national identity and internet: a cohort study in hong kong
DESCRIPTION
National Identity and Internet: A Cohort Study in Hong Kong. Heng Lu 1* , Tai- Quan Peng 2 , Jonathan J. H. Zhu 1 1. City University of Hong Kong; 2. Macau University of Science and Technology * Ph.D. Candidate, Web Mining Lab, Department of COM. Conceptualization of National Identity. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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National Identity and Internet: A Cohort Study in Hong Kong
Heng Lu 1*, Tai-Quan Peng 2, Jonathan J. H. Zhu 1
1. City University of Hong Kong;2. Macau University of Science and Technology* Ph.D. Candidate, Web Mining Lab, Department of COM
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Conceptualization of National Identity
• National identity is dynamically constructed
• Collective (vs. individual)
• Affective (vs. informative)
• Changing Context: Globalization; Subnational, national, supranational forms of citizenship (e.g., EU, China, Canada)
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Operationalization of National IdentityLocal vs. National
Local National
Single
Hybrid
Hong Konger Chinese
Chinese first, then Hong Konger
Hong Konger first, then Chinese
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Operationalization of National Identity: Single vs. Hybridized
Local National
Single
Hybrid
Hong Konger Chinese
Chinese first, then Hong Konger
Hong Konger first, then Chinese
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Claims and Propositions
National identity is cohort-dependent
Internet effect is cohort-dependent
Impressionable-year (socialization)
Aging-stability
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Why Hong Kong?
• National identity in Hong Kong has no obvious nationalistic component.
• Internet penetration rate increasing steadily from 40% in 2000 to 69% in 2008.
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Aims of the Current Study
• To describe the cohort trend of national identity in Hong Kong
• To empirically examine the effects of Internet adoption and Internet use on national identity respectively
• To uncover the conditional effect of the generational cohort on the relationship between Internet adoption/use and national identity
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Hypotheses: Main Effects• H1. The younger cohort an individual belongs to, the
more likely he/she will have a hybridized national identity. • H2. Internet users are more likely to have a hybridized
national identity than Internet non-users. • H3a. The more time an individual spends on the Internet,
the more likely he/she will have a hybridized national identity.
• H3b. The more diverse websites an Internet user visits, the more likely he/she will have a hybridized national identity.
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Hypotheses: Moderate Effect
• H4. The effect of Internet adoption on Hong Kong identity is moderated by cohorts.
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Method• Source: HKIP data from 2000 to 2008
(except for 2007). • Survey: Annual telephone surveys • Respondents: HK regular residences
between 18 to 77 years old who speak Chinese (including Mandarin, Cantonese, and other dialectics)
• Analysis: Logistic Regression
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Age Trends with Hybridized NI (within periods)
18-22 23-27 28-32 33-37 38-42 43-47 48-52 53-57 58-62 63-67 68-72 73-770
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
2000 2001 2002 20032004 2005 2006 2008
Age
Hon
g K
onge
rs w
ith H
ybri
dize
d N
atio
nal I
dent
ities
(%)
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Period Trends with Hybridized NI (within cohorts)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 -
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Seniors Baby Boom Generation
Generation X Generation Y
Overall
Period
Hon
g K
onge
rs w
ith H
ybri
dize
d N
atio
nal I
dent
ities
(%)
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Cohort Trends with Hybridized NI (within age)
Seniors Baby Boom Generation Generation X Generation Y0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
23-27 28-32 33-37
38-42 53-57 58-62
Cohort
Hon
g K
onge
rs w
ith H
ybri
dize
d N
atio
nal I
dent
ities
(%)
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Hybridized NI Holders by IA by Cohorts
Users Nonusers0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Seniors
Baby Boom Genera-tion
Generation X
Generation Y
Internet Adoption
Hon
g K
onge
rs w
ith H
ybri
dize
d N
atio
nal I
dent
ities
(%)
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Implications
• Cohort differences in political attitude
• Revival of limited effects: Internet adoption (!) Internet use (?)
• Internet effects are cohort-dependent
• Theorizing national identity
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Appendix 1: Summary statistics for variables used in regression models
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Appendix 2: Logistic Regression Models (1)
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Appendix 3: Logistic Regression Models (2)
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• Thanks for your attention!• Questions, Suggestions and Comments
are welcome!• Contact me (Heng Lu) at