Naming CompoundsNaming Compounds

Ionic Compounds :Ionic Compounds : metals and non-metalsmetals and non-metals

Molecular Compounds : Molecular Compounds : combination of non-metalscombination of non-metals Acids NamesAcids Names

Naming CompoundsNaming Compounds1.1. A binary compound is one made of two A binary compound is one made of two

different elements. There can be one of different elements. There can be one of each element such as in NaCl or KF.each element such as in NaCl or KF.

2.2. There can also be several of each element There can also be several of each element such as Nasuch as Na22O or AlBrO or AlBr33. .

Points to remember about naming a compound from its formula 1.The order for names in a binary compound is first the

cation, then the anion. 2.Use the name of cation with a fixed oxidation state

directly from the periodic table.

3.The name of the anion will be made from the root of the element's name plus the suffix "-ide."

Binary – Ionic CompoundsBinary – Ionic Compounds

Example 1: Write the name of the following formula: Example 1: Write the name of the following formula: MgBrMgBr22

Step #1 - Look at first element and name it. Step #1 - Look at first element and name it. Result of this step = magnesium. Result of this step = magnesium.

Step #2 - Look at second element. Use root of its Step #2 - Look at second element. Use root of its full name ( which is brom-) plus the ending full name ( which is brom-) plus the ending

"-ide." Result of this step = bromide. "-ide." Result of this step = bromide. Magnesium bromide.Magnesium bromide.

Note the presence of the subscript does not play a role in this name.Note the presence of the subscript does not play a role in this name.

Example 2: Write the name of the following formula: Example 2: Write the name of the following formula: NaNa22SS

11stst name: metal name – sodium name: metal name – sodium22ndnd name: root of second element – sulf and ends in name: root of second element – sulf and ends in

“ide” – sulfide.“ide” – sulfide.Sodium sulfide.Sodium sulfide.

Example 3: Write the name of the following formula: Example 3: Write the name of the following formula: HClHCl

11stst name: name of element – hydrogen name: name of element – hydrogen22ndnd name: root of second element – chlor and ends in name: root of second element – chlor and ends in

“ide” – chloride.“ide” – chloride.Hydrogen chlorideHydrogen chloride

Ternary Ionic CompoundsTernary Ionic Compounds

Formulas with 3 or more elements: metals Formulas with 3 or more elements: metals and polyatomic ions or Polyatomic & and polyatomic ions or Polyatomic & PolyatomicPolyatomic

11stst name: name of the element (metal) or name: name of the element (metal) or polyatomic ion (NHpolyatomic ion (NH44).).

22ndnd name: name of the polyatomic ion. name: name of the polyatomic ion.

Ex: NaEx: Na22SOSO44 : sodium sulfate : sodium sulfate

NHNH44NONO33: Ammonium Nitrate: Ammonium Nitrate

Binary Ionic Multi – Charged IonsBinary Ionic Multi – Charged Ions

There are some elements with more than There are some elements with more than one possible charge. Ex: Copper +1, +2one possible charge. Ex: Copper +1, +2

How would you name or recognize which is How would you name or recognize which is used in the formula and name?used in the formula and name?

One of two systems is used. Stock System One of two systems is used. Stock System or Traditional.or Traditional.

Stock System of Naming Stock System of Naming CompoundsCompounds

Roman numeral matching the charge is used.Roman numeral matching the charge is used.

Ex: Cu Ex: Cu +1+1, copper I, copper I

Cu Cu +2+2, copper II, copper II

CuCu+2+2 N0 N033--: Cu(N0: Cu(N033))22 copper II nitrate copper II nitrate

CuCu++ NO NO33-- : CuNO : CuNO33 copper I nitrate copper I nitrate

Traditional Naming of Ionic Traditional Naming of Ionic CompoundsCompounds

Traditional naming of ionic compounds used the Traditional naming of ionic compounds used the latin names or some common names and a latin names or some common names and a suffix corresponding to the charge as follows.suffix corresponding to the charge as follows.

Copper: CuprumCopper: Cuprum

CuCu+1+1: cuprous Cu: cuprous Cu+2+2: cupric: cupric

The The oous ending was used with the lus ending was used with the loower charged wer charged ion.ion.

The The iic ending was used with the hc ending was used with the hiigher charged gher charged ion.ion.

Tradition NamesTradition Names

Ferrous Nitrate : Iron +2, nitrate: Fe(NOFerrous Nitrate : Iron +2, nitrate: Fe(NO33))22

Plumbic Chloride: Lead +4, chlorine: PbClPlumbic Chloride: Lead +4, chlorine: PbCl44

Latin Names:Latin Names:

Ferrum – Iron, Cuprum – Copper,Ferrum – Iron, Cuprum – Copper,

Stannum – Tin, Hydragryum – Mercury Stannum – Tin, Hydragryum – Mercury

Common Names: Any element with more Common Names: Any element with more than one possible charge: lead, mercury, than one possible charge: lead, mercury, tin, etc.tin, etc.

Molecular CompoundsMolecular CompoundsCombinations of non-metals.Combinations of non-metals.The use of prefixes are used in conjunction with roots and The use of prefixes are used in conjunction with roots and

suffixes.suffixes.NumberNumber PrefixPrefix 1 mono1 mono 2 di2 di 3 tri3 tri 4 tetra4 tetra 5 penta or pent5 penta or pent 6 hexa6 hexa 7 hepta7 hepta 8 octa8 octa 9 nana9 nana 10 deca10 deca

Naming Molecular CompoundsNaming Molecular Compounds

Molecular Compounds: combination of non-Molecular Compounds: combination of non-metals.metals.

Binary MolecularBinary Molecular

Use of prefixes to refer to number of atoms Use of prefixes to refer to number of atoms of each element.of each element.

Binary Molecular CompoundsBinary Molecular Compounds

1.1. 11stst name: If the 1 name: If the 1stst element has no element has no subscript use it’s name. If it does have a subscript use it’s name. If it does have a subscript use a prefix which represents subscript use a prefix which represents that number plus the name of the 1that number plus the name of the 1stst element.element.

Ex: COEx: CO22 : carbon : carbon

AsAs22SS33: diarsenic: diarsenic

2.2. 22ndnd name: use a prefix to match the name: use a prefix to match the subscript of the second element plus the subscript of the second element plus the root of the second element and ends in root of the second element and ends in “ide”.“ide”.

Ex: COEx: CO22: dioxide: dioxide

AsAs22OO33: trioxide: trioxide

Complete names: COComplete names: CO22: carbon dioxide: carbon dioxide

AsAs22OO33: diarsenic trioxide: diarsenic trioxide

Naming AcidsNaming Acids

All acid formulas begin with Hydrogen as All acid formulas begin with Hydrogen as the first element. If the material is an the first element. If the material is an acid an (aq) will follow the formula. acid an (aq) will follow the formula. Meaning aqueous solution of.Meaning aqueous solution of.

There are two systems of acid namesThere are two systems of acid names

1.1. Binary – two elements.Binary – two elements.

2.2. Ternary – three or more elements.Ternary – three or more elements.

Binary Acid NamesBinary Acid Names

All binary acid names will follow the All binary acid names will follow the following pattern:following pattern:

11stst name: Begins with the prefix name: Begins with the prefix HydroHydro

+ Root of the second element and ends in “ic”.

2nd name: Acid

Ex: HF – Hydrofluoric Acid,

HBr – Hydrobromic Acid

Ternary Acid NamesTernary Acid Names

Ternary acid names come from the roots of the Ternary acid names come from the roots of the polyatomic ion.polyatomic ion.

The endings are changed as follows:The endings are changed as follows:

ate is changed to ic (higher # of oxygens, greater)ate is changed to ic (higher # of oxygens, greater)

ite is changed to ous (lower # of oxygens)ite is changed to ous (lower # of oxygens)

Ex: HEx: H22SOSO44 – Sulfuric Acid – Sulfuric Acid

HH22SOSO33 – Sulfurous Acid – Sulfurous Acid

If only one polyatomic ion in group, the name of the If only one polyatomic ion in group, the name of the acid is the root of the polyatomic ion and ending acid is the root of the polyatomic ion and ending in “ic”.in “ic”.

Ex: HCEx: HC22HH33OO22 – Acetic Acid – Acetic Acid