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NATIONAL ACCOUNTS STATISTICS (Provisional Estimates of GDP, 2018-19 and Final Estimates of GDP, 2017-18)

May 2019

National Accounting Wing

Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics

Statistics and Informatics Division

Ministry of Planning

Parishankhyan Bhaban

E-27/A, Agargaon, Dhaka

www.bbs.gov.bd

iii

Foreword

Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS) publishes the report “National Accounts

Statistics” on annual basis which is one of its important and regular publications. It plays a

very significant role in the evaluation and monitoring process of overall performance of the

macroeconomic scenario of the country.

National Accounts Statistics intends to provide an insight on sector-wise economic

performance of the country through measuring selected core macroeconomic indicators such

as Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Gross National Income (GNI), Gross Disposable Income

(GDI), Savings, Investment and Consumption. This publication focuses on the provisional

estimates of GDP and other national accounts aggregates for FY2018-19. It also provides the

final estimates of GDP for FY2017-18.

I am delighted to know that BBS is going to publish the 22nd issue of the series. I firmly

believe that policy planners, academics, researchers, students and other stakeholders will find

this publication as a useful source of information on wide ranges of macroeconomic indicators

of the country.

I would take this opportunity to convey my sincere thanks to Dr. Krishna Gayen,

Director General, BBS and her colleagues for their untiring efforts in bringing out this

publication.

Dhaka

May 2019

Saurendra Nath Chakrabhartty

Secretary

Secretary

Statistics and Informatics Division (SID)


Government of the People’s Republic of

Bangladesh

v

Director General

Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics

Statistics and Informatics Division


Preface

“National Accounts Statistics” has been one of the core publications of Bangladesh

Bureau of Statistics (BBS) since 1997. This is the 22nd issue of the series. This publication

reflects the macro-economic situation and describes sector-wise overall economic performance

of the country. It also acts as an instrument to monitor and evaluate macroeconomic stability

of the economy. This publication provides the provisional estimates of Gross Domestic Product

(GDP) and other national accounts aggregates for FY2018-19. The final estimates of GDP and

other related national accounts aggregates for FY2017-18 also have been presented in this

publication.

I express my sincere respect and gratitude to Mr. Saurendra Nath Chakrabhartty,

Secretary, Statistics and Informatics Division (SID) for his continuous support and guidance

towards improvement of the publication. I would like to convey my thanks to Mr. Ziauddin

Ahmed, Director (Additional Charge), National Accounting Wing and his colleagues for their

relentless efforts in bringing out this publication in time.

I hope this publication will be useful to the planners, policy makers and researchers

who have reasons to be concerned with the overall macroeconomic situation of Bangladesh.

Any comments and suggestions from the stakeholders for further improvement of this

publication will be highly appreciated.

Dhaka

May 2019

Dr. Krishna Gayen (Additional Secretary)

vii

Key Indicators of National Accounts

Indicator 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19(p)

1. GDP at current market prices (billion Tk.) 17,329 19,758 22,505 25,362

2. GDP at constant market prices (billion Tk.) 8,835 9,479 10,224 11,055

3. GNI at current market prices (billion Tk.) 18,327 20,607 23,531 26,498

4. GNI at constant market prices (billion Tk.) 9,344 9,886 10,691 11,550

5. Per capita GDP at current market prices (Tk.) 108,378 122,152 137,518 153,197

6. Per capita GNI at current market prices (Tk.) 114,621 127,401 143,789 160,060

7. Per capita GDP at current market prices ( in US$) 1,385 1,544 1,675 1,827

8. Per capita GNI at current market prices ( in US$) 1,465 1,610 1,751 1,909

9. Per capita GDP at constant market prices (Tk.) 55,259 58,603 62,477 66,778

10. Per capita GNI at constant market prices (Tk.) 58,442 61,121 65,326 69,770

11. Growth rate of GDP at constant prices (%) 7.11 7.28 7.86 8.13

12. Sectoral growth rate of GDP at constant prices (%)

Agriculture 2.79 2.97 4.19 3.51

Industry 11.09 10.22 12.06 13.02

Services 6.25 6.69 6.39 6.50

13. Sectoral shares of GDP at constant prices (%)

Agriculture 15.35 14.74 14.23 13.60

Industry 31.54 32.42 33.66 35.14

Services 53.12 52.85 52.11 51.26

14. Consumption at current prices (billion Tk.) 13000 14754 17366 19294

Private consumption (billion Tk.) 11979 13569 15935 17696

Public consumption (billion Tk.) 1021 1185 1431 1598

15. Investment at current prices (billion Tk.) 5138 6028 7029 8005

Private investment (billion Tk.) 3983 4564 5235 5934

Public investment (billion Tk.) 1155 1465 1794 2071

16. Domestic savings at current prices (billion Tk.) 4328 5005 5139 6068

17. National savings at current prices (billion Tk.) 5332 5857 6170 7206

18. Consumption as % of GDP 75.02 74.67 77.17 76.07

Private consumption 69.13 68.67 70.81 69.77

Public consumption 5.89 6.00 6.36 6.30

19. Investment as % of GDP 29.65 30.51 31.23 31.56

Private investment 22.99 23.10 23.26 23.40

Public investment 6.66 7.41 7.97 8.17

20. Domestic savings as % of GDP 24.98 25.33 22.83 23.93

21. National savings as % of GDP 30.77 29.64 27.42 28.41

22. Revenue receipt as % of GDP 10.24 11.06 11.53 13.38

Tax 8.97 9.73 10.32 12.06

Non-Tax 1.27 1.33 1.21 1.32

23. Total Government expenditure as % of GDP 15.27 16.05 16.51 18.32

Note: “p” denotes provisional estimates. Constant price base year: 2005-06 Contd.

viii

Key Indicators of National Accounts

Indicator 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19(p)

24. General economic level and performance

GDP per capita (US $) 1,385 1,544 1,385 1,544

GDP rate of growth (%) 7.11 7.28 7.11 7.28

25. Investment

Gross fixed capital formation / GDP 29.65 30.51 29.65 30.51

26. Savings

Savings / GDP 30.77 29.64 30.77 29.64

Savings / Gross fixed capital formation 103.77 97.16 103.77 97.16

27. Performance of government

Government budget deficit / GDP 4.74 4.76 4.74 4.76

Taxes / GDP 8.97 9.73 8.97 9.73

28. Foreign trade performance

Imports / GDP, import rate of growth 21.30 20.27 21.3 20.27

Exports / GDP, export rate of growth 16.65 15.04 16.65 15.04

(Exports + imports) / GDP 37.95 35.30 37.95 35.3

(Exports less imports) / GDP -4.65 -5.23 -4.65 -5.23

29. Balance of payments

Current external account balance / GDP 1.14 -0.92 1.14 -0.92

(Exports less imports) / GDP -4.65 -5.23 -4.65 -5.23

30. Foreign exchange reserve (million US$) 30,138 33,493 30,138 33,493/a

31. Prices

Producer Price Index (PPI) (base : 2005-06) 196.19 205.47 216.86 219.791/b

Consumer Price Index (CPI) (base : 2005-06) 219.86 231.82 245.22 262.36/c

Interest rate 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00

Foreign exchange rates (Taka per US$) 78.27 79.24 82.10 83.94/d

Note: /a February 2018, /b December 2018, /c February 2019, /d January 2019. “p” denotes provisional estimates

ix

Contents

Page

Key Indicators of National Accounts vii

1. Provisional Estimates of GDP for FY2018-19 and Final Estimates of

GDP for FY2017-18

1

Provisional Estimates of GDP for FY2018-19 1

Final Estimates of GDP for FY2017-18 17

2. Provisional and Final Estimates of GDP by Expenditure Category 21

3. Inflation and Growth Rate 37

Inflation 37

GDP Annex Tables 41

4. Explanatory Notes 77

Concepts and data sources used in compiling GDP estimates 77

Statistical Annex Tables 81

Related Publications on National Accounts Statistics 89

xi

Acronym

BBS : Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics

BFDC : Bangladesh Fisheries Development Corporation

BFIDC : Bangladesh Forest Industries Development Corporation

BMPI : Building Materials Price Index

BOP : Balance of Payment

BSIC : Bangladesh Standard Industrial Classification

CFC : Consumption of Fixed Capital

C&F : Clearing and Forwarding

CPI : Consumer Price Index

CSPS : Community Social and Personal Services

DAM : Department of Agricultural Marketing

FY : Fiscal Year

FISIM : Financial Intermediation Services Indirectly Measured

GCF : Gross Capital Formation

GDP : Gross Domestic Product

GFCF : Gross Fixed Capital Formation

GNI : Gross National Income

GO : Gross Output

GVA : Gross Value Added

HIES : Household Income and Expenditure Survey

IC : Intermediate Consumption

ISIC : International Standard Industrial Classification

MP : Market Price

NBR : National Board of Revenue

m.p. : Market Price

NI : National Income

NPISHS : Non-Profit Institutions Serving Household Sector

OS : Operating Surplus

PPI : Producer Price Index

QIIP : Quantum Index of Industrial Production

SID : Statistics and Informatics Division

SNA : System of National Accounts

UVI : Unit Value Index

VA : Value Added

1

1 Provisional Estimates of GDP for FY2018-19 and Final

Estimates of GDP for FY2017-18

Provisional Estimates of GDP in FY2018-19

Provisional estimates of GDP for FY2018-19 indicate an expansion of the economy, with a

growth of 8.13% in real term as compared to 7.86% (final estimate) in FY2017-18. As

compared to FY2017-18, the higher GDP growth in FY2018-19 is mainly due to increase of

growth in respect of (i) Agriculture (ii) Manufacturing, (iii) Electricity, Gas and Water Supply,

(iv) Construction, (v) Wholesale and retail trade and (vi) Health and Social Works. Crops and

horticulture, a sub-sector of the agriculture sector is estimated to post a downward growth of

2.58% in FY2018-19 compared to 3.47% in FY2017-18. However, the growth of overall

manufacturing sector increased to 14.73% in FY2018-19 as against 13.40% in the previous

year.

The GDP growth rates at current and constant prices during the years from FY2005-06 to

FY2018-19 are shown in the following graph.

GDP at current market prices is provisionally estimated at Tk. 25,362 billion which is about

12.69% higher than that of FY2017-18. GDP at constant market prices is provisionally

12.94

13.99 14.35

12.15

13.11

14.83 15.22

13.62

12.07 12.81

14.32 14.02 13.90

12.69

6.67 7.06

6.01

5.05 5.57

6.46 6.52 6.01 6.06

6.55 7.11 7.28

7.86 8.13

3.5

5.5

7.5

9.5

11.5

13.5

15.5

17.5

Figure 1: GDP Growth Rate at Current and Constant Price

Current Price Constant Price

2

estimated at Tk. 11,055 billion which is 8.13% higher than that of FY2017-18 as shown in

Table 5 and Table 6.

Per Capita Income

At current prices the per capita GDP and GNI for FY2018-19 are estimated at Tk. 153,197

(US$ 1827) and Tk. 160,060 (US$ 1909) respectively. At constant prices (at 2005-06 prices)

the per capita GDP and GNI for FY2017-18 are estimated at TK. 66,778 and Tk. 69,770

respectively. The provisional estimates are based on the five to seven months actual data

available for the real sectors, government budget and the projected or trend data of the

remaining sectors and sub-sectors.

-

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

Figure 2: Per Capita GDP, GNI at Current Price in Taka

GDP GNI

-

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600

1,800

2,000

51

4

56

2

63

7

70

3

78

0

86

0

88

0

97

6 1,1

10

1,2

36

1,3

85

1,5

44

1,6

75

18

27

54

3

59

8

68

6

75

9

84

3

92

8

95

5

1,0

54

1,1

84

1,3

16

1,4

65

1,6

10

1,7

51

19

09

Figure 3: Per Capita GDP, GNI at Current Price in US$

GDP GNI

3

Sectoral performances of the economy for FY2018-19:

Agriculture Sector

The agriculture sector contributes about 13.31% of the total GDP. It includes three sub-sectors

namely (i) Crops and horticulture (ii) Animal farming and (iii) Forest and related services. The

overall growth rate of the broad agriculture sector for FY2018-19 is provisionally estimated at

3.51% in real terms over FY2017-18.

Crop agriculture

Crops and Horticulture sub-sector: According to the provisional estimate, the crops and

horticulture sub-sector of the agriculture sector is likely to increase by 2.58% in real terms in

FY2018-19 over FY2017-18. This growth is due to increase in Boro, Jute, Potato and Maize

production. The production of Jute has increased from 88.94 lac bale in FY2017-18 to 100.23

lac bale in FY2018-19.

Table 1. Production of major crops

(Lac Metric Ton)

Major Crops 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19(p)

Aus 23.26 23.28 22.88 21.34 27.09 27.57

Aman 130.23 131.90 134.83 136.56 139.93 140.19

Boro 190.07 191.92 189.37 180.14 195.75 195.65

Wheat 13.03 13.47 13.48 13.11 13.01 13.01

Total cereals 356.59 360.57 360.56 351.15 375.78 376.42

Maize 21.24 23.50 24.45 27.58 32.72 34.31

Potato 89.50 92.54 94.74 102.16 103.20 103.75

Jute (Lac bale) 74.36 75.01 75.58 82.46 88.94 100.23

Note: “p” denotes provisional.

Production of Aus rice is 27.57 lac metric tons in FY2018-19 against 27.09 lac metric

tons in the previous year, i.e. 01.77% higher.

Aman rice production is estimated at 140.19 lac metric tons in FY2018-19 against

139.93 lac metric tons in FY2017-18.

Boro rice production is estimated at 195.65 lac metric tons in FY2018-19 against

195.75 lac metric tons in FY2017-18.

4

It assumes that the previous year’s production of Wheat will be retained (13.01 lac

metric ton) in FY2018-19.

Production of Maize has been increased significantly over the recent past and BBS is

actively considering to adopt the same procedure for estimating its production like

other major crops. In FY2018-19, the production Maize has been estimated to 34.31

lac metric tons.

Production of Potato has been forecasted at 103.75 lac metric tons in FY2018-19 as

compared to 103.20 lac metric tons in FY2017-18.

Production of Jute has increased from 88.94 lac bales in FY2017-18 to 100.23 lac bales

in FY2018-19, i.e. 12.69% higher.

Minor crops contributed about 30% to the total output of the crop sub-sector which

includes pulses, spices, sugarcane, fruits, vegetables, tobacco etc. Most of the minor

crops production is yet to be finalized and hence the previous year’s production has

been taken as estimated production for FY2018-19. It may cause some changes in the

production of minor crops if the final estimation is used. It needs to mention here that

during the estimation of provisional GDP, a number of both major and minor crops

have not been harvested. Therefore, final estimate was not done. Over-all, the growth

of agriculture and forestry sector is likely to increase by 2.58% in FY2018-19 as

against 3.47% growth in the previous year.

5

Non-crop agriculture

Animal Farming and Forestry: The growth rate in the animal farming sub-sector is likely

to be 3.47% in FY2018-19 compared to 3.40% in FY2017-18. Gross value added in the forestry

and related services sub-sector is expected to grow by 5.58% during FY2018-19, compared to

5.51% in FY2017-18.

Fishing: Total production of inland and marine catches as estimated by the Directorate of

Fisheries (DoF) is higher in FY2018-19 than that of the previous year. The fishing sector is

likely to grow by 6.29% in FY2018-19 compared to 6.37% in FY2017-18.

Table 2. Fish production (adjusted)

(Thousand Metric Ton)

Year Inland Fish Marine Fish Total Production

2005-06 1,969 427 2,396

2006-07 2,048 446 2,494

2007-08 2,133 464 2,597

2008-09 2,218 482 2,700

2009-10 2,311 503 2,814

2010-11 2,429 566 2,995

2011-12 2,559 597 3,156

2012-13 2,723 633 3,356

2013-14 2,895 648 3,543

2014-15 3,018 684 3,702

2015-16 3,186 692 3,878

2016-17 3,353 697 4,051

2017-18 3,572 704 4,277

2018-19(p) 3,806 717 4,523

Note: “p” denotes projected estimates

6

Industry Sector

The broad industry sector comprises (i) mining and quarrying (ii) manufacturing (iii)

electricity, gas and water supply and (iv) construction activities. The industry sector accounts

for 35.14% of GDP at constant prices for FY2018-19. The growth rate of the broad industry

sector is provisionally estimated at 13.02% for FY2018-19 compared to 12.06% for FY2017-

18. The expected sectoral performances are likely to be as follows:

Mining and Quarrying: Data of major components of this sector, i.e. gas, coal and hard rock

are obtained from Petrobangla. Estimation of this sector has been made on the basis of three

months (July-September, FY2018-19) data. Mining and quarrying is likely to sustain its growth

at 7.39% in FY2018-19 which is higher than (7.00%) FY2017-18. Production of coal at

Barapukuria is included in the ‘Other Mining’ sub-sector. The growth rate of the ‘Other

Mining’ sub-sector is 12.02% in FY2018-19 as compared to 12.66% in the previous year.

Manufacturing: This sector comprises two sub-sectors:

i) Large and medium scale industries and

ii) Small scale industries

Provisional estimate of Quantum Index of Industrial Production (QIIP) used in computing

value added of large and medium scale industries. Growth rate of value added for large &

medium scale industries is 15.61% in FY2018-19 as compared to 14.26% in FY2017-18.

Production of both large and medium scale manufacturing industries, particularly in the case

of Garments, Knitwear, Lather and related products, Coke and refined petroleum,

Pharmaceuticals, Cement, Animal feed, Dairy products etc. shows higher growth in the first

five months of FY2018-19. However, Sugar, Beverages, Cigarette, Grain milling, Electric

equipment, Paint and varnishes, Jute textile etc. showed negative growth in the first five months

of FY2018-19 as compared to the corresponding period in the previous year.

For estimating output of small scale industries Quantum Index of Industrial Production for

Small Scale Industries is used. This sub-sector contributes about 27% of the total output of

manufacturing sector. The production of this sub-sector mostly depends on indigenous raw

materials and is generally immune to external shocks. Small scale manufacturing industries

like Food manufacturing, Grain milling, Garments products, Paper products, Printing and

publishing, Metal products, Jewelries, Wooden furniture etc. show higher growth in the first

six months of current fiscal year. On the other hand production indices of Rubber products,

7

Iron and steel and its products, Non-electrical machineries etc. show downward trend in the

same period. Growth rate of small scale industries as a whole stands at 10.26% in FY2018-19

as against 9.25% in FY2017-18.

Table.3. Quantum Index of Major Industries (Large and Medium Scale Industries) (Base: 2005-06)

Code Name of Industry 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18

July-November

2017-18 2018-19 (p) Growth

rate

3 GENERAL INDEX(MFG.) 268.11 297.89 342.47 326.12 384.99 18.05

10 Food products 385.10 410.42 501.16 502.47 524.70 4.42

11 Beverages 269.75 257.61 240.41 265.14 263.52 -0.61

12 Tobacco products 135.48 139.57 138.51 136.07 136.33 0.19

13 Textile 138.90 168.39 195.19 183.95 184.85 0.49

14 Wearing apparel 338.73 343.74 388.62 359.53 441.76 22.87

15 Leather and related products 125.44 194.13 292.22 278.41 368.98 32.53

16

Wood and products of wood and

cork 301.72 325.26 339.52 335.59 350.71 4.51

17 Paper and paper products 181.08 183.67 185.38 184.71 186.98 1.23

18

Printing and reproduction of

recorded media 147.83 155.62 162.22 159.39 173.53 8.87

19

Coke and refined petroleum

products 112.00 182.74 100.80 92.38 109.46 18.49

20 Chemicals and chemical products 92.73 104.04 100.50 109.62 148.79 35.73

21

Pharmaceuticals and medicinal

chemical 319.26 424.30 507.53 484.25 676.56 39.71

22 Rubber and plastic products 338.14 359.79 411.94 398.08 435.04 9.28

23

Other non-metallic mineral

products 258.34 341.85 381.85 357.55 415.61 16.24

24 Basic metals 202.85 174.04 185.27 181.70 187.40 3.14

25

Fabricated metal products except

machinery 200.53 146.01 274.34 271.82 293.86 8.11

26

Computer, electronic and optical

products 231.89 153.33 178.57 175.42 196.79 12.18

27 Electrical equipment 214.12 142.77 337.58 346.49 308.12 -11.08

28 Machinery and equipment n.e.c 279.14 406.37 548.73 507.46 606.65 19.54

29

Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-

trailers 331.63 559.61 438.44 342.19 766.72 124.06

30 Other transport equipment 592.41 560.00 604.43 584.44 569.44 -2.57

31 Furniture 132.02 151.44 184.81 182.69 196.86 7.76

If other industries could retain at least the same rate of growth as achieved in the corresponding

period of previous fiscal year, the overall manufacturing sector may achieve a growth rate of

14.73% in FY2018-19 as compared to 13.40% in FY2017-18.

Electricity and Gas: The data available up to December 2018 have been used for projecting

the growth rate of this sector. Long term trend of the annual production of electricity and gas

is shown in the following table:

8

Table 4. Production of Gas and Electricity

Year Gas

(106 Cu. meter)

Electricity

(106 KWh)

2005-06 14,921 22,977

2006-07 15,920 23,268

2007-08 17,014 24,953

2008-09 18,511 26,533

2009-10 19,919 29,246

2010-11 20,075 31,355

2011-12 21,056 35,117

2012-13 22,670 38,229

2013-14 23,232 38,040

2014-15 25,263 40,358

2015-16 27,559 46,371

2016-17 27,445 50,691

2017-18 27,430 56,014

2017-18 6,929 (July-September) 27,954 (July-December)

2018-19 7,036 (July-September) 31,211 (July- December)

In FY2016-17 and FY2017-18 electricity production was 50,691 and 56,014 million KWh

respectively as reported by Power Development Board (PDB). Electricity production for

the first six months (July-December 2018) of FY2018-19 was 31,211 million KWh, which

was 3,257 million KWh higher than that of the same period of the previous year. It is

expected that the generation of electricity will maintain the same growth in the full year of

FY2018-19.

In FY2016-17 and FY2017-18 gas production was 27.45 and 27.43 billion cubic meters

respectively. Gas production for the first three months (July-September 2018) of FY2018-

19 was 7.04 billion cubic meters, which was 1.54% higher than that of the same period of

last year.

As a result, the growth rate of the electricity, gas and water supply sector is expected to be

10.57% in FY2018-19 as compared to 9.19% in FY2017-18.

Construction: The major components of construction activities are pucca, semi-pucca, kutcha

house construction and other structures. The value of output of pucca and semi-pucca dwelling

and non-dwellings construction is estimated using commodity flow approach. This approach

envisages estimation of production of commodities used in construction after adjusting them

for inputs in other industries, changes in stocks; imports and exports so as to obtain the net

9

availability of commodities for construction purposes. The expenditure on kutcha house

construction is estimated in an indirect way, based on the estimated increase in the stock of

such houses and the cost of construction of an average quality house. Cement, iron and steel,

bricks, timber & round wood and fixtures & fittings are the major inputs of the construction

sector. The domestic production of cement in the first six months of FY2018-19 is higher than

that of the same period of previous year. Data available from Bangladesh Bank shows that the

import of iron and steel during July-December 2018 is higher than that of the same period of

the previous year. The production of bricks in the first six months of FY2018-19 is slightly

increased over the same period of previous year. Public sector construction is likely to be higher

due to increased Annual Development Programme for FY2018-19. As a whole the construction

sector is likely to achieve higher growth rate due to increase of construction activity. The

construction sector is, therefore, projected to grow by 9.61% in FY2018-19.

10

Service Sector

Service sector or tertiary sector includes all service activities. Total output of the service sector

consists of the collective outputs of the wholesale and retail trade, transport, storage and

communication, financial intermediations, real estate, renting and business activities, public

administration and defence, education, health and social work and community, social and

personal services activities. The sectoral share of the services sector is 55.38% of the total

GDP at current prices. Growth scenarios of the service sector for FY2018-19 are briefly as

follows:

Wholesale and Retail Trade; Repair of Motor Vehicles, Motorcycles and Personal and

Household goods: Commodity flow method is applied to estimate output of this sector which

depends on agriculture and manufacturing sectors. The output of this sector is likely to register

a growth rate of 7.70% in FY2018-19 compared to 7.45% in previous year. It is due to increase

in manufacturing production and imported commodities in FY2018-19. Table 5 and table 6

present the value added estimates and the growth rates of wholesale and retail trade sector

during FY2015-16 to FY2018-19 at current and constant prices respectively.

Hotel and Restaurant: Growth rates obtained from Hotel and restaurant survey 2009-10 are

used for estimating output of Hotel and Restaurants sector adjusted by coefficients from survey

of selected economic indicators. Consumer Price Index (CPI) is used for constant price

estimates. The sector is expected to achieve a growth rate of 7.43% in FY2018-19 which is

higher than previous year (7.28%).

Transport, Storage and Communication Sector: Major sources of information of this sector

are Bangladesh Road Transport Authority (BRTA), Bangladesh Railway (BR), Bangladesh

Shipping Corporation (BSC), Chittagong Port Authority, Bangladesh Inland Water Transport

Corporation (BIWTC), Bangladesh Post Office etc. The combined effect of information from

this sector show that the transport, storage and communication sector is expected to achieve a

growth rate of 6.88 in FY2018-19 which is higher than previous year (6.58%). Post and Tele

communication services increased with a growth of 7.56% in FY2018-19. Communication

services, particularly the Mobile Phone Services (MPS) market continued to drive the

telecommunication industries because of strong consumer demand which led to the high

growth of Post and Telecommunication sub-sector. Hence the share of this sector in GDP is

estimated 10.98% at constant prices.

11

Financial Intermediations: The financial institutions including central bank, schedule banks,

leasing companies, insurance companies, microfinance institutions, stock markets etc. belong

to this sector. The sources of data are Bangladesh Bank, Insurance Development and Regularity

Authority (IDRA), Bangladesh Insurance Association, Bangladesh Central Depository Ltd and

annual report of other financial institutions. Net interest income is the key indicator used to

estimate the value added of banking sector, where premium received less claim paid is used to

estimate the value added of insurance sector. Other financial auxiliary includes money

changers, insurance agents and stock markets. The sector experienced an increase of 7.90% in

FY2017-18, where the increase is estimated to 8.32% in FY2018-19.

Real Estate, Renting and Business Activities Sector: Inter-censal compound growth rate is

used for estimating dwelling houses. Annual average house rent and maintenance cost is used

for estimating output and intermediate consumption respecting at constant price. Extrapolation

and set movers obtained from the Population and Housing Census, 2011, have been used for

estimating the value added in this sector for FY2018-19. The growth rate in this sector is

provisionally estimated at 5.15% in FY2018-19.

Public Administration & Defence Sector: This sector covers services rendered by the

administrative departments of the central and the local governments, government non-profit

institutions (NPIs) and defense sector as well. The sources of data are the budget documents of

the central government (revenue and development budgets) and local governments. At

constant prices Public Administration and Defense sector is likely to grow by 6.45 percent in

FY2018-19 compared to the previous year.

Education Sector: Gross value added (GVA) of this sector is compiled mainly from public

and private educational institutions. Public part is estimated from Government budget

document. Private part is estimated from the growth rate of “Private education survey 2006-

07”. Sectoral growth rate for education is expected to be 6.50% in FY2018-19 compared 7.01%

in FY2017-18.

Health and Social Works: Health sector is divided into public and private sub sector. Current

price GVA of Public sector is estimated on income method by using the data from government

expenditure data collected from office of the Comptroller General of Accounts (CGA). Current

price is then deflated to constant price by using CPI national. Growth rate of Survey on private

health establishment survey, 2007 is used to estimate constant price GVA of private sector and

it is being inflated by the said deflator to come up with current price estimate. It is estimated

12

that the sector would record as higher growth of 9.15% in FY2018-19 as compared to 7.02%

in FY2017-18.

Community, Social and Personal Services: This sector is projected to grow by 3.69% in

FY2018-19 over FY2017-18. This sector is estimated from the growth rate of “Labour force

survey 2013” and “Professional and miscellaneous survey 1992-93”.

Sectoral Shares in GDP

At current prices the share of the Agriculture sector (which includes crop and non-crop

agriculture, animal farming and poultry, forestry and fishing) in total GDP is 13.31% in

FY2018-19 as against 13.82% for FY2017-18. At current prices, the share of Industry sector

in total GDP is 31.31% for FY2018-19 as against 30.17% for FY2017-18. The share of the

service sector (wholesale and retail trade; hotel and restaurants; transport, storage and

communication; financial intermediations; real estate, renting and business activity; public

administration and defence; education; health and social work; community, social and personal

services) in total GDP is 55.38% for FY2018-19 which was 56.00% for FY2017-18. The data

on sectoral shares show that the share of agriculture sector in GDP is gradually decreasing

while that of service sector is increasing.

These changes indicate that while physical output (particularly for crops and horticulture) of

Agriculture sector has increased on a sustained basis, its relative contribution has been

declining while service sector contribution has been steadily increasing over the period.

13

Table 5. Gross Domestic Product by Industrial Sector at Current Prices, 2015-16 to

2018-19(p) (Million Tk.)

2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19(p)

Industry Sector Value

Added

Sectoral

Growth

Rate

Value

Added

Sectoral

Growth

Rate

Value

Added

Sectoral

Growth

Rate

Value

Added

Sectoral

Growth

Rate

I. Agriculture 2,433,902 8.62 2,650,253 8.89 2,942,347 11.02 3,210,937 9.13

1. Agriculture and Forestry 1,903,146 7.83 2,053,983 7.93 2,273,525 10.69 2,462,659 8.32

i) Crops and Horticulture 1,343,222 6.50 1,437,045 6.98 1,591,711 10.76 1,713,076 7.62

ii) Animal Farming 331,653 10.98 360,262 8.63 396,246 9.99 432,118 9.05

iii) Forest and Related

Services 228,271 11.38 256,676 12.44 285,568 11.26 317,465 11.17

2. Fishing 530,756 11.55 596,270 12.34 668,823 12.17 748,278 11.88

II. Industry 4,738,710 16.51 5,483,066 15.71 6,422,191 17.13 7,552,838 17.61

3. Mining and Quarrying 285,777 19.69 341,270 19.42 388,837 13.94 440,386 13.26

4. Manufacturing 2,951,110 15.96 3,418,287 15.83 4,041,443 18.23 4,820,481 19.28

i) Large and Medium Scale 2,401,641 16.59 2,792,168 16.26 3,325,938 19.12 3,998,602 20.22

ii) Small Scale 549,469 13.31 626,119 13.95 715,505 14.28 821,878 14.87

5. Electricity, Gas, Water

Supply 238,291 19.94 262,435 10.13 293,361 11.78 325,408 10.92

6. Construction 1,263,532 16.47 1,461,073 15.63 1,698,550 16.25 1,966,563 15.78

III. Services 9,300,505 14.23 10,565,912 13.61 11,918,701 12.80 13,361,116 12.10

7. Wholesale and Retail

Trade; Repair of Motor

Vehicles, Motorcycles and

Personal and Household

Goods 2,142,574 11.25 2,439,581 13.86 2,798,225 14.70 3,212,040 14.79

8. Hotels and Restaurants 170,583 14.27 193,182 13.25 221,228 14.52 252,803 14.27

9. Transport, Storage and

Communication 1,691,650 12.76 1,870,755 10.59 2,046,300 9.38 2,254,382 10.17

10. Financial Intermediations 636,013 14.06 732,046 15.10 837,283 14.38 942,647 12.58

11. Real Estate, Renting and

Business Activity 1,237,395 16.67 1,445,392 16.81 1,664,189 15.14 1,868,491 12.28

12. Public Adm. and Defence 667,111 31.65 784,407 17.58 902,277 15.03 1,001,203 10.96

13. Education 465,124 23.62 568,555 22.24 644,778 13.41 723,081 12.14

14. Health and social work 347,578 15.34 389,867 12.17 440,642 13.02 500,562 13.60

15. Community, social and

Personal services 1,942,478 10.12 2,142,127 10.28 2,363,779 10.35 2,605,906 10.24

GVA at current basic prices 16,473,116 14.00 18,699,230 13.51 21,283,239 13.82 24,124,891 13.35

Tax less subsidy 855,521 20.81 1,058,923 23.78 1,221,555 15.36 1,236,879 1.25

GDP at current market prices 17,328,637 14.32 19,758,154 14.02 22,504,793 13.90 25,361,770 12.69

GNI at current market prices 18,326,749 13.53 20,607,164 12.44 23,531,077 14.19 26,497,865 12.61

Note: “p” denotes provisional estimates

14

Table 6. Gross Domestic Product by Industrial Sector at Constant Prices,

2015-16 to 2018-19(p) (base: 2005-06)

(Million Tk.)

2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19(p)

Industry Sector Value

Added

Sectoral

Growth

Rate

Value

Added

Sectoral

Growth

Rate

Value

Added

Sectoral

Growth

Rate

Value

Added

Sectoral

Growth

Rate

I. Agriculture 1,301,786 2.79 1,340,511 2.97 1,396,616 4.19 1,445,659 3.51

1. Agriculture and Forestry 992,281 1.79 1,011,725 1.96 1,046,880 3.47 1,073,917 2.58

i) Crops and Horticulture 708,139 0.88 714,908 0.96 736,780 3.06 749,693 1.75

ii) Animal Farming 141,027 3.19 145,689 3.31 150,646 3.40 155,873 3.47

iii) Forest and Related services 143,115 5.12 151,128 5.60 159,453 5.51 168,351 5.58

2. Fishing 309,504 6.11 328,786 6.23 349,736 6.37 371,742 6.29

II. Industry 2,675,137 11.09 2,948,659 10.22 3,304,284 12.06 3,734,347 13.02

3. Mining and Quarrying 149,966 12.84 163,302 8.89 174,737 7.00 187,658 7.39

4. Manufacturing 1,782,228 11.69 1,977,653 10.97 2,242,701 13.40 2,573,030 14.73

i) Large and Medium Scale 1,473,134 12.26 1,638,195 11.20 1,871,837 14.26 2,164,112 15.61

ii) Small Scale 309,094 9.06 339,458 9.82 370,864 9.25 408,919 10.26

5. Electricity, Gas, Water supply 127,422 13.33 138,196 8.46 150,892 9.19 166,844 10.57

6. Construction 615,521 8.56 669,508 8.77 735,954 9.92 806,814 9.63

III. Services 4,505,812 6.25 4,807,284 6.69 5,114,389 6.39 5,447,017 6.50

7. Wholesale and Retail Trade;

Repair of Motor Vehicles,

Motorcycles and Personal and

Household Goods 1,186,654 6.50 1,274,166 7.37 1,369,139 7.45 1,474,618 7.70

8. Hotels and Restaurants 63,657 6.98 68,198 7.13 73,159 7.28 78,598 7.43

9. Transport, Storage and Communication 959,718 6.08 1,024,633 6.76 1,092,084 6.58 1,167,187 6.88

10. Financial Intermediations 287,873 7.74 314,127 9.12 338,934 7.90 367,119 8.32


Business Activities 562,968 4.47 589,973 4.80 619,357 4.98 651,277 5.15

12.. Public Adm. and Defence 307,962 11.43 336,152 9.15 364,628 8.47 388,139 6.45

13. Education 202,480 11.71 225,465 11.35 241,270 7.01 256,955 6.50

14. Health and Social Work 156,124 7.54 168,040 7.63 179,841 7.02 196,303 9.15

15. Community, Social and Personal Services 778,376 3.30 806,529 3.62 835,977 3.65 866,820 3.69

GVA at constant basic price 8,482,734 7.17 9,096,454 7.23 9,815,289 7.90 10,627,022 8.27

Tax less subsidy 352,655 5.83 382,521 8.47 409,087 6.94 428,115 4.65

GDP at constant market prices 8,835,389 7.11 9,478,975 7.28 10,224,375 7.86 11,055,137 8.13


15

Table 7. Sectoral Share of GDP at Current and Constant Prices, 2015-16 to 2018-19(p)

2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19(p)

Industry Sector Current

Prices

Constant

Prices

Current

Prices

Constant

Prices

Current

Prices

Constant

Prices

Current

Prices

Constant

Prices

I. Agriculture 14.77 15.35 14.17 14.74 13.82 14.23 13.31 13.60

1. Agriculture and Forestry 11.55 11.70 10.98 11.12 10.68 10.67 10.21 10.11

i) Crops and Horticulture 8.15 8.35 7.69 7.86 7.48 7.51 7.10 7.05

ii) Animal Farming 2.01 1.66 1.93 1.60 1.86 1.53 1.79 1.47

iii) Forest and Related Services 1.39 1.69 1.37 1.66 1.34 1.62 1.32 1.58

2. Fishing 3.22 3.65 3.19 3.61 3.14 3.56 3.10 3.50

II. Industry 28.77 31.54 29.32 32.42 30.17 33.66 31.31 35.14

3. Mining and Quarrying 1.73 1.77 1.83 1.80 1.83 1.78 1.83 1.77

4. Manufacturing 17.91 21.01 18.28 21.74 18.99 22.85 19.98 24.21

i) Large and Medium Scale 14.58 17.37 14.93 18.01 15.63 19.07 16.57 20.36

ii) Small Scale 3.34 3.64 3.35 3.73 3.36 3.78 3.41 3.85

5. Electricity, Gas, Water Supply 1.45 1.50 1.40 1.52 1.38 1.54 1.35 1.57

6. Construction 7.67 7.26 7.81 7.36 7.98 7.50 8.15 7.59

III. Services 56.46 53.12 56.50 52.85 56.00 52.11 55.38 51.26

7. Wholesale and Retail Trade;

Repair of Motor Vehicles,

Motorcycles and Personal and

Household Goods 13.01 13.99 13.05 14.01 13.15 13.95 13.31 13.88

8. Hotels and Restaurants 1.04 0.75 1.03 0.75 1.04 0.75 1.05 0.74


Communication 10.27 11.31 10.00 11.26 9.61 11.13 9.34 10.98

10. Financial Intermediations 3.86 3.39 3.91 3.45 3.93 3.45 3.91 3.45


Business Activities 7.51 6.64 7.73 6.49 7.82 6.31 7.75 6.13

12. Public Adm. and Defence 4.05 3.63 4.19 3.70 4.24 3.71 4.15 3.65

13. Education 2.82 2.39 3.04 2.48 3.03 2.46 3.00 2.42

14. Health and Social Work 2.11 1.84 2.08 1.85 2.07 1.83 2.07 1.85

15. Community, Social and

Personal Services 11.79 9.18 11.46 8.87 11.11 8.52 10.80 8.16

Total 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00


16

Table 8. Per Capita GDP and GNI at Current Prices, 2014-15 to 2018-19(p)

Item 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19(p)

GDP (Million Tk.) 15158022 17,328,637 19,758,154 22,504,793 25,361,770

GNI (Million Tk.) 16142043 18,326,749 20,607,164 23,531,077 26,497,865

Per Capita GDP (Tk.) 96004 108,378 122,152 137,518 153,197

Growth rate (per capita GDP) 11.29 12.89 12.71 12.58 11.40

Per Capita GNI (Tk.) 102,236 114,621 127,401 143,789 160,060

Growth rate (per capita GNI) 11.11 12.11 11.15 12.86 11.32

Per Capita GDP (US $) 1236 1,385 1,544 1,675 1,827

Per Capita GNI (US $) 1316 1,465 1,610 1,751 1,909


Table 9. Per Capita GDP and GNI at Constant Prices, 2014-15 to 2018-19(p)

(Base: 2005-06)

Item 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19(p)

GDP (Million Tk.) 8248624 8,835,389 9,478,975 10,224,375 11,055,137

GNI (Million Tk.) 8784104 9,344,299 9,886,288 10,690,636 11,550,358

Per Capita GDP (Tk.) 52243 55,259 58,603 62,477 66,778

Growth rate (per capita GDP) 5.11 5.77 6.05 6.61 6.88

Per Capita GNI (Tk.) 55634 58,442 61,121 65,326 69,770

Growth rate (per capita GNI) 4.94 5.05 4.58 6.88 6.80


17

Final Estimates of GDP for FY2017-18

The provisional estimates of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) for FY2017-18 were released in

May 2018. These estimates are revised and finalized incorporating latest information of

agricultural production, index of industrial production and performance of other key sectors

like construction; transport, storage and communication; financial intermediations and

government expenditure. Thus, final estimates of GDP are based on a more complete annual

data than what were available for the provisional estimates. The salient features of the final

estimates are stated below:

Estimate at constant prices (base: 2005-06)

a. Gross Domestic Product

Gross domestic product at constant prices (base: 2005-06) in FY2017-18 has now been

estimated at Tk. 10,224,375 million, against Tk. 9,478,975 million in FY2016-17, showing a

growth rate of 7.86 per cent over the previous year. The slight increase in growth rate of real

GDP in final estimate (7.86%) as compared to the provisional estimate for the FY2017-18

(7.65%) is primarily due to upward revision in the growth of agriculture, mining & quarrying,

public administration, education and some other sectors.

b. Per Capita GDP

The per capita GDP in real terms (base: 2005-06) for FY2017-18 has been estimated at Tk.

62,477 as against Tk. 58,603 for FY2016-17. The growth rate of per capita GDP has been

estimated at 6.61% for FY2017-18.

Agriculture sector

According to the final estimates, the agriculture sector (including fishing) showed a growth of

4.19% in FY2017-18 over FY2016-17. Such growth was largely attributed to the increased

production of Aus, Aman, Boro, Wheat and Potato.

In the provisional estimates, the crop sub-sector was estimated to grow by 0.98% but in the

final estimates, this sub-sector’s growth rate stood at 3.06%.

In the provisional estimates, the fisheries sub-sector was estimated to grow by 6.30%, but in

the final estimates, this sub-sector recorded slightly higher growth rate of 6.37% based on fish

production data provided by the Directorate of Fishery (DoF).

18

Industry sector

Mining and Quarrying: In the provisional estimate, the projected growth rate of mining and

quarrying sector was 8.48% in FY2017-18. The final estimate showed a growth rate of 7.00%.

Manufacturing: The overall growth rate of manufacturing sector has been finally estimated at

13.40% for FY2017-18 which is higher than the provisional estimate of 13.18%. In the final

estimate, large and medium scale manufacturing industries grew by 14.26% as against 13.77%

for FY2017-18.

Electricity, Gas and Water: The overall growth rate of this sector has been finally estimated

at 9.19% for FY2017-18 which is higher than the provisional estimate of 8.36%. The electricity,

gas and water sub-sector grew by 10.19%, 2.20% and 5.66% respectively for FY2017-18.

Construction: In the provisional estimates for FY2017-18, the growth rate was calculated at

10.11%. The final estimate shows a decrease in the growth rate and stands at 9.92% in FY2017-

18.

Services sector

Wholesale and Retail Trade; Repair of Motor Vehicles, Motorcycles and Personal and

Household Goods: The growth rate in this sector is finally estimated at 7.45% as against 7.17%

in the provisional estimate for FY2017-18.

Transport, Storage and Communication: In the final estimate, the growth rate in Transport,

storage and communication sector is 6.58% against 6.33% in the provisional estimate.

Financial Intermediation: The growth rate of financial intermediation is finally estimated at

7.90% in the 2017-18 estimate.

Public Administration: The growth rate of Public Administration and Defense sector is finally

estimated at 8.47 percent as against 9.24 percent in the provisional estimate for FY2017-18.

* Table 10 and table 11 show the volume and growth rate of GDP in the provisional and the

final estimates for FY2017-18.

Estimate at current prices

Gross Domestic Product

Gross domestic product at current prices for FY2017-18 has now been estimated at Tk.

22,504,793 million, against Tk. 19,758,154 million in FY2016-17, showing a growth rate of

13.90% over the previous year.

The growth rate of GDP for FY2017-18 over FY2016-17 is finally estimated at 13.90% which

was provisional estimated at 13.29%.

19

Table 10. Provisional and Final Estimates of GDP at Current Prices, 2017-18

(Million Tk.)

Gross Value added Growth Rate

Industry Sector Provisional

Estimate

Final

Estimate

Provisional

Estimate

Final

Estimate

I. Agriculture 2,909,415 2,942,347 8.62 11.02

1. Agriculture and Forestry 2,238,628 2,273,525 8.99 10.69

i) Crops and Horticulture 1,556,814 1,591,711 8.33 10.76

ii) Animal Farming 396,246 396,246 9.99 9.99

iii) Forest and Related Services 285,568 285,568 11.26 11.26

2. Fishing 670,787 668,823 12.50 12.17

II. Industry 6,426,722 6,422,191 17.21 17.13

3. Mining and Quarrying 401,012 388,837 17.51 13.94

4. Manufacturing 4,022,503 4,041,443 17.68 18.23

i) Large and Medium Scale 3,303,350 3,325,938 18.31 19.12

ii) Small Scale 719,153 715,505 14.86 14.28

5. Electricity, Gas, Water supply 286,942 293,361 9.34 11.78

6. Construction 1,716,265 1,698,550 17.47 16.25

III. Services 11,828,665 11,918,701 11.95 12.80

7. Wholesale and Retail Trade; Repair of

Motor Vehicles, Motorcycles and

Personal and Household Goods 2,766,502 2,798,225 13.40 14.70

8. Hotels and Restaurants 210,591 221,228 9.01 14.52

9. Transport, Storage and Communication 2,042,094 2,046,300 9.16 9.38

10. Financial Intermediations 837,283 837,283 14.38 14.38

11. Real Estate, Renting and Business

Activities 1,588,842 1,664,189 9.92 15.14

12. Public Administration and Defense 927,997 902,277 18.31 15.03

13. Education 650,019 644,778 14.33 13.41

14. Health and Social Work 440,642 440,642 13.02 13.02

15. Community, Social and Personal

Services 2,364,695 2,363,779 10.39 10.35

GVA at Current Basic Prices 21,164,801 21,283,239 13.19 13.82

Tax less subsidy 1,220,179 1,221,555 15.23 15.36

GDP at Current Market Prices 22,384,980 22,504,793 13.29 13.90

GNI at Current Market Prices 23,379,425 23,531,077 13.45 14.19

20

Table 11. Provisional and Final Estimates of GDP at Constant Prices, 2017-18

(Base: 2005-06)

(Million Tk.)

Industry Sector

Gross Value added Growth Rate

Provisional

Estimate

Final

Estimate Provisional Final

I. Agriculture 1,381,505 1,396,616 3.06 4.19

1. Agriculture and Forestry 1,032,019 1,046,880 2.01 3.47

i) Crops and Horticulture 721,919 736,780 0.98 3.06

ii) Animal Farming 150,646 150,646 3.40 3.40

iii) Forest and Related Services 159,453 159,453 5.51 5.51

2. Fishing 349,486 349,736 6.30 6.37

II. Industry 3,302,341 3,304,284 11.99 12.06

3. Mining and Quarrying 177,146 174,737 8.48 7.00

4. Manufacturing 2,238,272 2,242,701 13.18 13.40

i) Large and Medium Scale 1,863,716 1,871,837 13.77 14.26

ii) Small Scale 374,556 370,864 10.34 9.25

5. Electricity, Gas, Water supply 149,752 150,892 8.36 9.19

6. Construction 737,171 735,954 10.11 9.92

III. Services 5,111,757 5,114,389 6.33 6.39

7. Wholesale and Retail Trade; Repair of

Motor Vehicles, Motorcycles and

Personal and Household Goods 1,365,466 1,369,139 7.17 7.45

8. Hotels and Restaurants 73,159 73,159 7.28 7.28

9. Transport, Storage and Communication 1,089,493 1,092,084 6.33 6.58

10. Financial Intermediations 338,934 338,934 7.90 7.90

11. Real Estate, Renting and Business

Activities 618,313 619,357 4.80 4.98

12. Public Administration and Defense 367,220 364,628 9.24 8.47

13. Education 243,354 241,270 7.93 7.01

14. Health and Social Work 179,841 179,841 7.02 7.02


Personal Services 835,977 835,977 3.65 3.65

GVA at Basic Prices 9,795,602 9,815,289 7.69 7.90

Tax less subsidy 408,696 409,087 6.84 6.94

GDP at Constant Market Prices 10,204,299 10,224,375 7.65 7.86

21

2 Provisional and Final Estimates of GDP by Expenditure Category

Provisional and Final Estimates by Expenditure Category

Taking the perspective of the final uses of a country’s output, GDP can be derived as the total

of final consumption expenditure, gross capital formation and net exports. Final consumption

expenditure is incurred by three institutional sectors i.e. General Government, Households and

Nonprofit Institutions Serving Households (NPISH).

Final Consumption Expenditure (FCE)

At current prices the final consumption expenditure is likely to grow by 11.10% in FY2018-19

compared to the previous year. In FY2018-19, the final consumption is Tk. 19,293,841 million

as against Tk. 17,365,869 million in FY2017-18. In FY2018-19, its share in GDE (Gross

Domestic Expenditure) and GDP (Gross Domestic Product) are 75.65% and 76.07%

respectively. In FY2017-18, the share of final consumption expenditure was 77.35% of GDE

and 77.17% of GDP.

Private Final Consumption Expenditure (PFCE): Private final consumption expenditure is

expected to be Tk. 17,696,159 million in FY2018-19 and Tk. 15,935,308 million which is

11.05% higher than that in FY2017-18. Table 12 shows the rate of change of consumption

expenditure at current prices.

Table 12. Growth Rate of Final Consumption Expenditure

Year

Growth Rate (%) Consumption-GDP Ratio (%)

Total Private General Government

Total Private General Government

2011-12 14.35 14.38 13.91 78.78 73.74 5.04

2012-13 12.45 12.25 15.35 77.96 72.85 5.12

2013-14 12.00 11.65 16.92 77.91 72.57 5.34

2014-15 12.71 12.60 14.22 77.84 72.44 5.40

2015-16 10.18 9.10 24.65 75.02 69.13 5.89

2016-17 13.49 13.27 16.02 74.67 68.67 6.00

2017-18 17.71 17.44 20.76 77.17 70.81 6.36

2018-19(p) 11.10 11.05 11.68 76.07 69.77 6.30

“p” denotes provisional estimates

General Government Consumption Expenditure: Based on budgets (allocations/ estimates),

general government consumption expenditure is projected to grow by 11.68% in FY2019.

22

The final government consumption expenditure is expected to be Tk. 1,597,682

million in FY2018-19 which is 6.30% of the GDP (Table-14). In FY2017-18, the final

consumption expenditure was Tk. 1,430,561 million, which was 6.36% of the GDP.

In FY2018-19, the growth rate of general government final consumption expenditure

in real terms is likely to be 7.96% while this growth rate is estimated at 11.68% at

current prices.

Table 13. General Government Expenditure by Heads

General Government Expenditure (Million Tk.) General Government Expenditure (%)

Year Central Government

Local

Govt.* Total

Central Government

Local

Govt.* Total

Total Revenue Develop

ment Total Revenue

Develop

ment

2006-07(RE) 626560 447400 179160 40032 666592 93.99 67.12 26.88 6.01 100.00

2007-08(RE) 731850 547300 184550 46037 777887 94.08 70.36 23.72 5.92 100.00

2008-09(RE) 851960 655280 196680 54044 906004 94.03 72.33 21.71 5.97 100.00

2009-10(RE) 984880 725710 259170 61049 1045929 94.16 69.38 24.78 5.84 100.00

2010-11(RE) 1149380 819310 330070 90073 1239453 92.73 66.10 26.63 7.27 100.00

2011-12(RE) 1353300 973100 380200 109088 1462388 92.54 66.54 26.00 7.46 100.00

2012-13(RE) 1587470 1087120 500350 140113 1727583 91.89 62.93 28.96 8.11 100.00

2013-14(RE) 1802500 1233370 569130 170138 1972638 91.38 62.52 28.85 8.62 100.00

2014-15(RE) 2075320 1363880 711440 188152 2263472 91.69 60.26 31.43 8.31 100.00

2015-16(RE) 2481543 1610870 870673 215904 2697447 92.00 59.72 32.28 8.00 100.00

2016-17(RE) 3036320 1929320 1107000 240128 3276448 92.67 58.88 33.79 7.33 100.00

2017-18(RE) 3714846 2209367 1505479 267046 3981892 93.29 55.49 37.81 6.71 100.00

2018-19(BE) 4362643 2783191 1579452 306756 4669399 93.43 59.60 33.83 6.57 100.00

* Revised series, RE denotes revised estimates and BE denotes budget estimates

23

Figure 8 shows the final consumption expenditure and its share by private and general

government.

Table 14. Expenditure and Final Consumption of General Government (Million Tk.)

Year Total Expenditure Total Consumption % of Consumption

2010-11 (RE) 1,239,453 466,839 37.66

2011-2012(RE) 1,462,388 531,753 36.36

2012-2013(RE) 1,727,583 613,385 35.51

2013-2014(RE) 1,972,638 717,189 36.36

2014-2015(RE) 2,263,472 819 ,176 36.19

2015-2016(RE) 2,697,447 1,021,088 37.85

2016-2017(RE) 3,276,448 1,184,667 36.16

2017-2018(RE) 3,981,892 1,430,561 35.93

2018-2019(BE) 4,669,399 1,597,682 34.22

RE denotes revised estimates and BE denotes budget estimates

24

Gross Capital Formation (GCF)

The gross capital formation is made up of gross fixed capital formation (GFCF) and change in

inventories (increase/decrease). Gross capital formation or investment is expected to be Tk.

8,005,334 million in FY2018-19 compared to Tk. 7,029,355 million in FY2017-18. Growth

rate of gross capital formation is likely to be 13.88% at current prices compared to 16.61% in

FY2017-18. The percentage share of GFCF to GDP is likely to be 31.56% during FY2018-19

compared to 31.23 in FY2017-18.

Private Gross Capital Formation: The private gross capital formation is estimated Tk.

5,934,143 million (74.13% of total GCF) in FY2018-19. In FY2016-17, private gross capital

formation is estimated at Tk. 5,235,183 million. The growth rate of GCF for FY2018-19 over

FY2017-18 is expected to be 13.35% in nominal terms.

Private GCF or investment grew by 14.72% in FY2017-18 over FY2016-17 and is

expected to grow by 13.35% in FY2018-19.

Private investment-GDP ratio is likely to be 23.40% in FY2019 compared to

23.26% in FY2018.

Public investment-GDP ratio is likely to be 8.17% in FY2018-19 compared to

7.97% in FY2017-18.

25

Table 15. Expenditure Based Gross Domestic Product at Current Prices, 2015-16 to 2018-19(p) (Million Tk.)

Item 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19(p)

1. Domestic Demand [(1.1)+(1.2)] 18138721 20,781,861 24,395,224 27,299,176

1.1 Consumption [(1.1.1)+(1.1.2)] 13,000,335 14,753,559 17,365,869 19,293,841

1.1.1 Private 11,979,247 13,568,893 15,935,308 17,696,159

1.1.2 General Government 1,021,088 1,184,667 1,430,561 1,597,682

1.2 Investment [(1.2.1)+(1.2.2)] 5,138,386 6,028,302 7,029,355 8,005,334

1.2.1 Private 3983470 4,563,583 5,235,183 5,934,143

1.2.2 Public 1154916 1,464,719 1,794,172 2,071,192

2. Resource Balance [(2.1)-(2.2)] -806,625 -1,033,704 -1,945,084 -1,794,852

2.1 Exports 2885169 2,970,857 3,330,925 4,034,083

2.2 Imports 3691794 4,004,561 5,276,009 5,828,935

3. Gross Domestic Expenditure at m.p. 17,332,096 19,748,157 22,450,140 25,504,324

4. Gross Domestic Product at m.p. 17,328,637 19,758,154 22,504,793 25,361,770

5. Statistical Discrepancy [(4)-(3)] -3,459 9,997 54,653 -142,554

6. Net Factor Income from Abroad 998112 849,010 1,026,283 1,136,096

7. Gross National Income at m.p. [(4)+(6)] 18,326,749 20,607,164 23,531,076 26,497,866

8. Net Current Transfers from Abroad 5828 3530 4950 1795

9. Gross Disposable National Income

[(7)+(8)] 18,332,577 20,610,694 23,536,026 26,499,661

10. Gross Domestic Savings [(4)-(1.1)] 4,328,302 5,004,595 5,138,924 6,067,929

11. Gross National Savings [(9)-(1.1)] 5,332,242 5,857,135 6,170,157 7,205,819

12. Current Account Balance [(2)+(6)+(8)] 197,315 -181,164 -913,851 -656,961

As percent of GDP

Consumption 75.02 74.67 77.17 76.07

Private 69.13 68.67 70.81 69.77

General Government 5.89 6.00 6.36 6.30

Investment 29.65 30.51 31.23 31.56

Private 22.99 23.10 23.26 23.40

Public 6.66 7.41 7.97 8.17

Exports of Goods and Services 16.65 15.04 14.80 15.91

Imports of Goods and Services 21.30 20.27 23.44 22.98

Gross Domestic Savings 24.98

25.33 22.83 23.93

Gross National Savings 30.77

29.64 27.42 28.41

Note: “p” denotes provisional estimates. “-” denotes negative

26

Table 16. Expenditure Based Gross Domestic Product at Constant Prices, 2015-16 to 2018-19(p) (Base: 2005-06)

(Million Tk.)

Item 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19(p)

1. Domestic Demand [(1.1)+(1.2)] 8,868,203 9,605,348 10,670,032 11,358,534

1.1 Consumption [(1.1.1)+(1.1.2)] 6,038,499 6,488,464 7,225,820 7,631,603

1.1.1 Private 5,570,432 5,984,094 6,643,713 7,003,174

1.1.2 General Government 468,066 504,370 582,107 628,429

1.2 Investment [(1.2.1)+(1.2.2)] 2,829,704 3,116,884 3,444,212 3,726,931

1.2.1 Private 2,189,871 2,366,384 2,573,935 2,766,372

1.2.2 Public 639,833 750,500 870,276 960,560

2. Resource Balance [(2.1)-(2.2)] -168,804 -250,491 -590,269 -461,750

2.1 Exports 1,472,415 1,437,922 1,554,226 1,785,039

2.2 Imports 1,641,220 1,688,413 2,144,495 2,246,788

3. Gross Domestic Expenditure at m.p. 8699398 9354857 10,079,763 10896785

4. Gross Domestic Product at m.p. 8835389 9478975 10224375 11055137

5. Statistical Discrepancy [(4)-(3)] 135,991 124,118 144,612 158,452

6. Net Factor Income from Abroad 508,909 407,313 466,261 495,226

7. Gross National Income at m.p. [(4)+(6)] 9,344,298 9,886,288 10,690,636 11,550,463

8. Net Current Transfers from Abroad 2,972 1,694 2,249 783

9. Gross Disposable National Income [(7)+(8)] 9,347,270 9,887,981 10,692,885 11,551,245

GDP Deflator 196.13 208.44 220.11 229.41

(Implicit deflators : base=2005-06)

Final Consumption Expenditure

Consumer Prices Index 215.05 226.75 239.86 252.69

Special Government Employees Index 218.15 234.88 245.76 254.23

Gross Capital Formation

Other Construction (Kutcha) 189.41 198.88 211.67 222.74

Wage Rate Index (Agriculture) 234.48 249.91

Construction Materiel Price Index

(Building Materiel Price Index) 205.01 218.27

230.78 243.87

Planted Machinery 129.72 133.71 138.19 144.22

Transport Equipment 162.41 165.95 171.42 179.65

Other Capital Goods

Unit Price Index

Export 195.95 206.61 214.31 225.99

Import 224.94 237.18 246.03 259.43

Annual percentage change

Final Consumption Expenditure :

Household Final Consumption Expenditure 3.00 7.43 11.02 5.41

General Govt. Final Consumption Expenditure 8.37 7.76 15.41 7.96

Gross capital formation 8.91 10.15 10.50 8.21 Note: “p” denotes provisional estimates

27

Public Gross Capital Formation

Growth rate of public sector investment or GCF for FY2018-19 is projected at 15.44% over

FY2017-18 at current prices.

Table 17. Gross Fixed Capital Formation in Public Sector by Sources of Funding at

Current Prices

(Million Tk.)

Year

Central Government Local

Government

Autonomous and

SOEs Total Development

Budget (ADP)

Revenue

Budget

2007-08 94,953 28,314 24,706 134,841 282,814

2008-09 103,231 32,533 27,586 141,022 304,372

2009-10 134,201 39,350 32,392 166,817 372,760

2010-11 183,133 50,337 44,971 203,063 481,504

2011-12 251,386 38,939 74,067 243,628 608,020

2012-13 368,758 85,733 59,348 282,372 796,211

2013-14 461,291 108,768 70,968 238,885 879,912

2014-15 546,163 132,646 82,323 272,797 1,033,929

2015-16 627,195 139,006 94,070 294,645 1,154,916

2016-17 789,224 225,569 109,178 340,748 1,464,719

2017-18 1,000,701 276,198 127,411 389,862 1,794,172

2018-19(p) 1,059,542 280,728 142,012 588,910 2,071,192 Note: “p” denotes provisional estimates

Public sector investment or GCF is likely to be Tk. 2,071,192 million in FY2018-19

compared to Tk. 1,794,172 million in FY2017-18.

Table 18. Gross Domestic Fixed Capital Formation by Public and Private sectors

at Current Prices (Million Tk.)

Year Gross Fixed Capital Formation

Public % of GDP Private % of GDP Total % of GDP

2010-11 481,504 5.26 2,029,788 22.16 2,511,292 27.42

2011-12 608,020 5.76 2,374,233 22.50 2,982,253 28.26

2012-13 796,211 6.64 2,607,486 21.75 3,403,697 28.39

2013-14 879,912 6.55 2,960,024 22.03 3,839,936 28.58

2014-15 1,033,929 6.82 3,344,722 22.07 4,378,651 28.89

2015-16 1,154,916 6.66 3,983,470 22.99 5,138,386 29.65

2016-17 1,464,719 7.41 4,563,583 23.10 6,028,302 30.51

2017-18 1,794,172 7.97 5,235,183 23.26 7,029,355 31.23

2018-19(p) 2,071,192 8.17 5,934,143 23.40 8,005,334 31.56


28

Table 19. Shares of Public and Private Investment

Year

As % of total investment

2005-06 prices Current prices

Private Public Private Public

2010-11 81.15 18.85 80.83 19.17

2011-12 80.37 19.63 79.61 20.39

2012-13 77.60 22.40 76.61 23.39

2013-14 77.24 22.76 77.09 22.91

2014-15 76.44 23.56 76.39 23.61

2015-16 77.52 22.48 77.39 22.61

2016-17 75.92 24.08 75.70 24.30

2017-18 74.73 25.27 74.48 25.25

2018-19(p) 74.23 25.77 74.13 25.87


Net Exports of Goods and Services

Net exports of goods and services are the difference between exports and imports of goods and

services. In FY2017-18 the total exports and imports were recorded at Tk. 3,330,925 million

and Tk 5,276,009 million. As a result, the country posted a trade deficit of Tk.1,945,084

million. In terms of GNI at current prices, the trade deficit was 8.26%.

The volume of export for FY2018-19 has been projected on the basis of six months’ (July,

2018-Decmber, 2018) actual data on export available from the balance of payments statement

(BOP) prepared by Bangladesh Bank.

The value of imports of goods and services for FY2018-19 is estimated at

Tk.5,828,935 million compared to Tk. 5,276,009 million in FY2017-18.

Growth rate of imports of goods and services is likely to be around 10.48% in Y2018-

19 over FY2017-18.

The value of exports of goods and services for FY2018-19 is estimated at Tk.

4,034,083 million compared to Tk. 3,330,925 million in FY2017-18.

Growth rate of exports of goods and services is likely to be around 21.11% in FY2018-

19 over FY2017-18.

29

Table 20. Investment-GDP Ratio

Year

Investment as % of GDP

2005-06 prices Current prices

Total Private Public Total Private Public

2010-11 29.32 23.80 5.53 27.42 22.16 5.26

2011-12 30.44 24.46 5.98 28.26 22.50 5.76

2012-13 30.25 23.47 6.78 28.39 21.75 6.64

2013-14 31.33 24.20 7.13 28.58 22.03 6.55

2014-15 31.50 24.08 7.42 28.89 22.07 6.82

2015-16 32.03 24.79 7.24 29.65 22.99 6.66

2016-17 32.88 24.96 7.92 30.51 23.10 7.41

2017-18 33.69 25.17 8.51 31.23 23.26 7.97

2018-19(p) 33.71 25.02 8.69 31.56 23.40 8.17


Net factor income

Based on provisional estimate, net factor income posted a positive growth of 10.70% in

FY2018-19 over previous year.

Net current transfer

Based on provisional estimate, net current transfer posted a negative growth of 63.73% in

FY2018-19.

Investment and Savings

During FY2017-18, the investment-GDP ratio was 31.23%, of which investment-GDP ratio for

public sector was 7.97% and private sector was 23.26%. In FY2018-19, the investment-GDP

ratio is estimated at 31.56% while public and private sector investment-GDP ratios are likely

to be 8.17% and 23.40% respectively. Table 21 shows the savings and investment balance

during FY2012-13 to FY2018-19.

30

Table 21. Savings and Investment as percent of GDP

Category 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19(p)

Investment 28.39 28.58 28.89 29.65 30.51 31.23 31.56

Private 21.75 22.03 22.07 22.99 23.10 23.26 23.40

Public 6.64 6.55 6.82 6.66 7.41 7.97 8.17

Domestic Savings 22.04 22.09 22.16 24.98 25.33 22.83 23.93

Private 20.59 20.58 20.62 23.02 23.30 20.95 21.95

Public 1.45 1.51 1.54 1.96 2.03 1.88 1.98

National Savings 30.53 29.23 29.02 30.77 29.64 27.42 28.41


In FY2017-18, about 70.64% of the total investment is recorded for construction, 21.32% in

plant and machinery, 8.04% in transport equipment.

In FY2018-19, about 72.13% of the total investment is recorded for construction, 20.29% in

plant and machinery, 7.58% in transport equipment.

31

Table 22. Composition of Gross Fixed Capital Formation (Million Tk.)

Year Construction Plant and

Machinery

Transport

Equipment Others

Gross Fixed

Capital

Formation

2010-11 1,641,692 520,015 322,128 27,457 2,511,292

2011-12 1,956,904 658,786 334,310 32,254 2,982,253

2012-13 2,354,061 657,298 354,451 37,888 3,403,697

2013-14 2,62,0743 847,432 371,761 - 3,839,936

2014-15 3,145,411 861,724 371,516 - 4,378,651

2015-16 3,710,715 980,343 447,328 - 5,138,386

2016-17 4,266,289 1,265,936 496,076 - 6,028,302

2017-18 4,965,575 1,498,914 564,866 7,029,355

2018-19(p) 5,774,071 1,624,273 606,991 - 8,005,334


Figure 10: Composition of GFCF for FY2018 and FY2019

32

Saving: Saving represents the excess of current income over current expenditure. Domestic

saving is a residual estimate i.e., it is the difference between GDP and final consumption. Thus,

GDP = C + I + (X - M)

or, GDP - C = I + (X - M)

or, S(Saving, Domestic ) = I + (X - M)

Again, GDP = C + I + (X - M)

or, GDP + NFI (Net Factor Income) = C + I + (X - M) + NFI

or, GNI (Gross National Income) = C + I + (X - M) + NFI

or, GNI + NCT (Net Current Transfer) = C + I + (X - M) + NFI + NCT

or, GNDI (Gross National Disposable

Income)

= C + I + (X - M) + NFI + NCT

or, GNDI - C = I + (X - M) + NFI + NCT

i.e. S (National Saving, Gross ) = I + CAB, where

CAB = (X - M) + NFI + NCT

Where GNDI = Gross National Disposable

Income

CAB = Current Account Balance

obtained from the Balance of

Payments (BOP)

When net factor income and net current transfers from abroad are taken into account

with gross domestic saving, the national saving could be arrived.

It is obvious from the equation S (national saving) = I + CAB that, if CAB = 0, then

S=I. Obviously, it is a case only for a closed economy. On the other hand, if CAB is negative

(-), the Investment is greater than saving and conversely if CAB is positive (+) the saving is

greater than investment.

33

Table 23. National Accounts Statistics and BOP Identities

(Million Tk.)

Data category 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19(p)

Balance of Payments

1. Exports of Goods and non-factor services (E) 2,627,897 2885169 2,970,857 3,330,925 4,034,083

2. Imports of Goods and non-factor services (M) 3,751,508 3691794 4,004,561 5276009 5,828,935

3. Current Account Balance (CAB) -83,589 -806,625 -1,033,704 -1,945,084 -1,794,852

4. Net Factor Income from Abroad (NFI) 984021 998112 849,010 1,026,283 1,136,096

5. Net Current Transfers (NCT) 56001 5828 3530 4950 1795

National Accounts Statistics (NAS)

6. Gross Domestic Products (GDP) 15,158,022 17,328,637 19,758,154 22,504,793 25,361,770

7. Gross Domestic Expenditure (GDE) 15,054,277 17,332,096 19,748,157 22,450,140 25,504,324

8. Gross National Income (GNI) 16,198,044 18,326,749 20,607,164 23,531,076 26,497,866

9. Gross Disposable Income (GDI) 16,198,044 18,332,577 20,610,694 23536026 26,499,661

10. Investment (I) 4,378,651 5,138,386 6,028,302 7,029,355 8,005,334

Gross Domestic Savings (GDS) 3,358,785 4,328,302 5,004,595 5,138,924 6,067,929

GDP - C 3,358,785 4,328,302 5,004,595 5,138,924 6,067,929

I + (X - M) 3,255,040 4,331,761 4,994,598 5,084,271 6,210,483

S - NFI - NCT 3,358,785 4,328,302 5,004,595 5,138,924 6,067,929

National Savings (S) 4,398,807 5,332,242 5,857,135 6,170,157 7,205,819

CAB + I 4,295,062 5,335,701 5,847,138 6,115,504 7,348,373

GDI - C 4,398,807 5,332,242 5,857,135 6,170,157 7,205,819

Foreign Savings (FS) -83,589 197,315 -181,164 -913,851 -656,961

Investment (I) 4,378,651 5,138,386 6,028,302 7,029,355 8,005,334

(S - NFI - NCT) - (X - M) 4,482,396 5,134,927 6,038,299 7,084,008 7,862,781


34

Final Estimates of Expenditure based GDP, FY2017-18

Of the main components of GDP by expenditure category, private consumption expenditure

grew by 17.44% at current prices while it grew by 11.02% at constant prices in FY2017-18

over FY2016-17. Based on data, private consumption expenditure has finally been estimated

at Tk. 15,935,308 million as against Tk. 15,653,075 million in the provisional estimates in

FY2017-18, which is 0.78% higher than the provisional estimate. This difference between

provisional and final estimates of GDE at current and constant prices in FY2016-17 may be

seen in Table 24 and Table 25.

The final estimate of gross fixed capital formation or investment is higher than the provisional

estimate in FY2016-17. Investment growth rate was 15.23% at current prices for the

provisional estimate while the growth rate in the final estimate 17.32% during FY2016-17.

Growth rate of private investment in final estimate goes up to 14.56% as against 12.99% in

provisional estimate. Also public sector investment in final estimate goes up to 26.82% as

against 22.957% in the provisional estimate for FY2016-17.

35

Table 24. Provisional and Final Estimates of Expenditure based GDP at Current

Prices, 2017-18

(Million Tk.)

Expenditure Components of GDE Provisional

Estimates

Final

Estimates

% Change

Final Over

Provisional

Estimates

Growth Rate

Provisional Final

Consumption 17,099,290 17,365,869 1.56 15.90 17.71

Private 15,653,075 15,935,308 1.80 15.36 17.44

Public 1,446,216 1,430,561 -1.08 22.08 20.76

Investment 7,043,962 7,029,355 -0.21 16.85 16.61

Private 5,204,164 5,235,183 0.60 14.04 14.72

Public 1,839,799 1,794,172 -2.48 25.61 22.49

Exports 3,215,359 3,330,925 3.59 8.23 12.12

Imports 5,001,296 5,276,009 5.49 24.89 31.75

Gross Domestic Expenditure at m.p. 22,357,315 22,450,140 0.42 13.21 13.68

Net Factor Income from Abroad 994,445 1,026,283 3.20 17.13 20.88

Gross National Income at m.p. 23,379,425 23,531,076 0.65 13.45 14.19

Net Current Transfers from Abroad 3180 4950 55.66 -9.91 40.22

Gross Disposable National Income 23,382,606 23,536,026 0.66 13.45 14.19

Note: “-” denote negative

Table 25. Provisional and Final Estimates of Expenditure based GDP

at Constant Prices, 2017-18 (Million Tk.)

Expenditure Components of GDP Provisional

Estimates

Final

Estimates

% Change

Final Over

Provisional

Estimates

Growth Rate

Provisional Final

Consumption 7,102,131 7,225,820 1.74 9.46 11.36

Private 6,521,729 6,643,713 1.87 8.98 11.02

Public 580,401 582,107 0.29 15.07 15.41

Investment 3,478,993 3,444,212 -1.00 11.62 10.50

Private 2,581,115 2,573,935 -0.28 9.07 8.77

Public 897,878 870,276 -3.07 19.64 15.96

Exports 1,502,185 1,554,226 3.46 4.47 8.09

Imports 2,035,386 2,144,495 5.36 20.55 27.01

Gross Domestic Expenditure at m.p 10047922 10,079,763 0.32 7.41 7.75

Net Factor Income from Abroad 453,323 466,261 2.85 11.30 14.47

Gross National Income at m.p. 10,657,622 10,690,636 0.31 7.80 8.14

Net Current Transfers from Abroad 1,450 2,249 55.10 -14.40 32.79

Gross Disposable National Income 10,659,071 10,692,885 0.32 7.80 8.14

Note: “-” denote negative

37

3 Inflation and Growth Rate

Inflation

As per Consumer Price Index (CPI) (base: 2005-06), the rate of inflation during FY2017-18

was 5.78% compared to 5.44% in FY2016-17. Prices of food items increased by 7.13% while

prices of non-food items increased by 3.74% during FY2017-18. During FY2018-19, nine

month average inflation rate is 5.17%.

Besides the CPI, price changes can also be measured by percentage change of GDP deflator. It

can be used as an alternative measuring tool of inflation as CPI takes into account only the

selected consumer items. On the other hand, National Accounts Statistics (NAS) take into

account the prices of all outputs (goods and services) produced from each and every economic

activity for an accounting year within a geographical territory.

For the sake of comparison of inflation rates based on CPI and GDP deflator the

required data from FY2006-07 to FY2018-19p have been presented in Figure 11.

38

Table 26. Inflation Rate - National (Base: 2005-06 = 100)

CPI category 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18

2018-19

Aug’18 Sep’18 Oct’18 Nov’18 Dec’18 Jan'19 Feb’19 Mar’19

General 5.92 5.44 5.78 253.07 257.62 259.13 258.00 258.13 261.58 261.36 262.45

Food 4.90 6.02 7.13 275.09 281.86 283.44 281.24 281.17 285.50 284.96 286.78

Non-food 7.43 4.61 3.74 224.84 226.54 227.96 228.21 228.6 230.91 231.10 231.25

Table 27. Consumer Price Index (CPI) and Inflation Rate

(Point to Point) (Base: 2005-06 = 100)

CPI Classification 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19

Dec’18 Jan’19 Feb’19 Mar’19

National

General index 219.86 231.82 245.22 258.13 261.58 261.36 262.45

Inflation 5.92 5.44 5.78 5.35 5.42 5.47 5.55

Food index 234.77 2483.90 266.64 281.17 285.50 284.96 286.78

Inflation 4.90 6.02 7.13 5.28 5.33 5.44 5.72

Non-food 200.66 209.92 217.76 228.60 230.91 231.10 231.25

Inflation 7.43 4.61 3.74 5.45 5.57 5.51 5.29

Rural

General index 220.1 231.02 244.17 256.19 260.22 259.93 261.10

Inflation 5.26 4.96 5.69 4.91 5.14 5.26 5.38

Food index 230.31 243.08 259.86 272.94 278.61 278.00 279.85

Inflation 4.20 5.54 6.90 4.84 5.28 5.48 5.80

Non-food 203.86 211.83 219.21 229.53 230.96 231.18 231.26

Inflation 7.22 3.91 3.48 5.05 4.89 4.86 4.58

Urban

General index 219.31 233.29 247.17 261.72 264.09 264.01 264.94

Inflation 7.11 6.37 5.95 6.14 5.93 5.85 5.86

Food index 245.66 263.09 283.19 301.22 302.30 301.96 303.69

Inflation 6.55 7.10 7.63 6.27 5.43 5.38 5.52

Non-food 196.39 207.38 215.83 227.35 230.85 231.00 231.24

Inflation 7.72 5.60 4.08 5.99 6.50 6.39 6.24

Table 28 shows the GDP growth rates both in real and nominal terms and inflation rate based

on CPI during FY2006-07 to FY2018-19.

39

Table 28. GDP growth and Inflation Rate

Period GDP growth rate Inflation rate

(Base: 2005-06) Nominal growth rate Real growth rate

2006-07 13.99 7.06 9.39

2007-08 14.35 6.01 12.30

2008-09 12.15 5.05 7.60

2009-10 13.11 5.57 6.82

2010-11 14.83 6.46 10.91

2011-12 15.22 6.52 8.69

2012-13 13.62 6.01 6.78

2013-14 12.68 6.06 7.35

2014-15 12.81 6.55 6.41

2015-16 14.32 7.11 5.92

2016-17 14.02 7.28 5.44

2017-18 13.90 7.86 5.78

2018-19(p) 12.69 8.13 5.17/a

Note: /a Nine month (July-March, 2018-19) average.

It is observed that the average real and nominal GDP growth rates during the last five years

were 7.39% and 13.55% respectively. The average inflation rate during this period was

recorded as 5.74%.

41

Annex-I

GDP Annex Tables

43

Table 1. Gross Domestic Product of Bangladesh at Current Prices, 2015-16 to 2018-19(p) (Million Tk.)

Industrial origin sector 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19(p)

1. AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY 1,903,146 2,053,983 2,273,525 2,462,659

a) Crops & horticulture 1,343,222 1,437,045 1,591,711 1,713,076

b) Animal Farming’s 331,653 360,262 396,246 432,118

c) Forest and related services 228,271 256,676 285,568 317,465

2. FISHING 530,756 596,270 668,823 748,278

3. MINING AND QUARRYING 285,777 341,270 388,837 440,386

a) Natural gas and crude petroleum 107,059 120,025 132,998 147,655

b) Other mining & quarrying 178,718 221,245 255,839 292,731

4. MANUFACTURING 2,951,110 3,418,287 4,041,443 4,820,481

a) Large & medium scale 2,401,641 2,792,168 3,325,938 3,998,602

b) Small scale 549,469 626,119 715,505 821,878

5. ELECTRICITY, GAS AND WATER SUPPLY 238,291 262,435 293,361 325,408

a) Electricity 184,465 203,700 227,281 254,972

b) Gas 42,793 45,787 51,960 54,724

c) Water 11,033 12,948 14,119 15,712

6. CONSTRUCTION 1,263,532 1,461,073 1,698,550 1,966,563

7. WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE;

REPAIR OF MOTOR VEHICLES,

MOTORCYCLES AND PERSONAL AND

HOUSEHOLD GOODS 2,142,574 2,439,581 2,798,225 3,212,040

8. HOTEL AND RESTAURANTS 170,583 193,182 221,228 252,803

9. TRANSPORT, STORAGE &

COMMUNICATION 1,691,650 1,870,755 2,046,300 2,254,382

a) Land Transport 1,278,949 1,428,080 1,570,384 1,744,258

b) Water transport 102,065 109,957 116,978 124,658

c) Air transport 13,516 13,985 14,758 15,737

d) Support transport services, storage 80,306 87,074 97,055 104,153

e) Post and Tele communications 216,814 231,659 247,125 265,576

10. FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATIONS 636,013 732,046 837,283 942,647

a) Monetary intermediation (Banks) 537,896 623,890 717,538 814,196

b) Insurance 63,266 68,078 73,414 75,039

c) Other financial intermediation 34,851 40,077 46,330 53,412

11. REAL ESTATE, RENTING AND BUSINESS

ACTIVITIES 1,237,395 1,445,392 1,664,189 1,868,491

12. PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND

DEFENCE 667,111 784,407 902,277 1,001,203

13. EDUCATION 465,124 568,555 644,778 723,081

14. HEALTH AND SOCIAL WORKS 347,578 389,867 440,642 500,562

15. COMMUNITY, SOCIAL AND PERSONAL

SERVICES 1,942,478 2,142,127 2,363,779 2,605,906

GVA at basic price 16,473,116 18,699,230 21,283,239 24,124,891

Tax less subsidy 855,521 1,058,923 1,221,555 1,236,879

GDP at current market price 17,328,637 19,758,154 22,504,793 25,361,770

Growth rate 14.32 14.02 13.90 12.69

Note : p denotes provisional

44

Table 2. Sectoral Share of GDP at Current Prices, 2015-16 to 2018-19(p)


1. AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY 11.55 10.98 10.68 10.21

a) Crops & horticulture 8.15 7.69 7.48 7.10

b) Animal Farmings 2.01 1.93 1.86 1.79

c) Forest and related services 1.39 1.37 1.34 1.32

2. FISHING 3.22 3.19 3.14 3.10

3. MINING AND QUARRYING 1.73 1.83 1.83 1.83

a) Natural gas and crude petroleum 0.65 0.64 0.62 0.61

b) Other mining & quarrying 1.08 1.18 1.20 1.21

4. MANUFACTURING 17.91 18.28 18.99 19.98

a) Large & medium scale 14.58 14.93 15.63 16.57

b) Small scale 3.34 3.35 3.36 3.41

5. ELECTRICITY, GAS AND WATER SUPPLY 1.45 1.40 1.38 1.35

a) Electricity 1.12 1.09 1.07 1.06

b) Gas 0.26 0.24 0.24 0.23

c) Water 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07

6. CONSTRUCTION 7.67 7.81 7.98 8.15




HOUSEHOLD GOODS 13.01 13.05 13.15 13.31

8. HOTEL AND RESTAURANTS 1.04 1.03 1.04 1.05


COMMUNICATION 10.27 10.00 9.61 9.34

a) Land Transport 7.76 7.64 7.38 7.23

b) Water transport 0.62 0.59 0.55 0.52

c) Air transport 0.08 0.07 0.07 0.07

d) Support transport services, storage 0.49 0.47 0.46 0.43

e) Post and Tele communications 1.32 1.24 1.16 1.10

10. FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATIONS 3.86 3.91 3.93 3.91

a) Monetary intermediation (Banks) 3.27 3.34 3.37 3.37

b) Insurance 0.38 0.36 0.34 0.31

c) Other financial intermediation 0.21 0.21 0.22 0.22


ACTIVITIES 7.51 7.73 7.82 7.75

12. PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND DEFENCE 4.05 4.19 4.24 4.15

13. EDUCATION 2.82 3.04 3.03 3.00

14. HEALTH AND SOCIAL WORKS 2.11 2.08 2.07 2.07


SERVICES 11.79 11.46 11.11 10.80

GVA at current basic price 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00


45

Table 3. Sectoral Growth Rate of GDP at Current Prices, 2015-16 to 2018-19(p)




b) Animal Farming’s 10.98 8.63 9.99 9.05


2. FISHING 11.55 12.34 12.17 11.88




4. MANUFACTURING 15.96 15.83 18.23 19.28


b) Small scale 13.31 13.95 14.28 14.87

5. ELECTRICITY, GAS AND WATER SUPPLY 19.94 10.13 11.78 10.92

a) Electricity 22.48 10.43 11.58 12.18

b) Gas 13.01 7.00 13.48 5.32

c) Water 8.14 17.36 9.05 11.28

6. CONSTRUCTION 16.47 15.63 16.25 15.78




HOUSEHOLD GOODS 11.25 13.86 14.70 14.79



COMMUNICATION 12.76 10.59 9.38 10.17

a) Land Transport 14.09 11.66 9.96 11.07


c) Air transport 6.53 3.47 5.53 6.63





b) Insurance 6.55 7.61 7.84 2.21



ACTIVITIES 16.67 16.81 15.14 12.28

12. PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND DEFENCE 31.65 17.58 15.03 10.96

13. EDUCATION 23.62 22.24 13.41 12.14



SERVICES 10.12 10.28 10.35 10.24

GDP at current market price 14.32 14.02 13.90 12.69


46

Table 4. Gross Domestic Product of Bangladesh at Constant Prices, 2015-16 to 2018-19(p)

(Base: 2005-06)


1. AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY 992,281 1,011,725 1,046,880 1,073,917

a) Crops & horticulture 708,139 714,908 736,780 749,693

b) Animal Farming’s 141,027 145,689 150,646 155,873

c) Forest and related services 143,115 151,128 159,453 168,351

2. FISHING 309,504 328,786 349,736 371,742


a) Natural gas and crude petroleum 88,429 88,727 90,723 93,545

b) Other mining & quarrying 61,537 74,575 84,014 94,113

4. MANUFACTURING 1,782,228 1,977,653 2,242,701 2,573,030

a) Large & medium scale 1,473,134 1,638,195 1,871,837 2,164,112

b) Small scale 309,094 339,458 370,864 408,919

5. ELECTRICITY, GAS AND WATER

SUPPLY 127,422 138,196 150,892 166,844

a) Electricity 107,268 117,154 129,091 144,032

b) Gas 12,459 12,494 12,769 13,133

c) Water 7,694 8,547 9,031 9,679

6. CONSTRUCTION 615,521 669,508 735,954 806,814




HOUSEHOLD GOODS 1,186,654 1,274,166 1,369,139 1,474,618



COMMUNICATION 959,718 1,024,633 1,092,084 1,167,187

a) Land Transport 609,181 652,219 696,027 744,257

b) Water transport 64,624 67,273 69,627 72,219

c) Air transport 9,926 10,203 10,482 11,115

d) Support transport services, storage 53,653 57,089 62,557 67,060

e) Post and Tele communications 222,333 237,849 253,391 272,537


a) Monetary intermediation (Banks) 244,596 268,944 291,839 319,341

b) Insurance 28,758 29,348 29,827 29,080

c) Other financial intermediation 14,519 15,834 17,268 18,699


ACTIVITIES 562,968 589,973 619,357 651,277


DEFENCE 307,962 336,152 364,628 388,139

13. EDUCATION 202,480 225,465 241,270 256,955



SERVICES 778,376 806,529 835,977 866,820

GVA at constant basic price 8,482,734 9,096,454 9,815,289 10,627,022

Tax less subsidy 352,655 382,521 409,087 428,115

GDP at constant market price 8,835,389 9,478,975 10,224,375 11,055,137

Growth rate 7.11 7.28 7.86 8.13


47

Table 5. Sectoral Share of GDP at Constant Prices, 2015-16 to 2018-19(p)






2. FISHING 3.65 3.61 3.56 3.50




4. MANUFACTURING 21.01 21.74 22.85 24.21


b) Small scale 3.64 3.73 3.78 3.85


SUPPLY 1.50 1.52 1.54 1.57

a) Electricity 1.26 1.29 1.32 1.36

b) Gas 0.15 0.14 0.13 0.12

c) Water 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09

6. CONSTRUCTION 7.26 7.36 7.50 7.59




HOUSEHOLD GOODS 13.99 14.01 13.95 13.88



COMMUNICATION 11.31 11.26 11.13 10.98

a) Land Transport 7.18 7.17 7.09 7.00


c) Air transport 0.12 0.11 0.11 0.10





b) Insurance 0.34 0.32 0.30 0.27



ACTIVITIES 6.64 6.49 6.31 6.13


DEFENCE 3.63 3.70 3.71 3.65

13. EDUCATION 2.39 2.48 2.46 2.42



SERVICES 9.18 8.87 8.52 8.16

GVA at constant basic price 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00


48

Table 6. Sectoral Growth Rate of GDP at Constant Prices, 2015-16 to 2018-19(p)






2. FISHING 6.11 6.23 6.37 6.29




4. MANUFACTURING 11.69 10.97 13.40 14.73


b) Small scale 9.06 9.82 9.25 10.26


SUPPLY 13.33 8.46 9.19 10.57

a) Electricity 14.20 9.22 10.19 11.57

b) Gas 9.91 0.28 2.20 2.85

c) Water 7.40 11.09 5.66 7.17

6. CONSTRUCTION 8.56 8.77 9.92 9.63




HOUSEHOLD GOODS 6.50 7.37 7.45 7.70



COMMUNICATION 6.08 6.76 6.58 6.88

a) Land Transport 6.28 7.06 6.72 6.93


c) Air transport 1.48 2.79 2.74 6.04





b) Insurance 0.54 2.05 1.63 -2.51



ACTIVITIES 4.47 4.80 4.98 5.15


DEFENCE 11.43 9.15 8.47 6.45

13. EDUCATION 11.71 11.35 7.01 6.50



SERVICES 3.30 3.62 3.65 3.69

GDP at constant market price 7.11 7.28 7.86 8.13


49

Table 7. Implicit GDP and Sectoral Deflators, 2015-16 to 2018-19(p)






2. FISHING 171.49 181.35 191.24 201.29




4. MANUFACTURING 165.59 172.85 180.20 187.35


b) Small scale 177.77 184.45 192.93 200.99


SUPPLY 187.01 189.90 194.42 195.04

a) Electricity 171.97 173.87 176.06 177.03

b) Gas 343.46 366.46 406.91 416.69

c) Water 143.39 151.49 156.34 162.33

6. CONSTRUCTION 205.28 218.23 230.80 243.74




HOUSEHOLD GOODS 180.56 191.46 204.38 217.82



COMMUNICATION 176.27 182.58 187.38 193.15

a) Land Transport 209.95 218.96 225.62 234.36


c) Air transport 136.17 137.07 140.80 141.59





b) Insurance 219.99 231.97 246.13 258.05



ACTIVITIES 219.80 244.99 268.70 286.90


DEFENCE 216.62 233.35 247.45 257.95

13. EDUCATION 229.71 252.17 267.24 281.40


15.

COMMUNITY, SOCIAL AND PERSONAL

SERVICES 249.56 265.60 282.76 300.63

GDP Deflator 196.13 208.44 220.11 229.41


50

Table 8. Per capita GDP, GNI and NNI at Current Prices, 2015-16 to 2018-19(p)

2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19(p)

GDP (Mill. Tk.) 17,328,637 19,758,154 22,504,793 25,361,770

GNI (Mill. Tk.) 18,326,749 20,607,164 23,531,077 26,497,865

NNI (Mill. Tk.) 16,825,587 18,900,832 21,588,278 24,297,127

Population (Mill. No.) 159.9 161.8 163.7 165.6

Per capita GDP (In Tk.) 108,378 122,152 137,518 153,197

Per capita GNI (In Tk.) 114,621 127,401 143,789 160,060

Per capita NNI (In Tk.) 105,232 116,852 131,917 146,766

Exchange rate (Taka per US$) 78.27 79.12 82.10 83.86

Per capita GDP (In US $) 1,385 1,544 1,675 1,827

Per capita GNI (In US $) 1,465 1,610 1,751 1,909

Per capita NNI (In US $) 1,345 1,477 1,607 1,750


Table 9. Per Capita Real GDP, GNI and NNI, 2015-16 to 2018-19(p)

2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19(p)

GDP (Mill. Tk.) 8,835,389 9,478,975 10,224,375 11,055,137

GNI (Mill. Tk.) 9,344,299 9,886,288 10,690,636 11,550,358

NNI (Mill. Tk.) 8,571,284 9,056,223 9,794,667 10,580,932

Population (Mill. No.) 159.9 161.8 163.7 165.6

Per capita GDP (In Tk.) 55,259 58,603 62,477 66,778

Per capita GNI (In Tk.) 58,442 61,121 65,326 69,770

Per capita NNI (In Tk.) 53,607 55,989 59,851 63,914


51

Table 10. Gross Domestic Product of Bangladesh at Current Prices by Major Economic Activity,

2015-16 to 2018-19(p)


1. AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY 1,903,146 2,053,983 2,273,525 2,462,659

2. FISHING 530,756 596,270 668,823 748,278


4. MANUFACTURING 2,951,110 3,418,287 4,041,443 4,820,481


6. CONSTRUCTION 1,263,532 1,461,073 1,698,550 1,966,563

7. WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE; REPAIR

OF MOTOR VEHICLES, MOTORCYCLES

AND PERSONAL AND HOUSEHOLD GOODS 2,142,574 2,439,581 2,798,225 3,212,040



COMMUNICATION 1,691,650 1,870,755 2,046,300 2,254,382



ACTIVITIES 1,237,395 1,445,392 1,664,189 1,868,491

12. PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND DEFENCE 667,111 784,407 902,277 1,001,203

13. EDUCATION 465,124 568,555 644,778 723,081



SERVICES 1,942,478 2,142,127 2,363,779 2,605,906

GVA at current basic price 16,473,116 18,699,230 21,283,239 24,124,891

Tax less subsidy 855,521 1,058,923 1,221,555 1,236,879

GDP at current market price 17,328,637 19,758,154 22,504,793 25,361,770

Net primary income from abroad 998,112 849,010 1,026,283 1,136,096

GNI at current market price 18,326,749 20,607,164 23,531,077 26,497,865

Consumption of fixed capital 1,501,162 1,706,332 1,942,798 2,200,739

NNI at current market price 16,825,587 18,900,832 21,588,278 24,297,127

Population (In Million) 159.9 161.8 163.7 165.6

Per capita GDP at current market price 108,378 122,152 137,518 153,197

Per capita GNI at current market price 114,621 127,401 143,789 160,060

Per capita NNI at current market price 105,232 116,852 131,917 146,766


52

Table 11. Gross Domestic Product of Bangladesh at Current Prices by Broad Industry Sector, 2015-16 to

2018-19(p)

Broad industry sector 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19(p)

GDP

1. AGRICULTURE 2,433,902 2,650,253 2,942,347 3,210,937

2. INDUSTRY 4,738,710 5,483,066 6,422,191 7,552,838

3. SERVICES 9,300,505 10,565,912 11,918,701 13,361,116

GVA Current basic price 16,473,116 18,699,230 21,283,239 24,124,891

Share

1. AGRICULTURE 14.77 14.17 13.82 13.31

2. INDUSTRY 28.77 29.32 30.17 31.31

3. SERVICES 56.46 56.50 56.00 55.38

GVA Current basic price 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00

Growth Rate

1. AGRICULTURE 8.62 8.89 11.02 9.13

2. INDUSTRY 16.51 15.71 17.13 17.61

3. SERVICES 14.23 13.61 12.80 12.10

GVA Current basic price 14.00 13.51 13.82 13.35


Table 12. Sectoral Share of GDP at Current Prices by Major Economic Activity, 2015-16 to 2018-19(p)


1. Agriculture and forestry 11.55 10.98 10.68 10.21

2. Fishing 3.22 3.19 3.14 3.10

3. Mining and quarrying 1.73 1.83 1.83 1.83

4. Manufacturing 17.91 18.28 18.99 19.98

5. Electricity, gas and water supply 1.45 1.40 1.38 1.35

6. Construction 7.67 7.81 7.98 8.15

7. Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor

vehicles, motorcycles and personal and

household goods 13.01 13.05 13.15 13.31

8. Hotel and restaurants 1.04 1.03 1.04 1.05

9. Transport, storage & communication 10.27 10.00 9.61 9.34

10. Financial intermediations 3.86 3.91 3.93 3.91

11. Real estate, renting and business activities 7.51 7.73 7.82 7.75

12. Public administration and defence 4.05 4.19 4.24 4.15

13. Education 2.82 3.04 3.03 3.00

14. Health and social works 2.11 2.08 2.07 2.07

15. Community, social and personal services 11.79 11.46 11.11 10.80



53

Table 13. Sectoral Growth Rate of GDP at Current Prices by Major Economic Sector,

2015-16 to 2018-19(p)



2. Fishing 11.55 12.34 12.17 11.88


4. Manufacturing 15.96 15.83 18.23 19.28


6. Construction 16.47 15.63 16.25 15.78


vehicles, motorcycles and personal and household

goods 11.25 13.86 14.70 14.79





12. Public administration and defence 31.65 17.58 15.03 10.96

13. Education 23.62 22.24 13.41 12.14





54

Table 14. Gross Domestic Product of Bangladesh at Constant Prices by Major Economic Sector, 2015-16

to 2018-19(p)


1. AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY 992,281 1,011,725 1,046,880 1,073,917

2. FISHING 309,504 328,786 349,736 371,742


4. MANUFACTURING 1,782,228 1,977,653 2,242,701 2,573,030


6. CONSTRUCTION 615,521 669,508 735,954 806,814




HOUSEHOLD GOODS 1,186,654 1,274,166 1,369,139 1,474,618



COMMUNICATION 959,718 1,024,633 1,092,084 1,167,187



ACTIVITIES 562,968 589,973 619,357 651,277

12. PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND DEFENCE 307,962 336,152 364,628 388,139

13. EDUCATION 202,480 225,465 241,270 256,955



SERVICES 778,376 806,529 835,977 866,820


Tax less subsidy 352,655 382,521 409,087 428,115

GDP at constant market price 8,835,389 9,478,975 10,224,375 11,055,137

Net primary income from abroad 508,909 407,313 466,261 495,221

GNI at constant market price 9,344,299 9,886,288 10,690,636 11,550,358

Consumption of fixed capital 773,015 830,065 895,969 969,426

NNI at constant market price 8,571,284 9,056,223 9,794,667 10,580,932

Population (In Million) 159.9 161.8 163.7 165.6

Per capita GDP at constant market price 55,259 58,603 62,477 66,778

Per capita GNI at constant market price 58,442 61,121 65,326 69,770

Per capita NNI at constant market price 53,607 55,989 59,851 63,914


55

Table 15. Gross Domestic Product of Bangladesh at Constant Prices by Broad Industry Sector, 2015-16

to 2018-19(p)

Broad industry sector 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19(p)

GDP

1. AGRICULTURE 1,301,786 1,340,511 1,396,616 1,445,659

2. INDUSTRY 2,675,137 2,948,659 3,304,284 3,734,347

3. SERVICES 4,505,812 4,807,284 5,114,389 5,447,017


1. AGRICULTURE 15.35 14.74 14.23 13.60

2. INDUSTRY 31.54 32.42 33.66 35.14

3. SERVICES 53.12 52.85 52.11 51.26


1. AGRICULTURE 2.79 2.97 4.19 3.51

2. INDUSTRY 11.09 10.22 12.06 13.02

3. SERVICES 6.25 6.69 6.39 6.50



Table 16. Sectoral Share of GDP at Constant Prices by Major Economic Sector, 2015-16 to 2018-19(p)



2. Fishing 3.65 3.61 3.56 3.50


4. Manufacturing 21.01 21.74 22.85 24.21


6. Construction 7.26 7.36 7.50 7.59


vehicles, motorcycles and personal and household

goods 13.99 14.01 13.95 13.88





12. Public administration and defense 3.63 3.70 3.71 3.65

13. Education 2.39 2.48 2.46 2.42





56

Table 17. Sectoral Growth Rate of GDP at Constant Prices by Major Economic Sector,

2015-16 to 2018-19(p)



2. Fishing 6.11 6.23 6.37 6.29


4. Manufacturing 11.69 10.97 13.40 14.73


6. Construction 8.56 8.77 9.92 9.63


vehicles, motorcycles and personal and

household goods 6.50 7.37 7.45 7.70





12. Public administration and defense 11.43 9.15 8.47 6.45

13. Education 11.71 11.35 7.01 6.50



GDP at constant basic price 7.17 7.23 7.90 8.27


57

Table 18: Gross Domestic Product by Expenditure Categories at Current Prices,

2015-16 to 2018-19(p)

(Million Tk.)

2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19(p)

Domestic demand (1)+(2) 18,138,721 20,781,861 24,395,224 27,299,176

Consumption (1) 13,000,335 14,753,559 17,365,869 19,293,841

Private 11,979,247 13,568,893 15,935,308 17,696,159

General Govt. 1,021,088 1,184,667 1,430,561 1,597,682

Investment (2) 5138386.1 6,028,302 7,029,355 8,005,334

Private 3,983,470 4,563,583 5,235,183 5,934,143

Public 1,154,916 1,464,719 1,794,172 2,071,192

Resource balance (3)-(4) -806,625 -1,033,704 -1,945,084 -1,794,852

Exports (3) 2,885,169 2,970,857 3,330,925 4,034,083

Imports (4) 3,691,794 4,004,561 5,276,009 5,828,935

Gross Domestic Exp. at market price (m..p) 17,332,096 19,748,157 22,450,140 25,504,324

Gross Domestic Product at m.p.(5) 17,328,637 19,758,154 22,504,793 25,361,770

Statistical Discrepancy (6) -3,459 9,997 54,653 -142,554

Net Factor Income from Abroad (7) 998,112 849,010 1,026,283 1,136,096

Gross National Income at m.p. (8)=(5)+(7) 18,326,749 20,607,164 23,531,076 26,497,866

Net Current Transfers from Abroad (9) 5,828 3,530 4950 1795

Gross Disposible National Income

(10)=(8)+(9) 18,332,577 20,610,694 23,536,026 26,499,661

Gross Domestic saving (11)=(5)-(1) 4,328,302 5,004,595 5,138,924 6,067,929

Gross National saving (12)=(10)-(1) 5,332,242 5,857,135 6,170,157 7,205,819

Current Account Balance (13)=(12)-(2)-(6) 197,315 -181,164 -913,851 -656,961

Memo items: (% of GDP)

Consumption 75.02 74.67 77.17 76.07

Private 69.13 68.67 70.81 69.77

General Govt. 5.89 6.00 6.36 6.30

Investment 29.65 30.51 31.23 31.56

Private 22.99 23.10 23.26 23.40

Public 6.66 7.41 7.97 8.17

Exports of Goods & Services 16.65 15.04 14.80 15.91

Imports of Goods & Services 21.30 20.27 23.44 22.98

Gross Domestic Saving 24.98 25.33 22.83 23.93

Gross National Saving 30.77 29.64 27.42 28.41

Note: p denotes provisional.

58

Table 19: Gross Domestic Product by Expenditure Categories at Constant

Prices, 2015-16 to 2018-19(p)

(Million Tk)

2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19(p)

Domestic demand (1)+(2) 8,868,203 9,605,348 10,670,032 11,358,534

Consumption (1) 6,038,499 6,488,464 7,225,820 7,631,603

Private 5,570,432 5,984,094 6,643,713 7,003,174

General Govt. 468,066 504,370 582,107 628,429

Investment (2) 2,829,704 3,116,884 3,444,212 3,726,931

Private 2,189,871 2,366,384 2,573,935 2,766,372

Public 639,833 750,500 870,276 960,560

Resource balance (3)-(4) -168,804 -250,491 -590,269 -461,750

Exports (3) 1,472,415 1,437,922 1,554,226 1,785,039

Imports (4) 1,641,220 1,688,413 2,144,495 2,246,788

Gross Domestic Exp. at market price(m.p.) 8699398.3 9,354,857 10,079,763 10896785

Gross Domestic Product at m.p. (5) 8835389 9,478,975 10224375 11055137

Statistical Discrepancy(6) 135,991 124,118 144,612 158,452

Net Factor Income from Abroad(7) 508,909 407,313 466,261 495,226

Gross National Income at m.p. (8)=(5)+(7) 9,344,298 9,886,288 10,690,636 11,550,463

Net Current Transfers from Abroad (9) 2,972 1,694 2,249 783

Gross Disposible National Income (10)=(8)+(9) 9,347,270 9,887,981 10,692,885 11,551,245

GDP Deflator 196.13 208.44 220.11 229.41

(Implicit Deflators : base=2005-06)

Final Consumption Expenditure

Consumer Prices Index 215.05 226.75 239.86 252.69

Special Government Employees Index 218.15 234.88 245.76 254.23

Gross Capital Formation

Other Construction (Kutcha) 189.41 198.88 211.67 222.74

Wage Rate Index (Agriculture) 234.48 249.91 267.68 284.20

Construction Materiel Price Index

(Building Materiel Price Index) 205.01 218.27 230.78 243.87

Planted Machinery 129.72 133.71 138.19 144.22

Transport Equipment 162.41 165.95 171.42 179.65

Unit Price Index

Export 195.95 206.61 214.31 225.99

Import 224.94 237.18 246.03 259.43

Annual percentage change

Final Consumption Expenditure : 3.40 7.45 11.36 5.62

Household Final Consumption Expenditure 3.00 7.43 11.02 5.41

General Govt. Final Consumption Expenditure 8.37 7.76 15.41 7.96

Gross Capital Formation 8.91 10.15 10.50 8.21

Exports of Goods and Services 2.20 -2.34 8.09 14.85

Imports of Goods and Services -7.09 2.88 27.01 4.77

Note: p denotes provisional.

59

Table 20. Final Consumption Expenditure by Basic Heading at Current Prices

ICP code

Main Aggregates Categories Basic

Headings

Consumption Expenditure (Million Tk.)

2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19(p)

A. Household Consumption

1.01.00.0 Food and non-alcoholic

beverages 29 6,208,548 7,034,096 8,272,098 9,176,714

1.01.10.0 Food 27 6,182,934 7,005,022 8,237,970 9,138,782

1.01.11.0 Bread and cereals 5 2,758,262 3,124,983 3,674,059 4,076,882

1.01.11.1 Rice 2,407,805 2,727,556 3,206,821 3,558,434

1.01.11.2 Other cereals, flour and other

cereal products 187,163 212,132 249,298 276,793

1.01.11.3 Bread 12,661 14,368 16,866 18,739

1.01.11.4 Other bakery products 50,881 57,680 67,785 75,322

1.01.11.5 Pasta products 99,752 113,246 133,290 147,594

1.01.12.0 Meat 5 396,759 449,976 530,982 585,536

1.01.12.1 Beef and veal 233,635 264,684 312,863 343,839

1.01.12.2 Pork - - - -

1.01.12.3 Lamb, mutton and goat 21,163 24,467 29,060 31,916

1.01.12.4 Poultry 132,757 150,391 176,799 196,169

1.01.12.5 Other meats and meat preparations 9,204 10,434 12,259 13,612

1.01.13.0 Fish and seafood 2 790,894 895,929 1,053,708 1,170,068

1.01.13.1 Fresh, chilled or frozen fish and

seafood 755,864 856,281 1,007,047 1,118,252

1.01.13.2 Preserved or processed fish and

seafood 35,031 39,649 46,661 51,816

1.01.14.0 Milk, cheese and eggs 4 330,952 374,606 440,642 488,593

1.01.14.1 Fresh milk 181,029 204,980 241,047 267,319

1.01.14.2 Preserved milk and other milk

products 57,741 65,301 76,859 85,162

1.01.14.3 Cheese 4,013 4,537 5,341 5,915

1.01.14.4 Eggs and egg-based products 88,168 99,789 117,395 130,196

1.01.15.0 Oils and fats 2 229,579 260,410 305,857 339,801

1.01.15.1 Butter and margarine 1,996 2,263 2,658 2,952

1.01.15.2 Other edible oil and fats 227,583 258,147 303,198 336,849

1.01.16.0 Fruits 2 182,627 206,465 243,026 269,190

1.01.16.1 Fresh or chilled fruit 180,186 206,068 242,438 268,516

1.01.16.2 Frozen , preserved or processed

fruit and fruit-based products 77 88 103 114

1.01.17.0 Vegetables 3 655,497 742,711 873,072 969,180

Contd.

60


ICP code


Headings


2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19(p)

1.01.17.1 Fresh or chilled vegetables other

than potatoes 400,457 454,041 533,466 592,493

1.01.17.2 Fresh or chilled potatoes 175,784 198,939 234,064 259,594

1.01.17.3 Frozen, preserved or processed

vegetables and vegetable-based

products 79,256 89,731 105,543 117,093

1.01.18.0 Sugar, jam ,honey, chocolate and

confectionery 3 87,291 98,977 116,277 129,134

1.01.18.1 Sugar 55,430 62,901 73,857 82,084

1.01.18.2 Jam, marmalades and honey 24,233 27,458 32,271 35,814

1.01.18.3 Chocolate, confectionery and ice

cream 7,627 8,618 10,149 11,236

1.01.19.0 Food products i.e. 1 751,074 850,966 1,000,346 1,110,398

1.01.20.0 Non-alcoholic beverage 2 25,614 29,074 34,128 37,933

1.01.21.0 Coffee, tea and cocoa 20,352 23,066 27,107 30,094

1.01.22.0 Mineral water, soft drinks, fruit

and vegetable juices 5,262 6,009 7,021 7,839

1.02.00.0 Alcoholic beverage, tobacco and

narcotics 5 241,201 281,246 318,125 361,966

1.02.10.0 Alcoholic beverages 3 - - - -

1.02.11.0 Spirits - - - -

1.02.12.0 Wine - - - -

1.02.13.0 Beer - - - -

1.02.20.0 Tobacco 1 131,597 153,229 173,847 197,571

1.02.30.0 Narcotics 1 109,604 127,397 144,278 164,396

1.03.00.0 Clothing and footwear 5 727,726 825,272 969,626 1,077,348

1.03.10.0 Clothing 3 648,725 735,848 864,428 960,658

1.03.11.0 Clothing materials, other articles

of clothing and clothing

accessories 50,523 57,422 67,361 74,994

1.03.12.0 Garments 594,607 674,343 792,275 880,335

1.03.14.0 Cleaning, repair and hire of

clothing 3,595 4,083 4,791 5,329

1.03.20.0 Footwear 2 79,001 89,424 105,197 116,690

1.03.21.0 Shoes and other footwear 78,455 88,783 104,480 115,931

1.03.22.0 Repair and hire of footwear 727 824 968 1,075

1.04.00.0 Housing, water, electricity, gas

and other fuels 7 1,971,074 2,234,736 2,626,832 2,917,550

1.04.10.0 Actual and imputed rentals for

housing 1 989,086 1,122,005 1,319,012 1,465,585

Contd.

61


ICP code


Headings


2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19(p)

1.04.30.0 Maintenance and repair of the

dwelling 1 205,290 232,388 273,349 303,188

1.04.40.0 Water supply and miscellaneous

services relating to the dwelling 2 14,754 16,620 19,527 21,714

1.04.41.0 Water supply 10,598 11,907 13,991 15,568

1.04.42.0 Miscellaneous services relating to

the dwelling 4,157 4,712 5,536 6,147

1.04.50.0 Electricity, gas and other fuels 3 761,944 863,723 1,014,943 1,127,063

1.04.51.0 Electricity 133,713 151,640 178,128 197,893

1.04.52.0 Gas 39,257 44,566 52,309 58,156

1.04.53.0 Other fuels 588,975 667,517 784,506 871,013

1.05.00.0 Furnishings, household

equipment and routine

household maintenance 13 392,153 444,543 522,390 580,325

1.05.10.0 Furniture and furnishings, carpets

and other floor coverings 3 84,496 96,124 112,686 125,567

1.05.11.0 Furniture and furnishings 81,577 92,814 108,798 121,249

1.05.12.0 Carpets and other floor coverings 627 714 836 932

1.05.13.0 Repair of furniture, furnishings

and floor coverings 2,292 2,597 3,052 3,387

1.05.20.0 Household textiles 1 60,304 68,319 80,329 89,197

1.05.30.0 Household appliances 3 7,607 8,568 10,069 11,193

1.05.31.0 Major household appliances

whether electricity or not 5,223 5,865 6,893 7,666

1.05.32.0 Small electricity household

appliances 1,762 1,996 2,346 2,604

1.05.33.0 Repair of household appliances 623 707 830 923

1.05.40.0 Glassware, tableware and

household utensils 1 22,476 25,460 29,931 33,213

1.05.50.0 Tools and equipment for house and

garden 2 1,267 1,447 1,691 1,889

1.05.51.0 Major tools and equipment 376 426 501 556

1.05.52.0 Small tools and miscellaneous

accessories 889 1,012 1,186 1,321

1.05.60.0 Goods and services for routine

household maintenance 3 216,003 244,626 287,685 319,265

1.05.61.0 Non-durable household goods 117,486 133,045 156,458 173,605

1.05.62.0 Domestic services and household

services 98,518 111,582 131,226 145,661

1.05.62.1 Domestic services 98,290 111,249 130,899 145,234

1.05.62.2 Household services 68 77 91 101

Contd.

62


ICP code


Headings


2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19(p)

1.06.00.0 Health 7 320,430 361,206 430,565 477,618

1.06.10.0 Medical products, appliances and

equipment 3 229,982 258,310 310,401 343,568

1.06.11.0 Pharmaceutical products 224,620 252,190 303,245 335,580

1.06.12.0 Other medical products 4,469 5,105 5,965 6,664

1.06.13.0 Therapeutic appliances and

equipment 893 1,015 1,190 1,324

1.06.20.0 Out-patient services 3 62,156 70,474 82,341 91,562

1.06.21.0 Medical services 42,043 47,485 55,490 61,649

1.06.22.0 Dental services 936 1,066 1,249 1,392

1.06.23.0 Paramedical services 19,176 21,924 25,602 28,521

1.06.30.0 Hospital services 1 28,292 32,423 37,824 42,488

1.07.00.0 Transport 13 505,172 573,308 674,689 747,771

1.07.10.0 Purchase of vehicles 4 85,795 98,468 115,770 128,073

1.07.11.0 Motor cars 34,676 39,379 46,200 51,162

1.07.12.0 Motor cycles 14,141 16,209 19,068 21,083

1.07.13.0 Bicycles 22,843 26,365 31,047 34,337

1.07.14.0 Animal drawn vehicles 14,135 16,515 19,456 21,492

1.07.20.0 Operation of personal transport

equipment 3 71,609 80,925 95,293 105,564

1.07.22.0 Fuels and lubricants for personal

transport equipment 27,644 31,256 36,785 40,749

1.07.23.0 Maintenance and repair of personal

transport equipment 26,411 29,839 35,147 38,932

1.07.24.0 Other services in respect of

personal transport equipment 17,554 19,830 23,361 25,882

1.07.30.0 Transport services 6 347,768 393,915 463,625 514,134

1.07.31.0 Passenger transport by railway 3,607 4,136 4,818 5,399

1.07.32.0 Passenger transport by road 272,470 309,120 363,967 403,355

1.07.33.0 Passenger transport by air 2,024 2,304 2,699 3,010

1.07.34.0 Passenger transport by sea and

inland waterway 21,653 23,982 28,193 31,401

1.07.35.0 Combined passenger transport - - - -

1.07.36.0 Other purchased transport services 48,013 54,374 63,947 70,969

1.08.00.0 Communication 3 58,083 65,930 77,719 86,147

1.08.10.0 Postal services 7,118 8,105 9,542 10,538

1.08.20.0 Telephone and telefax equipment 5,868 6,676 7,825 8,722

Contd.

63


ICP code


Headings


2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19(p)

1.08.20.0 Telephone and telefax services 45,096 51,149 60,352 66,887

1.09.00.0 Recreation and culture 13 81,351 92,076 108,340 120,220

1.09.10.0 Audio-visual, photographic and

information processing equipment 3 66,529 75,297 88,599 98,318


information processing equipment 35,928 40,663 47,845 53,102

1.09.14.0 Recording media 24,533 27,764 32,672 36,246

1.09.15.0 Repair of audio-visual,

photographic and information

processing equipment 6,068 6,870 8,081 8,970

1.09.20.0 Other major durables for recreation

and culture 2 181 205 241 268

1.09.21.0 Major durable for outdoor and

indoor recreation 88 100 118 130

1.09.23.0 Maintenance and repair of other

major durables for recreation and

culture 93 105 124 137

1.09.30.0 Other recreational items and

equipment, gardens and pets 3 774 876 1,031 1,144


equipment’s 698 791 930 1,032

1.09.33.0 Gardens and pets 76 85 101 112

1.09.35.0 Veterinary and other services for

pets - - - -

1.09.40.0 Recreation and cultural services 3 8,688 9,827 11,569 12,827

1.09.41.0 Recreational and sporting services 4,569 5,166 6,083 6,742

1.09.42.0 Cultural services 4,119 4,661 5,486 6,085

1.09.43.0 Games of chance - - - -

1.09.50.0 Newspapers, books and stationery 1 4,760 5,396 6,342 7,045

1.09.60.0 Package holidays 1 419 474 558 619

1.10.00.0 Education 1 518,547 579,981 683,245 757,670

1.11.00.0 Restaurants and hotels 2 279,278 316,319 372,543 413,105

1.11.10.0 Catering services 225,355 255,621 300,302 333,533

1.11.20.0 Accommodation services 53,922 60,698 72,241 79,572

1.12.00.0 Miscellaneous goods and services 10 454,858 514,865 605,758 672,173

1.12.10.0 Personal care 2 174,652 197,647 232,582 258,069

1.12.11.0 Hairdressing salon and personal

grooming establishments 30,060 33,913 40,002 44,335

1.12.12 Appliances, articles and products

for personal care 144,592 163,734 192,579 213,734

1.12.20.0 Prostitution 1 - - - -

Contd.

64


ICP code


Headings


2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19(p)

1.12.30.0 Personal effects n.e.c 2 206,973 234,293 275,641 305,836

1.12.31.0 Jewellery, clock and watch 206,364 233,604 274,830 304,936

1.12.32.0 Other personal effects 609 689 811 900

1.12.40.0 Social protection 1 - - - -

1.12.50.0 Insurance 1 9,728 11,021 12,958 14,392

1.12.60.0 Financial services n.e.c 2 - - - -

1.12.61.0 FISIM - - - -

1.12.62.0 Other financial services i.e. - - - -

1.12.70.0 Other services i.e. 1 63,505 71,903 84,577 93,876

1.13.00.0 Net purchases abroad 2 - - - -

1.13.11.1 Purchases by residential

households in the rest of the world - - - -

1.13.11.2 Purchases by non-residential

households in the economic

territory of the country - - - -

Total 110 11,758,421 13,323,578 15,661,928 17,388,608

B. NPISHs Consumption - -

2.00.00.0 Individual consumption

expenditure by NPISHs 1 220825 245315 273,379 307,551

C. Government Consumption 1,021,088 1,184,667 1,430,561 1,597,682

3.00.00.0 Individual consumption

expenditure by Government 21 296,626 255,392 314,407 357,843

4.00.00.0 Collective consumption

expenditure by Government 5 724462 929274 1,116,154 1,239,839

D. Expenditure on Capital

Formation

5.00.00.0 Gross fixed capital formation 12 5,138,386 6,028,302 7,029,355 8,005,334

6.00.00.0 Changes in inventories and

acquisition less disposals of

valuables 4 - -

E. Balance of Payment

7.01.11.0 Balance of exports and imports 2 -806625 -1033704 -1,945,084 -1,794,852

7.01.11.1 Exports of goods and services 2,885,169 2,970,857 3,330,925 4,034,083

7.01.11.2 Imports of goods and services 3,691,794 4,004,561 5,276,009 5,828,935

GDP at Expenditure based 155 17,332,096 19,748,157 22,450,139 25,504,324

Note: All figures are highly provisional and subject to revision, “p” denotes provisional estimates

65

Table 21. Share of Expenditure by Basic Heading at Current Prices

ICP code Main Aggregates Categories Basic

Headings

Share of Total GDE

2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19(p)


1.01.00.0 Food and non-alcoholic beverages 29 35.82 35.62 36.85 35.98

1.01.10.0 Food 27 35.67 35.47 36.69 35.83

1.01.11.0 Bread and cereals 5 15.91 15.82 16.37 15.99

1.01.11.1 Rice 13.89 13.81 14.28 13.95

1.01.11.2 Other cereals, flour and other cereal

products 1.08 1.07 1.11 1.09

1.01.11.3 Bread 0.07 0.07 0.08 0.07

1.01.11.4 Other bakery products 0.29 0.29 0.30 0.30

1.01.11.5 Pasta products 0.58 0.57 0.59 0.58

1.01.12.0 Meat 5 2.29 2.28 2.37 2.30

1.01.12.1 Beef and veal 1.35 1.34 1.39 1.35

1.01.12.2 Pork - - - -

1.01.12.3 Lamb, mutton and goat 0.12 0.12 0.13 0.13

1.01.12.4 Poultry 0.77 0.76 0.79 0.77

1.01.12.5 Other meats and meat preparations 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05

1.01.13.0 Fish and seafood 2 4.56 4.54 4.69 4.59

1.01.13.1 Fresh, chilled or frozen fish and

seafood 4.36 4.34 4.49 4.38

1.01.13.2 Preserved or processed fish and

seafood 0.20 0.20 0.21 0.20

1.01.14.0 Milk, cheese and eggs 4 1.91 1.90 1.96 1.92

1.01.14.1 Fresh milk 1.04 1.04 1.07 1.05

1.01.14.2 Preserved milk and other milk

products 0.33 0.33 0.34 0.33

1.01.14.3 Cheese 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02

1.01.14.4 Eggs and egg-based products 0.51 0.51 0.52 0.51

1.01.15.0 Oils and fats 2 1.32 1.32 1.36 1.33

1.01.15.1 Butter and margarine 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01

1.01.15.2 Other edible oil and fats 1.31 1.31 1.35 1.32

1.01.16.0 Fruits 2 1.05 1.05 1.08 1.06

1.01.16.1 Fresh or chilled fruit 1.04 1.04 1.08 1.05

1.01.16.2 Frozen , preserved or processed fruit

and fruit-based products 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

1.01.17.0 Vegetables 3 3.78 3.76 3.89 3.80

1.01.17.1 Fresh or chilled vegetables other than

potatoes 2.31 2.30 2.38 2.32

1.01.17.2 Fresh or chilled potatoes 1.01 1.01 1.04 1.02

Contd.

66



Headings

Share of Total GDE

2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19(p)

1.01.17.3

Frozen, preserved or processed

vegetables and vegetable-based

products

0.46 0.45 0.47 0.46


confectionery 3 0.50 0.50 0.52 0.51

1.01.18.1 Sugar 0.32 0.32 0.33 0.32

1.01.18.2 Jam, marmalades and honey 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14

1.01.18.3 Chocolate, confectionery and ice

cream 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.04

1.01.19.0 Food products i.e. 1 4.33 4.31 4.46 4.35

1.01.20.0 Non-alcoholic beverage 2 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15

1.01.21.0 Coffee, tea and cocoa 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12

1.01.22.0 Mineral water, soft drinks, fruit and

vegetable juices 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03


narcotics 5 1.39 1.42 1.42 1.42

1.02.10.0 Alcoholic beverages 3 - - - -

1.02.11.0 Spirits - - - -

1.02.12.0 Wine - - - -

1.02.13.0 Beer - - - -

1.02.20.0 Tobacco 1 0.76 0.78 0.77 0.77

1.02.30.0 Narcotics 1 0.63 0.65 0.64 0.64

1.03.00.0 Clothing and footwear 5 4.20 4.18 4.32 4.22

1.03.10.0 Clothing 3 3.74 3.73 3.85 3.77

1.03.11.0 Clothing materials, other articles of

clothing and clothing accessories 0.29 0.29 0.30 0.29

1.03.12.0 Garments 3.43 3.41 3.53 3.45

1.03.14.0 Cleaning, repair and hire of clothing 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02

1.03.20.0 Footwear 2 0.46 0.45 0.47 0.46

1.03.21.0 Shoes and other footwear 0.45 0.45 0.47 0.45

1.03.22.0 Repair and hire of footwear 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

1.04.00.0 Housing, water, electricity, gas and

other fuels 7 11.37 11.32 11.70 11.44

1.04.10.0 Actual and imputed rentals for housing 1 5.71 5.68 5.88 5.75

1.04.30.0 Maintenance and repair of the dwelling 1 1.18 1.18 1.22 1.19

1.04.40.0 Water supply and miscellaneous

services relating to the dwelling 2 0.09 0.08 0.09 0.09

1.04.41.0 Water supply 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06

Contd.

67



Headings

Share of Total GDE

2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19(p)

1.04.42.0 Miscellaneous services relating to the

dwelling 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02

1.04.50.0 Electricity, gas and other fuels 3 4.40 4.37 4.52 4.42

1.04.51.0 Electricity 0.77 0.77 0.79 0.78

1.04.52.0 Gas 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23

1.04.53.0 Other fuels 3.40 3.38 3.49 3.42

1.05.00.0 Furnishings, household equipment

and routine household maintenance 13 2.26 2.25 2.33 2.28

1.05.10.0 Furniture and furnishings, carpets and

other floor coverings 3 0.49 0.49 0.50 0.49

1.05.11.0 Furniture and furnishings 0.47 0.47 0.48 0.48

1.05.12.0 Carpets and other floor coverings 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

1.05.13.0 Repair of furniture, furnishings and

floor coverings 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01

1.05.20.0 Household textiles 1 0.35 0.35 0.36 0.35

1.05.30.0 Household appliances 3 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04

1.05.31.0 Major household appliances whether

electricity or not 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03

1.05.32.0 Small electricity household appliances 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01

1.05.33.0 Repair of household appliances 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

1.05.40.0 Glassware, tableware and household

utensils 1 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13

1.05.50.0 Tools and equipment for house and

garden 2 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01

1.05.51.0 Major tools and equipment 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

1.05.52.0 Small tools and miscellaneous

accessories 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01

1.05.60.0 Goods and services for routine

household maintenance 3 1.25 1.24 1.28 1.25

1.05.61.0 Non-durable household goods 0.68 0.67 0.70 0.68

1.05.62.0 Domestic services and household

services 0.57 0.57 0.58 0.57

1.05.62.1 Domestic services 0.57 0.56 0.58 0.57

1.05.62.2 Household services 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

1.06.00.0 Health 7 1.85 1.83 1.92 1.87


equipment 3 1.33 1.31 1.38 1.35

1.06.11.0 Pharmaceutical products 1.30 1.28 1.35 1.32

Contd.

68



Headings

Share of Total GDE

2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19(p)

1.06.12.0 Other medical products 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03

1.06.13.0 Therapeutic appliances and equipment 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01

1.06.20.0 Out-patient services 3 0.36 0.36 0.37 0.36

1.06.21.0 Medical services 0.24 0.24 0.25 0.24

1.06.22.0 Dental services 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01

1.06.23.0 Paramedical services 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11

1.06.30.0 Hospital services 1 0.16 0.16 0.17 0.17

1.07.00.0 Transport 13 2.91 2.90 3.01 2.93

1.07.10.0 Purchase of vehicles 4 0.50 0.50 0.52 0.50

1.07.11.0 Motor cars 0.20 0.20 0.21 0.20

1.07.12.0 Motor cycles 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08

1.07.13.0 Bicycles 0.13 0.13 0.14 0.13

1.07.14.0 Animal drawn vehicles 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.08

1.07.20.0 Operation of personal transport

equipment 3 0.41 0.41 0.42 0.41

1.07.22.0 Fuels and lubricants for personal

transport equipment 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16



1.07.24.0 Other services in respect of personal


1.07.30.0 Transport services 6 2.01 1.99 2.07 2.02

1.07.31.0 Passenger transport by railway 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02

1.07.32.0 Passenger transport by road 1.57 1.57 1.62 1.58

1.07.33.0 Passenger transport by air 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01

1.07.34.0 Passenger transport by sea and inland

waterway 0.12 0.12 0.13 0.12

1.07.35.0 Combined passenger transport - - - -

1.07.36.0 Other purchased transport services 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.28

1.08.00.0 Communication 3 0.34 0.33 0.35 0.34

1.08.10.0 Postal services 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04

1.08.20.0 Telephone and telefax equipment 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03

1.08.20.0 Telephone and telefax services 0.26 0.26 0.27 0.26

1.09.00.0 Recreation and culture 13 0.47 0.47 0.48 0.47


information processing equipment 3 0.38 0.38 0.39 0.39

Contd.

69



Headings

Share of Total GDE

2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19(p)


information processing equipment 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21

1.09.14.0 Recording media 0.14 0.14 0.15 0.14

1.09.15.0 Repair of audio-visual, photographic

and information processing equipment 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.04

1.09.20.0 Other major durables for recreation

and culture 2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

1.09.21.0 Major durable for outdoor and indoor

recreation 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

1.09.23.0 Maintenance and repair of other major

durables for recreation and culture 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00


equipment, gardens and pets 3 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00


equipment’s 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

1.09.33.0 Gardens and pets 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

1.09.35.0 Veterinary and other services for pets - - - -

1.09.40.0 Recreation and cultural services 3 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05

1.09.41.0 Recreational and sporting services 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03

1.09.42.0 Cultural services 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02

1.09.43.0 Games of chance - - - -

1.09.50.0 Newspapers, books and stationery 1 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03

1.09.60.0 Package holidays 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

1.10.00.0 Education 1 2.99 2.94 3.04 2.97

1.11.00.0 Restaurants and hotels 2 1.61 1.60 1.66 1.62

1.11.10.0 Catering services 1.30 1.29 1.34 1.31

1.11.20.0 Accommodation services 0.31 0.31 0.32 0.31

1.12.00.0 Miscellaneous goods and services 10 2.62 2.61 2.70 2.64

1.12.10.0 Personal care 2 1.01 1.00 1.04 1.01

1.12.11.0 Hairdressing salon and personal

grooming establishments 0.17 0.17 0.18 0.17

1.12.12 Appliances, articles and products for

personal care 0.83 0.83 0.86 0.84

1.12.20.0 Prostitution 1 - - - -

1.12.30.0 Personal effects n.e.c 2 1.19 1.19 1.23 1.20

1.12.31.0 Jewellery, clock and watch 1.19 1.18 1.22 1.20

1.12.32.0 Other personal effects 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Contd.

70



Headings

Share of Total GDE

2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19(p)

1.12.40.0 Social protection 1 - - - -

1.12.50.0 Insurance 1 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06

1.12.60.0 Financial services n.e.c 2 - - - -

1.12.61.0 FISIM - - - -

1.12.62.0 Other financial services i.e. - - - -

1.12.70.0 Other services i.e. 1 0.37 0.36 0.38 0.37

1.13.00.0 Net purchases abroad 2 - - - -

1.13.11.1 Purchases by residential households in

the rest of the world - - - -

1.13.11.2

Purchases by non-residential

households in the economic territory of

the country

- - - -

Total 110 67.84 67.47 69.76 68.18

B. NPISHs Consumption - - - -

2.00.00.0 Individual consumption expenditure

by NPISHs 1 1.27 1.24 1.22 1.21

C. Government Consumption 5.89 6.00 6.37 6.26

3.00.00.0 Individual consumption expenditure

by Government 21 1.71 1.29 1.40 1.40

4.00.00.0 Collective consumption expenditure

by Government 5 4.18 4.71 4.97 4.86

D Expenditure on Capital Formation - - - -

5.00.00.0 Gross fixed capital formation 12 29.65 30.53 31.31 31.39

6.00.00.0

Changes in inventories and

acquisition less disposals of

valuables

- - - -

E. Balance of Payment - - - -

7.01.11.0 Balance of exports and imports 2 -4.65 -5.23 -8.66 -7.04

7.01.11.1 Exports of goods and services 16.65 15.04 14.84 15.82

7.01.11.2 Imports of goods and services 21.30 20.28 23.50 22.85

GDP at Expenditure based 155 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00


71

Table 22. Percentage Change of Final Expenditure at Current Prices


Headings

Percentage Change

2016-17 2017-18 2018-19(p)


1.01.00.0 Food and non-alcoholic beverages 29 13.27 17.60 10.94

1.01.10.0 Food 27 13.27 17.60 10.93

1.01.11.0 Bread and cereals 5 13.28 17.57 10.96

1.01.11.1 Rice 13.28 17.57 10.96

1.01.11.2 Other cereals, flour and other cereal

products 13.34 17.52 11.03

1.01.11.3 Bread 13.49 17.39 11.11

1.01.11.4 Other bakery products 13.36 17.52 11.12

1.01.11.5 Pasta products 13.07 17.70 10.73

1.01.12.0 Meat 5 13.13 18.00 10.27

1.01.12.1 Beef and veal 13.00 18.20 9.90

1.01.12.2 Pork - - -

1.01.12.3 Lamb, mutton and goat 13.47 18.77 9.83

1.01.12.4 Poultry 13.28 17.56 10.96

1.01.12.5 Other meats and meat preparations 13.36 17.49 11.04

1.01.13.0 Fish and seafood 2 13.28 17.61 11.04

1.01.13.1 Fresh, chilled or frozen fish and seafood 13.29 17.61 11.04

1.01.13.2 Preserved or processed fish and seafood 13.18 17.69 11.05

1.01.14.0 Milk, cheese and eggs 4 13.19 17.63 10.88

1.01.14.1 Fresh milk 13.23 17.60 10.90

1.01.14.2 Preserved milk and other milk products 13.09 17.70 10.80

1.01.14.3 Cheese 13.04 17.72 10.75

1.01.14.4 Eggs and egg-based products 13.18 17.64 10.90

1.01.15.0 Oils and fats 2 13.43 17.45 11.10

1.01.15.1 Butter and margarine 13.40 17.45 11.05

1.01.15.2 Other edible oil and fats 13.43 17.45 11.10

1.01.16.0 Fruits 2 13.05 17.71 10.77

1.01.16.1 Fresh or chilled fruit 13.11 17.65 10.76

1.01.16.2 Frozen , preserved or processed fruit and

fruit-based products 13.12 17.63 10.77

1.01.17.0 Vegetables 3 13.31 17.55 11.01

1.01.17.1 Fresh or chilled vegetables other than

potatoes 13.38 17.49 11.06

1.01.17.2 Fresh or chilled potatoes 13.17 17.66 10.91

Contd.

72



Headings

Percentage Change

2016-17 2017-18 2018-19(p)

1.01.17.3 Frozen, preserved or processed vegetables

and vegetable-based products 13.22 17.62 10.94


confectionery 3 13.39 17.48 11.06

1.01.18.1 Sugar 13.48 17.42 11.14

1.01.18.2 Jam, marmalades and honey 13.31 17.53 10.98

1.01.18.3 Chocolate, confectionery and ice cream 12.98 17.77 10.71

1.01.19.0 Food products i.e. 1 13.30 17.55 11.00

1.01.20.0 Non-alcoholic beverage 2 13.51 17.38 11.15

1.01.21.0 Coffee, tea and cocoa 13.33 17.52 11.02

1.01.22.0 Mineral water, soft drinks, fruit and

vegetable juices 14.20 16.84 11.65


narcotics 5 12.41 13.11 13.78

1.02.10.0 Alcoholic beverages 3 - - -

1.02.11.0 Spirits - - -

1.02.12.0 Wine - - -

1.02.13.0 Beer - - -

1.02.20.0 Tobacco 1 12.18 13.46 13.65

1.02.30.0 Narcotics 1 12.14 13.25 13.94

1.03.00.0 Clothing and footwear 5 13.40 17.49 11.11

1.03.10.0 Clothing 3 13.43 17.47 11.13

1.03.11.0 Clothing materials, other articles of

clothing and clothing accessories 13.65 17.31 11.33

1.03.12.0 Garments 13.41 17.49 11.11

1.03.14.0 Cleaning, repair and hire of clothing 13.57 17.35 11.22

1.03.20.0 Footwear 2 13.19 17.64 10.92

1.03.21.0 Shoes and other footwear 13.16 17.68 10.96

1.03.22.0 Repair and hire of footwear 13.30 17.56 11.02

1.04.00.0 Housing, water, electricity, gas and

other fuels 7 13.38 17.52 11.07

1.04.10.0 Actual and imputed rentals for housing 1 13.44 17.56 11.11

1.04.30.0 Maintenance and repair of the dwelling 1 13.20 17.63 10.92

1.04.40.0 Water supply and miscellaneous services

relating to the dwelling 2 13.41 17.50 11.20

1.04.41.0 Water supply 13.43 17.50 11.27

Contd.

73



Headings

Percentage Change

2016-17 2017-18 2018-19(p)

1.04.42.0 Miscellaneous services relating to the

dwelling 13.36 17.49 11.03

1.04.50.0 Electricity, gas and other fuels 3 13.36 17.44 11.05

1.04.51.0 Electricity 13.41 17.08 11.10

1.04.52.0 Gas 13.53 17.37 11.18

1.04.53.0 Other fuels 13.34 17.53 11.03

1.05.00.0 Furnishings, household equipment and

routine household maintenance 13 13.37 17.51 11.09

1.05.10.0 Furniture and furnishings, carpets and

other floor coverings 3 13.76 17.23 11.43

1.05.11.0 Furniture and furnishings 13.77 17.22 11.44

1.05.12.0 Carpets and other floor coverings 13.85 17.14 11.43

1.05.13.0 Repair of furniture, furnishings and floor

coverings 13.28 17.56 10.97

1.05.20.0 Household textiles 1 13.29 17.58 11.04

1.05.30.0 Household appliances 3 13.37 17.52 11.16

1.05.31.0 Major household appliances whether

electricity or not 13.38 17.52 11.22

1.05.32.0 Small electricity household appliances 13.28 17.57 10.98

1.05.33.0 Repair of household appliances 13.54 17.39 11.21

1.05.40.0 Glassware, tableware and household

utensils 1 13.28 17.56 10.97

1.05.50.0 Tools and equipment for house and garden 2 14.22 16.86 11.72

1.05.51.0 Major tools and equipment 13.21 17.62 10.94

1.05.52.0 Small tools and miscellaneous accessories 13.82 17.17 11.44

1.05.60.0 Goods and services for routine household

maintenance 3 13.25 17.60 10.98

1.05.61.0 Non-durable household goods 13.24 17.60 10.96

1.05.62.0 Domestic services and household services 13.26 17.61 11.00

1.05.62.1 Domestic services 13.18 17.66 10.95

1.05.62.2 Household services 13.24 17.61 10.97

1.06.00.0 Health 7 13.15 19.20 10.93


equipment 3 12.56 20.17 10.69

1.06.11.0 Pharmaceutical products 12.52 20.24 10.66

Contd.

74



Headings

Percentage Change

2016-17 2017-18 2018-19(p)

1.06.12.0 Other medical products 14.22 16.86 11.72

1.06.13.0 Therapeutic appliances and equipment 13.58 17.33 11.21

1.06.20.0 Out-patient services 3 14.67 16.84 11.20

1.06.21.0 Medical services 14.85 16.86 11.10

1.06.22.0 Dental services 13.86 17.15 11.47

1.06.23.0 Paramedical services 14.33 16.78 11.40

1.06.30.0 Hospital services 1 14.60 16.66 12.33

1.07.00.0 Transport 13 13.33 17.68 10.83

1.07.10.0 Purchase of vehicles 4 13.19 17.57 10.63

1.07.11.0 Motor cars 13.56 17.32 10.74

1.07.12.0 Motor cycles 13.03 17.64 10.57

1.07.13.0 Bicycles 12.94 17.76 10.60

1.07.14.0 Animal drawn vehicles 12.84 17.81 10.46

1.07.20.0 Operation of personal transport equipment 3 13.01 17.75 10.78

1.07.22.0 Fuels and lubricants for personal transport

equipment 13.07 17.69 10.78


transport equipment 12.98 17.79 10.77

1.07.24.0 Other services in respect of personal

transport equipment 12.97 17.81 10.79

1.07.30.0 Transport services 6 13.43 17.70 10.89

1.07.31.0 Passenger transport by railway 14.65 16.50 12.06

1.07.32.0 Passenger transport by road 13.45 17.74 10.82

1.07.33.0 Passenger transport by air 13.83 17.14 11.52

1.07.34.0 Passenger transport by sea and inland

waterway 13.37 17.56 11.38

1.07.35.0 Combined passenger transport - - -

1.07.36.0 Other purchased transport services 13.25 17.61 10.98

1.08.00.0 Communication 3 13.90 17.88 10.84

1.08.10.0 Postal services 13.07 17.72 10.45

1.08.20.0 Telephone and telefax equipment 13.76 17.22 11.46

1.08.20.0 Telephone and telefax services 14.05 17.99 10.83

1.09.00.0 Recreation and Culture 13 13.18 17.66 10.97


information processing equipment 3 13.18 17.67 10.97

Contd.

75



Headings

Percentage Change

2016-17 2017-18 2018-19(p)


information processing equipment 13.18 17.66 10.99

1.09.14.0 Recording media 13.17 17.68 10.94

1.09.15.0 Repair of audio-visual, photographic and

information processing equipment 13.22 17.63 10.99

1.09.20.0 Other major durables for recreation and

culture 2 13.13 17.68 10.86

1.09.21.0 Major durable for outdoor and indoor

recreation 13.14 17.67 10.86

1.09.23.0 Maintenance and repair of other major

durables for recreation and culture 13.12 17.69 10.86

1.09.30.0 Other recreational items and equipment,

gardens and pets 3 13.23 17.62 10.96

1.09.31.0 Other recreational items and equipment 13.25 17.60 10.97

1.09.33.0 Gardens and pets 13.06 17.74 10.82

1.09.35.0 Veterinary and other services for pets - - -

1.09.40.0 Recreation and cultural services 3 13.11 17.72 10.88

1.09.41.0 Recreational and sporting services 13.07 17.74 10.84

1.09.42.0 Cultural services 13.16 17.69 10.92

1.09.43.0 Games of chance - - -

1.09.50.0 Newspapers, books and stationery 1 13.34 17.55 11.08

1.09.60.0 Package holidays 1 13.25 17.61 10.98

1.10.00.0 Education 1 13.83 17.80 10.89

1.11.00.0 Restaurants and hotels 2 13.47 17.77 10.89

1.11.10.0 Catering services 13.43 17.48 11.07

1.11.20.0 Accommodation services 13.62 19.02 10.15

1.12.00.0 Miscellaneous goods and services 10 13.19 17.65 10.96

1.12.10.0 Personal care 2 13.17 17.68 10.96

1.12.11.0 Hairdressing salon and personal grooming

establishments 12.82 17.96 10.83

1.12.12 Appliances, articles and products for

personal care 13.24 17.62 10.98

1.12.20.0 Prostitution 1 - - -

1.12.30.0 Personal effects n.e.c 2 13.20 17.65 10.95

1.12.31.0 Jewellery, clock and watch 13.20 17.65 10.95

1.12.32.0 Other personal effects 13.23 17.63 10.98

1.12.40.0 Social protection 1 - - -

Contd.

76



Headings

Percentage Change

2016-17 2017-18 2018-19(p)

1.12.50.0 Insurance 1 13.30 17.57 11.07

1.12.60.0 Financial services n.e.c 2 - - -

1.12.61.0 FISIM - - -

1.12.62.0 Other financial services i.e. - - -

1.12.70.0 Other services i.e. 1 13.23 17.63 10.99

1.13.00.0 Net purchases abroad 2 - - -

1.13.11.1 Purchases by residential households in the

rest of the world - - -

1.13.11.2 Purchases by non-residential households in

the economic territory of the country - - -

Total 110 13.31 17.55 11.02

B. NPISHs Consumption - - -

2.00.00.0 Individual consumption expenditure by

NPISHs 1 11.09 11.44 12.50

C. Government Consumption 16.02 20.76 11.68

3.00.00.0 Individual consumption expenditure by

Government 21 -15.80 23.11 13.82

4.00.00.0 Collective consumption expenditure by

Government 5 29.47 20.11 11.08

D Expenditure on Capital Formation - - -

5.00.00.0 Gross fixed capital formation 12 17.32 16.61 13.88

6.00.00.0 Changes in inventories and acquisition

less disposals of valuables - - -

E. Balance of Payment - - -

7.01.11.0 Balance of exports and imports 2 28.15 88.17 -7.72

7.01.11.1 Exports of goods and services 2.97 12.12 21.11

7.01.11.2 Imports of goods and services 8.47 31.75 10.48

GDP at Expenditure based 155 13.94 13.68 13.60


77

44 Explanatory Notes

Concepts and data sources used in compiling GDP estimates

1. GDP is an aggregate measure of the total value of gross output produced within the

economic territory of a country in a specified period, before deducting allowance for

consumption of fixed capital (CFC) or depreciation. GDP is measured by using three

different approaches.

2. Provisional GDP estimates for Bangladesh are compiled using both “production” and

“expenditure” approaches. Data sources used for “production” approach include crops

statistics, extrapolation based on inter-census growth rate of population and agriculture

censuses, current industrial production survey, government budgets, other administrative

records, external trade statistics, etc.

3. Under “Production” approach/method, GDP is measured as the total value added (value

of output minus intermediate consumption) arising from production of all goods and

services sectors of the economy. It is the sum of value added of all industrial sectors.

4. For “Expenditure” approaches data sources include HIES (Household Income

Expenditure Survey), external trade statistics, balance of payment statistics, government

accounts and related data from non-government organisations.

5. Under “Income” approach GDP can be measured as the sum of incomes paid out to the

employees by the producers known as Compensation of Employees (CE), Mixed Income

(MI) of the self-employed persons and Operating Surplus (OS) of the producers and the

Consumption of the Fixed Capital (CFC). The sum of all elements covering payments to

the factors of production is also equal to gross value added at basic prices. If Indirect

Taxes (IT) less subsidies on production and products are added, it would be equivalent to

GDP in market prices. For lack of required data, BBS could not compile GDP by using

this approach.

6. Inflation is a sustained increase in the general price level of goods and services in an

economy over a period of time.

Publication schedule of production and expenditure based GDP estimates

7. “Production” and “Expenditure” based “Provisional Estimate of Annual GDP” are

released with a time lag of about nine months after the reference year (i.e. in April / May

of the current financial year). This is the 21st such publication of BBS. Annual GDP

estimates along with other national accounts aggregates are also published in the Monthly

Statistical Bulletin and other publications of BBS.

78

8. The final estimates are based on confirmed data and released within eight to nine months

after the end of the financial year. The GDP estimates of Bangladesh are published as

follows:

i) Provisional GDP Estimates : Data mainly upto December of the fiscal year to be

used for estimation and publication by April-May

of the fiscal year.

ii) Final GDP Estimates : By April-May of the following fiscal year.

Qualification of data and caveats on the use of provisional GDP estimates

GDP estimates by Production Approach:

9. Provisional GDP estimates based on production approach are subject to a number of

qualifications due to non-availability of the required data. These qualifications are:

1. Agriculture and Forestry

a. Crops and horticulture Generally actual production figures of aus and jute are

used. For other major crops (aman, boro and wheat)

projected production figures are used. Estimates made by

the Ministry of Agriculture and Sample Crop Cutting by

BBS are used to validate the estimates. Minor crops are

imputed at last year’s levels and validated as and when

necessary with the production estimates available from the

most recent Household Income Expenditure Survey

(HIES).

b. Animal farming Extrapolated on the basis of inter-census growth rate

obtained from Census of Agriculture, 1983-84, Census of

Agriculture, 1996 and 2008.

c. Forest and related services Outputs projected on the basis of earlier years.

2. Fishing Based on estimates/projection provided by DOF and

validated on the basis of the most recent HIES 2010 data.

3. Mining and Quarrying Administrative data of BCIC and Petrobangla are used for

estimating most of the outputs.

4. Manufacturing Actual growth plus extrapolation based on QIIP for

medium and large industries and also QIIP for small

industries are taken into consideration.

5. Power, Gas, Water Based on targets, modified by actual production data up to

December for gas and electricity of the fiscal year.

6. Construction Based on the trend of imports of major construction inputs

and domestic production data of related industries till

December of the fiscal year.

7. Wholesale and Retail Trade Growth rate reflecting trends of imports, agricultural and

industrial production.

79

8. Hotels and Restaurants Extrapolated on the basis of Report on Integrated Annual

Survey of Non-farm Economic Activities.


Communication

Imputation of last year’s figure and selective use of

administrative data available up to December of the fiscal

year. Also the budgetary data of government transport and

communication agencies of the fiscal year are utilized.

10. Public Administration and

Defence

Based on national budget allocations for the fiscal year.

11. Financial Intermediations Projections based on last year data, bank deposit and credit

up to December 2018.


Business Activities

Projections based on inter-census growth rate: Population

Census, Labour Force Surveys, Household Income and

Expenditure Survey (HIES) and estimates of housing stock

and rental income.

13. Health and Social Work Based on national budget allocations for FY2018-19 for

public sub-sector estimates. Projection and extrapolation

growth rates of the major components for private sub-

sector estimates.

14. Education Based on national budget allocations for the public sector.

Projection and extrapolation of growth rates for private

sub-sector.


Personal Services

Projection and extrapolation growth rates of major

components.

Provisional estimates provide trends of economic performance. Provisional GDP

estimates are usually subject to revisions because of subsequent data changes.

Expenditure based GDP estimates

Expenditure based provisional GDP estimates are relatively imprecise in nature because of

weakness in the data base used in calculation. The estimates are also subject to limitations of

the methodologies used in estimating the components. The external trade statistics of the last

quarter of the year usually show higher trends and may not follow the previous year’s pattern.

Uncertainties in the actual expenditures during first quarter are likely to affect the volume of

public sector investments. The basis of extrapolation of the private consumption expenditures

and investments is also fragile. Owing to data limitations, no account is taken of the overall

stock changes. Consumption of NPISH and acquisition net of disposal of valuables are assumed

to be included in private consumption.

80

The provisional GDP estimates by expenditure category are compiled on the basis of the

following data sources:

1. General Government Final Consumption Expenditure: Based on national budget

allocation, government final consumption is extrapolated.

2. Private Final Consumption Expenditure: Extrapolation is done based on recent HIES

2010 data and also residual method is adopted for reconciliation.

3. Gross Fixed Capital Formation: Import of capital goods and domestic production of

materials for capital goods like construction input upto December of the fiscal year is

used.

4. Net Exports: Based on Balance of Payment (BOP) data and actual trends of imports and

exports up to December of the fiscal year.

81

Annex - II

Statistical Annex Tables

83

Table 1. Production of Major Agricultural Crops

(Lac metric ton)

Crops 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19(p)

Cereals

Aus 23.28 22.88 21.34 27.09 27.57

Aman 131.90 134.83 136.56 139.93 140.19

Boro 191.92 189.37 180.14 195.75 194.65

Wheat 13.47 13.48 13.11 13.01 13.01

Maize 22.71 24.45 27.58 32.72 34.31

Total 383.28 385.01 378.73 408.56 409.73

Other crops

Tobacco and Beverage 5.27 5.19 6.60 5.70 5.70

Jute (Lac bales) 75.01 75.58 82.46 88.94 100.23

Fruits 45.88 47.04 47.61 47.77 47.77

Oilseeds 9.34 9.31 9.36 7.93 7.93

Pulses 3.78 3.78 3.79 3.87 3.87

Spices 21.79 24.69 24.70 26.55 26.55

Sugarcane 49.87 47.35 43.85 43.74 43.85

Vegetables 130.27 131.36 141.80 143.22 143.77

a. Potato 92.54 94.74 102.16 103.20 103.75

b. Other Vegetables 37.72 36.61 39.64 40.02 40.02

Others 2.47 2.52 2.51 2.52 2.52


Table 2. Production of Fish (adjusted)

(Lac metric ton)

Crops 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-9(p)

Inland 28.95 30.18 31.86 33.53 35.72 38.06

Marine 6.48 6.84 6.92 6.97 7.04 7.17

Total 35.43 37.02 38.78 40.51 42.77 45.23


Source: Department of Fisheries (DOF) and Household Expenditure Survey, BBS

84

Table 3. Quantum Index of Industrial Production (Large and Medium Scale

Manufacturing Industry) (Base: 2005-06 = 100)

Month 2016-17 2017-18 Growth rate

(point to point) 2018-19(p)

Growth rate

(point to point)

July 255.52 323.71 26.69 401.95 24.17

August 311.50 363.22 21.15 390.44 15.35

September 249.86 270.88 17.25 346.35 18.89

October 273.14 327.04 17.87 383.70 18.49

November 285.91 345.75 18.51 402.49 18.05

December* 313.58 358.82 17.75

January* 319.19 361.63 17.04

February* 294.56 343.48 16.99

March* 308.26 349.85 16.57

April* 307.55 351.08 16.32

May* 327.32 373.80 16.11

June* 328.23 340.32 14.97

Yearly 297.89 342.47 14.96 Source: Current Industrial Production Section, BBS

Note: p denote provisional estimates, * QIIP, December-June 2018-19 yet to be release

Table 4. Domestic Production of Natural Gas, Electricity and Fertilizer

Period Gas (106 cu meter) 1 Electricity (106 kWh) 2 Fertilizer (M.T) 3

2007-08 17,014 24,953 1,581,683

2008-09 18,511 26,533 1,347,366

2009-10 19,919 29,246 1,170,119

2010-11 20,075 31,355 1,013,537

2011-12 21,056 35,117 1,047,214

2012-13 22,670 38,229 1,074,791

2013-14 23,232 38,040 976,691

2014-15 25,263 40,358 1,028,157

2015-16 27,559 46,371 1,010,446

2016-17 27,445 50,691 1,220,890

2017-18 27,430 56,014 859,353

Month Gas (106 cu meter) 1 Electricity (106 KWh) 2 Fertilizer (M.T) 3

2017-18 2018-19(p) 2017-18 2018-19(p) 2017-18 2018-19(p)

July 2377 2392 5,019 6,029 56548 27395

August 2380 2323 5,282 5,929 71392 28643

September 2172 2321 4,917 5,934 99485 82036

October 2347 4,901 5,185 95216 136444

November 2270 4,022 4,225 133251 74981

December 2322 3,813 3,911 113315

January 2347 3,911 99236

February 2113 3,838 47825

March* 2341 5,067 76839

April* 2263 4,841 46464

May* 2331 5,026 9282

June* 2168 4,747 10500

Source: 1 Petrobangla 2 Power Development Board, REB & DESA

3 MIS Report, Bangladesh Chemicals Industries Corporation p denote provisional,

85

Table 5. Deposit and Credit Disbursement

(Billion Tk.)

Financial Year Demand Deposit Time Deposit Domestic Credit

2002-03 128.28 872.51 1106.49

2003-04 146.13 992.74 1267.86

2004-05 168.50 1160.42 1488.37

2005-06 197.40 1380.22 1784.12

2006-07 234.63 1613.36 2041.61

2007-08 265.18 1894.81 2470.49

2009-10 302.37 2300.73 2868.55

2009-10 416.22 2750.43 3378.27

2010-11 481.06 3374.19 4308.93

2011-12 510.60 4073.88 5149.73

2012-13 557.37 4799.02 5717.37

2013-14 643.44 5589.78 6379.06

2014-15 723.84 6268.00 7015.26

2015-16 897.59 7039.47 8012.80

2016-17 1018.86 7759.98 8906.71

2017-18 1132.17 8550.87 10216.27

2018-19 (Jul-Jan) 1061.92 9029.47 10868.36

Source: Economic Trend, Bangladesh Bank, March 2019

Table 6. GDP Growth Rate and Per Capita Income of SAARC Countries

Countries GDP growth rate Per capita income US$

2015 2016 2017 2015 2016 2017

Afghanistan 1.45 2.26 2.67 610 570 560

Bangladesh 6.55 7.11 7.28 1190 1330 1470

Bhutan 6.64 8.02 4.63 2400 2520 2660

India 8.15 7.11 6.68 1600 1680 1800

Sri Lanka 5.01 4.47 3.31 3760 3790 3850

Maldives 2.88 7.29 6.91 8310 9050 9760

Nepal 3.32 0.59 7.91 740 730 800

Pakistan 4.73 5.53 5.70 1430 1500 1580

Source: World Development Indicators database.

86

Table 7. Export of Selected Items (Crore Tk.)

Item 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19

(Jul-Jan)

Raw Jute 948 856 1,257 1,381 1,161 605

Jute goods (including Carpet) 5,315 5,351 5,700 6,117 6,275 3,114

Tea 17 33 15 30 21 12

Leather 3,759 3,081 2,133 1,463 1,282 692

Fish & Shrimp 4,098 3,988 3,003 3,681 4,089 2,305

Readymade Garments (including

Knit Wear & Hosiery) 146,626 156,045 163,120 166,762 185,413 122,009

Naphtha Furnace oil & Bitumen 134 291 101 130 72 99

News Print 13 19

Fertilizers - - 0 44 - -

Others (Including EPZ) 52,477 56,841 61,473 60,048 68,852 42,930

Total Exports 213,374 226,486 236,802 239,656 267,178 171,785

Source: Economic Trend, Bangladesh Bank

Table 8. Import of Selected Items (Crore Tk.)

Year 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19

(Jul-Jan)

Rice 2,701 4,310 931 604 14,319 752

Wheat 8,685 7,915 7,159 8,157 10,065 5,584

Total (food) 11,386 12,224 8,091 8,761 24,384 6,336

Milk & Dairy Products 2,249 2,409 1,766 1,999 2,371 1,572

Spices 1,423 1,668 1,598 2,051 2,362 1,474

Oil seeds 3,952 2,745 4,083 3,274 4,176 2,645

Edible Oil 13,686 12,223 10,409 11,838 14,448 8,406

Pulses all Sorts 3,536 3,057 3,625 4,669 3,349 1,454

Sugar 7,014 5,770 5,171 6,648 7,766 3,163

Clinker 4,812 4,632 3,467 3,764 4,264 3,170

Crude Petroleum 7,218 6,629 2,985 4,222 4,578 4,170

Petroleum Products 31,628 26,175 17,827 21,980 34,123 27,194

Chemicals 11,644 12,192 13,215 14,793 17,548 11,070

Pharmaceutical Products 931 875 938 1,160 1,252 720

Fertilizers 7,977 9,647 8,170 5,742 7,142 6,006

Dyeing & Tanning Materials 4,185 4,312 4,272 4,437 5,078 3,601

Plastic and Rubber Articles 13,937 14,333 14,233 15,330 17,773 11,511

Cotton 18,850 17,672 16,844 20,703 24,250 14,416

Yarn 11,705 12,377 12,885 13,181 15,664 10,878

Textile and articles thereof 27,853 28,569 32,259 32,747 37,509 25,101

Staple fibers 3,833 4,078 4,713 4,837 5,682 4,024

Iron & Steel 20,654 22,909 21,925 25,855 31,459 20,091

Capital Machinery 18,122 20,294 23,920 28,626 37,712 26,647

Others (Including EPZ) 89,977 90,395 101,483 107,961 132,151 82,288

Total (non food) 305,186 302,961 305,788 335,816 410,657 269,598

Total Imports 316,572 315,185 313,879 344,577 435,041 275,934

Source: Economic Trend, Bangladesh Bank

Table 9. Annual Development Programme by Sectors (Million Tk.)

Economic Sector 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18

1.Agriculture 35,118 41,577 44,101 57,416 60,060

2.Rural Development & Institutions (including

FFW) 69,772 78,401 90,461 107,614 131,548

3.Water Resources 18,894 20,359 26,095 33,421 40,350

4.Industries 27,271 18,638 17,114 9,741 20,250

5.Power 80,661 82,237 154,782 134,476 188,588

6.Oil, Gas and Natural Resources 19,127 10,712 10,682 10,679 21,113

7.Transport 102,951 173,619 192,121 273,602 410,535

8.Communication 7,867 10,036 14,348 19,158 16,554

9.Physical Planning, Water Supply & Housing 53,834 71,943 110,924 143,912 149,497

10.Education & Religious Affairs 79,947 90,267 101,017 128,460 166,733

11.Sports & Culture 2,659 1,669 2,610 3,142 4,268

12.Health, Population & Family Welfare 42,198 50,416 55,565 56,553 102,014

13.Mass Media 1,119 1,100 1,180 1,760 5,242

14.Social Welfare, Women Affairs &Youth Dev 4,513 4,090 4,245 3,472 5,526

15.Public Administration 13,713 17,034 23,274 23,446 27,266

16.Science & Technology 15,590 46,288 18,084 54,720 144,503

17.Labour & Employment 3,544 5,111 4,213 4,508 5,807

18.Block/Others* 21,223 26,504 39,185 40,921 33,458

Total 600,000 750,000 910,000 1,107,000 1,533,313

Source: IMED, Ministry of Planning, Programming Division, Planning Commission, RADP of different years.

Table 10. Monetary and Banking Statistics (Million Tk.)

Items 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

(Jul-Jan)

Currency outside Banks 675529 769084 879408 1220745 1375318 1409175 1446817

Demand Deposits 557365 643443 728734 897591 1018852 1132171 1061918

Money Supply M1 1,236,031 1416451 1608142 2124307 2400785 2548937 2516101

Time Deposits 4,799,023 5589784 6267999 7039472 7759976 8550873 9029477

Money Supply M2 6,035,054 7006235 7876141 9163779 10160761 11099810 11545578

Post Office Deposits 522 - - - - - -

Monetary asset 6,035,576 - - - - - -

Source: Economic Trend, Bangladesh Bank, March 2019

Related Publications on National Accounts Statistics

1. Brochure on National Accounts of Bangladesh, January 1995

2. Institutional sector accounts of Bangladesh for 1995- 96, (Draft), January 1999

3. Bangladesh, National Accounts Statistics: Sources and Methods (revised Estimates from

1995-96 to 2013-14 with base year 2005-06), August 2014

4. Preliminary Estimates of Gross Domestic Product May 1997

5. Preliminary Estimates of Gross Domestic Product 1998-99 and Final Estimates of Gross

Domestic Product, 1997-98

6. Preliminary Estimates of Gross Domestic Product, 1999-2000 and Final Estimates of Gross

Domestic Product, 1998-99

7. National Accounts Statistics (Gross Domestic Product, 2000-2001)

8. National Accounts Statistics (Preliminary Estimates of GDP, 2001-2002)

9. National Accounts Statistics (Preliminary Estimates of GDP, 2017-18 and Final Estimates

of GDP, 2016-17)

10. National Accounts Statistics (Provisional Estimates of GDP, 2015-16 and Final Estimates

of GDP, 2014-15)


of GDP, 2013-14)


of GDP, 2012-13)

13. Estimates of Investment: Methods and Data Sources, May 2002

14. Proceeding of the Workshop-cum-Expert Consultation on National Accounts Compilation

of Bangladesh, January 1994.

15. Report of the National Income Commission, 1990

16. Report of the Task Force on the Review of National Accounts of BBS, June 1996

17. Sources and Methods of Indices (National Accounts Deflators), May 1997

18. System of National Accounts, 2008 (UN Publication)

19. Twenty Years of National Accounting of Bangladesh (1972-92), July 1993

20. Provisional Estimates of Gross Regional Product 1995-96 to 1999-2000

Available for sale at:

1. BBS Publication Section,

Parishankhan Bhaban (Ground Floor)

E-27/A, Agargaon, Dhaka-1207

Phone: 91133383, 9137775, 9138636-7, 9133383-5, ext. 1010

2. BBS Sales Centre, Ansari Building (1st Floor)

14/2, Topkhana Road, Dhaka-1000

National Accounts data are also available in BBS website: http://www.bbs.gov.bd

Officials Involved in Preparation of the Report

1. Mr. Ziauddin Ahmed, Director (Additional Charge), National Accounting Wing, BBS

2. Mr. Md. Mahbubur Rahman, Deputy Director, National Accounting Wing, BBS

3. Mr. Abdul Khaleque, Deputy Director, National Accounting Wing, BBS

4. Mr. Tufail Ahmed, Deputy Director, National Accounting Wing, BBS

5. Mr. Mohammed Shafiqual Islam, Deputy Director, National Accounting Wing, BBS

6. Mr. Md. Nazmul Hoque, Deputy Director, National Accounting Wing, BBS

7. Ms. Israt Jahan Nasrin, Deputy Director, National Accounting Wing, BBS

8. Mr. Mohammed Eunus, Statistical Officer, National Accounting Wing,

9. BBS Mr. Swajan Haider, Statistical Officer, National Accounting Wing, BBS

10 Ms. Nayma Rahman, Statistical Officer, National Accounting Wing, BBS

www.bbs.gov.bd

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