adhesion test shall be carried out on representative test specimens

of the surface being coated, thereby preventing damages to the paint. If that is not possible, the test may be performed on the surface being coated, provided the damaged area is properly touched up.

NOTE 2 For the purposes of this Standard, representative test specimens is made of the same material as the substrate to be coated, with minimum dimensions of 0,5 m x 0,5 m. In case of piping, segments of at least 50 cm shall be used. The whole process of coating the specimen shall be performed simultaneously with the application of the coating on the structures or equipment, so the same operational conditions (relative humidity, temperature etc.).

6.6.1.3 Three test methods to evaluate paint adhesion are established:

a) pull-off test, according to ASTM D 4541:2009, Method D - Equipment Type IV or ABNT NBR 15877:2010, Annex A.2;

b) “X” test (method A), according to ABNT NBR 11003; c) cross-hatch test (method B), according to ABNT NBR 11003.

6.6.1.4 For piping, at least one test shall be performed for every 100 m or fraction of pipe length. 6.6.1.5 For the other items covered by this Standard, a number of tests corresponding, in absolute value, to 1 % of the total painted area shall be performed. For example, for a painted area of 25 m2 (1 % of 25 is equal to 0,25) at least one adhesion tests shall be performed; for a 300 m2 area (1 % of 300 is equal to 3), at least three tests shall be performed, distributed uniformly throughout the entire painted area. NOTE 1 The referenced criteria is valid when the area is painted using the same batch of paint and

the painting is made at the same day, not being allowed to add the areas in order to quantify the number of tests.

NOTE 2 When the painting is made using different batches of the same paint and it does not be made at the same day, the painted areas shall be identified, mapped and inspectioned separately in accordance with the criterion established in 6.6.1.5.

NOTE 3 The adhesion test shall be made priorately in areas which are considered as critical in the painted structure, such as the Heat Affected Zone (HAZ), by and also in areas where the access is hard, which may have faults in the painting.

6.6.2 Description of Tests 6.6.2.1 “X” Test and Cross-Hatch Adhesion Test 6.6.2.1.1 The test shall be performed based on ABNT NBR 11003, following the criteria described in 6.6.2.1.2 to 6.6.2.1.4. Shall be performed after applying each coat and according to the following systematic:

a) for the first coat, consider the thickness specified in the procedure standard of equipment/facility painting;

b) from de second coat, consider the sum of the thickness of previous coats, specified in the procedure standard of equipment/facility painting.

6.6.2.1.2 For paints with a minimum dry film thickness per coat of up to 70 μm , the cross-hatch test shall be used (method B), according to ABNT NBR 11003.

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6.6.2.1.3 For paints with a minimum dry film thickness per coat larger than 70 μm the “X” test shall be used (method A). 6.6.2.1.4 For zinc-rich primer (PETROBRAS N-1277, N-1661, N-1841, N-2231) the “X” test (method A) shall be used, regardless of the dry film thickness. 6.6.2.2 Pull-Off Test 6.6.2.2.1 The test shall be performed after total application of the coating and curing time and whenever the procedure standard of painting system or contractual requirements determine the test. 6.6.2.2.2 The test and results record shall be done based on ASTM D 4541:2009, Method D - Equipment Type IV or ABNT NBR 15877:2010, Annex A.2. 6.7 Wet Film Thickness (WFT) 6.7.1 During paint application, the wet film thickness shall be carefully monitored by the painter and painting inspector so as to avoid unacceptable variations in the dry film thickness. 6.7.2 For piping, at least one measurement shall be performed for every 10 m or fraction of length. 6.7.3 For the other items covered by this Standard, a number of measurements corresponding, in absolute value, to 20 % of the total painted area shall be made. For example, for a painted area of 25 m2 (20 % of 25 is equal to 5), at least five thickness measurements shall be made, distributed uniformly throughout the entire painted area; for a 300 m2 area (20 % of 300 is equal to 60), at least 60 wet film thickness measurements shall be made. 6.8 Dry Film Thickness (DFT) 6.8.1 The thickness shall be measured after the minimum drying period for reapplication of each coat has elapsed, in accordance with ABNT NBR 10443. 6.8.2 For piping, thickness measurements shall be made for every 25 m or fraction of pipe length. 6.8.3 For the other items covered by this Standard, a number of tests corresponding, in absolute value, to 10 % of the total painted area shall be performed. For exemple, for a painted area of 25 m2 (10 % of 25 is equal to 2,5) at least three adhesion tests shall be performed, distributed uniformly throughout the entire painted area; for a 300 m2 area (10 % of 300 is equal to 30), at least thirty tests shall be performed.





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6.9 Holidays The test for determining holidays shall be carried out after the maximum drying period for reapplication of the paint used on the last finish coat has elapsed. The test shall be carried out in 100 % of the area according to PETROBRAS N-2137 and whenever this is called for by the painting standard of the equipment, structures, and piping. 7 Acceptance and Rejection Criteria 7.1 Recept of Paints and Thinners Paints and thinners shall attend the requirements of the subsection 6.1. Shall be rejected supplies that do not attend the established requirements. 7.2 Surface Preparation 7.2.1 The examined surface shall not present traces of the materials mentioned in 6.2.1. 7.2.2 The surface shall present cleanliness as required in the technical specification for painting. 7.3 Relative Humidity and Temperature Painting services shall be performed in accordance with the following humidity and temperature conditions:

a) maximum relative humidity (RU) of 85 %, except in the case of 4.9.7.4; For paints based on zinc ethyl silicate, the humidity shall be betwenn 60 %and 85 %;

b) maximum surface temperature of 52 °C, except for primer zinc ethyl silicate, in which case it is 40 °C;

c) minimum surface temperature of 3 °C above dew point, except in the case of 4.9.7.4; d) room temperature: no paint shall be applied when the ambient temperature is below

5 °C, except in the case of paints that are dried exclusively by the evaporation of solvents; such paints may be applied if the temperature is not below 2 °C.

7.4 Film Flaws and/or defects such as those mentioned in 6.5 shall not be accepted. 7.5 Adhesion 7.5.1 “X” Test and Cross-Hatch Adhesion Test 7.5.1.1 The results of the adhesion test shall be compared with the visual standards of ABNT NBR 11003, in accordance with the criteria described in 7.5.1.2 and 7.5.1.3. 7.5.1.2 When the adhesion test to be performed is method A (cross-section in “X”), the qualitative technical criteria for acceptance shall be as follows.


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7.5.1.2.1 Assessments along the incisions: X1 (maximum) when the primer is rich-zinc, the maximum value is X2. 7.5.1.2.2 Assessment on intersection of cross-sections: Y2 (maximum), for any type of paint. NOTE The result X2 (maximum) is also valid for subsequent coats to rich-zinc primer coat

(PETROBRAS N-1277, N-1661, N-1841 and N-2231). 7.5.1.3 When the adhesion test to be performed is method B (mesh section), the maximum grade for acceptance shall be Gr1. 7.5.1.4 If a test is rejected it shall be repeated at 2 points located 1 m from the previous test. These 2 tests shall not be computed in the criteria set out in 6.6.1.4 e 6.6.1.5. 7.5.1.4.1 If both tests do not show signs of lack of adhesion, repair the paint film on the tested regions and the test is considered approved. 7.5.1.4.2 If one of the tests shows signs of lack of adhesion, the entire painting corresponding to that inspection shall be rejected. 7.5.2 Pull-off test 7.5.2.1 The acceptance criteria for the test are set out in Annex A of this Standard. 7.5.2.2 The Figure 1 illustrates the types of adhesion failure.

Figure 1 - Types of Adhesion Failure 7.5.2.3 If any test is failed, it shall be repeated at four diametrically opposite points, spaced 300 mm from the local of the failure of the previous test. These 4 tests should not be included on the criteria described in 6.6.1.4 and 6.6.1.5. 7.5.2.4 If the 4 tests are approved the regions tested shall be repaired and the test is considered approved.





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NOTE The repair shall be performed in a circular area with a radius of 200 mm, considering each

failure as the geometric center. 7.5.2.5 If at least one of the four tests is failed, all the painting that corresponds to this inspection shall be rejected. 7.6 Wet Film Thickness (WFT) The minimum wet film thickness is obtained by dividing the specified dry film thickness by the value of the percentage of solids by volume, multiplied by 100 (WFT = (DFT / SV) x 100). Any measurement found below this value shall be immediately corrected. 7.7 Dry Film Thickness (DFT) 7.7.1 No thickness measurement, made according to 6.8.1, shall present a value below the minimum dry film thickness specified in the paint system. Whenever the minimum thickness is found to be smaller than that specified, the area shall be mapped by means of new measurements and an additional coat shall then be applied, or a compensation on the next coat, since the paints are of the same chemical nature and mechanism of corrosion protection. For silicate based zinc-rich paints (PETROBRAS N-1661, N-1841, N-2231), it shall be totally removed for new application. 7.7.2 Areas with an increase of up to 40 % in the thickness per coat specified in the paint system are accepted. For increases above 40%, the manufacturer shall be contacted about the possibility of acceptance. For ethyl silicate-based zinc-rich paints (PETROBRAS N-1661 and N-2231), an increase of up to 20 % in the minimum thickness per coat specified in the paint system is accepted. 7.8 Holidays 7.8.1 The surface examined according to 6.9 shall not present holidays and the region presenting flaws shall be touched up. 7.8.2 The test for determining holidays shall be done with a report showing the mapping of porosities. These porosities shall be touched up and re-test shall be done to verify if the touch-ups were satisfactory. 8 Safety 8.1 Paint storage areas shall be provided with a fire-fighting system and may not be used to store another type of material. 8.2 Dry and humid abrasive blasting equipment operators shall be duly protected according to recommendations contained in PETROBRAS N-9. NOTE The company responsible for water jetting must have a written procedure related to safety

aspects for execution of the service.







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8.3 In painting application shall be used mask with chemical filter (suitable for protection against organic vapors). NOTE The mask with mechanical filter is suitable only for protection against dust and should not be

used in operations where there is contact with organic vapors. 8.4 The use of a holiday detector on days posing risk of lightning discharges is not permitted. 8.5 The recommendations contained in ABNT NBR 12311 shall be observed.

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Annex A - Table

Table A.1 - Acceptance Criteria for Pull-Off Test

PETROBRASstandard

Condition Painting system

(PETROBRAS standard)

Minimum pull-off

strength (MPa)

Type of failure not-acceptable

1 1st coat: N-2630 (100 µm) 2nd coat: N-2677 (70 µm)

15 A/B

2 Single coating: N-2231 (75 µm) 10 A/B


5 A/B

4

1st coat: N-1661 (75 µm) 2nd coat: N-1202 (30 µm) 3rd coat: N-2628 (100 µm) 4th coat: N-2677(70 µm)

10 A/B



15 A/B



Single coating: N-2912 type II (400 µm)


15 A/B

N-2

10 Single coating: N-2912 type III

(400 µm) 15 A/B



15 A/B

3

1st coat: N-1661 (75 µm) 2nd coat: N-1202 (30 µm) 3rd coat: N-2628 (100 µm) 4th coat: N-2677(70 µm)

15 A/B


15 A/B


N-442

































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Table A.1 - Acceptance Criteria for Pull-Off Test (Continuation)

PETROBRASstandard



Minimum pull-off

strength (MPa)


Galvanized steel without corrosion

1st coat: N-2198 (20 µm) Following coatings: according to

defined painting system. 12 A/B

Galvanized steel with localized corrosion area



Galvanized steel with generalized corrosion

area



Stainless steel, aluminium, non-ferrous Alloys and cast iron -

atmospheric zone

1st coat: N-2198 (20 µm) 2nd coat: N-2677 (60 µm)

12 A/B

Stainless steel, aluminium, non-ferrous alloys and cast iron - immersion conditions and areas subject to

pounding, temperature up to 80°C


15 A/B

N-1021

Stainless steel, aluminium, non-ferrous alloys and cast iron - immersion conditions and areas subject to

pounding, temperature of 80 °C to 150 °C

1st coat: N-2912 type II (150 µm) 2nd coat: N-2912 type II (150 µm)

15 A/B

N-1192 Internal cargo tank 1st coat: N-2680 (150 µm) 2nd coat: N-2680 (150 µm)

15 A/B

Transition zone – alternative B

1st coat: N-2680 (150 µm) 2nd coat: N-2680 (150 µm) 3rd coat: N-2680 (150 µm)

15 A/B

Atmospheric zone – ambient temperature up

to 80 °C


15 A/B

Atmospheric zone – temperature between

80 °C and 150 °C

1st coat: N-2912 tipo II (175 µm) 2nd coat: N-2912 tipo II (175 µm)

15 A/B

Atmospheric zone – temperature between

150°C and 500°C Single coating: N-2231 (100 µm) 10 A/B

N-1374

Antiskid floor painting 1st coat: N-2680 (150 µm) 2nd coat: N-2680 (150 µm)

3rd coat: antiskid paint (500 µm) 15 A/B


























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PETROBRASstandard



Minimum pull-off

strength (MPa)


Internal painting of cargo, ballast, and

slop tanks


15 A/B

N-1374

Internal painting of potable water tanks

1st coat: certified paint (150 µm) 2nd coat: certified paint (150 µm)

15 A/B


15 A/B

N-1550

2 1st coat: N-1277 (70 µm)

2nd coat: N-2628 (200 µm) 15 A/B



15 A/B

3 1st coat: N-1277 (70 µm)

2nd coat: N-2630 (100 µm) 3rd coat: N-2677 (70 µm)

12 A/B


N-1735


Alternative A 1st coat: N-2680 (150 µm) 2nd coat: N-2680 (150 µm) 3rd coat: N-2680 (150 µm)

15 A/B

N-2037

Alternative B 1st coat: N-2628 (150 µm) 2nd coat: N-2628 (150 µm) 3rd coat: N-2628 (150 µm)

15 A/B

1 1st coat: N-1277 (70 µm)

2nd coat: N-2628 (200 µm) 15 A/B


15 A/B

Storage of non-

potable fresh water and fuel oil


15 A/B

Storage of potable fresh water

1st coat: Epoxy paint certified (150 µm)

2nd coat: Epoxy paint certified (150 µm)

15 A/B

N-2104

Group III 1st coat: N-2630 (100 µm) 2nd coat: N-2629 (100 µm) 3rd coat: N-2629 (100 µm)

15 A/B




































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PETROBRASstandard



Minimum pull-off

strength (MPa)


Humid environment Single coating: N-2677 (70 µm) 10 A/B

Industrial environment 1st coat: N-2628 (100 µm) 2nd coat: N-2677 (70 µm)

12 A/B N-2441

Marine environment 1st coat: N-2628 (100 µm) 2nd coat: N-2677 (70 µm)

12 A/B

1 Single coating: N-2912, type I

(130 µm)


(270 µm) N-2843


(400 a 500 µm)

12 A/B

1 2

Single coating: N-2912, type II (450 µm)

15 A/B

3 Single coating: N-2912, type III

(500 µm) 15 A/B

4 Single coating: N-2912, type II

(450 µm) 15 A/B

5 6

Single coating: N-2912, type III (500 µm)

15 A/B

External tank coating


15 A/B



15 A/B

Single coating: N-2630 (120 µm) 8

Single coating: N-2680 (100 µm) 15 A/B

9 Single coating: N-2912 type II

(150 µm) 15 A/B

10 1st coat: N-1661 (75 µm) 2nd coat: N-1202 (30 µm) 3rd coat: N-2677 (70 µm)

10 A/B

External roof coating 1st coat: N-2912 type II (300 µm)

2nd coat: N-2677 (50 µm) 15 A/B

Single coating: N-2912 type II (400 µm)


15 A/B

N-2913

12 Single coating: N-2912 type III

(400 µm) 15 A/B



































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PETROBRASstandard



Minimum pull-off

strength (MPa)




15 A/B

14 1st coat: N-1661 (75 µm) 2nd coat: N-1202 (30 µm) 3rd coat: N-2677 (50 µm)

10 A/B


15 A/B



5 A/B

N-2913


15 A/B
















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INDEX OF REVISIONS

REV. A, B, C, D and E

There is no index of revisions.

REV. F

Affected Parts Description of Alteration

All Revised

REV. G


All Revised

REV. H


All Revised

REV. J


All Revised

n-0013

Documents