napoleon forges an empire. napoleon seizes power napoleon bonaparte 1.short; 5’3” 2.raised in a...
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Chapter 7 Section 3Napoleon Forges an Empire
Napoleon Seizes PowerNapoleon Bonaparte1. Short; 5’3”2. Raised in a military
school3. Saved the National
Convention in 17954. Appointed to lead the
French army against Austria
5. In 4 years became the master of France
Hero of the Hour10/1795: Royalists marched on the
National ConventionNapoleon was ordered to protect the
conventionHe used cannon fire to disperse the crowdNapoleon became the hero of the hourHe was hailed across France as the savior of the
people
The Directory1. The new government of France 2. Created in 17953. 5 men held the power4. Appointed Napoleon to the position of
General of the Army in 17965. Napoleon won a series of victories in Italy 6. He then tried to repeat his success in Egypt
but failed to defeat the British Lost to British commander Admiral Horatio
Nelson
Coup d’Etat1. 1799: the Directory had lost control politically in
France. The French people had lost confidence in them too
2. 1799: Napoleon returned from Egypt and seized power; Bloodless
3. The national legislature voted to dissolve the Directory
4. Established 3 consuls; 1 was Napoleona. He claimed the title 1st Consul and assumed the
powers of a dictator
5. Britain, Austria, & Russia fought to drive Napoleon from power but signed peace agreements by 1802
6. Europe at Peace
Napoleon rules France1. The plebiscite: vote of the people2. The vote approved a new constitution
giving Napoleon all real power in France3. Economic help:
a. Efficient tax collectionb. National banking systemc. Created better economic control
4. Corruption was also endeda. Lycees: gov’t run schoolsb. Best graduates were appointed to public
office
Napoleon and the Church1. New agreement with the Pope
a. concordat: the gov’t would recognize the influence of the church
b. Church would not have any control of national affairs
2. Napoleon gained the support of the church and a majority of the people
The Napoleonic Code1. A uniform set of laws, eliminating many
injustices2. Limited freedoms and promoted order
over individual rights Freedom of speech was replaced by
censorship
3. Restored slavery in the Caribbean colonies
4. 1804 Napoleon makes himself Emperor of France and the people approve
Actually crowned himself instead of being crowned by the Pope
New Laws1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Creating an Empire1. After a failed military campaign in Saint
Domingue, Napoleon sold Louisiana territory to the US in 1803
2. Helped solidify the US power3. Already controlled Switzerland, part of
Italy, & the Netherlands4. Austria, Russia, Britain, and Sweden joined
together to defend against a French attack The Battle of Austerlitz, 1805
5. Napoleon won several victories against this newly formed alliance
6. Austria, Prussia, & Russia signed peace treaties after being routed by France
Creating an Empire con’t1. The battle of Trafalgar
a. Only loss for Napoleon during this campaign
b. Admiral Horatio Nelson defeated the French navy
c. Stopped Napoleon from being able to invade Great Britain
d. Britain was the most powerful navy in the world for the next 100 years
2. By 1812, Napoleon controlled much of Europe
3. His military might kept most of the conquered nations loyal out of fear
4. The empire was huge, but unstable