n°2 a ad c lu b - oecd gas pipeline.pdf · porto novo lagos abidjan niamey hassi r’mel in anemas...

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MAPS & FACTS www.oecd.org/swac | www.westafricagateway.org We encourage the use of our maps! Please include the Club’s copyright, inform or contact us for specific requests: [email protected] Phone +33 (0)1 45 24 89 87 Fax +33 (0)1 45 24 90 31 E-mail [email protected] Postal address SWAC/OECD 2, rue André Pascal F–75775 Paris, Cedex 16 This map is without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. Club SAHEL AND WEST AFRICA Secretariat An Atlas of the Sahara-Sahel Geography, Economics and Security West African Studies Club SAHEL AND WEST AFRICA Secretariat Extract Last update: 10 October 2014 A t an estimated cost of 21 billion USD in 2006, the trans-Saharan gas pipeline would have the capacity to transport some 30 billion cubic meters of gas per year from Nigeria to Europe. Within the European Union, gas consumption is overall shrinking but gas production is declining even faster (30% of the gas needs are supplied by Russia, compared to 14% provided by Algeria). Large natural gas consumers like Germany, France, the United Kingdom and Spain now prefer to purchase liquefied natural gas that can be exported by ship. While the infrastructure costs are significant (the cost of a liquefaction unit amounts to billions of dollars), the liquid natural gas option circumvents the security problems inherent in a trans- Saharan gas pipeline. THE TRANS-SAHARAN GAS PIPELINE N°2 OCT 2014 Tamanrasset Carthagena Almeria Arzew Algiers Tunis Béni Saf El-Kala Skikda Palermo Madrid Lisbon Sines Huelva Tangiers Rabat Fès Trans-Saharan Gas Pipeline Agadez Kano N’Djamena Abuja Bonny Ibadan Warri Accra Lomé Porto Novo Lagos Abidjan Niamey Hassi R’Mel In Anemas Hassi Messaoud 2 000 km ALGERIA NIGER LIBYA NIGERIA MOROCCO TUNISIA MALI CHAD Main Gas pipeline Proposed Natural gas production area Instabilities Desert zone MEND and other armed groups from the Niger Delta Boko Haram Touareg zone Zone of confrontations between Tubu groups and Arab tribes Circulation of armed groups Terrorist attack of a natural gas site in January 2013 Export terminal Source: Sonatrach 2014 Liquefied natural gas Import terminal Source: OECD (2014), “An Atlas of the Sahara-Sahel: Geography, Economics and Security”, West African Studies, OECD Publishing, Paris.

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Page 1: n°2 A AD C lu b - OECD gas pipeline.pdf · Porto Novo Lagos Abidjan Niamey Hassi R’Mel In Anemas Hassi Messaoud 2 000 km ALGERIA NIGER LIBYA NIGERIA MOROCCO TUNISIA MALI CHAD Main

Maps & facts

www.oecd.org/swac | www.westafricagateway.org

We encourage the use of our maps! Please include the Club’s copyright, inform or contact us for specific requests: [email protected]

Phone +33 (0)1 45 24 89 87 Fax +33 (0)1 45 24 90 31 E-mail [email protected]

Postal address SWAC/OECD 2, rue André Pascal F–75775 Paris, Cedex 16

This map is without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation

of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area.

ClubSAHEL ANDWEST AFRICA

Secretariat

An Atlas of the Sahara-SahelGeography, Economics and Security

West African Studies

ClubSAHEL ANDWEST AFRICA

Secretariat

Extr

act

Last update: 10 October 2014

At an estimated cost of 21  billion USD in

2006, the trans-Saharan gas pipeline would have the capacity to transport some 30  billion cubic meters of gas per year from Nigeria to Europe. Within the European Union, gas consumption is overall shrinking but gas production is declining even faster (30% of the gas needs are supplied by Russia, compared to 14% provided by Algeria). Large natural gas consumers like Germany, France, the United Kingdom and Spain now prefer to purchase liquefied natural gas that can be exported by ship. While the infrastructure costs are significant (the cost of a liquefaction unit amounts to billions of dollars), the liquid natural gas option circumvents the security problems inherent in a trans-Saharan gas pipeline.

The Trans-saharan Gas PiPeline

n°2Oct 2014

Tamanrasset

Carthagena

Almeria

Arzew

Algiers

Tunis

Béni Saf

El-KalaSkikda

Palermo

Madrid

Lisbon

Sines

Huelva

Tangiers

RabatFès

Trans-Saharan G

as Pipeline

Agadez

KanoN’Djamena

Abuja

Bonny

Ibadan

WarriAccra

LoméPorto Novo

LagosAbidjan

Niamey

Hassi R’Mel

In Anemas

Hassi Messaoud

2 000 km

ALGERIA

NIGER

LIBYA

NIGERIA

MOROCCO

TUNISIA

MALI

CHAD

Main

Gas pipeline

Proposed

Natural gas production area

Instabilities

Desert zone

MEND and other armed groups from the Niger Delta

Boko Haram

Touareg zone

Zone of confrontations between Tubu groups and Arab tribes

Circulation of armed groups

Terrorist attack of a natural gas site in January 2013

Export terminal

Source: Sonatrach 2014

Liquefied natural gas

Import terminal

3_2 The Trans-Saharan Gas Pipeline: un rêve contrarié

Source: OECD (2014), “An Atlas of the Sahara-Sahel: Geography, Economics and Security”, West African Studies, OECD Publishing, Paris.

Page 2: n°2 A AD C lu b - OECD gas pipeline.pdf · Porto Novo Lagos Abidjan Niamey Hassi R’Mel In Anemas Hassi Messaoud 2 000 km ALGERIA NIGER LIBYA NIGERIA MOROCCO TUNISIA MALI CHAD Main

Club DU SAHEL ET DEL'AFRIQUE DE L'OUEST

Secrétariat du

www.oecd.org/csao | www.portailouestafrique.org

Nous encourageons l’utilisation de nos cartes ! Veuillez nous en informer et faire mention du

copyright du Club. Pour des demandes spécifiques, contacter : [email protected]

Tél +33 (0)1 45 24 89 87 Fax +33 (0)1 45 24 90 31 Courriel [email protected]

Adresse postale CSAO/OCDE 2, rue André Pascal F–75775 Paris, Cedex 16

Cette carte est sans préjudice du statut de tout territoire, de la souveraineté s’exerçant sur ce dernier,

du tracé des frontières et limites internationales, et du nom de tout territoire, ville ou région.

Cartes& faits

Mise à jour : 10 octobre 2014

Un atlas du Sahara-SahelGéographie, économie et insécurité

Cahiers de l’Afrique de l’Ouest

Club DU SAHEL ET DEL'AFRIQUE DE L'OUEST

Secrétariat du

Extr

ait

n°2Oct 2014

le ProjeT de Gazoduc Transsaharien

D’ un coût estimé à 21 milliards de dollars US

en 2006, le gazoduc permettrait de transporter 30 milliards de mètres cubes par an depuis le Nigeria jusqu’en Europe. Dans l’Union européenne (dont 30 % des besoins sont satisfaits par la seule Russie, 14 % par l’Algérie), la consommation de gaz baisse mais la production baisse plus vite encore. Désormais, les gros consommateurs de gaz comme l’Allemagne, la France, la Grande-Bretagne et l’Espagne privilégient l’achat de gaz liquéfié qui peut être exporté par bateau. Si les coûts des infrastructures sont consi-dérables (le coût d’une unité de liquéfaction se compte en milliards de dollars US), l’option gaz liquide permet de contourner les problèmes de sécurité posés par le gazoduc transsaharien.

Tamanrasset

Carthagène

Almeria

Arzew

Alger

Tunis

Béni Saf

Al-KalaSkikda

Palerme

Madrid

Lisbonne

Sines

Huelva

Tanger

RabatFès

Gazoduc transsaharien

Agadez

KanoN’Djaména

Abuja

Bonny

Ibadan

WarriAccra

LoméPorto Novo

LagosAbidjan

Niamey

Hassi R’Mel

In Amenas

Hassi Messaoud

2000 km

ALGERIE

NIGER

LIBYE

NIGERIA

MAROC

TUNISIE

MALI

TCHAD

Principal

Gazoduc

En projet

Zone d’extraction gazière

Instabilités

Zone désertique

MEND et autres groupes armés du Delta du Niger

Boko Haram

Zone touareg

Zone d’affrontements Toubou / Tribus arabes

Circulation de groupes armés

Attaque terroriste d’un site gazier en janvier 2013

Terminal d’exportation

Source : Sonatrach 2014

Gaz liquide

Terminal d’importation

3_2 Gazoduc transsaharien : un rêve contrarié

Source : OCDE (2014), “Un atlas du Sahara-Sahel : Géographie, économie et insécurité”, Cahiers de l’Afrique de l’Ouest, éditions OCDE, Paris.