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  • Name: Per.: Date: Assignment #: Environmental Science …fleminges.weebly.com/uploads/2/4/6/5/24658308/env_sci_notes_15.2.pdf · a. Desertification is especially an issue in the Sahel
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Name: ___________________________________________________ Per.: _______ Date: __________________ Assignment #: ______ Environmental Science 15.2 Crops and Soil A Introduction A. Can any piece of land be used to grow crops? B. Only ____________________ of Earth’s land can be used to grow crops C. As urban areas continue to grow and occupy space, agricultural land becomes __________________________________ and food demand __________________________________ Agriculture: Traditional and Modern A. Basic farming processes: plowing, fertilization, irrigation, and pest control B. Traditional agriculture: a. Farmers or livestock ______________________________________ to help mix and loosen soil b. Organic fertilizers (__________________________________) are used to enrich soil c. Water irrigation via __________________________________ d. __________________________________ must be removed C. Modern Practices/Industrial Countries: a. ____________________________________________________________________ plow soil and harvest crop b. ___________________________________________________ fertilizers are used c. Overhead sprinklers or ___________________________________________________ systems used

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Page 1: Name: Per.: Date: Assignment #: Environmental Science …fleminges.weebly.com/uploads/2/4/6/5/24658308/env_sci_notes_15.2.pdf · a. Desertification is especially an issue in the Sahel

Name:___________________________________________________Per.:_______Date:__________________Assignment#:______EnvironmentalScience15.2CropsandSoilA

Introduction

A. Cananypieceoflandbeusedtogrowcrops?

B. Only____________________ofEarth’slandcanbeusedtogrowcrops

C. Asurbanareascontinuetogrowandoccupyspace,agriculturallandbecomes

__________________________________andfooddemand__________________________________

Agriculture:TraditionalandModern

A. Basicfarmingprocesses:plowing,fertilization,irrigation,andpestcontrol

B. Traditionalagriculture:

a. Farmersorlivestock______________________________________tohelpmixandloosensoil

b. Organicfertilizers(__________________________________)areusedtoenrichsoil

c. Waterirrigationvia__________________________________

d. __________________________________mustberemoved

C. ModernPractices/IndustrialCountries:

a. ____________________________________________________________________plowsoilandharvestcrop

b. ___________________________________________________fertilizersareused

c. Overheadsprinklersor___________________________________________________systemsused

Page 2: Name: Per.: Date: Assignment #: Environmental Science …fleminges.weebly.com/uploads/2/4/6/5/24658308/env_sci_notes_15.2.pdf · a. Desertification is especially an issue in the Sahel

FertileSoil:TheLivingEarth

A. ________________________isformedwhen____________________________________________________________________

intosmallerfragmentsthroughwind,water,andchemicalweathering

B. ___________________________________________=soilthatcansupportthegrowthofhealthyplants

C. __________________________________=thesurfacelayerofsoil=

_____________________________________________________________________________________

a. Topsoilistypicallyricherin________________________________________,andshouldcontainliving

organisms,rocks,water,air,anddeadorganisms

b. ____________________________________________liveinsoilandhelp__________________________________

deadplantsandorganicdebrisàthisaddsmorenutrientstothesoil

SoilErosion:AGlobalProblem

A. Erosion=____________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

a. Erosioncancausetopsoilloss,makingtheland__________________________________

B. Manyfarmingmethods__________________________________therateofsoilerosion

LandDegradation

A. Landbecomes__________________________________whenhumanactivityornaturalprocessesdamage

thelandanditcan_____________________________________________________________________________________

B. ___________________________________________________=whenarelativelydrylandregionbecomes

increasinglyaridanddesert-like

Page 3: Name: Per.: Date: Assignment #: Environmental Science …fleminges.weebly.com/uploads/2/4/6/5/24658308/env_sci_notes_15.2.pdf · a. Desertification is especially an issue in the Sahel

a. DesertificationisespeciallyanissueintheSahelregionofnorthernAfricadueto____________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

SoilConservation

A. Soilmustbeprotectedandmanagedtoreduceerosion

B. Soil-retaining_______________________________helppreventdownhillerosion

C. _______________________________________________orvegetationstripsarealsousedtopreventsoilerosion

D. ________________________________________________helpreduceerosioncausedbywaterwashingawaysoil

E. No-tillfarming=___________________________________________________

a. Helpsreducesoilerosion,butnoteffectiveforallcrops

EnrichingtheSoil

A. Traditionalfarming:addingorganicmatter,suchas_____________________________andleaves,canadd

nutrientstothesoil

B. _________________________________________________arenowusedtoaddnutrients

C. Compost=___________________________________________________organicmaterial

a. Compostcanbeusedtoenrichsoil

Salinization

A. Salinization=the____________________________________________________________________insoil

B. Inregionswithlowrainfall,suchasCalifornia,salinizationisaproblemàhighsaltcontentinsoil

can_____________________________________________________________________________________

Page 4: Name: Per.: Date: Assignment #: Environmental Science …fleminges.weebly.com/uploads/2/4/6/5/24658308/env_sci_notes_15.2.pdf · a. Desertification is especially an issue in the Sahel

Section2FormativeAssessmentp.394

1.

TraditionalFarmingMethods ModernFarmingMethods

2.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


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