nanomedicine
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Nanomedicine](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/5455c2cdaf7959d2368b9d73/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Nanotechnology
In
Medical field
1
Bhavith D 5th Sem CS 497IS08003
By :
![Page 2: Nanomedicine](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/5455c2cdaf7959d2368b9d73/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
AGENDA• Introduction • What is nanotechnology?• History • Nano scale• Nano medicine• Applications of nano technology.• Advantages and disadvantages• Conclusion
2
![Page 3: Nanomedicine](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/5455c2cdaf7959d2368b9d73/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Introduction
• Shortened as “nanotech”.• Deals with structures ranging from 1 to
100nm.• Involves developing materials of the same
size.• Measured using Nanoscale.
3
![Page 4: Nanomedicine](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/5455c2cdaf7959d2368b9d73/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
What is nano technology?
The official definition of the US National Nanotechnology Initiative says that nanotechnology involves ‘research and technology development at the atomic, molecular, or macromolecular levels, in the length scale of approximately 1 to 100 nm range.
4
![Page 5: Nanomedicine](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/5455c2cdaf7959d2368b9d73/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
History
• First coined by Richard Feynman. • Manipulating material at a scale of
individual atoms and molecules.• Tokyo university defined the term• Dr. K. Eric Drexler’s promotion.• Invention of STM and AFM.
5
![Page 6: Nanomedicine](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/5455c2cdaf7959d2368b9d73/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Nanoscale• The prefix “nano”is a Greek word for “dwarf”.• Measured by nano meter.• One billionth of meter.• About a width of 6 carbon atoms or 10 water
molecules.• A human hair is approximately 80,000 nm
wide.• Red blood cells is 7000 nm wide.• Atoms are smaller than 1 nanometer.
6
![Page 7: Nanomedicine](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/5455c2cdaf7959d2368b9d73/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Nanomedicine
The science and technology of diagnosing, treating and preventing disease and traumatic injury, of relieving pain, and of preserving and improving human health, using molecular tools and molecular knowledge of the human body.
7
![Page 8: Nanomedicine](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/5455c2cdaf7959d2368b9d73/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Application of Nanotechnology in Medicine
• Diagnostic • Therapeutic
8
![Page 9: Nanomedicine](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/5455c2cdaf7959d2368b9d73/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Diagnostic applications
• Imaging.• Quantum dots.
9
![Page 10: Nanomedicine](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/5455c2cdaf7959d2368b9d73/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Therapeutic applications
• Delivering medication to the exact location.
• Killing of bacteria, viruses & cancer cells• Repair of damaged tissues.• Oxygen transport.• Skin and dental care.
10
![Page 11: Nanomedicine](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/5455c2cdaf7959d2368b9d73/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Nanorobots
• What are they?
• Nanorobots are nanodevices.• Diameters and dimensions.• To repair or detect damages and
infections.• Exfuse themselves through human
excretory system.
11
![Page 12: Nanomedicine](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/5455c2cdaf7959d2368b9d73/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Nanorobots – Features
• The powering of the nanorobots.• Other sources of energy .• Will be having onboard computers.• Size of 0.5-3 micrometers.• Carbon is the primary component.• Self-replication.
12
![Page 13: Nanomedicine](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/5455c2cdaf7959d2368b9d73/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Nanorobots – functional requirements
• A navigational network has to be installed.
• This will enable the physician to keep track of the various devices in the body
13
![Page 14: Nanomedicine](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/5455c2cdaf7959d2368b9d73/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Diagnostic Applications – Imaging
• Improved imaging of the human. • Emit magnetic field.• Probes that aren’t attached to anything don’t
create a detectable magnetic • Detect tumors .
14
![Page 15: Nanomedicine](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/5455c2cdaf7959d2368b9d73/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
“A microscopic machine roaming through the bloodstream, injecting or taking samples for identification and determining the concentrations of different compounds"
15
![Page 16: Nanomedicine](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/5455c2cdaf7959d2368b9d73/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Diagnostic application – Quantum dotes
• These are tiny crystals.• Subjected to ultraviolet rays.• Produce sequence of colors.• Produce quantum dotes of various sizes.• Various probes are created.• Produce a spectrum.
16
![Page 17: Nanomedicine](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/5455c2cdaf7959d2368b9d73/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Therapeutic Applications –drug delivary.
• Medication to the exact location.• Lesser side effects.• Improves bio-availability• Molecular targeting by nano engineered
devices
17
![Page 18: Nanomedicine](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/5455c2cdaf7959d2368b9d73/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
A single inhaled nanorobot reaches, deeply inspired into the lungs and attaches to the tissue surface.
18
![Page 19: Nanomedicine](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/5455c2cdaf7959d2368b9d73/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Therapeutic Applications – cancer treatment.
• Detection of harmful cancer cells.• Nanophores • Nano tubes
19
![Page 20: Nanomedicine](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/5455c2cdaf7959d2368b9d73/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Therapeutic Applications – destruction of cancer cells.
• Nanoprobe can be made to generate radiation.
• Detection using actinium-225• Destruction of cancer cells by acoustic
signals.
20
![Page 21: Nanomedicine](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/5455c2cdaf7959d2368b9d73/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
COMPARISON OF NORMAL AND CANCEROUS CELLS IN RESPIRATORY AIRWAY OF THE LUNG
Cancer cells
Normal cells
21
![Page 22: Nanomedicine](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/5455c2cdaf7959d2368b9d73/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Cancer cell Lethal holes
Cytotoxic T cell
A CYTOTOXIC T CELL
DESTROYING A CANCER CELL
22
![Page 23: Nanomedicine](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/5455c2cdaf7959d2368b9d73/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Mechanical drilling of a small tumor mass by a nanorobot
23
![Page 24: Nanomedicine](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/5455c2cdaf7959d2368b9d73/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Therapeutic Applications – biological process.
• Repair of damaged tissues.– Growth of bone cells.– Broken bones would heal much faster.
• Creating an artificial red blood cell.
24
![Page 25: Nanomedicine](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/5455c2cdaf7959d2368b9d73/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Therapeutic Applications – skin diseases
To cure skin diseases, a cream containing nanorobots may be used it may: - Remove the right amount of dead skin - Remove excess oils - Add missing oils - Apply the right amounts of natural moisturizing compounds
25
![Page 26: Nanomedicine](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/5455c2cdaf7959d2368b9d73/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Therapeutic Applications –cleaning of mouth.
A mouthwash full of smart nanomachines could identify and destroy pathogenic bacteria while allowing the harmless flora of the mouth to flourish in a healthy ecosystem
26
![Page 27: Nanomedicine](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/5455c2cdaf7959d2368b9d73/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Four remote-controlled nanorobots examine and clean the subocclusal surfaces of a patient's teeth, near the gum line.
Dental Robots
27
![Page 28: Nanomedicine](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/5455c2cdaf7959d2368b9d73/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Therapeutic Applications – detection of virus.
Medical nanodevices could improves the immune system by finding and disabling unwanted bacteria and viruses.
28
![Page 29: Nanomedicine](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/5455c2cdaf7959d2368b9d73/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Virus Finder29
![Page 30: Nanomedicine](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/5455c2cdaf7959d2368b9d73/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Therapeutic Applications of Nanotechnology in Medicine
Devices working in the bloodstream could nibble away at atherosclerotic deposits, widening the affected blood vessels.
This would prevent most heart attacks
30
![Page 31: Nanomedicine](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/5455c2cdaf7959d2368b9d73/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
A NANOROBOT NIBBLING ON AN ATHEROSCLEROTIC DEPOSIT IN A BLOOD VESSEL
31
![Page 32: Nanomedicine](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/5455c2cdaf7959d2368b9d73/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Advantages of nano medicine
• Detection is very easy.• No side effects.• No surgery required.• Diseases can be easily cured.
32
![Page 33: Nanomedicine](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/5455c2cdaf7959d2368b9d73/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Disadvantages
• Not practical yet.• High cost.• Implementation difficulties.
33
![Page 34: Nanomedicine](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/5455c2cdaf7959d2368b9d73/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Conclusion
Nano medicine one of the important applications of the nanotechnology has made a revolutionary development in the medical field. So now various diseases are just far away from us.
34
![Page 35: Nanomedicine](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/5455c2cdaf7959d2368b9d73/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Thank you
35