naging about lisp lisp designers/implementors: dave meyer, vince fuller, darrel lewis, eliot lear,...
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NAGing about LISPNAGing about LISP
LISP Designers/Implementors:Dave Meyer, Vince Fuller, Darrel Lewis, Eliot Lear, Scott Brim,
Dave Oran, Dana Blair, Noel Chiappa, John Curran & Dino Farinacci
LISP Marketing: Elizabeth McGee LISP Project Management: Doug Hantula
Cisco Network Architect GeeksMay 21, 2008
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NAGing about LISPNAGing about LISP NAG - May 2008NAG - May 2008 Slide Slide 22
AgendaAgenda• Problem Statement• Why separate Location from ID?• We have a proposal called LISP
– Provides Features for the architecture– Provides Fixes for the current architecture– With one incremental solution
• Describe LISP+ALT– A mapping database algorithm
• How LISP sites talk to legacy sites• Other Uses of LISP• Prototype and Pilot• Internet Drafts & References
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NAGing about LISPNAGing about LISP NAG - May 2008NAG - May 2008 Slide Slide 33
Provider A10.0.0.0/8
Provider B11.0.0.0/8
R1 R2
BGP
End Site Benefit
(1) Easier Transition to IPv6(2) Change provider without address change
Lower OpEx for Sites and Providers
(1) Improve site multi-homing(2) Improve provider traffic engineering(3) Reduce size of core routing tables
Problem StatementProblem Statement
Site withPI Addresses
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NAGing about LISPNAGing about LISP NAG - May 2008NAG - May 2008 Slide Slide 44
Routing Table Size ProblemRouting Table Size Problem
10^7 routes
Before LISP - all this state in red circle
10^4 routes?
After LISP - this amount in red circle
A 16-bit number!
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NAGing about LISPNAGing about LISP NAG - May 2008NAG - May 2008 Slide Slide 55
Scaling Internet Routing StateScaling Internet Routing State
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NAGing about LISPNAGing about LISP NAG - May 2008NAG - May 2008 Slide Slide 66
Why Separate Location from ID?Why Separate Location from ID?• Level of Indirection allows us to:
– Keep either ID or Location fixed while changing the other
– Create separate namespaces which can have different allocation properties
• By keeping IDs fixed– Assign fixed addresses that never change to
hosts and routers at a site
• You can change Locators– Now the sites can change providers– Now the hosts can move
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NAGing about LISPNAGing about LISP NAG - May 2008NAG - May 2008 Slide Slide 77
Separating (or adding) an AddressSeparating (or adding) an Address
Changing the semantics of the IP address
Locator ID
2001:0102:0304:0506:1111:2222:3333:4444IPv6:
209.131.36.158IPv4:
Locator
.10.0.0.1
ID
ID & Location
ID & Location
If PI, get new locatorIf PA, get new ID
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NAGing about LISPNAGing about LISP NAG - May 2008NAG - May 2008 Slide Slide 88
Provider A10.0.0.0/8
Provider B11.0.0.0/8
S
Multi-Level Addressing
EIDs are inside of sites
RLOCs used in the core
R2R1
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NAGing about LISPNAGing about LISP NAG - May 2008NAG - May 2008 Slide Slide 99
Map-n-Encap vs Address-Map-n-Encap vs Address-RewriteRewrite
Host Stack:supplies IDs
LISP
Router:
supplies RLOCs
by adding new
header
Map-n-Encap Address-Rewrite
Host Stack:supplies IDs
Router:
rewrites RLOCs
from existing
address
GSE
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NAGing about LISPNAGing about LISP NAG - May 2008NAG - May 2008 Slide Slide 1010
LISP - the protocolLISP - the protocol• First the authors:
– Scott Brim, Dino Farinacci, Vince Fuller, Eliot Lear, Darrel Lewis, Dave Meyer, Dave Oran
– Noel Chiappa, John Curran, Jason Schiller
• Many others:
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NAGing about LISPNAGing about LISP NAG - May 2008NAG - May 2008 Slide Slide 1111
Open Policy for LISPOpen Policy for LISP
• It’s been 1 1/2 years since the IAB RAWS– Some of us committed to working in the IETF and IRTF in
an open environment• This is not a Cisco only effort
– We have approached and recruited others– There are no patents (cisco has no IPR on this)– All documents are Internet Drafts
• We need and seek new designers, implementors, and testers
• We need research analysis• We want this to be an open effort!
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NAGing about LISPNAGing about LISP NAG - May 2008NAG - May 2008 Slide Slide 1212
What is LISP?What is LISP?
• Locator/ID Separation Protocol– Network-based solution– No changes to hosts whatsoever– No new addressing changes to site devices– Very few configuration file changes– Imperative to be incrementally deployable– Address family agnostic
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NAGing about LISPNAGing about LISP NAG - May 2008NAG - May 2008 Slide Slide 1313
Packet ForwardingPacket Forwarding
Provider A10.0.0.0/8
Provider B11.0.0.0/8
S
ITR
DITR
ETR
ETR
Provider Y13.0.0.0/8
Provider X12.0.0.0/8S1
S2
D1
D2
PI EID-prefix 1.0.0.0/8 PI EID-prefix 2.0.0.0/8
DNS entry:D.abc.com A 2.0.0.2
EID-prefix: 2.0.0.0/8
Locator-set:
12.0.0.2, priority: 1, weight: 50 (D1)
13.0.0.2, priority: 1, weight: 50 (D2)
Mapping
Entry
1.0.0.1 -> 2.0.0.2
1.0.0.1 -> 2.0.0.2
11.0.0.1 -> 12.0.0.2
Legend:
EIDs -> Green
Locators -> Red
1.0.0.1 -> 2.0.0.2
11.0.0.1 -> 12.0.0.2
1.0.0.1 -> 2.0.0.2
12.0.0.2
13.0.0.2
10.0.0.1
11.0.0.1
Policy controlledby destination site
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NAGing about LISPNAGing about LISP NAG - May 2008NAG - May 2008 Slide Slide 1414
• You need a “map” before you can “encap”
• We have designed several mapping database protocols– CONS, NERD, EMACS, ALT– Tradeoff push versus pull benefit/cost– Needs to be scalable to 1010 entries
• ALT has the most promise– We are deploying ALT
Mapping Database Mapping Database DesignsDesigns
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NAGing about LISPNAGing about LISP NAG - May 2008NAG - May 2008 Slide Slide 1515
What is LISP+ALT?
• EID namespace is used at the site• RLOC namespace is used in the Internet
core• Mappings need to be authoritative and
reside at site ETRs• Advertise EID-prefixes in BGP on an
alternate topology of GRE tunnels• ITRs get mappings by routing Map-
Requests on ALT topology• ETRs respond with Map-Replies
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NAGing about LISPNAGing about LISP NAG - May 2008NAG - May 2008 Slide Slide 1616
Legend:
EIDs -> Green
Locators -> Red
GRE Tunnel
Low Opex
Physical link
Data Packet
Map-Request
Map-Reply
ETR
ETR
ETR
ITR
EID-prefix
240.1.2.0/24
ITR
EID-prefix
240.1.1.0/24
LAT EID-prefix
240.2.1.0/24
240.0.0.1 -> 240.1.1.1
1.1.1
.1
2.2.2.2
3.3.3.3
240.0.0.1 -> 240.1.1.1EID-prefix
240.0.0.0/24
1.1.1.1 -> 11.0.0.1240.0.0.1 -> 240.1.1.1
11.0.0.1 -> 1.1.1.1
ALT-rtr
ALT-rtr
ALT-rtr
ALT-rtr
ALT-rtr
ALT-rtr
12.0.0.1
11.0.0.1
How LISP+ALT Works
?
240.0.0.1 -> 240.1.1.1
11.0.0.1 -> 240.1.1.1
? 240.0.0.1 -> 240.1.1.1
11.0.0.1 -> 240.1.1.1
?<- 240.1.1.0/24
<- 240.1.2.0/24
< - 240.1.0.0/16
?
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NAGing about LISPNAGing about LISP NAG - May 2008NAG - May 2008 Slide Slide 1717
Interworking ExperimentInterworking Experiment
Legend:
LISP Sites -> Green (and EIDs)
non-LISP Sites -> Red (and RLOCs)
xTR
Forward
R-prefix
65.1.0.0/16
R-prefix
65.2.0.0/16
R-prefix
65.3.0.0/16
65.0.0.0/12
Encapsu
late
65.3.3.3 -> 66.3.3.31.3.3.3 -> 65.3.3.3
66.3.3.3 -> 65.3.3.3
65.3.3.3 -> 1.3.3.3
Forward
66.0.0.0/12
Forward
Local/Uncoordinated Solution
1.1.1.1 -> 1.2.2.2
66.1.1.1 -> 66.2.2.2
NR-prefix
1.2.0.0/16
NR-prefix
1.1.0.0/16
NR-prefix
1.3.0.0/16
66.1.1.1
66.2.2.2
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NAGing about LISPNAGing about LISP NAG - May 2008NAG - May 2008 Slide Slide 1818
Interworking ExperimentInterworking Experiment
R-prefix
65.1.0.0/16
R-prefix
65.2.0.0/16
R-prefix
65.3.0.0/16
65.0.0.0/12
66.0.0.0/12
Infrastructure Solution
1.0.0.0/8
Encapsulate
65.1.1.1 -> 1.1.1.1
65.9.1.1 -> 66.1.1.1
65.1.1.1 -> 1.1.1.1
Forwar
d
1.1.1.1 -> 65.1.1.1
PTRPTR
PTRPTR
PTRPTR
65.9.1.1
Legend:
LISP Sites -> Green (and EIDs)
non-LISP Sites -> Red (and RLOCs)
xTR
NR-prefix
1.2.0.0/16
NR-prefix
1.1.0.0/16
NR-prefix
1.3.0.0/16
66.1.1.1
66.2.2.2
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NAGing about LISPNAGing about LISP NAG - May 2008NAG - May 2008 Slide Slide 1919
Other Uses of LISPOther Uses of LISP
• SLBs in Data Centers– ETRs directly connected to servers– ITRs at Data Center edge
• A/V Mobile Truck Roll– Avoid renumber at each event
• BGP-free Core– Intra-AS avoiding storing external routes– RLOCs are PE routers
• Building topological hierarchy with flat addressing– MAC addressing in L2 networks
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NAGing about LISPNAGing about LISP NAG - May 2008NAG - May 2008 Slide Slide 2020
Prototype and PilotPrototype and Pilot
• Prototype has been running for a year– NX-OS on Titaniums
• Alpha has been running for 9 months– Map-Request/Reply, ALT, & Interworking
• External pilot is starting– IPv4 and IPv6 addressing plan complete– EID4-over-RLOC4 and EID6-over-RLOC6– Mixed RLOCs
• EID4-over-RLOC4&6 and EID6-over-RLOC4&6
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NAGing about LISPNAGing about LISP NAG - May 2008NAG - May 2008 Slide Slide 2121
IDsIDsdraft-farinacci-lisp-07.txt
draft-meyer-lisp-cons-03.txt
draft-lear-lisp-nerd-03.txt
draft-fuller-lisp-alt-02.txt
draft-curran-lisp-emacs-00.txt
draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-00.txt
draft-farinacci-lisp-multicast-00.txt
draft-meyer-lisp-eid-block-01.txt
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NAGing about LISPNAGing about LISP NAG - May 2008NAG - May 2008 Slide Slide 2222
ReferencesReferences
• Public mailing list:[email protected]
• Go to a LISP site now:http://www.lisp4.net
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NAGing about LISPNAGing about LISP NAG - May 2008NAG - May 2008 Slide Slide 2323