nafura1 science centes- and adkins ~refum.....junco, cardinal, beaver, squirrel deer" pawpaw...
TRANSCRIPT
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CoD1Piled by the u.s- F"1Sh and Wddlife Service, dlesapeake Bay Field Office, in coo~tion with frvin~Nafura1 Science Centes- and Adkins ~refum..
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u.s. fish and Wildlife SeMce, a,...peake Bay Field Offi~The Fish and Wildlife Service is a federal agency ~nsible for protecting. enhancing and managing thenation's fish and wildlife resources. The Chesapeake Bay Field Office has 5evernl programs to assist privatelandowneJS and sd\ools in wildlife tJabitat restoratiorL .
Address: 177 Admiral CodJrane Drive, Annapolis, MD 21401. Telephone: (470) S7304sDO.
Irvine Natur'!l Science CenterTh~ Irvine Natural Sdence Centef" is a private nonprofit eduationaJ organization offering programs of environ-mental stUdJes and natur3J srienc:e to dJildren and adults in .the greater Baltimore area. The purpose of theseprograms is to inspire an apprecIation and ~ for the natural world, to increase awareness of environmentalissues and' to encourage ind"Mduats to sustain the e,ard'I's e=-In.. '. .
Address: st. 1imothy's SdJooJ, Stevenson, MD 21153. Telephone: (470) 484-2413.
Adkins ArboretumAdkin.s ArboretiJm contains 500 acres of native trees and shnilis arranged.in nafural foresttypes- The a:rborewmoffers eduC4tional programs:.Address: Tud:ahoe S~te Park, Rt 1 Box 23, Queen Anne, MD 21657. TeJephon~ (4JD) 63+2847.
Compiled by Ridl Mason and Jason Hitd1cod.Cover illustration by Sandy Jannid1e.Other illustrations by Sandy Glover and -Rim Maso[L
Not for re.iie.
This guide may be repn>duced without pem1ission.
Nollember 7995
3. Planting layout: PlanfS OCOJr in nawraJ plant communitiBSin many d"rfferent arrangements..1be most common~gement OCCJ!S when similar sped~ of plants ~loosely grouped together (see the following diagrdm).ThBSe group~ overlap and ~ inrerspe,$ed with other
spede!i.
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4. plant Spacing: Do not plant on a grid pattern with plantsevenly spaced. Attempt to simulate the random spadngth3t ~ in nab.Jral plant conununities. The funowingspadng guidelines afe used to detemline the number ofplants ~ed for a specific area: Herb~ plants l' to2. apart. Shrubs and sman tree; 5' to 8' apart. ~ 1Jees10' to 15' apart.
s. Selea a variety of plants that fruit or bloom duringdifferent times of the year to pr-ovide food for wildlifeyear round
WHY USE NA 11VE PlANtS?
Native Or indigenous plantS are adapted to the local soilrrain mIl and temperature cond"rtions, and have developednatural defenses to withstand many types of i~ anddisea-ses. Beca.use of lf1ese trajts, native plants Wl1I growwithout a lot of maintenance. Wildlife species evolve withplants; therefore, they use native plant ccmmuQjtjes as theirhabitat. Using native plants helps preserve the balance ofnat1Jra.I -.In contrast. many nalura.J ecosystemshave been degraded by exotic,. Or non-native plants intro-duced from other parts of the world Some of 1hese intro-duced plan~ are invasive. meaning dley do not have anynatural con0'01s. Invasive plants can spread rapidly andsmother native vegetatjo(l. ~ impaded by invasiveexotic plants have less wildlife and plant diversity thanunaffected systems. A list of Invasive ~otic plants to avoid isprovided in the bad<. of this guide.
WHERE TO AND NATIVE PLANTS
Most nu~es ca.rry some native plants. A few nurseriesspedalize in native pbnts and C;Jtry a greater selecljon thantradiuonal nurseries- Plants should never be CDIlected fromthe wild unless the area is being deared for devefopment.
Plantingl..ayout
TlPS ON SrrE SEL.ECfION
1. Identify areas of unused lawn that could be natlJraflZed forless rn.1intenance and better wildlife habitat.
2. Look for opportunities to expand the size of existing
natural areas-
3. look for wayS to make corridors for wildrJfe by connect-ing natllral areas with hedgerows. Hedgerows are narrowbands of vegetation like the ones found between tl.rmfields.
..$i~..
Different species
6. larger areas usually provide habitat for more species than
sm3f1eJ"areas.
TIPS ON DESIGNING A HABn-AT
1. Where feasible, try to re-create components found innaturaJ habitats. For Instance. a woodland indudes smallherbaceous plants, small shrubs, large shrubs, small treesand large trees as well as decaying logs, dead bnJSh andleaf ~itter. Incorporate as many of these features aspossible into a woodLand habitat project.
7- A diversity of plants win attract more wildlife.
8. Provide water if possible. Bird baths or shallow dish~work well A small temporary puddle or pool may providea place for frogs and salamanders to lay eggs.2. AITange your native plants in aggregate groups or groves
~thef than individuaJ plants sutn)lU1ded by mowed lawn.Aggregate plantings resemble the natural plant commun...ties tha~ wildlife use as habitat. By not mowing betweenplants, other plants will colonize your planting, adding [0the habitat diversity -Remove any invasive exotic plants.
9. Incorporate feeders and nesting boxes to complement
plantings.
10. Avoid using toxic p~ddes.
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Red Mardt bloom. red faIt color.
medilUn to fast growd'I rate. height
40'060', a~ not over plant
Food: Seeds and sap. Wadlife:
d1ickadef:;, mbirl, cardinal, findles,dJipmunk. deer
Acer Iubn.JmUgftt: partial to fun sunMoisture: Wet to well-drained(to!fntes 800ding}
Kiw.-Birdl
BefuJanigra
Unique peeling r~ bark.medium to fust growth rate. height30'-50"
food: frujr. sap, buds. wddfife: ducks,ntrthatdleS, dtiOOdees, finches, foxsparrow. rabbit
BiUemUtHickory
Ca(ya cardiformis
Food: nuts. sap, foliage. Wildlife::woodpedcets, blue jay, nutha.tdles,
warblel5, COIrdnal, dlipmunk
Slender with \argt! crown, slow tcmedium groWth Qte, height 60'-80'
light partial to fun sunMoisture: wet to well-drained(tolera~ flooding}-
U~t: partial SUnMoisture: wet ro ~ne-d
Adapted to a wide ~nge of ccndi-tions. medium tD fast grOw1h ~te,height 40'-W
food: fnJir. twigs. Wildlife: mourning
dO'"'e, quail. bluebird, catbIrd,thrushffi, Spanows, squi~l, deer
Hadbeny
Ce1tis occidenra/is
light partial to full SUnMoisture= wet to we~ned
Dioed~. orcmge fruit used forjellies, medium to slow growti'l raterheight 35'-60'
Food: fruil ~fe: woodped:ers.mod:ingbird. robin, cedar ~ng,bluebird, opossum. skunk. fox, deer
Persimmon
Oiospyros vilginiana
Ligf'lt: fun sunMoisture: wet to weIJ.drained
Beautiful smooth Sil1Iet'Y-white bark,excellent shade nee, slow growthrate" height 50'-100
Food:. nuts, sap, buds. Wildlife: wooddud-. quail, wood~, blue jay,~ Ii~ dtidcadees, nuti\a~
Beech
Fagus grandifolia
tight: partial to full sun (prefe15PaI1i3I when young)MoisUJre; moist tg welkjrained
Yellow to dark maroon faD cokJr,medium ~ rate. height 50'-80'
Food: seeds, foliage. Wildlife: firK:hes,grcs~, wood dud. red-wingedbladcbird, squirTeL deef"
Wbitr:Ash
Fraxinus ameriQna
ught: partial to fun sunMoisUJre; moist to wei~rained
Food: seeds, foliage. mdlife: findle5,grosbeaks. wood dudc, red-wingedbladbird, squirrel deer
yellow fan color, fast growth rate.height 50'--60'
~
Ftaxinus pennsyfvaniCl
tight partial to fun sunMoisnJre: wet to weJI-drair1ed
Black walnut
lugJ:ms nigraFood: nuts. Wildrrfe: woodpeckers.
~id:adees. bllJe jay. warblers. junco,
Carolina wren, squirrel
Highly prized wood. edjble nutS.medium growth rate. height SO'p7S'
ught full sunMoisnJre: moist to wel~ined{best growth in rid1 moist soil)
Adapted to a wide (dnge of cond"t-tions. yei!~ fall color, mediumto fast growth (d~ heig/1t 60'-80"
Food: seeds. Wddlif~ mourningdove. c3n)lina wren, finches, junco,bea~, squinel, rnipmunk
~ Gum Light: paniaI ro full sun
Uquidambar styradfl(Ja Moistt1re; wet to weU-dtained
\CY1>
I~Graceful, iaIBe yellow flower, golden
yellow fuU CDlor, fast growth rate.height 70'-120' or more
Tulip Poplar
UIiodendron tulipifera
Ught: partial tD fun sunMcisbJre: moist to welJ..drained
Bladl:.Cum
Nyssa sy/varica
Beautiful, shiny ween 1e4Ve5, brightred faU color. blui:ih berries, slowgrowth rate. height 30'-60"
Food: ~ sap, nedar. w~
d1ickadees.woodpedcet$.coudinalfindJes, hmnmingbini honeybees
~ ~es. Wildrlfe: wood ducj(.
1hn.IS~, -~kingbird, cedar waxwing. squiReI
Light: partiaJ to fuU sunMoi5n1re: wet to well-drained
Sourwood Ught: shade to fuJI sun~ .aIi>oI'eI.mI Moistu~ wd-drained
pyramidal sf1ape with drooping
brand1es, white ~ brlirla:ittS<2rfet faD O]lor. sJow groWth rate.
height 25'-35'
Food: twigs. Wildlife: deE?S'
Unique white and brt:>wn peeling~ fast growth rate, among thet:JJtest of native ~, height 75'-100'
f1:)Od: seeds. Wiki&fe: finches, sqtJifreJ. IAlso provides nest1ng: avities- I
-.
SycanJOre
Platanus ocridentalis
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ught partial to CuD sunMoisture: wet to ~ned
B1ackC1enyPrunus seroCina
Light: fun SW1
MoisnIre; moist tD wen-d~ned
White OakQuer= alba
ught:: partial to fu!I sunMoistu~ well..drained
Adaptdble to a range of .Q]nditions. Fcod: benies, sap. WUdrIfe: thnJStIes.white ~. bla<x benies. valuable orioles, tanagers, crows. ~,rimber, fast growth rate, height 40'-60" w(X)cjped:e1S, deer. squine, rabbit
~ -
Majestic. igh~ scaly bGIk. variable faDcolor, slow to mecGwn groWth rdte.height 50'-90'
Swamp OakQuen:us bicotor
Good ~ for wet sites. slow tomedium growth rate. height 60'.70'
Food: acnms are a very impor1&lnt
food source. Wddfife: quail, wrlcey.
grouse. duds, -.blfJejay, brown thrasher. towhee.
nUthatdl. ~nei. d1ipmunl-.raa;(X]n, gopher, opossum. deer
!fSQrletOak
Quen::us ax:dnea
Scarlet red tIll color. medium growthrate. height 40".60'
same as White Oak
Ughi: partial to fun SUnMoisture: wet to ~ned
I.jght: fun sunMoisture: moN to well..drdined
.
sameasWhiteO3kSouthemRedOak
Quen:ll5 falca.ti
large crown and limbs. good shadetree. variable fan color, medium tosfow growth rate. heirJ1t 70'-80"
LJght:fuIJsunMoisture: moist to weIkjrajned
Small bt3n~, bronze or red fancolor, medium gn:r.'t'd.. rate. height60'-30'
same as White OakPin OB
QUeralS,light: full ~nMoisture= wet to rnoisT-
.
Willow Oak
Querr::IJS phel/os
Adapted to a romge of conditjons.5111311 WI"Uaw.fike ~. skJw to
medium growth rote. height 70'-SO'
same as White OakUghtfuUslJnMoisture: wet to wen-dr-ained
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palustJjs
~Oak
Quen:us prin us
Light: partial to fun sunMoistuJe:weBodrajned
same as White OakLeaves similar to Amerian Q,estrJut.orange.yeUow faD color. slow COmedium growth rate, height 60'-70'
Red Oak
QUetciJS rubraUsed eX1ensiIIeIy for ~ing,exceDentred fan color, medium tofast growth rate. height 60'-75'
same as White Oaklight: fun SW1Moisture: well-drajned
BlaaOak
Quera.rs velutina
SimIlar and often hybrlClZffi with RedOak. meQum to fast growth rate.hei~t SO'-6O'
same as White Oaklight: fuB sun
MoisUJ(e; weU-d1ai ned
alack WillowSaJix nig:ra
light: partial to full sunMoisture: flooded to moist
Dense light green foliage, exc:efJe.rltstreambank stabilizef" .fast growthrate. height 40'-80'
Food: buds, rw;gs, fortage- WilcBife-grouse, be.aYet, deer
~
Sassafras a!bidum
Food: fruit. Wildlife; quail. catbild.
fiyca~, mockingbird, pile.atedwoodpedl;e(
Dark green leaves of dvee olfferent
shapes, medium growth rate. height30'-60'
Light: partial fD fun sunMoisnJ~ moist to well-drained
8aldCypressTa:mdium alstid1um
Ught: panial to fuU sunMoisture: flooded to wet
Tall gra(E{u1 tree with feathery lightg~.n foliage, deciduous Q)nifer Imedium growth rate. height 50'.70'
Food: seem, f0/iage. Wild rIfe: duOO,marsh birds
~1..:~;~..
Ju~, Sha~G Ser\iceberry, ~ier aJDo~
AC1nadensi:s
~ite flOWel5 in early spring. bloom5during shad nm. edible benies inJune. A arl>orea smaU tree,A anadensis more sh~medium growth rate. height 15'-30'
light: shade to fun SunMoisture: wet to well.drained
Food: berri~, twigs. Wildlifec.thnJshes; bro'M1 thrasher. catbird,--orioles, lanag~, robin,junco, cardinal, beaver, squirreL deer"
pawpaw
Asimil1a ttiloba
Light: shade to fun sunMoisture: wet tc moist
large leaves. unique ~, ediblefruit with ~ taste. mediumgrowth rate. height 6'-20"
Food~ fruit. Wildlife: s~1 mammals
Hombe:am. lionwood, Light: shade to partial sunMusdewoOO Moisture: wet tD mo~~inus carolinia.na
Food: seeds, buds. Wildfjfe: wood
duck, qua.il, beaver, squirrel, deerUnique fluted gray baJk. slow growthrate, height 20'-40'
~v~~
v'f1X}d: benies. Wildlife: rabbit. deerBeautiful ~te iJowers, fragran~ bluefan benies, $IDw ~ rate.. height8'-20'
fringetreealicnanthusvirginialS
light: shade to fun sunMo;sttIre: wer to wen.drained
Food: benie5. foii~ twigs. W~
qu3l1, -cedar waxwingvireos, ~mai, squirrel,. r3bbit
Ught: shade to panjal sunMoisture: wen.drdined
~ns Do;wood
Comus florida
l.aIge white flowas symbofizingspring in the Eastem woodlands. redbaTie5., sk7N 11) medium gtowth rate.height 1 S".30'
Fcod: seeds, bNigs. WiIdUfe; red-eyed
vireo, -.towhee. squirrel,deet'
Almost ~ waxy fcflage. laJEewhite flowers, red berries, med"1Uffi tofast; growth rate, height 15"--40'
Swerlhay Magnolia
Magnolia virgjni;ma
Light p~r1jai to full sunMoiStw-e: wet to we:U-drained
Food: nuts, buds. y.JjIdIifu: wood
duck. quai!, rabbit. deer, squjftclG(3cefuI, drooping brand1e5. slowgrowth fate, height 20'-40'
Ho-~ virginiana
Light: ~rtiaJ to full sunMoiStw"e: moist tD weII-drained
Hardy, white 6oweIS. purple bellies.
yeOow faD color. mediwn gJO\Vth
rate. height 1S'.30'
Cnlnnl(Jn ~edlef'fY ught: partidJ tD full sunPrunus virginjana MoiSture; moist to ~rained
Fo~ berries. buds, foliage. Wi1dIife:
quai.biuebirrl,catbird.~thrasher". Wt>odpedcelS, rOIbbir. squirrel
~'1;J:4~~'
Smootl1AIder-
A/nus sem1fala
~ seeds. buds. Wildlife: du~,quaJ1, finches,. mouming dove, deer
TaB with mulrlple trunks, small white
flowers. good stteambank stabiTrzer.
height 10'-20"
light: partial m full sunMoisture: we!
FtXJd: berries, nectar. WBdUfe:: robin,
woodpeckers, otbird. sparrows,
d1ipmunk.butteriries
Devn.. Wallcing Stid.:.HeraaI4=s CubArarJG spinosa
talge thoms. large whim flowerdusters, red benies in fall. slow tomedium gn:JWth late:. height 8'-15'
Ught: partiaJ to fuU sunMoisttJre: moist to ~rained
SmaU white flowers. bright red fruit.more nuit in full sun. slow gmwtbJ3.te. height 6'.10"
food: benies. buds. Wildlife: grouse, :
dUOOdees. cedar ~g, meadDW;
Ialk.squin"el
R.edd1okeberry
Amnia arbutifolia
Ugt"lt partial to full sunMois:nJre= wet to well-drained
Fuod: bemesl buds.. Wildlife: ~use,dlickadees, c.f.:daf W3XWing.. meadow~
Iarlc.squin'el -
More adaptffi to wetter areas thanred d1okeberry , darlc purple benies.slow gn:Iwrh rate. height 3'.5'
glad C1tokebenyAmnia me/:ar)ocaJpa
Ught: shade to fun sunMoisture; wet to moist
BuUollbush
Cephalimrhus
occident3Jis
Light: partial to fuU sunMoisture: flooded to wet
Unusual round white flowers June-July, medium yowth rate, height. 3'-6'
Food: seeds, ne::1ar. Wikmfe:hununingbi~, ducks, ral1s. beaVef" ,
butterflies. othel" insecs
b .p.
--\" ~ ;~
1.'1..-1~,, c
-/I, .).-
'./ .",'
/ L-.~ ""' '. \. ' ""
~ \ :.
~
/ .---~-- Aowaing Dogwood
Comus florida
j ~ ,--::-. , '" -.
-,,;Buttonbush .
Cephalanthus ocr:identalis(
6
HighbU$h BladcberryRubus ;ugutus
~~
~
8
White Pine
Pinus strobus
10
LIght: partial to full sunMoisture: flooded O'.osSalinity; fresh to 1Oppt
Upright flat leaf blade. yel1ow-brownflower. spreads moderately , height1'-4'
Food: roots. Wildrrfe: dud;.!;, muskratSweet flag
Aaml$ ~us
Swamp Milkweed
.I\sdepiiiS iocama.ta
Ught: partial to fun sunMoisture: wet to m()istSalinity: fresh
Pink fk>wet d~ters Jufy-Aug., height
2'-4'
Food: nec&Ir .WiIdUfe: butterflies,other insects; Monardl butterfly host
plant
NewEndandAst8'
AsfeJ novae-ang/ia.e
Light: partial to fuU sunMoisture: wet to moist
Salinity: fl-esh
Lavender/blue flowers Aug.-Od...i'eght 3'-5'
Food: nectar. Wildlife; bUtterlfleS,
other insects
T ussod Sedge~5lricfa
tight: fun sunMoistwe: flooded O'.0.S'Salinity; fl-esh
Crows in dumps or b!SSocks,grCISSlike. soft weeping leaves.spreads moderately, height 1'-3'
Food: seeds, leaves. Wild rIfe: treeand field 5pam)WS, find1es. deer
Boneset Light; partial to fuD sun
&.lp;;Italium petfoiianJm MoistlIIe: wet to moist
Salinity: fresh
White flower dusters July-Au~
height 3'-5'
Food: nectar .Wildlife: butterflie5,orJ'l« insects
Joe ~ Weed Light partjal to fuU 5Un
£upafDlium purpureum Moisture: wet III moist;E;upalorjum dubium Salinity: fresh
laIge purple/white flower dustel::sJuly-Aug.. height 5'-1 0'
Food: nedar. Wildlife: bvttetffies,othef' insectS
~ HibisalS Ught: partial to full sunHibisaJS mosdteutos Moisture: flooded 0.-3.8= ~ " :Saii"""ru;~~s;;;
YeDow Water Iris Ught: fun sun to produce flowerIris ~udacorus Moistu~ ikx>ded o.~s
sannity: flesh
Denser shnlb (ike. large showy pinkor white flowers, spreads slowly,
height 3'-7
Food: nectar. Wildlife: hummingbird
Long fiat leave blades, yellowflowers, Spre3ds slowly, height 1'.2'
Food: neaar. shoots.- Wildlife:nULS1:rar. butterflies, other insects
Blue Watet' Iris,Blue&gIris vetSiCOJor
ught fuU SUn to produa: flower~ flooded O'.{J5'Salinity: ~
Long flat leave blades, showy blueflowers, spreads slowly, height 1'~2'
Fuod: nectar, shoots- Wlldflfe;mus!qoaf. butterflies, other insects
Soft RushJUnaJS effr5us
Light full SUnMo~ wetSafinity: fresh
Uptight round stems. grows indumps, spreads slowly. height 2'-3'
~; roots. Wildlife: maJSl1biITJs
Joe Pye Weed
E-upa-torium purpureum
E. dubium
---
~ ..~ 81~."ol ~ '\. New EnI: Aster
i/ 1 .Aster no~e-angllae
~
0 v!"
11
Dudc f'oCltoSagjt1;llia latifolia
12
Dominant plant in the higher salt~ zone. soft hay-ike ~spreads moderately, height 1'-3'
Food: seeds. roo~ WiJdfife: bL1dcdud.-. Canada goose. snow goose.r311s. seaside and sharp..tailedspanUW:i, muskrat
Spaltina pa1enS
Light: fuB SID1
MDisnBe wet to moist
Salinity: brackish to 35ppt
New york IrunweedVemonia-
Large deep-purple flower duster Aug- Food: nedac. ~ hutterffies,Sept., teght 5'-8' omer insects
Light; fun sun~ ~ to moistSalinity: fresh
WiJdRn~ aqcsatil:a
Light: fun sunMoc.ture: flooded 0'-3'Sarlnity: ~
T aD, sler\clef' , grasslike. prized
gOUlmet food, height 6'-10"
Food:: seeds. WIldlife: ducks, rails,bladdJirm,span'OWS, bobolink
Unusu3l scarlet/yellow DJbularflowers Mard1-May, hejght 1'.2'
Food: nectar. Wiktlife: humming..birds, butterilies. od\er insetts
Ugtlt: fufI sunMoisttlre:welJ-dfGinedto dry
Ca~~
Asrlepias syriaa
Pinkish flower dusters June-July.unique seed pod. height 2'-5'
Food: ne(1al" .Wildrsfu: buttaflies(Monard1 host plant}, other insects
Ught: full sunMoisWre: weU-drained to dry
B-Asdepias(IJbemsa
Bri1liant orange flowers Jun~ufy,height 1'-2'
Food: nectar. Wildlrfe: butterflies
(Monardl host plant). other- inseds
Ljght:fullsun
M~ wei~ to dry
CreatAsfH
~grandiflorusUght: paniaI to full 5Uf1~ wet to moist
Ft)Oti: nec:J;Jr, seeds, leaves. Wildflfe:buttetflies. other insedS, limited use
by birds and srnaU mammals
Purple/violet flowers SepL-NOV..height 2'-5'
..~-oL~
~ Ia.evis .light; partial to full suI:'Moisture:rIK}iSt
Purplefviole. floWelS .Sept.-Nov ..height 2'~S.
Food: nea'lr, seeds, leaves. Wildlife:butterflies, othel" insedS, limited useby birds and small ~
New England Aster
A5tErnavaeoan1giae
Ught p.artjaI to fuD sun
MoiSt1lre; wet to moistPurple/violet flowers Sept.-Nov.,height 2'~S'
Food: neCf;!r, seeds, leaves. Wddlifu:butterflies, other- insects, limited useby birds and small mammals
ShawyAster"
Aster Sped;ab,~
Purple/violet flowef1j Sepr.-Nov.,heir)lt 2'-5'
food: nedal", seeds, leaves. Wildlife:bunerlfies, other insects, nmited useby birds and sma.lJ mammals
light: parbal to fuU SUnMoisture: weIJ..drO!ined to dry
Wild Blue Indigo
Baptisia austraf!S
Indigo/blue flcwef$ May-jUIle. height3'.5'
Food: nectar. Wildlife.: butterflies.other i nseas
Ught: full sunMoisWre:: wenodr3:1ned to dry
~ ,New York IronweedVernonia noveboracensis
?Jr'"
13
WildColumbia�
Aquilegja canadensis
~
\Ni1d ~ntMonarda tistu/Q.'Wi
Maryland GoldenasterQrycpsis mari-;ina
~
-
14
Light paniaJ sunMoisture: moist
'oM1ite tlO~ May.June. heigtlt 1'-2' food: nedar. Wildrlfe: butterflies.
otherinseasPE!n$tenon laevigaI11s
P. digitillis
Summer or Blue Phlox Light partial to fun sunPhlox divaricaCl MoistUre: moist to dry
Pink fioWCfS Apnl-May, height .5'-1.5' Food: nedar .Wildlife: hummingbird,
butterflies. othel" insects
Light paniai to fuU sunMoisture: wet to moist
Lavender 1lowers July.Sept.. height2'.7'
Food: nectar. Wildfde: hummingbird,bUtterfi"les. other inse<:IS
FaDPblox
Phlox paniallata
BIat:k-e,'ed s~Rudbt!c*ia hina
Yellow flowers With dark c;enter June.
Aug:.. height 2'-3'Food: nectar. Wddtife: bUttertrIes.other i~
Ught: parti31 to fuD runMoisture: moist to wei&.d~ned
Gn:en Condiower
Rudbed7ia landniata
Light: partjaI to fun SUnMoisnJre: wet to moiSt
Greenish yellow flowers Ailg.-Oct.,height 2'..S'
Food: necrar .Wildlife: bUtterflies,a ther InseCtS
1hree-IobedConeflo\toer
Rudbeckia: rn1oba
Deep yellow flowers june-Qct., height F1Jod: neclar. WlJdlife= butterflie5,2'.5' other ir1~ .
ught: partial to fuU SunMoisture: moist to wcl~rained
Rough Goldenrod
SoIidagorogosalight:' partial to fun sun Mol'e than 100 goldenrod species in
North America, wispy yellow flowers,height 3'.5'
Food: seeds, nectar- Wildlife:
goldfirld1, junco, 5pamJws, butter-1ties, ottler inseClS
INV ASM EXOTIC PLANTS
The foUowing is a partial list of ~c plantS known to beinvasive in pans of the Mid-AtJantic region.. None of thefollowing should be planted. We recommetld consulting an~ert about removing any of tl1e following from your sire.
("
Asiatic sound sedge (Carex frurf!Scens)
Spotted knapweed (CentauR!a maaJ/osa)Canada thistJe ( O1sium arvense )BIJU thistfe (Cirsium vu/gare)Crown vetdl (Corcnilla varia)
O1lnese yam (Dioscarea baratas)OJinese lespedeza (Lespedeza OJneara)
Purple [oos~ (LydJrum sa1iC2ria)Eularla (Microstegium vimineum)AneiJimia ( M urdannia keisak )
BeafsteaIc plant (Peril/a frutescens)Common reed (Phragmjte!i aUstrafl5)Jap3X1ese knotweed (Polygonum azspidalUm)
Johfl5On grass (Sorgum ha.lepense)
Trees
Norway maple (Acer pla.tanoides)Sycamore maple (Acer pseudoplatanus)T ree of heaven (Ailanthus altissima )RJJSsian olive (EJamgnus angustifolia)AI.Itumn alive (Baeagnus umbella~)White mulbeny (Morus alba)Empress tree (Paulownia. tomentosa)SWeet dlerry (Pnznus avium)White cottonwood (PDpufus alba)
Shmbs
japanese balbefrt (Berberis rhunbefgJ"i)Winged euonymus (f.uonymus alallls)Privet (L.igustnnn obtuSifolium)Bush honeysuckles (Lonj~ spp.)Common buckthorn (RhamnLtS ~thanica)European budcthom (Rhamnus flangula)Muhifior;1 rose (Rosa. multiflora)Japanese spirea (Spiraea japonica)
VinesPon:elair'l berry (Arripelopsis brE!\lipedunCJ/ata)OrientaJ bittersweet (Ce/a.5l1US orbiaJJala.) ,Oimbing euonymus (Euonymus fortuneJ)English i\iy (Hedera herrx)Japanese honeysuckle (Lonicern japoni,",,"JM%le a minute viQe (Polygonum perfoJianzm)Kudzu {Ptreraria lobaG)Periwinkle (Vm~ minor)Japanese wisteria (WfSteria floribunda)
Herbaceous Plants
Five leaf Akebia (Akebia quinara)
Garlic mustard (Al/ia.ria petio1a.~)
Giant reed (Arundo donax)
BJBUOGRAPHY AND REfERENCES
Birr Rjdlard E Growing and Propagarfng Showy NativeWoody PIanG. University of NortJ1 Carolina Press. 01ape{Hill, North Carolina. 1992..
Brown, Melvin L, Br-Own, R~sell G. Herbaceous Plants ofMalytand. POrt GtY Pressr Balrimo~ MaIYiand 1984.
Brown. Melvin L, Brown, Russell Go Woody PJan[S" of Maty-land. Port City Press, Baltimore, Maryland. 1984.
Dennis. John v. The Wildfife Gardener. Afphred A. Knopf.New York. 1985.
Dirr, Mid'l3eJ A Manual of Woody Landscape PJantS- StipesPublishing COwr OIampaign, Illinois. , 977
Jrvine NaturaJ Science Center. Nalive Plan~ to AJJJa.c:t Birds.Irvine Natural Science Center, Stevenson. Maryland.
M3rtin, Alexander Cor Zim, Herbert S.. Nelson, Arnold LAmerican WIldlife and Plants, A Guide to Wildlife FoodHabi~ Dover Publications, Inc.,. New York. New York. 1951.
Rittenhouse Wilbur. Sd'100/yald Habitat Workshop Note-book. U.s. Fish and WIldlife. Annapol5, Maryland. 1993.
Stupka. Arthur. 1Nildflowers- in Color. Harper and Row, NewYork. 1982.
Thunhol:$t,. Gwendolyn A We:t/and Planting Guide for theNortheastern United States. Environmenr.:JJ Con(:em Inc 1993-
O
Re(;yded paper
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