70

1894

Olympism

3,200 1

3,000

Olympic Movement

ideology 2

1 Müller, “Editor’s Remarks,” p. 20. 2 Loland, “Pierre de Coubertin’s Ideology of Olympism from the Perspective of the History of Ideas,”

p. 26.

71

the state of

mind a philosophy of life

spiritual attitude 3

4

1935

The Philosophic Foundation of the Modern Olympism

5

3 Pierre de Coubertin,

“Olympism as a Spiritual Attitude,” in Norbert Müller ed., Olympism (Lausanne: International

Olympic Committee, 2000), p. 531; “Olympic Letter IV: Olympism as a State of Mind,” in Norbert

Müller ed., Olympism (Lausanne: International Olympic Committee, 2000), p. 548. “Lettre

Olympique IV,” in La Gazette de Lausanne, no. 319 [November, 1918], p. 1. ; Olympic

Charter, p. 9. 4 de Coubertin (1929), “Olympia,” p. 563. 5

Pierre de Coubertin, “The

Philosophic Foundation of Modern Olympism,” in Norbert Müller ed., Olympism (Lausanne:

International Olympic Committee, 2000), pp. 580-583. ( “Les assises philosophiques de

l’Olympisme moderne,” in Le Sport Suisse, Vol. 31 [August, 1935], p. 1.)

72 1863-1937

80

90

6

Comte de Madre

7

8

6 1888

1892 Young, The Modern Olympics, pp. 68-81. 7 Comte de Madre, “An Intimate Look at the Baron Pierre de Coubertin,” Olympic Review, no. 47

(August, 1971), pp. 412-421. 8

MacAloon, This Great Symbol, pp. 127-128.

73

11

1875 12

Rugby

Tom Brown’s School Days

Académie française 1878-1893

Notes

sur l'Angleterre

ethnography

1871

9

Harrow

Eton

gentleman

9 1883 1885

École libre des sciences politiques

MacAloon, This Great Symbol, p.

45 1972 Georges Rioux

74 1863-1937

10

11

Grant Tour 12

1850

Pierre

Guillaume Frédéric le Play, 1806-1882 François Guizot, 1787-1874

13

10

MacAloon, This Great Symbol, pp. 50-52; Rioux,

“Pierre de Coubertin’s Revelation,” pp. 23-31. 11 MacAloon, This Great Symbol, pp. 40-43. 12 1875-1914 295

2006 13 MacAloon, This Great Symbol, pp. 45-46.

75

ál’ imitation de l’ Angleterre

14

1883

15

1888

L’éducation en Anglettere

1812-1842

16

14 C. W. Crawley

1793-1830 9 1999

55 15

de Madre, “An Intimate Look at the Baron Pierre de

Coubertin,” pp. 412-421. 16 John Lucas, “Baron de Coubertin and Thomas Arnold,” Bulletin du Comité International Olympique,

no. 98-99 (May-August, 1967), p. 59.

76 1863-1937

17

sporting pedagogy Arnoldian System

18

1883

19

1880

17 Lucas, “Victorian Muscular Christianity Prologue to the Olympic Games Philosophy II,” p. 50. 18 MacAloon, This Great Symbol, p. 53 anglophilia

1883 1896

1886

1888 1890

Don Anthony, “Coubertin, Britain and the British: a Chronology,”

Journal of Olympic History, 5:3(1997), pp. 18-21

1853 1863 19 1884

Faculté de Droit

1885

MacAloon, This Great Symbol, p. 67.

77

École

Polytechinique École des mines

1855 1867

1867-1870

20

21 1883

1871

Unions de la paix sociale 1886 1856

Société d'economie sociale

La Réforme Sociale

20 MacAloon, This Great Symbol, pp. 83-87

http://wordpedia.eb.com/tbol/article?i=104334&db=big5&q=le+play

2006 8 8 21 8

78 1863-1937

1875-1896

1848 1869 1876 1877 22

1871 (Adolphe Thiers, 1797-1877)

1877

5

22 MacAloon, This Great Symbol, p. 97

http://wordpedia.eb.com/tbol/article?i=069150&db=big5&q=Jules+Simon 2006 8

8

79

licencié docteur

man 15

play

athletic games

—— liberty

joy 23

24

1888

Comite pour la Propagation des Exercises

Physiques

Père Henri-Martin

23 MacAloon, This Great Symbol, pp. 97-98. 24 Pierre de Coubertin, “Education in

England: Introduction,” in Norbert Müller ed., Olympism (Lausanne: International Olympic

Committee, 2000), pp. 51-59. ( “Introduction,” in L’Éducation en Angleterre [Paris: Librairie

Hachette, 1888], pp. 1-23.)

80 1863-1937

Didon, 1844-1900 L’ Arceuil

25 1889

Theodore Roosevelt, 1858-1919 William Milligan

Sloane, 1850-1928 26 1890

Georges de Saint-Clair

1890-1895

27

1888

1883

28 1889

L’éducation anglaise en France

1890

Universités transatlantiques

25 “Comité Jules Simon”

1896 94 de Madre, “An Intimate Look at the Baron

Pierre de Coubertin,” pp. 412-421 MacAloon, This Great Symbol, pp. 102-103. 26 1904

11-12

1896 95-97 27 U.S.F.S.A. MacAloon, This Great Symbol, pp. 157-158 91 28 de Coubertin (1888), “Education in England: Introduction,” p. 53.

81

1880

1890

National Schools

15

29

1925

63

1896-1925

Union Pédagogique Universelle, U.P.U

Bureau International de Pédagogie Sportive, B.I.P.S.

30

30

29 Young, The Modern Olympics, pp. 76-77. 30 Müller, Olympism, p. 555.

82 1863-1937

31

32

moralist

33

31 Müller, “Coubertin’s Olympism,” p. 33. 32 73-76

“And his knowledge

of ancient Greece was always superficial, at best.” Young, The Modern Olympics, p. 86. 33 MacAloon, This Great Symbol, p. 81.

83

34

35

young adult male

36

34 Durantez, “Olympism,” p. 373. 35

36 de Coubertin (1935), “The Philosophic Foundation of Modern Olympism,” p. 582.

84 1863-1937

Kronos

37

38

37 de Coubertin (1892), “Physical Exercises in the Modern World,” p. 295. “love difficult things

simply because they are difficult.” 38 1896 92

85

1890

1912

Ode de Sport

800

39

39 146-149

86 1863-1937

40

41

42

43

philosophical

foundation

40 1896 92 41 Pierre de Coubertin (1887), “English Education,” in Norbert Müller ed., Olympism (Lausanne:

International Olympic Committee, 2000), p. 108. 42 de Coubertin (1892), “Physical Exercise in the Modern World,” pp. 292-293. 43 1889 MacAloon, This Great

Symbol, pp. 118-119.

87

44

45

1908

46 1920

Victor Boin, 1886-1974

47

44 Pierre de Coubertin, “The Neo-Olympism. Appeal to the People of Athens,” in Norbert Müller ed.,

Olympism (Lausanne: International Olympic Committee, 2000), p.537. l“Le Néo-olympisme. Appel

à l’ opinion athénienne,” in Le Messager d’Athens [Athens, 1894]. 45 de Coubertin (1935), “The Philosophic Foundation of Modern Olympism,” p. 580. 46 Pierre de Coubertin, “Why I Revived The Olympic Games,” in Norbert Müller ed., Olympism

(Lausanne: International Olympic Committee, 2000), p. 545. ( “Why I Revived The Olympic

Games,” in Fortnightly Review, Vol. LXXXIV [July, 1908], pp.110-115.) 47 2005 41 1972

88 1863-1937

48

49

citizens

50

51

100

48 de Coubertin (1908), “Why I Revived The Olympic Games,” pp. 543-544. 49 de Coubertin (1908), “Why I Revived The Olympic Games,” p. 542. 50 Pierre de Coubertin, “Speech Given at the Opening of the Olympic Congresses at the City Hall of

Prague, May, 29, 1925,” in Norbert Müller ed., Olympism (Lausanne: International Olympic

Committee, 2000), p. 556. 51 Durantez, “Olympism,” p. 376.

89

50 20 20

5

egalitarian

52

53

Citius, Fortius, Altius)

54

1889

52 de Coubertin (1935), “The Philosophic Foundation of Modern Olympism,” pp.

580-581.

53 de Coubertin (1935), “The Philosophic Foundation of Modern Olympism,” p. 581. 54 de Coubertin (1894), “The Neo-Olympism. Appeal to the People of Athens,” p. 539.

90 1863-1937

55 Une Camppagne

de vingt-et-un ans

technical nature 56

1908

Ethelbert Talbot St. Paul’s Cathedral

57

58

55 “This whole approach is not education, it is animal husbandry!” Pierre de Coubertin,

“La Nouvelle-Angleterre,” in Norbert Müller ed., Olympism (Lausanne: International Olympic

Committee, 2000), p. 84. ( “La Nouvelle-Angleterre,” in Universités transatlantiques [Paris:

Librairie Hachette, 1890], pp. 84-90.) 56 Pierre de Coubertin, “The Arts, Literature, and Sports,” in Norbert Müller ed., Olympism (Lausanne:

International Olympic Committee, 2000), p. 613. ( “Arts, letters et sports,” in Une Camppagne de

vingt-et-un ans [Paris, Libratire Hachette, 1909], pp. 192-200.) 57 Pierre de Coubertin, “The Trustees of the Olympic Idea,” in Norbert Müller ed., Olympism

(Lausanne: International Olympic Committee, 2000), pp. 587-589. ( “Les trustees de l’idée

olympique,” in Revue Olympique [July, 1908], pp. 108-110.) 58 Pierre de Coubertin, “Olympic letter VII,” in Norbert Müller ed., Olympism (Lausanne: International

Olympic Committee, 2000), pp. 549-550. ( “Lettre olympique VII,” in La Gazette de Lausanne, no.

388 [December 11, 1918], p. 1.)

91

amateur “Amor”

financial gain 59

professionalism

60 disinterestedness

61

spirit of sport

59 Pierre de Coubertin, “The Character of Our Enterprise,” in Norbert Müller ed., Olympism (Lausanne:

International Olympic Committee, 2000), p. 661. ( “Le caractère de notre entreprise,” in Bulletin du

Comitè International des Jeux Olympiques, 1:2 [October, 1894], p. 1.) 60 de Coubertin (1894), “The Neo-Olympism. Appeal to the People of Athens,” p. 535. 61 Durantez, “Olympism,” p. 373.

92 1863-1937

ridiculous English idea

62

63

64

65

1880

1890

62 Durantez, “Olympism,” p. 374. 63 Durantez, “Olympism,” p. 374. 64 de Coubertin (1935), “The Philosophic Foundation of the Modern Olympism,” p. 583. 65 Pierre de Coubertin (1919), “The Twenty-Fifth Anniversary of The Proclamation of the Olympic

Games,” in Norbert Müller ed., Olympism (Lausanne: International Olympic Committee, 2000), p.

552.

93

1908

94 1863-1937

66

sacred

truce

66 1816 The London Peace Society

1849 The Second

General Peace Congress Victor Hugo, 1802-1885

1892 International Peace Bureau

Berne Holand, “Pierre de Coubertin’s Ideology of Olympism from the Perspective

of the History of Ideas,” p. 33.