documentn

SAFETY FIRST

IN

CONSTRUCTION

INDUSTRY

MAJOR Ir KAMARULZAMAN BIN MUSA (Retired)

[email protected]

03-87831180

MAJOR Ir KAMARULZAMAN BIN MUSA (Retired)

[email protected]

03-87831180

• SAFETY IS AN ATTITUTE, A FRAME OF MIND. IT IS THE AWARENESS OF ONE’S ENVIRONMENT AND ACTIONS ALL DAYS, EVERY DAY. SAFETY IS KNOWING WHAT IS GOING ON. KNOWING HOW TO PREVENT IT.

• TO DO THIS DOES NOT REQUIRE A GENIUS, A PHD OR EVEN A TITLE OR RANK.

• ALL IT REQUIRES IS INTELLIGENCE AND RESONABLE AMOUNT OF NATIVE ABILITY -TO SEE, TO HEAR, TO SMELL AND TO THINK.

TERMINOLOGIES

�

The state of being safe: freedom from injury

or danger

SAFETY

An individual’s judgment or perception of risk

TERMINOLOGIES

�

TERMS & DEFINITIONSTERMS & DEFINITIONS

PENGENALANPENGENALAN

�OSH – Occupational Safety & Health

�DOSH – Department of Occupational Safety & Health

�JKKP – Jabatan Keselamatan & Kesihatan Pekerjaan

�CIDB – Construction Industry Development Board

�OSHA – Occupational Safety & Health Act 1994

�FMA – Factories & Machinery Act 1967

�BOWECS – Factories & Machinery (Building Operation & Works of Engineering Construction) (Safety) 1986

�

An accident is an unexpected, unplanned event in

a sequence of events, that occurs through a

combination of causes;

It results in physical harm (injury or disease) to an

individual, damage to property or environment, a

loss or any combination of these effects

ACCIDENTACCIDENT

�

� An INCIDENT is a near miss

�A situation or event that occurred, usually minor and brings fear to people

� Dangerous occurrence


PENGENALANPENGENALAN�

� OHSAS 18001 : Occupational Health & Safety

Accreditation Series 18001:1999

� SHO: Safety and Health Officer

� SSS: Site Safety Supervisor

� GREEN BOOK: SHO Passport issued by DOSH

� YELLOW BOOK: SSS Passport issued by DOSH

� GREEN CARD: ID for construction workers issued by

CIDB

TERMINOLOGIES

�

maybe defined as the adverse effect which may arise

from exposure to hazard

HARM

What Is ……….. & Safety?

chance@ probability of harm actually happening

@ frequency of occurrence and its impact

RISK

(Risk - the probability (LIKELYHOOD)(LIKELYHOOD) of the hazards to cause harm or injury).

�

�Danger : Relative exposure to hazards (i.e. controlled hazard is less dangerous than an uncontrolled one.) A sign of risk.

�Hazard : anything (by itself or interacting with others) that is an actual or potential cause or source of harm. Hazard could means activity, arrangement, circumstance, event, occurrence, process, phenomenon, situation, or substances (e.g. chemicals, radiation, electricity etc)


INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION�

Ergonomic•Repetitive work

•Lifting/handling

•Etc.

PHYSICAL

•Noise

•Radiation

•Temperature

•Lighting

CHEMICAL

•Dust

•Vapor

•Gas

ELECTRICAL•Direct contact

•Electrostatic

MECHANICAL

•Falls

•Entanglement

BIOLOGICAL

•Bacteria

•Fungus

•Mould

PSYCHOSOCIAL•Work demand

•Shift work

•Stress

� �

HI RA RC

Risk ControlHazard Identification Risk Assessment


PENGENALANPENGENALAN� �

HAZARD IDENTIFICATION

Look for hazards that could reasonably be

expected to cause significant harm

� Check list

� Walk through survey

� Brainstorming session

� Systematic studies (eg HAZOP)

� Signage's

� Observation & comparison � �

HAZARD IDENTIFICATION

Look for hazards that could reasonably be

expected to cause significant harm

�Complaints / Reports / Suggestion

�Consultations

�Inspections

�Audits

�Accident Investigation Analysis

�Workers safety knowledge � �

Hierarchy of Hazard Control

• Elimination of the hazard

• Substitution of the hazard

• Isolation of the hazard by separating people from it

• Control of the hazard by engineering

• Control by applying safe work protocol

• Provision of training and information

• Provision of personal protective equipment � �

INTRODUCTION TO OSHINTRODUCTION TO OSHSAFETY SIGNAGES

A sign referring to a specific object, activity

or situation and providing information or instruction about health and safety at work

by means of :

a signboard, a safety colour,

an illuminated sign,

an acoustic sign, &a verbal communication or a hand signal. � �

SAFETY SIGNAGES

A system of safety

colours and signs is to

draw attention to

objects and situations,

which affect, or could

affect, health or safety.


HAND SIGNAL

Means a movement or

the position of the arms

or the hands or a

combination, in coded

form, for guiding

persons who are

carrying out

manoeuvres which

create a risk to the

health and safety of

people at work.


ACOUSTIC SIGNAL

Means coded sound

signal which is

released and

transmitted by a device

designed for the

purpose, without the

use of a human or

artificial voice.


VERBAL COMMUNICATION

Means a predetermined

spoken message

communicated by a

human or artificial

voice.


CONSTRUCTION SAFETY -

SCENARIO IN MALAYSIA

� �

21

JUMLAH KEMALANGAN DILAPOR DAN KEMALANGAN MAUT DITERIMA

(Sumber : PERKESO dan JTK)

68,0

08

70,6

9077,7

42

81,0

03

83,5

13

87,3

89

98,281

95,2

22

88,3

89

89,0

49

108,4

18

993

907

1,3371,2921,291

1,0731,092

1,012

1,135

1,042

1,308

50,000

60,000

70,000

80,000

90,000

100,000

110,000

120,000

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

KEM

ALANGAN

100

300

500

700

900

1,100

1,300

1,500

MAUT

KEMALANGAN

MAUT

� �

� �

• Salient points from local experts

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

– � �

HOW TO HELP THE

CONTRACTORS TO

MANAGE OSH?

SAFETY FIRSTSAFETY FIRST--CONCEPTCONCEPT

SAFETY FIRST IN CONSTRUCTIONSAFETY FIRST IN CONSTRUCTION� �

� COMMITTMENT

� SPECIFICATION IN CONTRACTS

� TENDER EVALUATION

� GOOD CONTRACT MANAGEMENT

� WELL TRAINED STAFF

STRATEGIC TRUST FOR OSH MANAGEMENT� �

First, we have

to understand…

The Concept of Project The Concept of Project

Management & OSH Management & OSH

Management Management

The Concept The Concept

SAFETY FIRST IN CONSTRUCTIONSAFETY FIRST IN CONSTRUCTION

Before we go furtherBefore we go further…………

� �

Project Management Project Management ‘‘WedgeWedge’’ PrinciplePrinciple

Study &Study &

DefinitionDefinition

PhasePhase

DesignDesign

PhasePhase

ProcurementProcurement

PhasePhase

ConstructionConstruction

PhasePhase

CommissioningCommissioning

PhasePhase

Master Budget

Master

Programme

Economical &Functional Quality

iiiiiiii --DD

Design Estimates& Budgets

Tender/ConstructionBudgets

Design &Technological QualityValue Engineering

Contract Admin. & Change Order

Detailed Design

Schedules

Detailed Tender

SchedulesOverall Interfacing Programme

22--DD

33--DD

ConstructionConstruction onon PaperPaper

Construction in PracticeConstruction in Practice

TimeTime

InformationInformation

QUALITYQUALITY

CostCost

OrganizationOrganization

Project

Project Controls

Controls

FeasibilityFeasibilityStudyStudy

FinalFinalDesignDesign

ContractContractAwardingAwarding

DeliveryDelivery

AcceptanceAcceptance

Start OperationsStart Operations& Maintenance& Maintenance

Decision

Decision--makin

g throughout all Project

making throughout all P

roject Phases

Phases

Technical Quality Review


Knowing the construction

Phases & Processes

WHEN does UTAMAKAN UTAMAKAN

KESELAMATAN KESELAMATAN

Should Starts?



QUALITYQUALITY

COSTCOST

TIMETIME

ORGANIZATIONORGANIZATION

INFORMATIONINFORMATION

CONSTRUCTION ON PAPERCONSTRUCTION ON PAPER

STUDYSTUDY

PHASEPHASE

DESIGN PHASEDESIGN PHASE

CONSTRUCTIONCONSTRUCTIONPHASEPHASE

COMMISSIONINGCOMMISSIONING

OPERATIONSOPERATIONS

&&

MAINTENANCEMAINTENANCE

INITIATIVEINITIATIVE

FEASIBILITYFEASIBILITYSTUDYSTUDY

CONTRACTCONTRACT

AWARDINGAWARDING

DELIVERYDELIVERY

ACCEPTANCEACCEPTANCE

CONSTRUCTION IN PRACTICECONSTRUCTION IN PRACTICE

SAFETY FIRST SAFETY FIRST –– WHEN?WHEN?


In broader construction terms, safety

(accident prevention/protection of lives

and assets) must starts at project

inception stage through project

implementation, commissioning and

decommissioning stage.



� �

PRE CONSTRUCTIONPRE CONSTRUCTION

(Tender Document)(Tender Document)

CONSTRUCTIONCONSTRUCTION

(Contract Management)(Contract Management)


Good OSH Management (Cont..)Good OSH Management (Cont..)



� �

� MUST CONSIDER OSH AS AN IMPORTANT AND PRIORITY IN THE WAY OF CONDUCTING BUSINESS

� UNDERSTAND & RECOGNISES OHS LEGAL OBLIGATIONS WITH REGARDS TO CONTRACTORS & SYSTEMS ARE DEVELOPED TO MANAGE THE PROCESS

� REQUIRED TO DEMONSTRATE THAT THERE IS AN APPROPIATE SYSTEM & CAN VERIFY ITS IMPLEMENTATION IN PRACTICE

� CONTRACTORS ARE REQUIRED TO COMPLY WITH

CONTRACT SPECIFIC OSH REQUIREMENTS


1. CONTRACT SPECIFICATION1. CONTRACT SPECIFICATION

� �

�LEGAL REQUIREMENT

�MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

�STANDARD RULES & REGULATIONS

�SAFETY MANAGER/SHO/SSS

�HEALTH & SAFETY PLAN

�SAFETY EQUIPMENT

�TRAINING

�FIRST AID

�WELFARE OF WORKERS

�SECURITY


1. CONTRACT SPECIFICATION1. CONTRACT SPECIFICATION

� �

�COLOUR CODING SYSTEM ON SAFETY HELMETS

�PPE POLICY

�VISITORS POLICY

�SAFETY MANAGER/SHO/SSS


�OTHER SAFETY EQUIPMENT

� SAFETY INDUCTION / TRAINING

�HOSPITAL/CLINIC/FIRST AID ROOM

�WELFARE OF WORKERS (Accommodations, sports)

�SECURITY


STANDARD RULES AND REGULATIONSSTANDARD RULES AND REGULATIONS

� �

QUALITYQUALITY

COSTCOST

TIMETIME

ORGANIZATIONORGANIZATION

INFORMATIONINFORMATION


STUDYSTUDY

PHASEPHASE

DESIGN PHASEDESIGN PHASE

CONSTRUCTIONCONSTRUCTIONPHASEPHASE

COMMISSIONINGCOMMISSIONING

OPERATIONSOPERATIONS

&&

MAINTENANCEMAINTENANCE

INITIATIVEINITIATIVE

FEASIBILITYFEASIBILITYSTUDYSTUDY

CONTRACTCONTRACT

AWARDINGAWARDING

DELIVERYDELIVERY

ACCEPTANCEACCEPTANCE


OSH MANAGEMENT IN CONSTRUCTIONOSH MANAGEMENT IN CONSTRUCTION� �

Organization Organization --PROJECT HSSE DIVISIONPROJECT HSSE DIVISION

AUTHORITIES / CONSULTANT

HEALTH & SAFETY SECTION

HSSE GENERAL MANAGER

HEALTH & SAFETY MANAGER

SECURITY SECTION ENVIRONMENT SECTION

SECURITY MANAGER

2 X CLERK

ENVIRONMENT MANAGER

SAFETY OFFICER

SITE SAFETY SUPERVISOR

PENGURUSAN OSH DALAM PEMBINAANPENGURUSAN OSH DALAM PEMBINAAN� �

3 levels of organizations

Client/owner

Contractor head office

Contractor project office

SH Organization in Construction IndustrySH Organization in Construction Industry


CLIENT

SAFETY

COMMITTEE PROJECT MANAGEMENT

CONSULTANT (PMC)

SAFETY MANAGER

(Planning Supervisor)

CLIENT’S OFFICE

� �

MAIN

CONTRACTOR

SAFETY & HEALTH

MANAGER

(CORPORATE LEVEL)

SAFETY

COMMITTEE

(CORPORATE

LEVEL)

CORPORATE OFFICE CONTRACTOR

� �

Project Management-HQ

CEO / MD

SAFETY MANAGER

Management overlap

SAFETY & HEALTH OFFICER

SITE SAFETY SUPERVISOR

FOREMAN

DESIGNATED PERSON

WORKERS

SAFETY COMMITTEE

OSH MANAGEMENT IN CONSTRUCTIONOSH MANAGEMENT IN CONSTRUCTION

PROJECT MANAGER

1.ORGANISATION BETWEEN HQ & PROJECT

Site Project Management

PLANNING SUPERVISOR(cdm)

� �

Project Management-HQ

MANAGEMENT SYSTEM MANUAL

SETS OF MANAGEMENT PROCEDURESFOR S&H

S&H WORKING

INSTRUCTION

S&H PROJECT PLAN

Management overlap Site Project Management

POLICY

ORGANISATION

RISK ASESSMENT

PLANNING

IMPLEMENTATION

AUDITING

OSH MANAGEMENT IN CONSTRUCTIONOSH MANAGEMENT IN CONSTRUCTION

PROJECT SAFETY AND HEALTH

MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

2. OSH SYSTEM RELATIONSHIP - HQ & PROJECT

� �

DESIGNATED PERSONDESIGNATED PERSON

MAIN CONTRACTOR

SAFETY & HEALTH MANAGER

(CORPORATE LEVEL)


(PROJECT LEVEL)


(PROJECT LEVEL)SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

(PROJECT LEVEL)

SAFETY & HEALTH COMMITTEE

(PROJECT LEVEL)

WORKERS

REPRESENTATIVE

WORKERS

REPRESENTATIVE

MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENTSITE SUPERVISOR

FOREMEN

SITE SUPERVISOR

FOREMENFIRST

AIDER

FIRST

AIDER

SAFETY COMMITTEE

(CORPORATE LEVEL)

PROJECT OFFICE CONTRACTOR

PROJECT BPROJECT B

PROJECT CPROJECT C

PROJECT DPROJECT D

PROJECT EPROJECT E

SITE SAFETY

SUPERVISOR

SITE SAFETY

SUPERVISOR

CONFINE

SPACE

CONFINE

SPACE

CHRA /

ASSESSOR

CHRA /

ASSESSOR

CRANE

OPERATOR

CRANE

OPERATOR

ScaffoldingScaffolding

Demolition WorkDemolition Work

Piling WorksPiling Works

Handling of ExplosiveHandling of Explosive

FormworkFormwork

Public VehicularPublic Vehicular

Inspection of Safety BeltInspection of Safety Belt

Inspection of Safety NetInspection of Safety Net

ExcavationExcavation

PROJECT APROJECT A

� �

PPE Policy

MANDATORY:

• Safety shoes and hard hat – to all personnel on site.

• Full Body Harness- work at a height of 3 meters or more

• Hand gloves – to all rough, vibrates works and handling of chemical

• Safety glass/goggles/ face protection – to all welding, cutting and dusty works.

• Respiratory protection- to all dusty job, involved chemical vapor

• Safety Belt – not allow, only with special permission.

• Hearing protection – to all noise more than 90 dBA � �

�VERIFICATION OF THE OPERATION OF THE OHS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

�EVALUATION OF REPORTS ON THE TENDERER’S HEALTH & SAFETY PERFORMANCE

�UNDERTAKING INTERVIEWS OR DISCUSSIONS WITH TENDERERS TO CONFIRM THEIR UNDERSTANDING OF CONTRACT OHS REQUIREMENTS

�EXAMINATION OF TENDERER’S OHS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM DOCUMENTATION

SAFETY FIRST IN CONSTRUCTIONSAFETY FIRST IN CONSTRUCTION2.TENDER EVALUATION2.TENDER EVALUATION

� �

• A. MONITORING & SUPERVISION

• B. WORKPLACE INSPECTIONS

• C. CONTRACT RECORDS

SAFETY FIRST IN CONSTRUCTIONSAFETY FIRST IN CONSTRUCTION3. CONTRACT MANAGEMENT3. CONTRACT MANAGEMENT

� �

�3. PROVIDING CONTRACTOR WITH ADVICE ON UNUSUAL OR UNEXPECTED RISKS AND FEEDBACK ON AREAS OF NON COMPLIANCE. THIS MAY ARISE FROM:

�INSPECTION UNDERTAKEN BY CLIENT/CONSULTANT (PMC)

�INSPECTIONS OR REPORTS FROM OTHER PARTIES (internal & external) consultant

�THE AUTHORITIES (DOSH, CIDB, DBKL,JKR etc) EXPERIENCE FROM SIMILAR CONTRACTS

A. Monitoring and SupervisionA. Monitoring and Supervision


A. MONITORING & SUPERVISION

� 1. REGULAR REVIEW OF CONTRACTOR OSH DOCUMENT

�SAFETY INDUCTION RECORDS

�PLANTS /MACHINES - MAINTENANCE/INSPECTION RECORDS

�HIRARC DOCUMENTS

�EMPLOYEE TRAINING/COMPETENCY RECORDS

�MINUTES OF SAFETY MEETING


A. MONITORING & SUPERVISION

2. REGULAR SITE INSPECTION TO MONITOR COMPLIANCE WITH HEALTH & SAFETY PROCEDURES:

•LEGISLATIVE REQUIREMENTS•CONFORMANCE WITH HIRARC•CONFORMANCE WITH H&S PLAN•CONFORMANCE WITH STANDARD RULES & REGULATIONS


�CONTRACT INSPECTION CHECKLIST

�GENERAL HEALTH & SAFETY (activities) INSPECTION CHECKLIST

�WHO SHOULD CARRY OUT INSPECTIONS ?

�FREQUENCY OF INSPECTIONS & AUDITS ?

B. Workplace InspectionB. Workplace Inspection


C. CONTRACT RECORDSSAFETY FIRST IN CONSTRUCTIONSAFETY FIRST IN CONSTRUCTION

�RISK ASSESSMENT (HIRARC)


�CONTRACT DOCUMENTS

�HEALTH & SAFETY INSPECTION REPORTS

�MINUTES OF SAFETY & SITE MEETINGS

�INCIDENTS & ACCIDENTS INVESTIGATION REPORTS

�MONTHLY OHS PERFORMANCE REPORTS

�NON-CONFORMANCE REPORTS

�PHOTOGRAPHS & TEST RESULTS

�SITE INSTUCTIONS

�SITE DAIRY OR SAFETY DIARY � �

o A. OFFICE ADMINISTRATION

o HSSE PolicyHSSE PolicyHSSE PolicyHSSE Policy

o Safety CommitteeSafety CommitteeSafety CommitteeSafety Committee

o SHO, SSS & Designated PersonSHO, SSS & Designated PersonSHO, SSS & Designated PersonSHO, SSS & Designated Person

o Statutory NotificationStatutory NotificationStatutory NotificationStatutory Notification

o Safe Work ProcedureSafe Work ProcedureSafe Work ProcedureSafe Work Procedure

o HSSE MeetingHSSE MeetingHSSE MeetingHSSE Meeting

o Method StatementMethod StatementMethod StatementMethod Statement

o Permit To WorkPermit To WorkPermit To WorkPermit To Work

o Security & Welfare ArrangementSecurity & Welfare ArrangementSecurity & Welfare ArrangementSecurity & Welfare Arrangement

o Induction & TrainingInduction & TrainingInduction & TrainingInduction & Training

o PromotionPromotionPromotionPromotion

o Inspection & AuditInspection & AuditInspection & AuditInspection & Audit

o Environmental ArrangementEnvironmental ArrangementEnvironmental ArrangementEnvironmental Arrangement

o DocumentationDocumentationDocumentationDocumentation

Contract ManagementContract Management


�Excavation/Trenches

�Piling

�Formwork/Rebar

�Concreting

�Temporary Structures

�Scaffolding

�Working at Height

�Working at Night

Contract ManagementContract Management

B. CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIESB. CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIESB. CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIESB. CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES

�Woodwork/Carpentry

�Blasting

�Demolition

�Welding

�Plant & Tools

�Lifting Operations

�Working Over Water

�ETC


THANK YOU

� �

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