namibian flood early warning swbpiltsensorweb … flood early warning...namibian flood early warning...
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Namibian Flood Early Warning S W b Pil tSensorWeb Pilot
Dan MandlNASA/Goddard Space Flight Centerp g
Session Title: IN34A. Sensor Networks: F S t th W b IIFrom Sensors to the Web IILocation: 302 (Moscone South)Start time: Wed, Dec 15 - 4:00 PM
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Team Members• Guido Van Langenhove and Staff/Namibia Department of Hydrology
• Joerg Szarzinski, Lorant Czaran and staff/ United Nations Platform for Space‐based Information for Disaster Management and Disaster Response (UN‐SPIDER)
N t li K l S hi Sk k / Uk i i S R h I tit t• Natalia Kussul, Serhiy Skakun/ Ukrainian Space Research Institute
• Carl Keuck, Jan Peter Mund, Herald Mehl/DLR
• Tom DeGroeve/Joint Research Centre
• Tom Rientjes/Geo‐Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC) of the University of j / ( ) yTwente
• Daniel Irwin and SERVIR team/SERVIR
• Lenny Roytman/City College NY
/• Felix Kogan/NOAA
• Martha Maiden , Karen Moe &team/Committee on Earth Observing Satellites (CEOS)/Working Group on Information Systems and Services (WGISS)
• Dan Mandl, Stu Frye, Pat Cappelaere, Fritz Policelli and NASA SensorWeb Team‐ NASA/GSFC, y , pp , /
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Country of Namibiaand Flood Risk Areas in Northand Flood Risk Areas in North
NAMIBIANAMIBIA
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2009 Flood DisasterI F b d M h 2009 t ti l i i d t• In February and March 2009, torrential rains increased water levels in Zambezi, Okavango, Cunene and Chobe Rivers
• This led to a 40‐year flood in Caprivi, Kavango and Cuvelai basins, affecting some 750,000 people (37.5% of populationbasins, affecting some 750,000 people (37.5% of population of Namibia)
• Whole villages were cut off and had to be relocated into camps. Some 50,000 people were displaced
• Livestock were stranded and died of hunger
• 102 people died
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Rescue Operations
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Formation of Flood‐Disease Early Warning P jProject
• Against this background, major goal of the Namibia SensorWeb Pilot Project is a scientifically sound, operational trans‐boundary flood management decision y , p y gsupport system for Southern African region to provide useful flood and waterborne disease forecasting tools for local decision makers.
• Pilot Project established under the auspices of:
– Namibian Ministry of Agriculture Water and Forestry (MAWF), Department of Water Affairs
– Committee on Earth Observing Satellites (CEOS) , Working Group on I f ti S t d S i (WGISS)Information Systems and Services (WGISS)
– And moderated by the United Nations Platform for Space‐based Information for Disaster Management and Emergency Response (UN‐SPIDER).
• Effort consists of identifying and prototyping technology which enables the rapid• Effort consists of identifying and prototyping technology which enables the rapid gathering and dissemination of both space‐based and ground sensor data and data products for the purpose of flood disaster management and water‐borne disease management.
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Timeline of Activities Related to b l l dNamibia Early Warning Flood Project
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Flood SensorWeb Workshop Held in Winhoek, Namibia in January 2010January 2010
Front Row: left to right, Gail D. Mathieu, U.S. Ambassador to Namibia, John Mutorwa, Minister of Ministry of Agriculture, Watery and Forestry (MAWF) and Kari Egge, UN Resident Coordinator in Namibia
The following agencies contributed to establish an international expert team and sent representatives to this field mission: European Commission, Joint Research Center (JRC), Italy; German Aerospace Center (DLR), Germany; German Technical Cooperation (GTZ), Windhoek Namibia; International Institute for Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC) University of TuenteWindhoek, Namibia; International Institute for Geo Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Tuente, The Netherlands; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), US; NOAA / National Environmental Satellite Data and Information Service (NESDIS),US; Ukraine Space Research Institute (USRI), Ukraine; UNESCO; United Nations Resident Coordinator, Namibia; United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs (UNOOSA), Austria/Germany; and World Meteorological Organisation (WMO).
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Namibian Flood Early Warning Prototype
• Namibian Dept of Hydrology installing various telemetered flood d h d d igauges and other ground measurement devices
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Surveying Flood Damage
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Surveying Flood Damage and Validating Water LocationsValidating Water Locations
Guido Van LangenhoveHead, Department of Hydrology, Namibia
Hango LeonardHydrologist & Basin support OfficerHydrologist & Basin support OfficerDepartment of Water Affairs and ForestryCuvelai-Etosha Basin, Oshakati
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Validating Satellite Data via Ground Observations
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Experimental Namibian Flood SensorWeb WebpageNote blue bars indicatinga surge of rainfall upstreamFl d D hb d a surge of rainfall upstream
Then a flood wave appearsdownstream at Rundu rivergauge days later
Flood Dashboard
Namibia Short Term Pilot for 2010Namibia Short Term Pilot for 2010• Colored areas represent catchments where rainfall collects and drains to river basins • River gauges displayed as small circles
D t il d t il bl• Detailed measurements are available on the display by clicking on the river gauge stations.• This display can be viewed and manipulated at: phttp://geobpms.geobliki.com/namibiaandhttp://geobpms.geobliki.com/namibia2
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Zambezi basin consisting ofupper, middle and lower catchments
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Experimental Namibian Flood SensorWeb WebpageView of Available Envisat & EO-1 Overlay Images
Experimental TRMM-based Flood Forecast Products
Flood Dashboard
Envisat SAR and EO-1 Optical Image Overlays
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Sample of Planned Addition of Flood Product Overlay
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Estimated Rainfall Webpage Based on TRMM Data
Experimented with various hydrometeorolgical information for flood forecasting models
remote sensing
rainfall estimates
24 February 2010
NASA Servir Africa
red is > 35 mm
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Experimental TRMM Based Flood Forecast
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MODIS Image of FloodMODIS Image of Flood
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Experimental Flood Extent Data Product Derived from MODIS
First product out of automated MODIS flood extent map pipeline prototype. Used data from March 2009 to test.
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Mashup of Satellite Data and River Gauge Data UsingNamibia2 (Google Earth Version) Webpage Tool
Zambia water linesZambia water linesfrom old database
Lower Zambezi catchmentcatchment
Multiyear river gaugemeasurements
7.500
l
NORMAL, 2009 AND 2010 WATER LEVELS AT KATIMA MULILO ‐ UPDATE 23 FEBRUARY 2010
measurements
4 500
5.500
6.500
normal
2009
2010
2.500
3.500
4.500
Radarsat DataEO 1 Data
0.500
1.500
1‐Jan 21‐Jan 10‐Feb 2‐Mar 22‐Mar 11‐Apr
Envisat swath Radarsat DataMarch 25, 2009
EO-1 DataMarch 2009
Envisat DataMarch 2009 20
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Sample Display of Multi-year Satellite Measurements (in month of March) of Katima Mulilo Linked to JRC Via Namibia Flood Mashup
Based on AMSR-E Microwave Instrument
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Sample Alert During PilotSample Alert During Pilot
Namibia daily flood bulletin 03 March 2010: yThere have again been heavy rains in parts of the Zambezicatchment. See attached NASA map. The waterlevels atChavuma started rising again See attached graph OurChavuma started rising again. See attached graph. Ourforecast remains that the Katima Mulilo waterlevels areheading for 7 m by mid‐March 2010. For perspective, theflood would be:
similar to 2007higher than 2008lower than 2009
But much will depend on the rains and the catchmentresponse in the coming weeks.
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Sample Time Sequence Flood Map Generated by Unosat, Derived from Multiple Satellite Data Sets
Vision is to generate similar product automatically when floods predicted andpair them with river gauge measurements
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Capabilities ChartCapability Commentp y
Global low resolution flood predictive model
TRMM based pilot done
High resolution, basin specific NASA completed experimental high g , phydrological models
p p gresolution model of Lake Victoria basin, would like to do Okavango basin next
Flood gauge data made available on line Pilot done (Namibia Dept of Hydrology
Auto‐generation of MODIS Flood Maps Almost Done
Auto‐generation of EO‐1 flood Map Near future
Auto‐generation of Radarsat flood map FutureAuto generation of Radarsat flood map Future
Auto‐generation of Enivsat flood map Ukraine Space Research Institute
Validation of satellite data and flood location
Namibian Dept of Hydrology, ongoinglocation
Auto‐Integration and auto‐generation of multiple satellite images info flood differential map
Future
differential map
High resolution soil moisture satellite measurements
Future, needed to improve hydrologicalmodels
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Capabilities ChartCapability Commentp y
Building structure location database Done, government of Namibia
Auto‐generation of flood risk map upon prediction of future floods, auto‐
Futureprediction of future floods, autonotification of people in high risk (red) zones
Correlation of past floods to river gauge Ongoingmeasurements to build rudimentary case‐based flood forecast model for selected areas
i f fl d i blAuto‐generation of flood extent maps from TerraSAR
Desirable
High resolution airplane LIDARgenerated Digit Elevation Models (DEM)
Desirable to improve hydrological modelsgenerated Digit Elevation Models (DEM)
Joint Research Centre (JRC) Riverwatch measurements based on Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer ‐ Terra
Done
Microwave Scanning Radiometer Terra(AMSR‐E)
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Validating Rudimentary Forecast Model and S lli I f Fl d ASatellite Imagery for Flood Assessment
• Department of Hydrology validating various flood forecast tools and satellite imagery for flood extentg y
• Ran flood sensorweb system in spring of 2010 to see how good forecast model performs
• Successfully able to project flood wave downstream up to 10 days in advance
• Experimenting with dwelling unit database to overlay on risk map for future flood– Alerts can be sent to warn people to prepare or evacuate
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Planned Flood Pilot Effort for Spring 2011Planned Flood Pilot Effort for Spring 2011
• Use Global Flood Detection System (created and managed by Joint Research Center of European Commission in Italy, Tom De Groeve) to detect flooding levels p y, ) gin the upper regions of the Cuvelai and Zambezi basins
• Using known flood wave delays, trigger automated imaging of the downstream locations to produce flood extent maps as a time series using the EO‐1 satellite and other satellites as available
• Make use of Flood Dashboard to store links to satellite related data products and in‐situ rain and river gauge data
P id t t b l t t i f i th t t f fl di i k• Provide a text box alert area to inform viewers the status of flooding in key areas
• Show river water levels as comparative overlays to average and previous years
• Create a case‐based history of flooding in relationship to rainfall levels, river levels and other pertinent dataand other pertinent data
• Create a rudimentary forecast capability via script and show areas at risk by taking a subset of Dwelling Unit database and showing specific dwelling locations at risk in a specified time frame base on flood forecastp
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Success of Prototyping Effort as Viewed by ibi f d lNamibian, Department of Hydrology
We (Dept of Hydrology, Namibia) see our success as the openings we made with all the assistance offered and given. Some components:
The use of radar images for flood mapping
The access to the space charterp
The tremendous access to satellite images
The actual use of these images
The customized rainfall estimatesThe customized rainfall estimates
The RS estimates (Dartmouth Flood Observatory/European Commission Joint Research Centre)
H hi ll h i l h d l i l h hi h iHow this all augments the conventional hydrological approach which is based on time series in points.
And last but not least the capacity building and access to new techniques f f i lfor our young professionals.
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Backup
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Basic Components Used in Flood-Disease SensorWeb
SensorML
Capabilities
Documents
DataProcessing Node
floods, fires, volcanoes etc
SensorML
SensorML
WebProcessing
Service(WPS)
WebCoverageService(WCS)
WebCoordinate
TransformationService(WCTS)
SASSASWeb Feature
SensorMLCapabilities Documents
EO‐1ata
Nod
e
a N
ode
OpenID 2.0RSS Feeds
SOS
SAS
SOS
SAS
Sensor PlanningService (SPS)
Sensor Alert
Web FeatureService (WFS)
EO 1Satellite
situ
Sen
sor D
a
AV S
enso
r Dat
a
ellit
e so
ra
prod
uctInternetSensor
Data Products
L1G WFS
SPS
WFS
SPS
Sensor AlertService (SAS)
SensorObservation
Service (SOS)
S t llit D t N d
In-s
UA
Sate
sens
data
Decision Support Satellite Data NodeService Chain
Workflow Engine
Decision Support System & Tools
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Campaign Manager Tasking Request PageVisualize request using Google MapVisualize request using Google Map
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Deliver Level 2 Products via News Feeds to Users Along with Links to GeoTiff, KML and information about Image
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Lake Liambezi Flood in Namibia
Landsat Image Oct 18, 2002 EO‐1 Image March 27, 2009
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Lake Liambezi: EO‐1 ALI Image 4‐9‐09 ( 30 m resolution) Overlaid on Formosat Image 4‐5‐09 (2 m
resolution) on Google EarthBoth images Geo‐tiled
Formosat
EO‐1
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Zoom 1 – Note Misalignment ProblemExample of Capability Needing Fix to Get to TRL 7Example of Capability Needing Fix to Get to TRL 7
EO‐1 alignment is off
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Zoom – Note increased detail of Formosat(right portion) vs EO‐1 (left portion)portion) vs EO‐1 (left portion)
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EO-1 & Radarsat 2 Flood Image
EO-1 Image 5-11-09 on Google Earthg gEO-1 Image 5-11-09 overlaid withRadarsat 2 data from 3/25/09, 5/20/09,5/22/09 and 5/29/09 on Google Earth
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SERVIR Experimental/Standard Flood Products Page –P li lli/GSFC ( d t t d)Policelli/GSFC (password protected)
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Red Cross Used Flood Potential Model and Relevant Info to Launch Appeal
From: Frederic Zanetta [mailto:[email protected]] Sent: Monday, August 31, 2009 11:05 AMTo: Policelli, Frederick S. (GSFC-6104)Subject: Use of NASA product
Hi Fritz,
How are you ? I just want to let you know that we have been using today the TRMM product (see attached) to confirm information from the field about floods near Kartoum and we will probably be launching an Emergency Appeal.p y g g y pp
Have a nice day
Frederic
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_________________________________________________________________Frédéric ZanettaOperations Support DepartmentDisaster information senior officerChemin des Crêts 17 | Petit-Saconnex | P.O. Box 372 | 1211 Geneva 19 | SwitzerlandPhone: +41 22 730 4291 | Fax: +41 22 730 4480E-mail: frederic zanetta@ifrc org | Skype: fzanetta
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NOAA POES NOAA GOES
Near Real Time Rainfall Measurements
DMSP
GMS/MTSAT(Japan)
TRMM
Aqua METEOSAT(Europe)
TRMM
TMPA RT ( /h) 18UTC 22 M 2002
1. TRMM used to calibrated all other satellites2. 25-km grid precipitation, every 3 hours, 1998-present; 3. http://trmm.gsfc.nasa.gov
TMPA-RT (mm/h) 18UTC 22 May 2002
From: Hong, Adler