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Writing Collection: The Positive and Negative Effects of Peer Pressure

Task Prompt 25: What are the positive and negative effects of peer pressure? After reading The Pact and various newspaper articles about the Three Doctors on the influences of friends on future goals and dreams, write a letter to your fellow high school students that examines the causes of one of the doctor’s successes and struggles and explains the effect(s) of the pact he made with his two friends. What conclusions or implications can you draw? Support your discussion with evidence from the text(s).

IntroductionIn a quick write, write your first reaction to the task prompt. What strategies might you use to gain knowledge of the issue and form an opinion?

Prompt Analysis In your own words, write a brief explanation of what the task is asking you to do.

Product PlanWhat should your final product look like?

Define Content Vocabulary Academic DialogueInfluence: Cause:Peer Pressure: Factual Examples:Pact: Effect:Emulate: Editorial:Intervene: Opinions:

Initial Thoughts Blog Post: What does “peer pressure” mean? What has been your experience with it, either negative or positive, up to this point?

Narrative Writing: LDC, Task 25 Informational 1

Reading Active Reading/Note taking —Writing Standard 2After reading “George on Peer Pressure” from The Pact, list the positive effects of peer pressure and the negative effects of peer pressure. As you record these effects, be sure to include specific quotes from the book with citations.

George on: Peer Pressure

People often ask me how I avoided getting caught up in some of the negative things that many of the guys in my neighborhood were doing when I was growing up. I’ve often thought about that question myself. There wasn’t anything special about me. But I’d have to say that the kinds of friends I chose – positive guys who wanted to do the right thing – made a huge difference in how my life turned out.

In my experience, friends have more influence on one another’s lives than almost anyone else does, especially in those teenage years when kids are trying to discover who they really are. So hooking up with the wrong crowd can really drag you down.

Think about it. Most kids, rich or poor, spend more time with their friends than with their parents. They’re together all day at school. They’re together in the neighborhood after school. And they’re together on the weekends. Maybe they even spend their summers together at summer camp. Their friends define what is acceptable and cool. I’ve never known a kid who doesn’t want to be accepted, myself included. That can be particularly dangerous among boys because something about our makeup or upbringing suggests that to be macho is to be cool. And the wrong set of friends can persuade us that to prove how tough we are, we have to do crazy things, from small acts of defiance or bravado – like shoplifting, daring kids to do things we’d never do ourselves, or bullying – to more serious behavior, like using or selling drugs, getting into fights, stealing cars, robbing people, or worse. That’s why its so important to hang with the right people.

As a kid, I aligned myself with guys who thought like me, guys who did their work in school and avoided the negative stuff. And many of the friends I chose in my neighborhood were younger. I guess in some ways that satisfied my need to be accepted, because they looked up to me. I was pretty much winging it back then, just doing what felt right to me. But with hindsight, I realize that avoiding the older, more intimidating boys, and even becoming a big brother to my friends, was an excellent strategy. It allowed me to set the standard in my group for what was cool. I wasn’t in to drug dealing, stealing, or scheming, so my friends weren’t, either. There were always other guys doing other things, but they didn’t bother me, and I didn’t bother them.

In high school, I followed the same pattern and chose friends who did well in school but still liked to have fun. That’s what drew me to Rameck and Sam. We have the same core desire to make something of our lives, and we brought out the best in one another. We weren’t exactly alike, but that was ok. They never tried to pressure me to indulge. In fact, they never even drank in front of me, so we were cool. I had to put up with some good-natured ribbing every now and then from some of our friends, but I knew it was all in fun. I suppose those were the times when my own confidence came into play. I didn’t like the taste of alcohol, and that was that.

Even though Rameck and Sam would eventually follow neighborhood friends into trouble, I admire them for also having the good sense to recognize that those friends were no good for them, and for having the guts to break away.

I’m not foolish enough to believe that I was able to avoid negative peer pressure alone. In the kind of neighborhood where I grew up, it would have been easy to believe that what I saw was all there was to life. But I had a third-grade teacher who taught me how to dream and to think for myself. I had a friend whose father spent god time with me and made me feel I was worthy of a father’s love. And most of all, I had a mother who worked hard and managed to keep things straight at home.

When I look back over my life and the lives of my friends, I also see that involvement in school and community activities helped us to avoid the negative pull of our peers. I joined the Shakespeare Club in elementary school and the Police Athletic League in elementary and junior high, and I played baseball in high Narrative Writing: LDC, Task 25 Informational 2

school. Sam took karate lessons from grade school through his early years in high school and also played on our high school baseball team. And Rameck took drama lessons in junior high school and in high school he joined the drama club and helped start the United Students Organization. Those activities gave us fun things with which to occupy our minds and our time. But perhaps even more valuable, they provided safe places for us to meet other kids who shared the same interests.

Its hard to have the confidence, especially in the teen years, to stand up for what you believe is right when people all around you are pulled in another direction. That’s where having positive friendships can really help. If you find the right guys to hang with – guys you trust, who share your values and your friendship – you’ll find that you can stand up to almost anything.

You may even be surprised how much you can accomplish together. I certainly was.

Use specific quotes from the passage in the chart below.

Writing Standard 2Positive Effects: Negative Effects:

Synthesize this information into a brief paragraph.

Exit Slip: Why was this passage an effective choice for determining positive and negative effects? Write this as a blog post.


Essential Vocabulary/Active Reading/Text Selection Writing Standard 6Informational Article 1 Authors and 'Three Doctors' bond with fathersBy Bob Minzesheimer, USA TODAY NEWARK — They're three friends from Newark's inner city who demolished the stereotypes, overcame the odds and became doctors and authors.

They called themselves "The Three Doctors." Their third book, The Bond: Three Young Men Learn to Forgive and Reconnect With Their Fathers (Riverhead, $24.95), arrives Thursday.

That also happens to be the birthday of Rameck Hunt's father, Alim Bilal. An ex-con and former drug addict, Bilal belatedly put his life together, inspired by his son's success.

"The publisher didn't know it was his birthday," Hunt says. "It's spooky in a way, but maybe it's a sign: that it's a book that was meant to be."

Hunt, Sampson Davis and George Jenkins, all 34, grew up in broken homes. As they tell it, their mothers and grandmothers did all the heavy lifting of being parents. Their fathers were mostly absent.

That part of the story is all too familiar. The rest is not: The three friends pledged in their senior year of high school that they would all go to college, then on to medical school.

They did, and they wrote about it in their 2002 best seller, The Pact: Three Young Men Make a Promise and Fulfill a Dream. A children's version, WeBeat the Street: How a Friendship Pact Led to Success, followed in 2005.

Hunt, an internist at the University Medical Center in Princeton, N.J., came up with the idea for the new book. At first, he thought it would be about just him and his father.

But as he talked to Davis and Jenkins, "we realized that each of us had a similar but different story to tell. We had all grown up in a world where it seemed normal for men to abandon their children."

Davis, an emergency-room doctor at Newark's St. Michael's Medical Center and two other hospitals, has a Christmas memory of the year when he was 6 when his father pulled a gun on his mother.

"Mine wasn't the kind of house where you could learn a lot about conflict resolution," he says.

Jenkins, a dentist in Harlem and a professor at Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, grew up with little contact with his father, who lived in South Carolina.

"I'm not sure I even knew his phone number," he says.

Never a Father's Day

In their predominantly poor and black Newark neighborhood, Hunt says, "Father's Day was kind of like Rosh Hashana," the Jewish New Year. "It seemed like a celebration for other people, a day that belonged to another culture."

For their book, they enlisted the assistance of Margaret Bernstein, a reporter for the Cleveland Plain Dealer, who wrote an article about them they liked.

They set out not only to describe their childhoods but also to include their fathers' stories and the sons' attempts to get past their lingering resentments. "Sometimes a son has to take it upon himself to bridge the gap when a father can't," is how Hunt puts it.

At the end of a workday last week, the three doctors all looked tired. They were meeting at the Newark campus of Rutgers University, where they have an office for their educational/medical foundation (threedoctorsfoundation .org). But the more they talked about their book, the more energetic they became


Not that is was easy to write. Jenkins recalls that his initial enthusiasm for the project dredged up "bitter feelings I had buried about my dad, feelings that eat at you and can eat you up." For a while, he stopped work on the book, waiting to see chapters from Davis and Hunt. And he had to persuade his father to open up to Bernstein about his failures. Jenkins says, "My attitude was, 'At least he can do this for me.' "

Davis' father, Kenneth, 81, became too ill to cooperate, but the other two dads did. "Both were extremely likable men," Bernstein says. "Although they were absentee fathers, they weren't villains."

By then, Hunt's father, 52, had rebuilt his life and talked "easily about his life and his flaws and his many regrets," she says. "He knew how to wield his personal story effectively, like a cautionary tale."

She found George Jenkins Sr., 65, "wanted badly to not repeat the pattern of fatherlessness he'd had in his own life. Yet he didn't know how to create that bond during his brief visits with his son. I found it sad; he had thought he could wait until George became a man to explain his side of the story, but it was too little too late."

Newark: 'Worst of all'

In 1975, two years after the three doctors were born, Harper's analyzed the 50 largest cities and declared that Newark "stands without serious challenge as worst of all." After decades of losing white and middle-class black residents, downtown is in what officials call a "renaissance," but Newark remains one of the most violent cities. Per capita, its murder rate is three times higher than New York's.

In August, even jaded Newark was shocked by the murders of three black college students who, police said, weren't involved with a gang or drugs, just socializing at a playground. Witnesses said they were lined up and shot in the head in an apparent robbery.

"It's so senseless," Jenkins says. "They weren't bad kids. They weren't in the wrong place, doing the wrong thing. How can you protect them?"

Hunt knows how quickly a life can change on the streets. At 16, he got into a fight with a crackhead, and to show off to his friends, he "gently" stabbed him in the thigh with a knife. Hunt was charged with attempted murder, but the case was thrown out when the victim failed to appear in court. The close call helped him realize "that being a rough guy wasn't me."

None of the three doctors is married or a father. All are dating, a subject they kid each other about. And all say that growing up with absentee fathers has made relationships with women harder.

"I never got a chance to see how to treat a lady every day, how to compromise, how to make a relationship work while raising a family," Jenkins says.

Hunt says: "We didn't write a how-to book. We're not telling anyone how to be a good father. But we wanted to help inspire and provoke people to think about their fathers or their sons and daughters."

He hopes the book is "more universal than it appears on the cover: three young black guys, like this is only a problem for black families."

Statistics do show fatherlessness is most common among poor black families, but Hunt says: "It can be problem even if the dad is in the home but emotionally unavailable. They don't have statistics for that."

At the funeral of Davis' father in May, a relative showed Davis a copy of a résumé Davis wrote when he was in medical school.

"My dad had made copies of it and sent it around to relatives down South to show what I had done. He was proud of me, but he couldn't tell me directly. So part of me has to say, 'That's OK. That's who he was.' "

For years, Jenkins didn't want anyone to think "that my father had something to do with the success I've experienced. So I admit that I have put up a wall between us."

Changing that remains a work in progress. His father's chapter in the book ends hopefully: "I continue to invite George to family reunions so he can meet the folks down here who are so proud of him. Perhaps one of these days, he'll make it."


Jenkins hasn't but says he hopes to someday: "It's always at the wrong time. I'm busy. I've got a new job, and I've got the foundation, and I've got my own life.

"But it's not malicious. I used to have a lot of resentment that he wasn't there when I needed him, but at some point you've got to let it go and say, 'What's the point?' One of these years, I'll make that reunion."

http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/life/books/news/2007-10-02-three-doctors_N.htm

Instructions: Using the article above about the Three Doctors’ fathers, as well as information from The Pact, fill in the Venn Diagram, with one side representing the influences of family members, and the other side representing the influence of friends, etc. outside the family.

Synthesize this information into a brief paragraph:Describe the causes of the doctors’ distance from their fathers as well as the effects of this distance on their lives as adults. HINT: who did the doctors turn to in place of their fathers?


http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/life/books/news/2007-10-02-three-doctors_N.htm

Note-taking: Writing Standard 2Novel Passage 2:

Rameck on: Giving BackI discovered early in my childhood that you don’t need money or status to enrich another person’s life.

Anybody with passion and purpose can do so.Throughout my life, people have given generously of their time, skills, money, and more to help me

succeed. They all had busy lives, and they didn’t owe me a thing. Yet they gave. I’ve always believed in the old adage that says much is required of those to whom much is given. So I’ve always felt compelled to give back.

George, Sam, and I believe strongly that God protected us and lifted us up so that we could become examples to kids today – especially kids growing up in poor communities – of what is possible for them. That’s why we started the mentoring program called Ujima in our freshman year of college, and, more recently, the Three Doctors Foundation.

The ways to give are as boundless as your creativity. Maybe you’re a nurturer and can mentor a younger or less-experienced colleague on the job. Maybe you’re good with children and can spend a few extra hours a week reading or mentoring kids at your local elementary school. Or maybe you have the cash to send a kid in your neighborhood to summer camp or buy groceries for a poor family during the holidays.

Giving is like playing a position on a football team. Everybody can’t be the quarterback. You may be better at linebacker, wide receiver, or water boy. The important thing is that you find your position, whatever it is, and play hard.

As a teenager, I lacked the one person in my life who could have made a difference earlier – a male mentor, a respectable father figure who would have been willing to spend time with me consistently, giving me advice and sharing fun things to keep me away from the bad influences in my neighborhood. I believe that most boys, regardless of who they are or where they live, long for that kind of relationship with a father, a big brother, or even a stranger who steps in to fill the void. And that desire for male guidance stays with us from childhood when our lives are taking shape, to adulthood, when we are making crucial decisions about careers, life, and family.

George always says that people should give even if they are selfish because there are selfish reasons to give. Your gift might touch the life of a child who otherwise might end up breaking into your house, jacking your car, or selling drugs to your child. Or your gift might help raise the brain surgeon who someday saves your life. I’m not trying to scare anyone, but the point is that there is no excuse not to give, even if your reason is a selfish one. But there is another selfish reason to give: when you give to someone else, I’ve found, surprisingly, that you often receive as well.

In college I discovered that when I went to elementary schools to tutor kids, I received as much or more than the children did. We live in an age of excess, in which a person’s value is attached to how much money he makes, what kind of car she drives, how many things have been acquired. But no monetary value can be placed on the feeling that comes when you know you’ve made a difference in another person’s life. And all of us could use a boost in self-esteem – especially teenage boys, who can often be too macho to admit they need a good pat on the back.

And don’t forget – when you touch another person’s life, the gift keeps on multiplying. Consider George’s third-grade teacher. She couldn’t have known then that by making a difference in George’s life, she someday would also make a difference in Sam’s and mine.

After reading this section of the book The Pact, fill in the following chart. If you can, think of and record specific examples of the types of mentors Rameck talks about that you remember from the book. Cause – Type of Mentor Relationship Possible Effect – What could change

because of it


Synthesize this information into a paragraph.

Exit Slip: In a blog post, give the cause of Rameck’s commitment to giving back as well as the long term effect of his giving back.

Prioritizing and Narrowing Information 2: Writing Standard 2

Passage 3: Sam on Reggie (pages 35 – 39)

When I look back over my life, I realize that at the most critical stages, someone was there to reach me with exactly what I needed. A martial arts teacher named Reggie was one of those people. My brother Andre had taken kung-fu lessons from Reggie and had introduced me to him when I was ten. Reggie was in his early twenties himself, and he worked as a security guard in the cemetery across the street from my house. I looked up to him. He made an honest living, didn’t do drugs, and took good care of himself. He was cool and the only man I knew who was respected by some of the toughest guys in the community for doing good. He was looked up to in that bigger-than-life way more often reserved for drug dealers. In Reggie, I saw what I wanted to be: a good guy who commanded respect from the streets in a way that was different from everything I had seen.

Kung Fu was popular at the time. I watched it on television every Saturday morning. Reggie was a highly ranked black belt, good enough to star in a movie, and he taught lessons free of charge at the cemetery to any kid in the neighborhood eager to learn. I never knew anything about Reggie’s background, but I wonder now where he got the insight at such a young age to provide a diversion to kids who could so easily drift into trouble.

On Sundays, a small group of us – Lee, Cornell, Crusher, Eric, and some other drifters – walked through huge, mahogany doors and gathered in an empty room that converted to a chapel for memorial services. Reggie worked behind a desk there. Sometimes he wore his security guard uniform as he led us in practice; other times he practiced with us. We started with warm-up exercises, then spent at least an hour perfecting old sparring moves and learning new ones. Then Reggie led us in meditation. He taught us how to remove ourselves from our environment through deep concentration. As we sat on the floor with our eyes closed and mind blank, Reggie delivered little messages. They were mostly clichés, like “If the blind leads the blind, both of them will


fall into a hole.” Or, “If you feel weak, you will be weak.” But something about sitting there with your mind clear, totally focused on what he was saying, gave his words power.

At the end of each session, we exercised again for an hour, jogging around the cemetery several times or through the neighborhood. We looked like soldiers, jogging in unison with stone faces, right past the tall granite tombstones inside the cemetery gates or the drug dealers and hustlers hanging around outside. The sessions made me feel mentally and physically strong. They had another benefit: they kept me from roaming the streets. I looked up to Reggie and didn’t want to disappoint him.

For four years I was dedicated to learning everything I could about martial arts from my mentor-teacher. But by age fifteen, I had started to slip. I was hanging out until one A.M. with guys who were four to seven years older. We sat around drinking forty ounces of malt liquor and talking trash. At first, I just listened as they shared war stories about their dealings around Dayton Street. In time, though, I would have stories of my own.

A year later, I stopped going to kung fu lessons. I’m sure it’s no coincidence that about the same time, my life shifted gears and began speeding towards trouble.

No matter how much I hung out with my friends and pretended not to care about school, I always managed to excel. Moms couldn’t help me with the homework, but she stayed on me to do well.

“Go to school Marshall,” she said so seriously, as if my life depended on it. I saw close up how she suffered without an education, and I didn’t want the same thing to happen to me.

I aimed as far as I could see: finishing high school. Beyond that, I had no ambition. My teachers seemed to like me. As tough as I acted outside school, I paid attention to them in class and usually did what they asked. Sometimes, though, I had to be creative in explaining a good grade to friends. I lied to them frequently. “I cheated,” I’d say, trying to minimize any accomplishment. Kids who did well in school were considered nerds. I wanted to be cool. And more than anything, I wanted to fit in.

Moms had placed many of her dreams on me. She had sacrificed her education for her family, and she pushed to make sure I took advantage of the opportunity she never had.

Most students in our neighborhood attended Dayton Street elementary until the eighth grade, then went on to high school. In the sixth grade, I was looking forward to returning to Dayton Street as a seventh grader, an upper classman, running things. But my sixth grade teacher, Ms. Sandi Schimmel, approached me and recommended that I take an examination to apply to a magnet program at University High School the following year. University High was one of the more prestigious high schools in the Newark school system and the only one that accepted seventh and eighth graders.

I didn’t want to be bothered with going to another school. Everyone I knew had stayed at Dayton Street until eighth grade.

“Why?” I asked the teacher. She explained that attending University High would give me a better shot at getting into college and

making something of my life. College was far from my mind. But Ms. Schimmel and the principal talked to my mother. They told her I was on a ninth-grade reading level and needed to be at a school where I would be academically challenged. Moms pushed me to take the test.

It helped that I wasn’t the only one handpicked from my school to apply. One of my boys, Craig Jordan, was encouraged to take the test, too. On test day, we rode the bus together to University High School, a boxy two-story structure in the middle of a working-class residential neighborhood. It took us an hour and a half on two public buses to get to the South Ward, where the school was located.

At University High, we walked into a room of unfamiliar faces George was in the room somewhere, but we would not meet until later. I felt uncomfortable, but practically everybody there was from somewhere else, so we all looked out-of-place. I tried hard to concentrate on the test It wasn’t as difficult as I expected. A few weeks later, I got the news: I had made the cut. I was about to become a student at University High.


After reading this excerpt, fill out the chart below by recording relationships that Sam mentions that influenced him in some way. Use direct quotes from the passage

Relationship – person and description Effect on either Sam or someone around him

Exit Slip: In a blog post, describe the cause of Sam’s acceptance into University High and the long-term effect of his acceptance. In your answer, discuss the contrast between Dayton School and University High.


Note-taking 2: Writing Standard 6Article 2

Three friends escaped streets to prosper as "Three Doctors"

By Lornet Turnbull

Seattle Times staff reporter

MIKE SIEGEL / THE SEATTLE TIMES

From left, Sampson Davis, George Jenkins and Rameck Hunt have prospered as doctors after growing up in the inner city of Newark, N.J. They spoke yesterday at the Costco scholarship breakfast.

They spoke in a way they knew these kids could understand, about things to which they could relate. They spoke about the lure of the streets, of growing up in single-parent homes and about being ridiculed for getting good grades.

Three guys from Newark, N.J., who in high school made a pact to stand by one another through fistfights and brushes with the law, yesterday stood as 31-year-old doctors before a group of mostly black male teenagers to show them that they, too, can succeed.

The Three Doctors, as physicians Sampson Davis and Rameck Hunt and dentist George Jenkins are known, told about 100 students from Seattle-area middle and high schools that education was their escape path from the ghetto.

Jenkins and Davis still live in Newark's inner city, not because they have to, but so other troubled youngsters can find role models just down the street.

"Every exam on which you get a good grade will pay dividends in the future," Jenkins told the Seattle teens. "Use our story as evidence that it can be done. All of us had various issues with the law, with family. We know. We've been there."


http://search.nwsource.com/search?sort=date&from=ST&byline=%20Lornet%20Turnbull%20

The men, who established The Three Doctors Foundation as a way to help at-risk kids, were keynote speakers at the 5th Annual Costco Scholarship Breakfast at Seattle University earlier in the day. The Washington Education Foundation, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and The Breakfast Club arranged their chat with the students.

Their message of hope resonated with 14-year-old Jarren Tucker, a freshman at Cleveland High School.

Tucker, who said he is being raised in a home without his father, wants a different kind of life for himself. He's felt the sting of ridicule from friends when he's told them he wants to go to college and become a lawyer.

"You listen to these guys and it makes you think 'their life is not so different from mine.' "

The Three Doctors said Newark's poverty, blight and crime were part of their daily struggle.

"We got used to seeing drug dealings, muggings, car stealing," Davis, an emergency-room physician, said.

The three met in high school. One day in 1990, they were cutting class to avoid a substitute teacher when they ducked into the library and happened upon a health and sciences seminar being conducted by Seton Hall University.

Davis, who dreamed of being a baseball player, recalled that he promptly fell asleep.

"For us, college was a long shot," he said, and they couldn't imagine how their parents would pay for it.

But Jenkins was enthralled and by the end of the day had convinced Davis and Hunt that they were destined to become doctors. They made a pact to stick with one another through college and beyond and do what it took to succeed.

Other friends thought they were crazy. The only black doctor any of them knew of was the fictional character Bill Cosby played on TV. Some teachers even told them they wouldn't succeed.

But to each other they were saying, "yeah, we can do it," Jenkins said.

Davis, Hunt and Jenkins attended Seton Hall University and after graduating, went on to the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey. The cost of college for the trio was offset by financial assistance, including grants.

Hunt, the rapper of the group, described what he calls an alternate universe in some inner-city neighborhoods, where good is bad, up is down and where getting good grades in school is something that earns taunts, while beating up someone wins praise.

"You can flip that on its ear," he told the audience.

He talked about the high odds of becoming what he knows many of them want to be — famous ballplayers and musicians.

"You can be a rapper. There's nothing wrong with being an educated rapper," Hunt said.

That's all Rovelle Brown, 16, has ever wanted to be.

The Cleveland High sophomore, with a black-and-white bandanna tied across his forehead, said he plans to go to college but eventually wants to make rap music.

Brown said he's being raised by his godfather and can relate to the doctors' story. "I'm living without both my mom and dad," he said. "I figured out this is something I gotta do on my own."


http://community.seattletimes.nwsource.com/archive/?date=20041001&slug=threedocs01m

Prioritizing and Narrowing Information

After reading the article and using information you know from the book, list the effects of the pact on the three doctors in one column, and the effect of the pact on other people around them in the other column. Use direct quotes!

Effects of the pact on the three doctors Effects of the pact on people around the three doctors

Exit Slip: In a blog post, complete a 3, 2, 1: Three effects of the pact that the three friends made, two causes of the pact, and one person outside the three doctors who was influenced because of the pact.


http://community.seattletimes.nwsource.com/archive/?date=20041001&slug=threedocs01m

Fill in the chart with evidence from the text that supports this. This is the outline for your 3 body paragraphs.

Negative/Positive effect of Peer Pressure (topic sentence)

Cause and Effect (specific story/situation from the book) of either success or failure.

Commentary (elaboration)

Conclusion:

In conclusion, there are positive and negative effects of peer pressure, shown through _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.


Causes/Effects—Use the chart below to help you organize the causes and effects of success based on the peer pressure (good or bad) that helped the doctor to get to that success that stand in contrast to your stance.

Causes of the Doctor’s Success Effects of the Doctor’s Success Positive OR Negative effect of Peer Pressure that got Him There.


Format of a Letter:

Planning, Initiation of TaskLearning Targets

Paragraph I: Introduction w/ Overview of Positive and Negative Effects

Paragraph II: Evidence from 1st Passage selection with Causes and Effects that prove Positive OR Negative


Paragraph III: Evidence from 2nd Passage selection with Causes and Effects that prove Positive OR Negative

Paragraph IV: Evidence from 3rd Passage selection with Causes and Effects that prove Positive OR Negative

Conclusion: Restates causes and effects and claims either more POSITIVE or more NEGATIVE effects.

Works Cited: MLA Citation on separate page

Development

Using the examples you have already analyzed and the planning you have done, type a first draft of your answer to the following prompt: What are the positive and negative effects of peer pressure? After reading The Pact and various newspaper articles about the Three Doctors on the influences of friends on future goals and dreams, write a letter to your fellow high school students that examines the causes of one of the doctor’s successes and struggles and explains the effect(s) of the pact he made with his two friends. What conclusions or implications can you draw? Support your discussion with evidence from the text(s).

Revision and Editing

Your teacher will give you someone’s first draft. You need to:

1. Read the draft.2. Underline the assertion/thesis. Is the thesis in the first paragraph? Does it answer the prompt question?3. Hi-light in one color the examples from the text that the writer uses to prove their assertion/thesis.4. Hi-light in another color the explanation the author gives in order to connect the examples to the

assertion/thesis. 5. Underline the restated thesis in the conclusion paragraph.6. Hi-light in a third color the restate examples and explanations in the conclusion paragraph.

Turn in the hi-lighted first draft into the tray. Your teacher will read each essay and add comments.

WORKS CITED


Typing final draft

Revise your original essay based on the comments your teacher has added. Also pay attention to the hi-lighted portions. If you have very little explanation hi-lighted, you need more, etc.

1. Revise your original essay based on the comments your teacher has added. Make sure you have everything that is asked for in the peer review chart. NOTE: making only the changes recommended by your teacher does NOT guarantee you will receive a E or M.

2. Type your piece in Times New Roman, double-spaced, 12 pt. font. EVERYTHING must be in 12 pt. font.

3. Your essay MUST have a title

Title (Yes, it must be centered, italicized and 12 pt. font)

To double-space:1. Go to Paragraph on the top of the screen.2. Click on arrow.3. Go to Spacing.4. Go to Line Spacing.5. Hit the arrow.6. Choose Double.7. Click the box that says: Don’t add space between paragraphs of the same style.


Additional Resources

Transition Words Words that can be used to show location:above behind by near throughoutacross below down off to the rightagainst beneath in back of onto underalong beside in front of on top of among between inside outside around beyond into over

Words that can be used to show time:while first meanwhile soon thenafter second today later nextat third tomorrow afterward as soon asbefore now next week about when suddenlyduring until yesterday finally

Word that can be used to compare two things:likewise also while in the same waylike as similarly

Words that can be used to contrast two things:but still although on the other handhowever yet otherwise even though

Words that can be used to emphasize a point :again truly especially for this reasonto repeat in fact to emphasize

Words that can be used to conclude or summarize:finally as a result to sum up in conclusionlastly therefore all in all because

Words that can be used to add information:again another for instance for examplealso and moreover additionallyas well besides along with othernext finally in addition

Words that can be used to clarify:that is for instance in other words


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