national trade corridor khanewal .. … of pakistan national high\vay authority national trade...

$: NATIONAL TRADE CORRIDOR KHANEWAL .. … OF PAKISTAN NATIONAL HIGH\VAY AUTHORITY NATIONAL TRADE CORRIDOR KHANEWAL .. LODHRAN EXPRESSWAY FINAL EIA REPORT NATIONAL ENGINEERING SERVICES$
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GOVERNMENT OF PAKISTAN

NATIONAL HIGH\VAY AUTHORITY

NATIONAL TRADE CORRIDOR KHANEWAL .. LODHRAN EXPRESSWAY

FINAL EIA REPORT

NATIONAL ENGINEERING SERVICES PAKISTAN (PVT.) LIMITED ENVIRONMENTAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH ENGINEERING DIVISION 1.c, BLOCK-N, MODEL TOWN EXTENSION LAHORE, PAKISTAN

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Table of Contents

Sr. No. Title

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7

General Project Background Purpose and Need of the Project Need for EIA Study of the Proposed Project Objectives of the EIA Study The Proponent and the Consulting Team Structure of the Report

SECTION 2: POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORKS

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1-1 1-1 1-2 1-3 1-4 1-4 1-5

2.1 General 2-1 2.2 Relevant International Obligations/Agreements 2-1 2.2.1 United Nations Agenda 21 2-1 2.2.2 United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) 2-1 2.2.3 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, 1992 2-1 2.2.4 Kyoto Protocol 2-2 2.3 Policy Framework 2-2 2.3.1 National Environment Policy, 2005 2-2 2.3.2 National Resettlement Policy (Draft) 2-2 2.3.3 World Bank Safeguard Policies 2-3 2.4 Legal Framework 2-4 2.4.1 Federal Laws 2-4 2.4.2 Provincial Laws 2-5 2.5 Regulatory Framework 2-5 2.6 Environmental Assessment Guidelines 2-6 2.6.1 Pak-EPA Environmental Assessment Procedures and Guidelines, 2-6

1997 2.6.2 World Bank Environmental Assessment Guidelines 2-7 2.7 Administrative Framework 2-7 2.7.1 NHA 2-7 2.7.2 Environmental Protection Agency, Punjab 2-7 2.7.3 Punjab Forest Department 2-8 2.7.4 Punjab Wildlife Department 2-8 2.7.5 Punjab Revenue Department 2-8 2.7.6 District Environment Offices 2-8 2.7.4 Other Local Government Institutions 2-9 2.7.5 Non-Governmental Organization (NGOs) 2-9

SECTION 3: PROJECT DESCRIPTION

3.1 3.2 3.3

General Objectives of the Proposed Project Location of the Project

3-1 3-1 3-1

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3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.7.1 3.7.2 3.7.3 3.7.4 3.7.5 3.7.6 3.8 3.8.1 3.8.2 3.8.3 3.8.4 3.9 3.10

Title

Right of Way (RoW) Project Implementation Schedule Project Cost Features of the Proposed Alignment Geometric Design Major Structures Minor Structures Construction of Toll Plazas Construction of Rest and Services Areas Construction of Weighbridges Construction Materials Sand, Coarse Aggregate Asphalt Earthworks Water Construction Camps Workforce and Machinery Requirements

SECTION 4: ENVIRON EM ENTAL AND SOCIAL BASELINE

4.1 4.2 4.2.1 4.3 4.3.1 4.3.2 4.3.3 4.3.4 4.3.5 4.3.6 4.3.7 4.3.8 4.4 4.4.1 4.4.2 4.4.3 4.4.4 4.4.5 4.5 4.5.1 4.5.2 4.5.3 4.5.4 4.5.5 4.6 4.7 4.7.1 4.7.2 4.7.3

General Corridor of Impact (Col) Delineating the Col Physical Environment Topography and Geology Meteorology and Climate Air Quality Noise Ground and Surface Water Seismicity Agriculture and Cropping Pattern Industrial and Commercial Activities Ecological Resources Flora Fauna Protected Area Endangered Species Sites of Archaeological and Cultural Heritage Socio-Economic Environment Demographic Profile (based on the 1998 Census Report) Settlement Patterns Indigenous People Caste System Religion Census and Socio-Economic Survey Methodology Socio-Economic Assessment Survey Components Census of Project Affected Persons (PAPs)

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3-2 3-2 3-2 3-2 3-2 3-4 3-5 3-5 3-5 3-6 3-6 3-6 3-6 3-6 3-6 3-7 3-7

4-1 4-1 4-1 4-2 4-2 4-2 4-3 4-4 4-5 4-6 4-6 4-8 4-8 4-8 4-9 4-10 4-10 4-10 4-10 4-10 4-11 4-11 4-11 4-12 4-12 4-12 4-12 4-13 4-13

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Environmental Impact Assessment of Khanewal-Lodhran Expressway (E-5)

I Sr. ! No.

4.7.4 4.7.5 4.8 4.8.1 4.8.2 4.9 4.10 4.10.1 4.10.2 4.10.3 4.10.4 4.10.5 4.10.6 4.10.7 4.10.8 4.10.9 4.10.10 4.10.11

Title

Census Components Data Collection Tools for Sample Survey and Census Socio-Economic Characteristics Survey Areas Baseline Information Culture and Tradition Gender Issues and AnalYSis Educational Status and Facilities Marital Status of the Respondents Occupational Status Power Spending the Money Women Working in the Agricultural Fields Sources of Water for Domestic Use Awareness about the Proposed Project Acceptability of the Proposed Project Pressing Needs of the Surveyed Villages Non-Governmental Organizations (NGO's) Perceptions about the Proposed Expressway

SECTION 5: ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES

5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4

5.5

5.6

5.7 5.8

General Selection of East Bank of Indus River Alternative 1: No Project Option Alternative 2: Improvement of the EXisting Single Carriageway (N-5A) Alternative 3: Construction of an Entry - Restricted Expressway (Starting at Khanewal Toll Plaza) Alternative 4: Construction of an Entry - Restricted Expressway (Starting at End Point of E-4) Comparative Analysis of Alternatives Selection of Preferred Alternative

SECTION 6: STAKEHOLDERS' CONSULTATION

6.1 6.2 6.3 6.3.1 6.3.2 6.4 6.5

General Identification of Main Stakeholders Scoping Sessions Methodology Participants of the Consultantsl Scoping Sessions Issues Discussed Major Outcomes of the Consultation Sessions

SECTION 7: ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

7.1 7.2

7.2.1

General Potential Impacts of Pre-Construction Activities and Mitigation Measures Land Acquisition

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4-13 4-13 4-14 4-15 4-15 4-24 4-24 4-24 4-25 4-25 4-25 4-25 4-26 4-26 4-26 4·27 4-27 4-27

5-1 5-4 5-4 5-5

5-7

5-8

5-9 5-12

6-1 6-1 6-1 6-1 6-2 6-11 6-11

7-1 7-1

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7.2.2 7.2.3 7.2.4 7.2.5 7.2.6 7.2.7 7.3

7.3.1 7.3.2 7.3.3 7.3.4 7.3.5 7.3.6 7.3.7 7.3.8 7.4 7.4.1 7.4.2 7.4.3 7.5 7.5.1 7.6 7.6.1 7.6.2 7.6.3 7.6.4 7.6.5 7.6.6 7.6.7

Environmental Impact Assessment qf Khanewal-Lodhran Expressway (E-5) .-~~~-. ~--~-.-~--~.----

Title

Dislocation of Physical Structures Displacement of People Clearing of Land Alternations in Topography and Drainage Patterns Access Problems Safety Concerns Potential Impacts of Activities during Construction and Mitigation Measures Setting-up Project Facilities Construction Waste Borrow I Open Pits Air Quality Increase in Ambient Sound Level Water Resources Disturbance in Public Utilities Safety Concerns Biological Environment Flora Fauna Impact on Fauna Socio-Economic Impact/Poverty Alleviation Spread of Contagious Transmittable Diseases Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures during Operation Increase in Traffic Volume Air Quality Noise Economic Impact Maintenance of Vehicles Time Saving Safety Concerns

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7-1 7-4 7-4 7-5 7-6 7-6 7-7

7-7 7-8 7-9 7-10 7-10 7-12 7-13 7-13 7-14 7-14 7-14 7-14 7-14 7-15 7-15 7-15 7-15 7-16 7-16 7-17 7-17 7-17

SECTION 8: ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.4.1 8.4.2 8.4.3 8.4.4 8.4.5 8.5 8.5.1 8.5.2 8.5.3 8.6 8.7 8.7.1

General Objectives of the Environmental Management Plan Key Environmental Issues Institutional Arrangement General National Highway Authority (NHA) Design Consultant Supervision Consultant Construction Contractor Specific Implementation Responsibilities Design Phase I Pre-Construction Phase Construction Phase Operation Phase Environmental Mitigation Plan Environmental Monitoring Plan Objectives of the Environmental Monitoring Plan

8-1 8-1 8-1 8-2 8-2 8-2 8-3 8-3 8-4 8-4 8-4 8-5 8-5 8-5 8-20 8-20

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8.7.2 8.7.3 8.7,4 8.8 8.9 8.9.1 8.9.2 8.10 8.11 8.12

Title

Monitoring Roles, Responsibilities and Schedules Environmental Quality Monitoring Parameters Communication and Documentation Capacity Building and Training Development of an EHS Team by the Contractor Accident I Emergency Handling and Reporting Corrective Action Request Two Hour Afternoon Break during Hot Summer Months Environmental Mitigation I Enhancement I Improvement Cost Cost Estimates

List of Figures

Figure 3.1 Location Map of the Project Area Figure 3.2 Cross-Section of the Proposed Expressway Figure 4.1 Baseline Conditions of the Project Area Figure 4.2 Seismic Zone Map Figure 5.1 Pakistan's North-South expressway/Motorway System Figure 5.2 Alignment Map for Alternatives Figure 8.1 Institutional Arrangement of NHA for EMP

List of Tables

PrOjected Average Annual Daily Traffic Project Implementation Schedule Proposed Geometric Design Features for Main Road

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8-20 8-21 8-22 8-26 8-26 8-27 8-27 8-28 8-28 8-29

Table 1.1 Table 3.1 Table 3.2 Table 3.3 Proposed Geometric Design Features for Interchange Ramps & Slip

Roads Table 3,4

Table 3.5 Table 3.6 Table 4.1

Table 4.2 Table 4.3 Table 4,4 Table 4.5 Table 4.6 Table 4.7 Table 4.8 Table 4.9 Table 4.10 Table 4.11 Table 4.12 Table 4.13 Table 4.14 Table 4.15 Table 4.16 Table 4.17

Proposed location of interchanges and Bridges on Khanewal-Lodhran Expressway Workforce Requirement for Construction of KLE Estimated Machinery Requirements for KLE Project Mean Maximum and Minimum Temperatures, Precipitation and Humidity Data (Multan), 2006 Ambient Air Quality of Project Area (24 hours average) Average Noise Levels at Various Locations Ground Quality Analysis Surface Water Analysis Cropping Pattern in Khanewal and Lodhran Districts Main Crops with their Average Yields Difference Castes in Respective Tehsils Gender Composition of Various Tehsils in the Project Area Administrative Jurisdiction of the Survey Areas Age Group of the Respondents Marital Status of the Respondents Caste of the Respondents Language of the Respondents Educational Status of the Respondents Educational Facilities along the Project Route Average Landholdings of he Affected Families

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Table 4.18 Table 4.19 Table 4.20 Table 4.21 Table 4.22 Table 4.23 Table 4.24 Table 4.25 Table 4.26 Table 4.27 Table 4.28 Table 4.39 Table 4.30 Table 4.31 Table 4.32 Table 4.33 Table 4.34 Table 4.35 Table 4.36 Table 4.37 Table 4.38 Table 4.39 Table 4.40 Table 4.41 Table 5.1 Table 5.2

Professional Status of the Respondents Income Level of the Respondents Family System of the Respondents Trend of Marriage System Ownership Status of the House of the Respondents Construction Type of the Houses Vulnerable Affectees Facilities Available of House Source of Water for Domestic Use Source of Water for Agriculture Use Type of Land Cultivation Status Level of Women Education Marital Status of the Respondents Women Occupations Power of Spending the Money Women Working in Agriculture Fields Source of Water for Domestic Use Awareness about the Proposed Project Acceptability of the Proposed Project Pressing Needs of he Surveyed Villages Impacts during Construction Stage Impacts during Operation Stage Protective Measures Suggested by the Respondents Expressway / Motorway System of the Pakistan Detail of Structures and Vegetation within RoW of Proposed Improved N-5A Detail of Structures and Vegetation Affected by Alternative-3 Detail of Structures and Vegetation Affected by Alternative-4 Comparative Analysis of Alternatives Village Meetings and Concerns Infrastructures to be Affected Trees to be Affected within RoW Maximum Limits of Noise Level

Table 5.3 Table 5.4 Table 5.5 Table 6.1 Table 7.1 Table 7.2 Table 7.3 Table 7.4 Noise Levels of Construction Equipment Observed at a Distance of 5

Meters Table 8.1 (a) Environmental Mitigation Plan (Design Phase) Table 8.1(b) Environmental Mitigation Plan (Construction Phase) Table 8.1 (cl Environmental Mitigation Plan (Operation Phase) Table 8.2 Environmental Monitoring Plan for the Construction and the Operation

Stages Table 8.3 Capacity Development and Training Programme Table 8.4(a) Tree Plantation Cost for Five Years Table 8.4(b) Break-up of Mitigation Cost for Trees Maintenance (for a period of 5

years) Table 8.4(c) Mitigation Cost of Grass Turfing and Maintenance (for a period of 5 years) Table 8.5 Summary of Social & Environmental Costs

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List of Annexure

Annexure-2.1

Annexure-2.2 Annexure-3.1 Annexure-4.1 Annexure-4.2

Annexure-4.3 Annexure-4.S Annexure-7.1

Annexure-7.2 Annexure-S.1 Annexure-S.2

Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency (Review of lEE and EIA) Regulations, 2000 National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS) List of Vehicular Box Culverts Geotechnical Report of Soil Samples of the Project Area Laboratory Test Results of the Environmental Monitoring (water, air and noise) Photographic Profile List of Visited Departments Executive Summary of Social Impact Assessment and Resettlement Action Plan (SIA & RAP) Entitlement and Compensation Matrix Accident Report Form Corrective Action Request (CAR)

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Pakistan's national transportation system ovelWhelmingly relies on road network to carry 96% of the inland freight and almost 90% of passenger traffic. The bulk of the cargo and passenger traffic is carried by North-South Corridor served by National Highway (N-5) and Indus Highway (N-55) astride the River Indus. National Highway Authority (NHA) under its Highway Sector Improvement Programme (HSIP) plans to construct a northsouth access-controlled expressway system to provide a high-speed, safe and reliable road transport corridor for which NHA has developed a National Trade Corridor (NTC) Programme. The proposed Khanewal-Lodhran Expressway (E-5) is a part of this NTC programme.

According to Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997, EIA of the proposed Project is mandatory. Furthermore, NHA is also seeking financing of this proposed project from the World Bank, which also requires environmental impact assessment to implement its operational policy (O.P 4.01, 2005).

Project Description

The proposed E-5 starts from Lahore-Multan Road (N-5) near Shamkot 8 km from Khanewal (end point of Faisalabad-Khanewal Expresway, E-4) and ends at Lodhran bypass. This expressway will be a new four-lane access-controlled dual carriageway with a median in the centre. NHA plans to construct a 101 km long expressway designed for 120 km/hr speed almost parallel to the eXisting two-lane National Highway (N-5A) between Khanewal and Lodhran. The civil works will involve construction of four new lanes, fence, grade-separated interchanges, under passes, toll plazas, rest/service areas, flyovers etc. Total formation width of the proposed expressway will be 24.2 metres, while RoW will be 100 meters and it will vary at the locations of interchanges, rest and service areas. The geometric design features of the proposed KhanewalLodhran Expressway will be based on standards established by Association of American State Highways and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) for deSign speed of 120 kph.

Baseline Conditions

Topography of the area of proposed Project site is predominantly flat with alluvial soil. Climatically Project Area is hot and dry in summer, cold in winter with low rainfall. Air quality parameters are within prescribed limits except PM 10 due to poor conditions of road and uncontrolled vehicular emissions.

Wheat, maize, cotton, sunflower and sugarcane are the major crops of the Project Area. Some industries (like cotton ginning, cooking oil, ice etc.), brick kilns and crop storage depots are located in the Project Area near N-5A Highway.

The ecological study was carried out to determine and document the environmental baseline conditions of the proposed area, which indicate that there is no ecologically sensitive ecosystem, protected area, wetland, endangered or threatened species present in the area of proposed Khanewal-Lodhran expressway (KLE). The population density of Black and Grey partridges has been adversely declined over the last many years, which is due to hunting as game bird and capturing them to keep as pets .

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The proposed Project is not expected to influence the character of the wildlife in any significant manner. However, the main impact on the ecological profile of the area of proposed development will be the unavoidable removal of 5,206 trees including fruit and non-fruit trees.

Most of the population living in the Project Area belongs to Jat, Arraien, Rajput, Khokhar, Khawaja, Dogar, Kamboh, Malik and Syed caste groups. Main languages spoken in the area are Punjabi and Siraiki. Majority of the families are living in the joint family system. Most of the houses have provision of electricity, however only 10.5% of the houses have the telephone connections. Sui gas and sewerage system facility is scarce in the Project Area,

Ninety eight percent of the population get water from hand pumps installed in their houses and water supply connections are available to only 2% of them. Canals and tubewells are the main sources of water for the agriculture use, Seventy two percent of the respondents told that they have cultivated lands, whereas 7% have un-cultivated lands and remaining 21 % own no land. Women living in the project area have lower literacy rates as compared to the men, Ninety percent of the women are involved in household activities and only 10% of them are the working women. Upgrading the education facilities; provision of sui gas, healthcare facilities, good roads, telephone, post offices and vocational training facilities are the pressing needs of the Project Area.

Analysis of Alternatives

Four alternatives i.e no project, improvement of existing N-5A and new alignment starting from N-5 at Khanewal Toll Plaza and new alignment linking with proposed E-4 were analysed on the basis of environmental and social aspects keeping in view the objectives of improving trade flow, lowering transit cost and reducing travel time with minimum environmental damage were compared in the context of crucial importance of this route in National Trade Corridor. The new alignment was selected a best option as it will have less economic cost due to less externalities, ecological footprint as no significant ecological hotspot will be affected and relatively less impact on physical and natural environment as it will involve less resettlement of people, disturbance to physical infrastructure and damage to natural environment.

Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures

The impacts of the project on land, water, air resources; and on biological and social environment were assessed with respect to design, construction and operation phases, The major impacts during pre-design/design phase will be acquisition of 2,167 acres of land, relocation of 133 structures, clearing of 5,206 trees and displacement of 686 families.

In the construction phase, major impacts envisaged will be related to damage of agricultural land and waste generation due to construction camp/workshop, alteration of topography and surface drainage pattern due to auxiliary structure like bridges, flyovers, underpasses, embankments and interchanges. Other impacts in this phase are related to borrow/open pits, noise pollution, dust and other air pollutants due to running of equipment/machinery, Public utilities like water pipes, power/ telephone lines will also be affected. Workers in the working camps can involve in very serious sexually communicable diseases like HIV/AIDS due to long term absence from their homes, and Hepatitis Band C due to unhygienic conditions.

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Environmel1lai

In the operation phase, major impacts will be access problem for locals due to division of their agricultural land and, air and noise pollution due to increase in traffic volume. Fatal accidents may also occur due to over speeding and overtaking resulting in loss of lives.

Improved road condition will promote community development schemes and better business opportunities such as new petrol pumps, gas stations and restaurants etc. In addition, such an activity will also increase the land value near interchanges that will benefit the local residents. Improved road condition will also save travelling time and reduce maintenance cost of the vehicles.

All these impacts during pre-design/design, construction and operation phases of the project will be mitigated by providing, compensation of land and structure according to land acquisition act and World Sank's involuntary resettlement policy, excess plantation of trees, underpasses and drainage structure, hygienic conditions and PPE's for workers and traffic safety measures in the operation stage of proposed E-5 .

Environmental Management Plan

The Environmental Management Plan (EIV1P) including Monitoring Plan has also been developed. That will help NHA to manage the adverse environmental impacts of the proposed project, enhance the project's overall benefits and introduce standards of good environmental practice.

The executing agency of the proposed Project will be NHA. General Manager (Environment, Afforestation, Land and Social) of NHA will be the overall in-charge of the Project with respect to environmental and social aspects. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Punjab will act as the overall regulatory body.

The total estimated resettlement, environmental mitigation and monitoring cost will be around Rs. 1,936.42 Million (US$ 25.48 Millions).

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Environmental

SECTION 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 General

National Highway Authority (NHA) under its Highway Sector Improvement Programme (HSIP) plans to construct a north-south access-controlled expressway system to provide a high-speed, safe and reliable road transport corridor for which NHA has developed a National Trade Corridor (NTC) Programme. In Phase-! of this NTC programme, NHA plans to construct an expressway between Khanewal and Lodhran. Integrating environmental concerns in development planning by assessing the environmental impacts of proposed projects is an integral component of National Environmental Policy of Pakistan (Section 5.1). Therefore, compliance with national environmental regulations to implement the state policy is a mandatory requirement. Furthermore, NHA is also seeking financing of this proposed project from the World Bank, which also requires environmental impact assessment to implement its operational policy (O.P 4.01, 2005). Therefore, NHA commissioned NESPAK to carry out Environmental Impact Assessment of this proposed expressway project. This report presents the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Study for the aforementioned project. During this EIA study, NESPAK's EIA Team maintained close coordination with the Design Section of NHA regarding any modification and their commentsl suggestions were incorporated for assessing environmental issues.

1.2 Project Background

Pakistan's economic growth accelerated from the average of 3.3 per cent during the Fiscal Years (FY) 1998-2003 to 6 - 8 percent in the FY 2004-06. The Government of Pakistan (GoP) focused on sustaining this economic growth by reducing the cost of doing business. This will help to increase productivity and competitiveness in the international market. GoP's Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP) also identifies supportive transport infrastructure as a pre-requisite for sustained economic growth. Therefore, to sustain this growth and increase competitiveness, the GoP has adopted a strategic and holistic approach to the transport sector and launched a major initiative to improve the trade and transport logistics chain along the north-south 'National Trade Corridor' (NTC) linking Pakistan's major ports in the south and south-west with its main industrial centres and neighbouring countries in the north, north-west and east.

Pakistan's national transportation system overwhelmingly relies on road network to carry 96% of the inland freight and almost 90% of passenger traffic. The bulk of the cargo and passenger traffic is carried by North-South Corridor served by National Highway (N-5) and Indus Highway (N-55) astride the River Indus. The flow of through traffic along both these Highways has greatly been retarded due to roadside friction and urban development along the roads. Secondly, these roads pass through many cities and the local heterogeneous traffic can not support efficient transport system. Thus the transportation system along the N-5 and N-55 in the present form has become highly inefficient, slow moving and very expensive. In order to exploit the full potential for transit trade, Pakistan needs to develop an efficient and fast expressway as trade corridor to reduce the cost of doing business by improving logistics to international standards. The improvement strategies envisage provision of limited access controlled

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expressways and motorways within the scope of NHA to enhance export competitiveness and industrialization.

The Highway Sector Improvement Programme has three core components:

(a) construction of a north-south access-controlled expressway system to provide a high-speed, safe and reliable road transport corridor;

(b) development of linkages of the new port of Gwadar with the NTC; and "

(c) up-gradation of the Karakoram Highway to cater for increased trade/transit traffic from China after opening of the Gwadar port.

Khanewal-Lodhran section is an important section due to its location as it bypasses the thickly populated ancient city of Mullan and gives a shorter link between the two cities. The existing 2-lane single carriageway section of N-5A highway between Khanewal and Lodhran (N-5A) can not serve the purpose of a trade corridor. Therefore, proposed Khanewal-Lodhran Expressway project is of national importance as the plan of NTC can not be implemented without a highspeed, safe and reliable access-controlled expressway system between these two cities, Furthermore, by extending this proposed expressway up to Sukhur. it may ultimately be linked to Gwadar, which will be the main trading seaport in future. The economically viability of NTC as a whole has already been assessed, Thus it is essential that all sections be in place as they complement each other to realize the benefits forecasted economic viability.

1.3 Purpose and Need of the Project

The purpose of this proposed Khanewal-Lodhran Expressway (KLE) project is not only to provide an uninterrupted, fast and safe travelling route connecting the provinces of Punjab, Sindh and Balochistan but also to provide state-of-the-art travelling facilities to the traders of China, Iran, India and Afghanistan as a crucial road link of the NTC. Although a two lane single carriageway exists between the two cities. Due to absence of any physical median accidents occur and due to heavy traffic, traffic moves slowly, hence this road can not provide a high-speed, safe and reliable road transport corridor. Therefore, an uninterrupted, fast and safe travelling route between Khanewal and Lodhran is needed for NTC. It is anticipated that after the completion of the Project, the economic and commercial activities in the country will be enhanced due to efficient transportation of various goodsltrade materials.

Zeerak International (Pvt.) Ltd, conducted a traffic study and perform economic analysis of NTC project for NHA in May, 2007. The results of the study indicate that main types of vehicles using this proposed expressway will include cars, pickups, buses, and trucks. Currently, on an average, 5,994 vehicles pass through the existing N-5A Highway everyday. It is estimated that by the year 2012, there will be approximately 21,497 vehicles passing through this section everyday and by the year 2025 this number will increase to 31,130 vehicles passing everyday, which clearly suggest that there is a dire need for this expressway to complete the NTC. Traffic projection data for the KhanewalLodhran route is given below in Table 1.1.

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Table 1.1 Projected Average Annual Daily Traffic

i Year I Cars I Small Large Pickup Trucks . Average Bus Bus ITruck 2· 3· Multi Annual

i Axle Axle Axle Daily

i i Traffic

2012 2,605 2,196 779 4,957 6,269 2,371 2,320 21,497

2013 2,690 2,274 806 5,128 6,486 2,454 i 2,400 22,238 t--

2014 2,775 2,352 833 5,299 6,703 2,537 2,480 22.979 2015 2.860 2,430 860 5,470 6,920 2.620 2,560 23,720

2016 2,945 ! 2,508 887 5,641 7,137 2,703 2,640 24,461

2017 3,030 2.586 914 5,812 7,354 2,786 2,720 25.202

2018 3.115 2.664 941 5,983 7.571 2,869 2.800 25.943

i 2019 3,200 2,742 968 6,154 i 7,788 2,952 2,880 26,684

2020 3,285 2,820 995 6,325 8,005 3,035 2,960 27,425

2021 3,370 2,898 i 1,022 6,496 8,222 3,118 3,040 28.166

2022 3,455 2.976 1,049 i 6,667 8,439 3.201 3.120 28.907

2023 3,540 3,054 1,076 I 6,838 8,656 3,284 I 3,200 29,648

2024 i 3,625 3,132 1,103 7.009 8.873 3,367 i 3.280 I 30,389

2025 3,710 3.210 1.130 7.180 9,090 3,450 3,360 I 31,130

1.4 Need for EIA Study of the Proposed Project

EIA is mandatory according to the Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997. Section 12 (1) of the PEPA-1997 states that:

"No proponent of a project shall commence construction or operation unless he has filed with the Federal Agency an initial environmental examination or, where the project is likely to cause an adverse environmental effect, an environmental impact assessment, and has obtained from the Federal Agency approval in respect thereof."

According to the Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency (Review of lEE and EIA) Regulations 2000, the proposed Project is listed in Schedule-II, which requires EIA before commencement of construction. Therefore, NHA submitted EIA report to Environmental Protection Department (EPD), Government of the Punjab on 23rd AugLlst, 2007. The report was reviewed by the panel of experts of EPD and placed at three public places for review by the general public. Later, a public hearing was also conducted to address the public concerns related to proposed project. After completing codel procedures, the EPA Punjab accorded environmental approval of the proposed project vide letter No. DD(EIA)/EPA/F-778/1 012/2K7/887 dated 15th December, 2007.

According to World Bank Environmental Assessment Policy Guidelines (OP 4.01). the proposed Project is 'Category A' project for the purpose of environmental assessment. Therefore. environmental clearance from the World Bank is also required.

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Ellvirollmelllai

1.5 Objectives of the EIA Study

The main objectives of theEIA study are:

• to determine and document the state of the environment of the project area to establish a baseline in order to assess the impact of implementation of the proposed project;

• to provide assistance to the proponent for planning, designing and implementing the project in a way that would eliminate or minimize the negative impact on the biophysical and socia-economic environment and maximising the benefits to all parties in the most cost effective manner;

• to provide opportunity to the public for understanding the project and its impact on the community and their environment in the context of sustainable development.

• To provide support to decision makers to take informed decisions.

1.6 The Proponent and the Consulting Team

The proponent of the proposed project is NHA whose contact details are given as under:

a) Proponent Contact Address

General Manager (Planning) National Highway Authority 3rd Floor, NHA Head Quarters 27 Mauve Area, G-9/1. Islamabad. Ph; 051-9261052 Fax: 051-9260346 Website: y'v\~.nha.gov.pk

b) Consulting Team

The following team members have provided their inputs in the preparation of the EIA Report:

Sr. No.

1

2

3

4

5

6

Name Designation

Mr. M. Zaheer Project Advisor / Principal Environmental Engineer

Mr. M. Ramzan Javed Senior Environmental Engineer / Project Manager

Mr. Attaullah Athar Senior Environmental Engineer

Dr. Abdul Aleem Sr. Ecologist

Mr. M. Aslam Malik

Mr. Saeed Hussain

Resettlement Specialist

Sociologist

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Em'ironmen/a/

1.7 Structure of the Report

Executive Summary: briefly discusses significant findings and recommended actions

Section 1 "Introduction" briefly presents the purpose and need for the project, its background, objectives and need for the EIA study.

Section 2 "Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework" describes the governance framework within which this E1A is carried out and requirements of the World Bank. It also identifies relevant international environmental agreements to which the country is a party.

Section 3 "Project Description" furnishes information about the location of the proposed project, cost and size of the project, and its major components.

Section 4 "Environmental and Social Baseline" establishes baseline conditions for the physical, biological, socio-economic and cultural conditions prevalent in the project area.

Section 5 "Analysis of Alternatives" discusses different alternatives considered for the proposed project to arrive at the preferred alternative for detailed environmental assessment.

Section 6 "Stakeholders' ConSUltations" identifies stakeholders, describes methodology for public conSUltation, discusses issues and finally gives outcomes of the consultation.

Section 7 "Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures" identifies, predicts and evaluates impacts of the proposed Project activities at the design, construction and operation stages. It also details the measures (including the mitigations costs) to reduce/eliminate potential adverse impacts of the Project on different environmental conditions at respective stages.

Section 8 "Environmental Management Plan" defines responsibilities of the Project proponent, contractor(s) and other role players; identifies training requirements at different levels; specifies supervision and monitoring mechanisms and parameters; and provides budgetary requirements to ensure that all the mitigation measures are effectively implemented.

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2.1

2.2

2.2.1

Environmental Khanell'ai-Lodhmn

SECTION 2

POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORKS

General

This section deals with the relevant international agreements ratified by the Government of Pakistan, environmental policies of the Government of Pakistan and the World Bank. Legal. regulatory and administrative framework instituted by the Government of Pakistan for the protection of environment is also described. All the relevant provisions of these policies and legal frameworks have been duly considered in this EIA study. In addition to this, the roles and responsibilities of the proponent as well as the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Punjab have been covered in this section.

Relevant International Obligations/Agreements

United Nations Agenda 21

The Government of Pakistan is a signatory to the Agenda 21 since 1992. The Principle 17 of the United Nations' Agenda 21 established that EIA as a national instrument shall be undertaken for proposed activities that are likely to have significant adverse impact on. the environment and are subject to a decision of competent national authority.

2.2.2 United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)

The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) is an international agreement adopted at the Earth Summit. in Rio de Janeiro. in 1992 and was Signed by more than 150 government leaders. The Convention is now one of the most widely ratified international treaties on environmental issues, with 188 member countries including Pakistan. It has three main objectives:

• to conserve biological diversity • to use its components in a sustainable way • to share fairly and equitably the benefits arising from the use of genetic

resources.

The Convention on Biological Diversity was signed by Pakistan in 1992 and ratified by the Cabinet on 26 July, 1994. The Article 14 of the CBD specifically requires environmental impact assessments (EIAs) to consider impacts on biodiversity. Although ecological assessment is an integral component of EIA; but explicit treatment of biodiversity impacts in road EIAs is also important.

2.2.3 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, 1992

The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCC) was negotiated in a little over two years and concluded at the 1992 UN Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) in Rio de Janeiro. It concentrates on controlling the emission of greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide and methane. It is aimed at stabilizing changes in the climate to prevent global warming and a rise in sea level. Change in climate influences the ecology, which in turn also influences what the country cultivates and exports, and hence its balance-of-payments position. Under this convention the developed countries will

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Environmellla! Khallewa!-Lodhrall EXlJre.I'SlI'I1V(J:-5J

make provisions of funding and technology to the developing countries to reduce such emissions.

More than 175 states including Pakistan have now ratified the Convention and so are legally bound by it. The treaty came into force on 21 March 1994 and Cabinet of the Government of Pakistan ratified it on 26 July, 1994.

2.2.4 Kyoto Protocol

The Kyoto Protocol is a supplementary treaty to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change adopted in 1997 by 173 countries, which are members to it. Pakistan has ratified the Kyoto Protocol on 1 fh January, 2005. The Kyoto accord obligates 30 of the world's developed nations to reduce their output of heat-trapping gases produced by industry, automobiles and power plants that contribute to global warming, also known as climate change. However, the Kyoto agreement excludes developing countries, which could face emissions controls for the first time after 2012.

2.3 Policy Framework

The Ministry of Environment is the responsible authority for policy making on environmental protection in Pakistan.

2.3.1 National Environment Policy, 2005

In March, 2005 Government of Pakistan launched its National Environmental Policy, which provides an overarching framework for addressing the environmental issues. Section 5 of the policy commits for integrating environment into development planning as instrument for achieving the objectives of National Environmental Policy. It further states in clause (b) of SUbsection 5.1 that EIA related provisions of Environmental Protection Act of 1997 will be diligently enforced for all development projects.

2.3.2 National Resettlement Policy (Draft)

Following a national consultative process, a national resettlement policy was drafted. The draft policy has been reviewed by the provinces, but has yet to be approved and notified by the government. The draft policy is consistent with the requirements of the World Bank's OP 4.12 on involuntary resettlement.

The salient features of the Draft National Resettlement Policy are given below:

• The Pak-EPA will be responsible for both environment-related as well as resettlement-related matters.

• The responsibilities for implementation at the federal level will be delegated to the federal agency responsible for the implementation of the project; the agency is also required to liaise closely with the government of the province where the project is being implemented.

• The responsibilities for implementation at a provincial are to be delegated to the provincial EPAs concerned with overall control under the planning and development (P&D) departments.

• A resettlement action plan (RAP) will be required when the displaced population exceeds 200.

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Khanewal-Lodhran

All categories of 'loss' arising from development projects that entail resettlement, need to be addressed: these include not only loss of land built-up property, other infrastructure, and crops and trees, but also loss of income, job opportunities, and access to natural resources, etc. Vulnerable groups whose issues need to be addressed in particular Include: women, children, destitute persons, tribal communities, squatters, those with usufruct rights, and landless groups. There should be a particular emphasis on consultation with affected groups when preparing a RAP.

2.3.3 World Bank Safeguard Policies

In 1998, the World Bank grouped ten of its key environmental and social policies Into a set of "safeguard policies" which together are designed to provide maximum protection to the environment and vulnerable populations from negative effects of the Bank financed operations. The World Bank Safeguard Policies establish mandatory standards and procedures that the borrower and the Bank must follow in preparing and implementing the Bank financed projects. Discussed below are the Bank's safeguard policies triggered for this study.

i) Operational Policy 4.01, 1999: Environmental Assessment

This is the umbrella policy through which potential social and environmental impacts are identified and the mitigation measures are proposed. The assessment process determines whether other safeguard policies apply. This policy provides bank to screen projects in order to identify potential impacts early in the project cycle and categorize projects according to the level of impacts. The categories trigger varying requirements regarding pre-project studies, participation, and information disclosure. The borrower is required to conduct assessment and avoid or minimize the identified impacts of the project and also to examine the project alternatives. The borrower is required to assess not only impacts of immediate project area, but project's "area of influence" (e.g., access roads, power lines, pipelines) as well as unplanned developments (spontaneous settlements, logging, etc.) induced by the project.

According to OPIBP 4.01, the proposed Project falls under Category A. The Category A project is likely to have significant adverse environmental impacts that are sensitive, diverse or unprecedented. The Category A project examines the project's potential negative and positive environmental impacts, compares them with those of feasible altematives (including the "without project" situation) and recommends any measures needed to prevent, minimize, mitigate, or compensate for adverse impacts and improve environmental performance. For Category A project, an Environmental Assessment (EA) is required.

ii) Operational Policy 4.12, 2001: InVOluntary Resettlement

This policy establishes standards and procedures for projects that displace people from their homes or cause economic displacement due to loss of land, buildings, or sources of income. The policy insists that involuntary resettlement must be minimized, if not avoided. The displaced persons must be assisted at a minimum in restoring their former living standards, income earning capacity, and production levels. Though not required, the policy speaks of improving living standards of resettled persons. It also provides that the resettlement activities should be conceived and executed as sustainable development programs. The policy applies when a Bank financed project causes the loss of land (including

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Environmental KhanelFal-Lodhran

buildings), assets, or sources of income. The policy also applies when a project restricts access to parks and protected areas.

2.4 Legal Framework

The Government of Pakistan (GoP) has promulgated laws/acts, regulations and standards for the protection, conservation, rehabilitation and improvement of the environment In addition to this, they have also developed environmental assessment procedures governing developmental projects. Following are the excerpts of these laws and procedures relevant to the proposed Project

2.4.1 Federal Laws

i) Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997

The Act was promulgated on December 06, 1997 by repealing the Pakistan Environmental Protection Ordinance of 1983. Section 12 of the Act provides for environmental assessment study: Initial Environmental Examination (lEE), and Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) prior to commencement of construction or operation of a project

ii) Cutting of Trees (Prohibition) Act, 1975

This Act prohibits cutting or chopping of trees without permission of the Forest Department

iii) The Antiquities Act, 1975

Archaeological sites and monuments are specifically protected by this Act

iv) Land Acquisition Act, 1894

The Land Acquisition Act (1894) deals with the acquisition of private properties for public purposes including large development projects like major roads. There are 55 sections in this Act mainly dealing with area notifications, surveys, acquisition, compensation, apportionment awards, disputes resolution, penalties and exemptions.

v) Canal and Drainage Act, 1873

This Act entails provisions for the prevention of pollution of natural or man-made water bodies.

vi) Pakistan Penal Code, 1860

This Act defines the penalties for violations concerning pollution of air, water bodies and land.

vii) Explosives Act, 1884

Under the Explosives Act, 1884, the project contractors are bound by regulations on handling, transportation and using explosives during quarrying, blasting, and other purposes.

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Environmental Khanewal·J.odhral1

viii) Highways Safety Ordinance, 2000

This ordinance includes provisions for the licensing and registration of vehicles and construction equipment; maintenance of road vehicles; traffic control, offences, penalties and procedures; and the establishment of a police force for motorways and national highways charged with regulating and controlling traffic on the national highways, and keeping the highways clear of encroachments.

2.4.2 Provincial Laws

i) Punjab Wildlife Act, 1974

This Act defines rules and regulations for the protection, preservation, conservation and management of wildlife in the Province of the Punjab.

ii) The Punjab Plantation and Maintenance of Tress Act, 1974

This Act defines rules and regulations for plantation and maintenance of trees in the Province of the Punjab.

iii) The Punjab Soil Reclamation Act, 1952

This Act defines rules and regulations for the speedy reclamation and improvement of the areas damaged by salinity and water logging (for preventing further damage and for maximizing agricultural production).

iv) Punjab Local Government Ordinance, 2001

Environmental protection is devolved subject under Punjab Local Government Ordinance (LGO), 2001. Notwithstanding any specific provisions, every local government may perform functions conferred by or under the Punjab Local Government Ordinance, 2001 and in performance of such functions may exercise such powers, which are necessary and appropriate. Until different provisions, rules, regulations or byelaws are made, the local governments may exercise such powers as are specified in the Sixth Schedule of Punjab LGO, 2001. Environmental protection is at serial 48 of the Sixth Schedule.

2.5 Regulatory Framework

i) Pakistan EPA (Review of IEEfEIA) Regulations, 2000

These regulations provide lists of the projects requiring lEE and EIA. They also briefly describe the preparation and review of environmental reports. In accordance with Regulation 4 of these Regulations, an EIA for the proposed project satisfying the requirements of the Section 12 of PEPA Act of 1997 need to submit to EPA, Environmental Protection Department (EPD), Government of the Punjab for reviewing environmental approval. PEPA regulations are given in Annexure-2.1.

ii) National Environmental Quality Standards, 2000

The Pakistan Environmental Protection Council first approved these standards in 1993. They were later revised in 1995 and 2000. NEQS is attaches as

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Enl'il'ollmenlaf Khanell'tr/·Lodlwan FrnrpnwmJF.

Annexure-2.2. The National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS), 2000 specify the following standards:

• Maximum allowable concentration of pollutants in municipal and liquid industrial effluents discharged into inland waters, sewage treatment facilities, and the sea (three separate sets of numbers).

• Maximum allowable concentration of pollutants (16 parameters) in gaseous emissions from industrial sources.

• Maximum allowable concentration of pollutants (two parameters) in gaseous emissions from vehicle exhaust and noise emission from vehicles.

iii) Motor Vehicle Rules, 1969

Motor Vehicle Rules 1969 (MVR 1969) define powers and responsibilities of Motor Vehicle Examiners (MVEs). The establishment of MVE inspection system is one of the regulatory measures that can be taken to tackle the ambient air quality problems associated with the vehicular emissions during operation phase.

iv) Regulation of Mines and Oil Fields and Mineral Development Act, 1948

This legislation provides regulatory procedures for the quarrying and mining of construction material from state-owned as well as private land.

2.6 Environmental Assessment Guidelines

2.6.1 Pak-EPA Environmental Assessment Procedures and Guidelines, 1997

Pak-EPA has also published environmental assessment procedures and guidelines in October, 1997, which contains the following sets of information relevant to the proposed Project:

i) Guidelines for Policy and Procedures for Filing, Review and Approval of Environmental Assessment Reports

It describes environmental policy and administrative procedures to be followed for filing of environmental assessment reports by the proponents and its review and approval by the concerned environmental protection agency/department.

Ii) Guidelines for the Preparation and Review of Environmental Reports

These guidelines are developed to facilitate both the proponents and decision makers to prepare reports (inclusive of all the information contained therein) and carry out their review so as to take informed decisions.

iii) Sectoral Guidelines: Major Roads

These guidelines embody issueslimpacts commonly arisen in road projects, the mitigations to reduce/eliminate these impacts and the need for environmental management plan and monitoring plan to protect the environment.

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Environmenlallmpacl Assessment/or Khanewal-Lodhran Expressway(E-5)

iv) Guidelines for Public Consultation,

These guidelines deal with possible approaches to public consultation and techniques for designing an effective program of consultation that reaches out to all major stakeholders and ensures that their concerns are incorporated in any impact assessment study.

2.6.2 World Bank Environmental Assessment Guidelines

2.7

2.7.1

All the development projects, which are funded by the donor agencies, have to abide by the guidelines stipulated by the respective agencies for environmental assessment purpose. Since for the proposed project NHA is seeking financing from the World Bank, so it is obligatory on the part of the Proponent to follow WB's guidelines and safeguards for environmental assessment

World Bank published guidelines for environmental assessment of road sectors projects in 1997 as Technical Paper No. 376: Roads and the Environment, which provides a description of practical methods which are useful in designing and executing effective environmental assessments (EAs) to those who are involved in various aspects of road projects, from planning to construction to maintenance. This is primarily concerned with specific road projects, ranging from major works on new alignments to minor rehabilitation and maintenance activities on existing roads. The techniques discussed can be applied to in-depth environmental assessment studies, or to modest action plans for dealing with environmental aspects of small projects.

Administrative Framework

NHA

The implementing agency of the proposed project is NHA, therefore, NHA is responsible for liaising with line departments to ensure that the project complies with the laws and regulations controlling the environmental concerns of highway construction and operation, and that all pre-construction requisites, such as permits and clearances are met The Directorate of Environment and Aforestation and Directorate of Land and Social of NHA will be responsible for ensuring that all the measures proposed in the Environmental Management Plan are effectively implemented by the contractor during construction phase and by Directorate of Operation & Maintenance of NHA during operation phase of the proposed project.

2.7.2 Environmental Protection Agency, Punjab

Pakistan Environmental Protection Council (PEPC) is the apex inter-ministerial and multi-stakeholders decision-making body, which is headed by the Prime Minister. The Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency is the regulatory body responsible for enforcement of Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997. For implementation of PEPA, 1997, the powers have been delegated to provincial environmental protection agencies for review, approval and monitoring of environmental assessment projects. For this proposed project, the EPA Punjab will be responsible for reviewing the EIA report, issuing environmental approval and post approval monitoring of the proposed project activities to ensure compliance with the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) and any other condition of the environmental approval,

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Environmental Khallewal-Lodhran

2.7.3 Punjab Forest Department

The project implementation will involve clearing of vegetation and trees within the right of way. The project contractors will be responsible for acquiring a 'NoObjection Certificate' (NOG) from the Punjab Forest Department on the basis of the approved EIA The application for an NOC will need to be endorsed by the NHA Tree avenue plantation will be carried out by the NHA itself or through work awarded to Punjab Forest Department. The NHA will also be responsible for liaising with Punjab Forest Department on the types of trees to be planted and other matters concerning plantation layout as an environmental mitigation measure.

2.7.4 Punjab Wildlife Department

Punjab Wildlife Department controls the district wildlife through District Wildlife Officers (D.W.O). According to wildlife department setup, this project comes under the jurisdiction of D.W.O's of Khanewal, Vehari and Bahawalpur.

Khanewal Irrigated Forest Plantation is located along the existing N-5 near Pirowal, which was notified as Game Reserve in 1978 but latter classified as Wildlife Sanctuary. The proposed project will not cause any damage to this wildlife sanctuary.

Wildlife related issues if erupt during any stage of the project, the proponent will resolve it with the consultation of respective nearest wildlife office.

2.7.5 Punjab Revenue Department

Under the national law, matters relating to land use and ownership are provincial subjects, and the revenue department of the province is empowered to carry out the acquisition of private land or built-up property for public purposes, including on behalf of another provincial or federal agency. For this purpose, the lead department must lodge an application with the Punjab Government to depute a Land Acquisition Collector (LAG) and other revenue staff who will be responsible for handling matters related to land acquisition and the disbursement of compensation. The NHA will provide logistical support and assist in preparing the documents necessary for notification. It will also need to liaise with the Departments of Agriculture, Forestry and Punjab Horticulture Development Board in order to evaluate affected fruit and vegetation resources, such as trees, crops and orchids, etc., for compensation purposes. Where public buildings/infrastructure is concerned, the NHA will approach those departments that own the building or infrastructure before removing or relocating the facilities.

2.7.6 District Environment Offices

Environment Protection Department in Punjab has been developed with the promulgation of Punjab Local Government Ordinance, 2001. Under this ordinance, District Environment Offices have also been established to perform the following functions:

• To regulate motor vehicles subject to the provisions of the Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997 and the rules and regulations made there-under.

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Environmental Khanewal-Lodhran

• To ensure, guide and assist the proponents of new projects in submission of Initial Environmental Examination (lEE)! Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) to the Director General, EPA for approval;

• To ensure implementation of environmental protection and preservation measures in all development projects at the district level and to sensitize government agencies on environmental issues;

• To identify the needs for legislation in various sectors of the environmental matters;

• To provide information and guidance to the public on environment;

• To encourage the formation and working of non-governmental organizations, to prevent and combat pollution and promote sustainable development; and

• To undertake regular monitoring of projects and to submit progress reports to the DG, EPA for publication in the annual Report.

The project falls in the jurisdiction of District Environment Offices of Districts of Khanwal, Vehari and Lodhran, which will be responsible for regular monitoring of the project.

2.7.7 Other Local Government Institutions

The proposed Project geographically falls in five tehsils Khanewal, Jahanian, Mailsi, Dunyapur and Lodhran of three districts of Khanewal, Vehari and Lodhran. According to the present local government system, there are three District Governments and five Tehsil Municipal Administrations (TMAs), which will become stakeholders at the time of implementation of the proposed Project.

The NHA will work with local governmenUadministration and municipalities on the resettlement of affected people and removal of encroachments or sources of congestion. In specific cases, the NHA will frame an agreement with the municipality, local government, or other service provider concerned on the resettlement of displaced squatters.

2.7.8 Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs)

NGOs play pivotal role in mobilizing and enlisting public participation in development projects. The local NGOs namely Punjab Rural Support Programme (PRSP), AHRD (Association for Human Resource Development), Punjab Poverty Alleviation Programme, FDO (Farmers Development Organisation), etc. are already working in the project area in different sectors such as literacy, health, infrastructure development etc. These organizations can be instrumental in advocating the proposed project, organizing the community, negotiating the compensation packages, imparting skills training etc., at different stages of the proposed project.

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Environmell1al Khanell'ol-Lodhran

SECTION 3

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

3.1 General

This is a project of national importance, which aims to improve the transport infrastructure by constructing a new four-lane access-controlled dual carriageway with a median in the centre, The NHA plans to develop a 101 km long expressway designed for 120 km/hr speed facility almost parallel to the eXisting two-lane National Highway (N-SA) between Khanewal and Lodhran, The civil works will involve construction of four new lanes, fence, grade-separated interchanges, under passes, toll plazas, rest/service areas, flyovers etc. Total formation width of the proposed expressway will be 24,2 metres and total RoW will be 100 meters,

3.2 Objectives of the Proposed Project

The proposed project development objective is to improve trade flow and lower transit costs and times along the NTC by providing a high-speed, safe and reliable access-controlled expressway system. The development impact will be judged on the basis of the following indicators on the project road:

• Impact Indicators:

(i) 33% reduction in commercial traffic travel times; (ii) 10% decrease in vehicle operating costs; (iii) SO% reduction in road fatalities/normalization of about 101 km of road

for traffic levels; and

• Output Indicators:

(i) Construction of about 101 km of access controlled expressway; (ii) Reduction in travel costs by SO%,

3.3 Location of the Project

The proposed Project falls under the administrative jurisdiction of Khanewal, Vehari and Lodhran Districts, Project starts from Lahore-Multan Road (N-S) near Shamkot 8 km from Khanewal (end point of Faisalabad-Khanewal Expresway, E-4), The Section ends at Lodhran bypass, The proposed project site is located at southern side of Lahore-Multan Road and mostly on the left side of N-5A (Khanewal-Lodhran Highway).

The proposed expressway passes through the agricultural fields throughout its length, Nearly 45% of this Road Section is located in Khanewal District, 10% in Vehari and 4S% in Lodhran District. The Project area is entirely flat and level plain without any mountains or hills, The land gradually slopes from the north to south, Figure 3.1 shows the location map of the Proposed Project.

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Figure 3.1: Location map of the Project Area

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Em'ironmemal K hanelPal- Lodbml1

3.4 Right of Way (RoW)

The proposed development project will have a well defined RoW of 100 meters, At interchanges, RoW will be more than 100m depending upon site of location, Major construction works will remain confined within this RoW, All the infrastructure and commercial activities within the proposed RoW need to be relocated therefore will be directly affected by the proposed development project. The RoW will be delineated, for which the NHA is legally entitled,

3.5 Project Implementation Schedule

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Table 3,1 shows the implementation schedule of the proposed Expressway Project.

Table 3.1 Project Implementation Schedule

Project Cost

The estimated total construction cost of the proposed project is Rs, 11,372 million (approx, US$ 187,5 million), .

Features of the Proposed Alignment

3.7.1 Geometric Design

The geometric design features of the proposed Khanewal-Lodhran Expressway will be based on standards established by Association of American State Highways and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) for design speed of 120 kph with full access control but jf there would be certain sections, where these design features will not be possible to implement due to unavoidable site constraints like built-up areas or sites suitable for construction of bridges over existing roads or canals, the design speed would be reduced to 100 kph, Such sections would likely to be located between Km 51.5 to Km 52.2, from Km 60.0 to Km 60,6 and from Km 67,2 to Km 67,6, For the design features of these sections, the design would be reduced from 120 kph to 100 kph in order to accommodate the tight curves and short tangents, At approaches to such areas, cautionary traffic signs will be provided to warn traffic to reduce speed,

The proposed Geometric Design features of the proposed Khanewal-Lodhran Expressway (KLE) are presented in Tables 3,2 for interchange, ramp and slip roads in table 3,3, The Figure 3.2 presents the cross-section of the Proposed Expressway.

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Environmel1fai Khonell'ol-Lodhron ''-\iN ~,,' W"Y

Table 3.2 Proposed Geometric Design Features of Main Road

I sr~ Fe'atimis---''--TUnit i Design Speed Featl1ts] N~ ___ ,,______ i I 120 Kph 100 K h

LJ,.: Minimum stopping sight distance ..:...... M 1-34 - 263 ,171:- 202 I

I",~' Minimum passing sight distance ___ .....;. M __ ,,77L_, __ 67~ 3, 'Maximum rate of su er elevation '% 6 -; 6

I i) Absolute minimum radius M 750 437

, ,ii) Above radius where no super M I' 3510 2526 L--. '_..J'lleva~on is required ' ': L_!L.~Road formation width I M =t= 24.2,, __ 24].,--1

~' ~_L.YYldlb.Qf!r:?velied ~aCh..bOI!f1SlLl-M LL...J~_7,3 __ j

7, I Width of shoulder. M T""" 3,0 1 3 0 : (outer - surface treated)

\ ___ yidth of shoulder (mn~_fJav§' ) I M I 1.0. ____ .J...o __ 1

I 6 Cross slopes: I 1 I ~') Travelled way cross fall 2% 2% 1

L ii) Shoulder cross fall I - 4%, ,_~ ,9, Maximum grade I o/et 3 5 l ~-1<f"t~inimum g'rade (IfconditionspeITt-t'-o% I -03% o-r - 0.3%or--1 ~ I so) __ ,_,_, __ ,_, ____ L_ flatter ..Jlatter_J I Rate of vertical curvature' \

I

~ 1. I I) 'K' value for crest curves K/%A 83 - 105 44 - 62 , I stopping the sight distance I Passing sight distance , K/%A 695 520

_ I iiL'~ ,,'"' fOf "9 '""'" I 'ii"/oA 28 - 66 41 - 49 ~ 12.IFilJSlopes I H:V 2:1 t= 2:1

tJJ-,-~Bl9.~of Wa'L_~ _____ , ___ ~J __ M_~ 100 ___ -1,06 __ _

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Environmental ;; hane1l'al-Lodhran

Table 3.3 Proposed Geometric Design Features for Interchange Ramps and Slip Roads

~~~" i ------DescriPtio~-----------r sin~~T---~r-l--~~::r~l ._ _ ____ ._ .... __ ._. _____________ t_1ane _~-Janew-. Lane .-J ~- cross-sectio~~~~;pe~~-------r..2°-T--5L-L--~O"

I Lane (m) 5.0 '2 x 3.5 5.0 , Hardstrip: RHS (m) 1.0 3.0 1.0 I Paved shoulder: LHS (m) 2.0 3.0 2.0

12IHorizontal Alignment I -- I Minimum radius without elimination of 1380 750 750 I : adverse camber and transition (m)

I Minimum radius with maximum super 190 80 I elevation (m) I I I

i Minimum radius with maximum super J - : - I 80 J 3 Vertical Alignment I I

r----..-:. elevationlor !2.Cl£~i!1l1._________ ----1- ------t - ---MaXimum gradient (%) 5.0 5.0 5.5 I Absolute minimum K-crest value 17 7 6.5

I Absolute minimum K-sag value 23 13 9 I I i Maximum difference in grade between 1.0 1.0 1.0

: inner & outer edges of carriageway when applying super elevation (%)

I Crossfall of inner and outer shoulder (%) I 4.0 ! 4.0 4.0 I

14--+~~~~~~taa:o~er (%) ·T~·O--LJ' 2.0.1.-2-1

LJ ~~~~~~~ol%) _ ____________ J __ ~~~__ _J:~_l. ~:LJ 3.7.2 Major Structures

At crossings over large canals/distributaries and major roads, bridges and interchanges have been proposed, which will facilitate the traffic entering the Expressway from the neighbouring areas. The vertical clearance provided at most of the overhead bridges is minimum of 5.1 metres. Interchanges, bridges and flyovers will be provided at the sites/chainages proposed in Table 3.4.

Table 3.4 Proposed location of Interchanges and Bridges on

Khanewal-Lodhran Expressway

A: Interchariges:-~_~ _______ =7---~_~-c-.-· '::0 Sr·l Location I Chainage I

No. -L--------~.---------------------------L I }--+ ~;h~!~~mkQL_-----------------------+-102++00000b--!

~.l tCh~k NQ_90]!)EI3==_-~-~= ____ =-=_=========_1 21+700 '1

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Environmental Khanell'al·Lodhran

3.7.3 Minor Structures

The proposed expressway alignment crosses numerous tracks, existing roads, irrigation canals, distributaries and water-courses of various sizes. Depending on the size of the existing roads and the area served, single Vehicular Box Culverts (VBCs) or twin VBCs have been proposed at the existing passages. A total number of 62 VBCs are provided for this 101 km long section. Details of VBCs is available as Annexure-3.1. Three main factors favour the provision of VBCs as against flyover bridges - no disruption to the existing road, which remains atgrade, VBCs are adequate for the small local traffic volume and expected low traffic growth rate on this mainly agricultural land.

3.7.4 Construction of Toll Plazas

The proposed expressway (E-5) will be linked with Faisalabad-Khanewal Expressway as a part of National Trade Corridor (NTC), therefore the toll plazas will be constructed on each entryl exit of expressway at interchanges. The vehicles entering the Expressway will receive a toll card and will pay the toll tax according to mileage covered at their destination exit interchange.

3.7.5 Construction of Rest and Services Areas

Facilities for rest and services will need to be provided at appropriate location(s) where vehicles can stop safely for rest and services. It is proposed that one Rest and Services area (on each side of the road) be provided at about centre of the section where restaurants, toilets and gas/fuel stations will be available. The midway at the proposed section will be Dunyapur, where manpower will be

3-5

-

,..

Fnvironmenla/ Khanell'a/-Lodhran

available for maintenance work at Rest and Services areas, local people will also get opportunities for employment. Roads, parking area, utility services and buildings are proposed to be designed and implemented as a separate package,

3,7.6 Construction of Weighbridges

Facilities for weigh bridges need to be provided in order to monitor and control over-loading which is the main cause of damage to pavement. For this purpose, platforms complete with deceleration and acceleration lanes will be provided, Two weighbridge locations will be identified at each bound at about 15 to 25 km from each end at Khanewal and Lodhran,

3.8 Construction Materials

The materials used in construction highways include coarse aggregates (crush), fine aggregates (sand), soil, water, asphalt, reinforcement, cement etc, Almost all these raw materials are locally available in the country,

3.8.1 Sand, Coarse Aggregate

Some of the materials for the embankment will be available within the project area (in the sandy areas), whereas material for the pavement layers will have to be borrowed from suitable areas from districts of Sargodha and D,G Khan, The nearest available local source of coarse aggregate is Sakhi Sarwar area in District Dera Ghazi Khan,

3.8.2 Asphalt

Asphalts will be required for surfacing of the pavement. This demand will be met by local and/or international refineries.

3.8.3 Earthworks

Since the terrain is flat throughout the proposed project area, the whole road will be constructed on embankment A minimum height of earth fill of 1,0 m to 1,3 m above existing ground will need to be maintained in the design to avoid any high level flood that would give a finished road level of approximately 2.0 m above the existing ground at the lowest elevations, However, the road has to be elevated to cross over numerous culverts, canals and existing tracks,

An estimated quantity of 12 million cubic meter of earthworks for embankment fill of main road and 2,5 million cumic meter of earthworks for construction of interchanges, toll plazas, rest and services areas, and weigh bridge platforms will also be required, For obtaining this considerable amount of earth, specific borrow areas will be identified by the contractors for bringing earthwork material. The excavated areas will then be restored or transformed into areas of productive use,

3.8.4 Water

Large quantity of water will be required for the construction of the road. The results of the water quality tests conducted on samples collected from proposed project area indicate that all water is fit for use in concrete in accordance with standard (8S: 3148), Therefore, water will be obtained by extraction from local areas. Only one sample collected from a hand pump at Dunyapur was found to

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,...

Environmental Impact Assessmentfor Khanewal-Lodhran Expressway (E-5) -----------

have high Sulphate, Chloride and Total Dissolved Solids (TOS) that may be due to shallowness. Based on this finding, the water extraction from such area will be avoided.

3.9 Construction Camps

Camp sites will be selected keeping in view the availability of adequate area for establishing camps, including parking areas for machinery, stores and workshops, access to communication and local markets, and an appropriate distance from sensitive areas in the vicinity. Final locations will be selected by the contractor with the assistance of Supervision Consultant, which will be finalised after the approval from NHA.

In general these camps will be located 500m away from the focal population settlements and any religious and/or cultural facilities. Care will be taken to safeguard the existing environment of the area.

The area requirement for construction camps will depend upon the workforce deployed and the type and quantity of machinery mobilized. In view of the area required, the contractors will have to acquire land on lease from private landowners.

3.10 Workforce and Machinery Requirements

Table 3.5 gives the typical workforce requirement for proposed project for managerial staff, engineers and labourers.

Table 3.5 Workforce Requirement for Construction of KLE

r Sr. I'

No. . Staff No.

L. 1 I. Project Director 1 ~i ~2~~.~P~ro~j~e~ct~M~a~n~ag~e~r _____________ ~ _____ ~1 _______ ~

I I 'U3 '. Construction Manager

i • Earthworks 2 · • Structures 2

• Roadworks 2 --=--;- .. --.--.. ------ .--.. ---.. - .. ---c-:, .. --------j

• .. 4 I Engirleer .. _ -J?-.----l 151 Technicians .. ____ 24 161 Scheduler--r---"---" 2

t 7 i Quantity surveyor_ .. ·-3a="'1 .. _-.... ---.=1.-. ----'.

.. . 8 I Surveyors ,. 9 ! Office Mana er · 10 AutoCA·O:O:.::O""IIJ ... e"-ra-:t,-0-rs-------t---·-.... - 4-.. .

l- 11. ..§~retarYlTyprst--" _ .... _- ...... ---........±..--------1 i-....1L Office8oy .. __ ,, ___ . ___ ,, ___ ,, ___ . __ ~. __ _ • 13 Watchman . 4 . t 14 . Sa~Officer- I 2 I

i-it ~~;~~r~~:~;a6~~--·-----t----- -~-- i l_ll_LQ,ri"ers....§nd Operators of Machiri~riIS~nl..e-"s_r:;o.(lf m<3..chi~

Source. MINCONSUl T INTERNATIONAL LTD. (Design Consultants)

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Environnlental Khanel1'aI-Lodhran t'."JrPSSW(lV

Table 3.6 gives the number of different types of machinery likely to be deployed on site. However, any other machinery/equipment can also be used according to the requirement.

Table 3.6 Estimated Machinery Requirements for KLE Project

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Environmental

SECTION 4

ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL BASELINE

4.1 General

The existing environment around the proposed Project Area has been studied with respect to physical, ecological, cultural and socio-economic aspects.

Human impacts such as road safety, traffic noise, vehicular emissions and other types of associated pollution are already existent along the highway. These factors are therefore discussed as part of the existing environmental conditions in the Project area. This will allow the determination of baseline conditions against which the incremental impact of the proposed Project can be assessed.

4.2 Corridor of Impact (Col)

The area of project influence is referred to as the 'Corridor of Impact' (Col), i.e., the area that will be impacted, directly or indirectly, by the project during the construction and operation phases. Although construction activities will remain confined to the RoW, situations in which construction-related activities will extend beyond the RoW include:

• Establishing construction campsites and asphalt plants on temporarily leased land and approach roads

• Borrowing soil material from temporarily leased land • Quarrying aggregate material • Approach roads for transportation of construction material and machinery.

4.2.1 Delineating the Col

For the purposes of this study, the Col has been divided into Col-1 and Col-2.

Col-1: Corridor of direct impact of the proposed project such as loss of agriculture orchards, and associated physical infrastructures (tube wells, farm houses within the RoW of 100 metres. This included the carriageway embankment, fence, service areas, drainage, etc., and an additional corridor required to facilitate the movement of light construction machinery and safety of the general public.

The Col-1 will be delineated as the width required for actual road construction and RoW. For the purpose of this project, a limit of 100m from the edge of the proposed alignment will be adopted as the Col-i.

Col-2: Corridor of indirect impact such as noise, dust emiSSions, camp sites and borrow sites beyond the proposed RoWand Col-i will vary depending upon the selection of sites for construction camps, borrow areas, sources of construction materials, transportation, and its range will be variable from place to place. Figure 4.1 presents baseline conditions of the Project Area with respect to Col-1 and Col-2.

Following baseline environmental conditions are studied by considering both Coli and Col-2:

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LEGEND: HOUSE II POULTRY FARM tJ MAIN CITY !;iii N5A ROAD

DENSE HOUSES \ .... KATCHI ABACI ® CHACK IXI LINK ROAD

COMMERCIAL 1ft GARDEN I ORCHARD f."l SAND DUNES 00 CANAL 00

MOSQUE FISHFORM RAILWAY LI. .. ~ TREE

SCHOOL KILN EXTENSION' • ROW (100m) ------ (SURVEYED' MISCELLANEOUS AGRICULTURAL LAKO

-Col-1

\

~ BOTH SIDES )RRIDOR • 200m)

-_ .... ,.......------LJ~" ,'.J

<..J ~ •. [) tJ tJ

Ccl-2

IIHlIIHIUUI I 1111 111111 SCALE:NTS

FIGURE - 4.1

::::c o le:( ::E

ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE MAP

4.3 Physical Environment

4.3.1 Topography and Soil

Topography of the Project Area is predominantly flat with mild slope towards the south. The soil in the Project area is mostly of alluvial character and sand is found everywhere within a few feet below the surface. Scattered sand dunes and earth heaps (resulting from the dryness of Bias River) are also excessively found on the surface in the Project Area, which is mainly deposited by water and wind. These dunes and heaps are also due to levelling of land carried out by farmers/cultivators. Some patches of barren land are also present in the Project Area.

These dunes, heaps and barren patches can be utilized for cut and fill work of embankments during the construction of the proposed Project. Geotechnical report of the soil samples of the Project Area is attached as Annexure- 4.1.

4.3.2 Meteorology and Climate

Almost 90% of the Project Area falls in the districts of Khanewal and Lodhran, whereas a small portion falls in Vehari District. Climate of these Districts is hot and dry in summer and cold in winter. Summer season, being lengthy. starts in April and continues till October, with May, June and July as the hottest months. Temperature exceeds from 40°C during these months. December, January and February are the cold months and temperature within these months remains between 5 DC and 21 DC. Table 4.1 shows the temperature, precipitation and relative humidity recorded at Multan (the nearest station) in 2006.

Above data represent the temperature, precipitation and relative humidity for both Khanewal and Lodhran Districts, which are in the vicinity of Multan. The mean maximum temperature is 43.0 DC in May (the hottest month)' and mean minimum temperature is 4.4 DC in January (the coldest month).

4-2

Environmental

The Project Area has very few rainfalls. The average annual rainfall of these areas (in 2006) is 12.84 mm. Annual rainfall during 2006 is 154.1 mm. Maximum rainfall occurred in the month of March, i.e. 55.4 mm, whereas in September 2006, the area had no rainfall at aiL

4.3.3 Air Quality

The major air quality issue in the Project Area is Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) due to gaseous emission from the vehicles. A lot of dust will also accumulate in the air due to dry atmosphere. However, after the construction of the Project, SPM will be reduced due to paved shoulders. Trucks, buses and other passenger vehicles passing on the existing N-5A Highway are normally poorly maintained, which pollute the air very seriously. Lot of dust generates due to the poor condition of road at various points.

For establishing baseline ambient air quality conditions, five monitoring sites were selected and ambient air samples were collected from:

1. Khanewal-Mullan Road (N-5), near Shamkot 2. Near Shamkot railway station 3. Near Police Check Post, Maitia Chowk 4. Dakota Road, Dunyapur 5. Super Chowk Lodhran

Results of laboratory analysis of ambient air quality parameters are given in Table 4.2.

As ambient air quality standards have not yet been developed in Pakistan, therefore for comparison, USEPA standards are referred. One hour average value of CO in the locations mentioned in Table-4.2 ranges from 0.583 to 1.04 ppm, which is far below the USEPA permissible limit of 35 ppm. The 24-hour average value of N02 at the same location ranges from 0.02 ppm to 6.3 ppm, here NOz at Shamkot station is on higher side, whereas the USEPA permissible limit is 0.053 ppm for annual arithmetic mean. The 24-hour average value of S02 ranges from < 0.01 ppm to 0.01 ppm, which is far below the USEPA permissible limit of 0.14 ppm.

Particulate Matter (PM1o) values at above mentioned locations ranges from 145.5 ~g/m3 to 528 ~g/m3 PM10 values (except Dhakota road) are mostly higher than the USEPA permissible limit of 150 ~g/m3 except Dhakota road, which is on the higher of the permissible limit. This is mainly due to the dust emissions resulting from the movement of vehicles, carts and relJras on unpaved or semi-paved sides of the roads and small approach roads.

At present, there is almost no traffic movement along the proposed alignment, except on small approach roads. Traffic volume on the Dakota Road and near Mailla Chowk is relatively higher as compared to the other two locations. It is anticipated that due to increase in traffic with the passage of time, average values of CO, S02 and N02 will increase but it is also expected that PM,o may reduce due to improved surface condition of the expressway. However, adoption of techno-regulatory measures will also help in controlling the emission of gases and improved road condition will help in reducing the particulate matter.

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Environmental

Table 4.2 Ambient Air Quality of Project Area (24 hour average)

I L Results at Sampling Locations

Sr. Khanewal- Road r Dakota Police Super-' World Bank USEPA No. Parameter i Multan near Road, Check Chowk recommended Standards

! road (N-5) Shamkot Dunyapur Post, Lodhran standards for Near Railway near India

Shamkot Station Maitla Chowk

1 Carbon 1.04 0.64 0.583 0.958 0.625 1-5 mg/m" 35 Monoxide (one hour (one hour (CO) (in average) average)

• ppm) .~+ ........

2 ! Nitrogen 0.02 6.3 0.02 0.02

I

0.02 0.03-12 0.053 ! Dioxide mg/m3

(annual (N02) (in (annual arithmetic

• ppm) average) mean 3 ' Sulphur 0.01 3.2 < 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.03-12

! 0.14

Dioxide mg/m 3

(S02) (in I

(24-hour ppm) average)

4 Particulate 287.80 528.63 145.5 230 150 -35~ 0.1-0.5 mg/m" Matter

1

i (Annual

~:M10)(in I I

average) i l-I9/m3) .

Source. PhYSical MOnitoring at Project Site by SGS Pakistan (Pvt.) Ltd.

4.3.4 Noise

According to monitoring results noise at existing roads in the project area is exceeding the World Bank limits. But proposed road would be a new alignment; therefore the noise will not be a major issue. Noise levels were measured at sensitive locations along the proposed alignment. NEQS limit of noise level is 85dB(A). However, NEQS do not prescribe a noise level limit for the receptors. Noise levels in the area are around the NEQS limit of 85 dB(A) but higher than the WHO limits as given in table 4.3.

Sr. I No.

i~. ~1~ ..... ! 2

3 ..

Table 4.3 Average Noise Levels at Various Locations

Source/Location

Khanewal Multan Road Near Shamkot Railway Station Dakota Road, Dunyapur Police Check Post, near Mailla Chowk

Equivalent Noise Level (L ) dB(A) ... ~.9. Peak_r-~yerage 92.5 85.1

72.2 67.4

76.4-- .... ,r;:----69.9

79.9

•

•

World Bank Recommended Noise

Levels (L~g) dB(A) 45-55 (residential, institutional, educational) 70 (industrial and commercial)

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.-

Lrn,jro/lmenlal

\~---,--~ ~- -r-Equivalent Noise ''-'~~ World Bank ~ ~r. I Source/Location Level (L.~) dB(~.. Recommended Noise ~~J--~ ._Peak_--i_Avera~J Levels (Leq) dB(A)

~_5 SuperChowkLodhran 82.1 1~50 i ....

(Tests Performed and Reported by: SGS Laboratory)

4.3.5 Ground and Surface Water

Since the Project road is a new alignment passing through the agricultural fields, there is no major canal and river located in its immediate vicinity. However, it crosses number of small water bodies, i.e. distributaries and water courses.

Khanewal area is irrigated by the canals originating from the Chenab and Jhelum Rivers. Tubewells are also used for irrigation. There are no issues of waterlogging in these districts. However, the underground water in Dunyapur Tehsil is brackish in taste.

In order to evaluate the water quality, groundwater samples were collected from five locations at various depths. Table 4.4 shows the groundwater analysis and Table 4.5 presents the surface water analysis.

Table 4.4 Groundwater Quality Analysis

Above Table 4.4. shows that Turbidity in the groundwater sample taken from Multan road, Dakota road and Super Chowk Lodhran exceeds the WHO Guideline value. Similarly the groundwater near Shamkot railway station and Super Chowk Lodhran contains large numbers of Total Coli forms and Total

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--

Environmenlaiimpac/ ;Jssessmenl of Khanell'ai-Lodhran Expressll'ay (E-5)

Colony Count. Water sample taken from Dunyapur contains higher amounts of Chlorides, Nitrites, Sodium, TDS, Turbidity and Total Colony Count.

Table 4.5 presents sources of surface water samples and the water quality testing results. These values will serve as baseline to compare water quality conditions during the construction and the operation stages of the proposed Project. The detailed laboratory test results of the environmental monitoring (water, air and noise) are attached as Annexure-4.2

Sr. Parameter No.

1 pH 2 BODs 3 COD 4 TSS 5 TDS 6 Chlorides 7 Fluoride 8 DO 9 Conductivit

Y 10 Nitrates 11 Nitrites 12 Sodium 13 Taste 14 Odour 15 Total

Alkalinity 16 Colour 17 Turbiditv 18 Hardness

Table 4.5 Surface Water Analysis

Location of Sampling Distributary (3 Km from

Stream Unit Super

12L Bari Doab

Chowk (near (Sub Lodhran Canal) towards Dunyapur)

Bahawalpur) mg/l 8.26 7.91 8.18 mg/l 4.5 9 4 mq/l 9 22 11 mg/l 15 139 102.5 mg/l 435 390 272.5 mq/l 66.7 66.7 18.7 mg/l 0.16 0.04 0.07 mg/l 7.2 8.4 8.6 IJS 653 616 352

mg/l 5.20 6.80 5 mq/l 1.2 1.7 2.1 mg/l 56 359 12

- Tasteless Tasteless Tasteless - Odourless Odourless Odourless

mg/l 134.6 136.7 128

- Turbid Turbid Turbid NTU 4 89 71 mg/l 138.2 157 136.3

(Tests Performed and Reported by: SGS Laboratory)

4.3.6 Seismicity

According to the seismic zone map of Pakistan, the Project area lies in Zone 2A of Modified Mercalli (M.M.) intensity scale, i.e. negligible damage as given in Figure. 4.2.

4.3.7 Agriculture and cropping pattern

The proposed project area is very rich in agricultural productivity and land fertility. Major Kharif cash crop is cotton and these districts contribute a lot in earning foreign exchange through export of cotton products. Principal Rabi and Kharif crops are shown in Table 4.6.

4-6

J 1

N .;

A

I Pr~j~~tA~~~1

rPri*-

I FIGURE 4.2: S;i;l"I1i~M;pJ

I 1 j

SEISMIC ZONING MAP OF PAKIS TAN

Seismic Zones

Zone 1

Zone

Zone

Lont;; 3

Zone 4

• C IDes

r<'f er'.iicgec'e": ~j t'l S rlac "'!'e' Fgs 2;> I() 2 :,

~~~~"""~~~~~~~I"

1

Environmental

Table 4.6 Cropping Pattern in Khanewal and Lodhran Districts

~. ~-:at, B~~'~~ ~~~::, ~roP=+::;':~:=~~o~~~on~- ·3J•

, Mustard, Toria .. __ .. ___ ~ inflclll\l"r, sugarca~ __ .. SOurce: Agricuhure Extension Departments (Khanewal and Lodhran Districts)

Table 4.7 presents the per acre yield of the main crops grown in the Project Area i-e both in Rabi and Kharif seasons.

4.3.8 Industrial and commercial activities

There are no industrial and commercial activities in the PrOject Area as the whole Project area is located in the villages/agricultural fields. However, some industries (like cotton ginning, oil, ice etc.) and brick kilns are located in the vicinity of N-5A Highway. Some crop storage depots are also located along the roadside of N-5A.

4.4 Ecological Resources

4.4.1 Flora

Agriculture crops and mango orchards are the main feature of the area of proposed project Historically, this tract was under the Tropical Thorn Forest and Tropical Sandy Thorn Forest, which has been cleared after the introduction of irrigation system in the Indus Flood Plains. Major crops grown in the area include wheat, oilseeds and fodder during winter, and cotlon, sugarcane and fodder during summer. Vegetables are grown near the towns. Mango orchards are grown predominantly in the Project Area. Sporadic citrus orchards are also present Tree plantation campaigns have motivated the farmers to grow trees along the field borders, along the orchards and along the water channels. A total of 4,635 forest trees were found to be growing in the RoW. Kikar (Acacia nilotica) is the main species. Other species growing in the area are Eucalypts (Eucalyptus camaldulensis), which is an exotic species; Shisham (Dalbergia sissoo), Semul (Bombax ceiba) , Bakain / Dharek (Melia Azedarac), Jaman (Syzigium cumim) , Sukh chain (Pongamia glabra) , Mulberry (Morus alba), Beri (Ziziphus mauritiana) and Khajoor (Phoenix dactylifera). A total of 254 non-fruit trees and 317 fruit trees were found within the houses boundaries during the project survey. Therefore a total of 5,206 trees will be fetled due to the implementation of the proposed Project.

4-8

Roadside plantations running parallel or across the Project Area include Kikar, Farash (Tamarix aphylla) , Eucalyptus and occasional ornamentals, Bohr (Ficus bengalensis) , Neem (Azadiracta indica), Siris, Ber and Bakain are commonly planted at the farm houses, Natural vegetation including Karir (Capparis aphyl/a), Aak (Calotropis procera) , Kana (Saccharum bengalensis), Khabbal (Cynodon dactylon) , Lamb (Aristida depressa), Gorkha (Lasiurus sindicus) is present only in the graveyards or at open areas along the eXisting roads and distributaries, Mesquit (Prosopis glandu/osa) has invaded many open areas. Koondar (Typha angustata) grows along water ponds and wet places, Few of the above mentioned species has medicinal value like Neem and Ber. (Source: EIA Survey), There is no endangered or threatened species found in this area,

4.4.2 Fauna

(i) Mammals: Naturally occurring mammals have also been eradicated with the removal of natural Tropical Thorn Forests: only the species associated with agricultural crops remained in the area, Jackal (Canis aureus) , Mongoose (Herpestes edwardsi and H. javanicus), Jungle cat (Felis cha us) , Hedgehog (Hemiechinus collaris) and Five-striped Palm squirrel (Funambulus pennantil) commonly occur. Porcupine (Hystrix indica) also occurs in the area, Small mammals including Bandicoot or Indian mole rat (Bandicota benga/ensis), Soft furred rat (Mi/lardia me/tada) , Field mouse (Mus musculus), Indian gerbil (Tatem indica), and House shrew (Suncus murinus) are the common pests of agricultural crops,

Domestic livestock include buffalo, cattle, goats and sheep, Donkeys are kept to pull carts in the area. Some farmers are also engaged in horse breeding. Camel may be found occasionally, Livestock are mainly farm fed. Goats and sheep herds may be raised by feeding on wastelands,

(ii) Birds: Because of intensive agriculture, pestiCide use is a common practice, This has impacted the bird populations adversely, Black and Grey partridges (Francolin us francolinus and F pondicerianus), are the worst hit as they are also hunted and captured to be kept as pets, They need to be protected since they are affected by the spraying of pesticides, Bird species known to occur in the area are: Cattle egret (Bubu/cus ibis), Pond Heron (Ardeo/a gray;i) , Common and Bank myna (Acridotheres tristis and A. g;nginianus). Red vented bulbul (Pycnonotus cafer), Jungle babbler (Turdoides striatus). Blyth's reed warbler (Acrocepha/us dumetorum), Indian great reed warbler (A. stentoreus), Black kite (Mi/vus migrans). Black shouldered kite (E/anus caeru/eus), Koel (Eudynamys sc%pacea), Black drongo or King crow (Dicrurus macrocercus) Common crow (Corvus sp/endens). and house sparrow (Passer domesticus). Common quails (Cotumix cotumix) visit the area on their spring and winter migration,

(iii) Reptiles: Cobra (Naja naja naja). Saw scale viper (Echinus carinatus), Du-muhi (Eryx johnii) and Striped keelback (Amphiesma sto/atum) are known to occur in the area, House gecho (Hemidacty/us brookl) is common. Common tree lizard (Calotes versicolor versicolor) may also occur in orchards, Monitor Lizard (Varanus bengalensis) and Fat tailed lizard (Uromastix hardwickil) occur in open areas. Two species of fresh water turtles viz., Indian soft-shell (Aspideretes gangeticus), and Indian flapshell (Lissemys punctata andersonf) have been reported. They are usually present near the ponds, canals and in the fields during the wet season.

4-9

(iv) Amphibians: Three species of amphibians have been found; Bullfrog (Hoplobatrachus tigerinus) , Pahari tidda maindak (Fejervarya limnocharis) and Indus valley toad (Bufo stomaticus).

4.4.3 Protected Areas

There is no site present in the area of proposed development which is listed in the notified list of protected areas by the Federal Government or Government of Punjab. Although, 506ha area of Khanewal Irrigated Forest Plantation is located along the existing Lahore-Khanewal Highway near Chak 84 R, Pirowal (30/21 N. 72102 E.), which was notified as Game Reserve in 1978 but latter classified as Wildlife Sanctuary. Shisham (Dalbergia sissoo) and Safaida (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) trees are grown as commercial wood. Black and grey partridges, song birds, birds of prey, Wild boar, Jackal, Wild cat, hare, Mongoose and Porcupine are the common inhabitants. Cobra, Viper, Krait and Coluberids snakes are also found here. Although hunting is not allowed in this Wildlife Sanctuary but poaching is common. The proposed development is not expected to affect this wildlife sanctuary in any significant manner due to considerable distance. The existing highway N-5 (Lahore-Multan Section) also acts as a barrier and effectively restricts the movement of wild animals out of this irrigated forest plantation. There is no wetland located in the area of proposed project.

4.4.4 Endangered Species

There is no protected or endangered species in the Vicinity of the area of proposed development as confirmed by Punjab Wildlife Department.

4,4.5 Sites of Archaeological and Cultural Heritage

In Pakistan at present there are 387 notified sites which are covered by Federal Antiquities Act, 1975. In addition Punjab government has some 200 notified sites. None of these sites is located in the area of proposed development. The Antiquities Act, 1975 provides for development 200 feet away from a protected archaeological site or monument.

4.5 Socio-Economic Environment

The Expressway passes through rural areas of districts Khanewal, Vehari and Lodhran of the Punjab province. The socia-cultural conditions of all districts are almost the same. Most people living in the surrounding villages are Punjabispeaking farmers. In some area, Saraiki is also spoken. In almost all areas dress pattern is same, Sha/war kameez and dothi kurta are the common dresses of males and females respectively. Young males also wear trousers and shirts. People belong to different castes but due to some inter-caste marriages, these castes have intermingled and losing its heterogeneous identity. The tribal system is no longer a dominating factor of social organization, which has culminated in a common culture. Most of the people are engaged in agriculture or agro based businesses.

4.5.1 Demographic Profile (based on the 1998 Census Report)

The total population of the Project affected districts is as follows:

(a) Khanewal: Total population of the district is 2,068,493 with a growth rate of 2.4%. The women/men ratio is 108 percent. 82.4% of the population

4-10

EfIl'il'onmelJlal

resides in rural areas while 17.6% resides in urban areas. Average household size was 7.0.

(b) Vehari: Total population is 2,090,416 with a growth rate of 2.7%. The women/men ratio is 108 percent. 84% population resides in rural areas and 16% lived in urban areas. Average household size is 6.9.

(e) Lodhran: Total population is 1,171,800 with a growth rate of 2.7%. The women/men ratio is 108. 85.5% of population resides in rural areas while 14.5% lives in urban areas. Average household size was 7.2.

4.5.2 Settlement Patterns

Expressway starts from end point of E-4 at N-5, near Shamkot and ends at Lodhran by-pass. In I<hanewal tehsils people live in villages and a few people live in farm houses (Bhanis, Deras), thus houses or civic structures falling within the RoW are not in the form of compact blocks of houses.

4.5.3 Indigenous People

According to the World Bank (WB) Policy prepared for the purpose of protecting the Indigenous People under which the term Indigenous People is used in a generic sense to refer to distinct vulnerable, social and cultural groups possessing the following characteristics in varying degrees as; (a) self identification as members of a distinct indigenous cultural group and recognition of the identity by others; (b) collective attachment to geographically distinct habitats or ancestral territory in the project area and to the natural resources in these habitats and territories; (c) customary cultural, economic, social or political institutions that are separate from those of the dominant society and culture; and (d) indigenous language often different from the official language of the country or region.

To observe and assess the affected population and socioeconomic characteristics of the people of the Project Area, 100% focus census of the affectees and socioeconomic survey was conducted. After conducting the survey, the entire data was analyzed and it was observed that there is no populationl community identified applicable to the above mentioned characteristics of the Indigenous People residing in the RoW or in the adjacent areas, hence, it is concluded that no indigenous people are involved or affected in any way due to this Project. As such the WB policy on Indigenous people will not be applicable to this project.

4.5.4 Caste System

Project Area lies in rural areas of the Punjab and it passes through three main districts Khanewal, Vehari and Lodhran. Major castes in Khanewal district are dahas, khaggas, syeds, hirajs, sials, maitlas, whynes, qureshi and bodhlas. Arien, Khichi, daultana, khakwani, ja\, gujjar, dogar and rajput are common in Vehari district. In Lodhran awan, arien, kanju, joya, baloch and pathans are common (Table 4.8).

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4.5.5

4.6

Table 4.8 Different Castes in Respective Tehsils

~~r~N~ Te~sils~ _~~~-~~castes-~-~-~ -~--l

I Wahlas, Whynes, Qureshi, and Bodlas

I 2 I Vehari !Arien, Khichhl, DaultaniKhakwani, Jat, Gujar,

l.-l I Dogar, Rajput I L~_3 ILodhran lAwa~_Ari~n, J~Ka-njU, J~ya,BaIOch,pa~han_;

Religion

The majority of population of the Project Area is Muslim. Cultural festivals are mostly related with religious traditional events. The visit to shrines (termed as Ziarat) is very common among people. Only minority identified are Christians with a population of less than one (1) percent of the entire Project Area.

Census and Socio-Economic Survey

The census and socia-economic survey was conducted in January-February and August 2007 through different techniques and methodologies and is derived from primary and secondary sources. Primary data were collected through following data collection tools: (i) village profiles; (Ii) household census survey; (iii) survey of all commercial structures; (iv) socia-economic survey; and (v) gender survey. Household survey and commercial survey forms were filled by all households/commercial units within the RoW.

Respondents belonged to all walks of life and included resident affectees, passengers, community leaders, key influential persons, women, farmers and all possible stakeholders. The census focused on all affectees whose houses and business structures are to be relocated by the Project These people were also interviewed regarding potential problems related to the construction of the Expressway. Beside this focus group sessions were also carried out in the villages adjacent to the RoW to know the view point of the general public.

Secondary information was gathered from all available documents Le. (District Population Census Reports 1998 of relevant districts, Design utility folders, from the design Engineering consultants and World Bank Guidelines for Involuntary Resettlement Meetings were held with the officials of revenue department, agricultural and irrigation department; feed back of all these meetings has also been kept in view for this study. A photographical profile is attached as Annexure-4.3.

4.7 Methodology

4.7.1 Socio-economic Assessment

A sample survey was carried out in February and August 2007 of the affected population settled within the RoW of the project corridor. A sample of 600 respondents was taken on the basis of random sampling technique. Out of the total respondents, 300 were males and 300 were female. The purpose of this

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"",.

survey was to establish baseline to identify impacts and propose mitigation measures.

4.7.2 Survey Components

The survey conducted includes the following major components;

• • • • • • • • •

Demographic characteristics Education and literacy levels Nature of occupations and sources of income Income levels Household expenditure patterns Access to social amenities Situation analysis of women Housing characteristics and amenities Perceptions and protective measures suggested about the project

4.7.3 Census of Project Affected Persons (PAPs)

1 00% population settled within the RoW was surveyed as part of the census carried out for the population to be displaced. The purpose of the census was to register and document the number and status of PAPs likely to be physically displaced as result of project implementation. This documentation will facilitate the process of compensation, resettlement and rehabilitation under the resettlement policy framework.

4.7.4 Census Components

The following parameters were documented as part of the census

• Number of PAPs settled in the RoW • Nature of business/ occupations • Type and value of structures and assets owned • Replacement cost of structures/assets • Ownership documentation • Annual total income • Vulnerable groups • Alternate arrangements for resettlement

4.7.5 Data Collection Tools for Sample Survey and Census

Various structured tools were used to get information regarding above mentioned variables. Following various level surveys were conducted;

i. Census of the affected households ii. Survey of commercial structures iii. Socioeconomic Survey iv. Gender situation survey v. Village profile

Pre-tested structured tools consisting of open ended and close ended questions were used for conducting these surveys. Data was analysed and following main features were observed after the study.

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Environmental

4.8 Socia-Economic Characteristics

Proposed Khanewal-Lodhran Expressway starts from end point of E-4 at LahoreMultan Road (N-5) and passes from the villages located in Khanewal, Vehari and Lodhran Districts.

The demographic profiles of various Tehsils falling within the Project Area are as follows:

(a) Khanewal Tehsil

Total population of the Tehsil was 542,602 with a growth rate of 2.56% as recorded in 1998 census. Population composition was 107.7 males compared to 100 females. Only 27.9% of the population resided in urban areas and 72.1% lived in rural areas. Average household size was 7.3 (Source OCR, Khanewal 1998).

(b) Jehanian Tehsil

Jehanian is a Tehsil of Khanewal District. This tehsil had a population of 249,574 with a growth rate of 2.50%, as recorded in 1998 census. Population composition was 106.5 males compared to 100 females. Only 10% population resided in urban areas and 90% lived in rural areas. Average household size was 7.1 (Source: OCR, Khanewal1998).

(c) Mailsi Tehsil

Mailsi is a Tehsil of Vehari District, which is also coming in the Project Area. Mailsi had a population of 704,878 with a growth rate of 2.78% as recorded in 1998 census. Population composition was 107.8 males compared to 100 females. Only 12.6% of population resided in urban areas, whereas 87.4% of population lived in rural areas. Average household size was 7.0 (Source: OCR, Vehari 1998).

(d) Dunyapur Tehsil

(e)

Dunyapur is a Tehsil of Lodhran District. It had a population of 338,080 with a growth rate of 2.53% as recorded in 1998 census. Population composition was 106 males compared to 100 females. Only 8.7% of population resided in urban areas, whereas 91.3% of population lived in rural areas. Average household size was 7.4 (Source: OCR, Lodhran 1998).

Lodhran Tehsil

Total population of this tehsil was 472,188 with a growth rate of 3.06% as recorded in 1998 census. Population composition was 109.1 males compared to 100 females. 86.1 % of population resided in rural areas and just 13.9% lived in urban areas. Average household size was 7.2. Gender composition of various tehsils of project area is given as per Table 4.9 (Source: OCR, Lodhran 1998).

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4.8.1 Survey Areas

The socio-economic assessment, sample survey and meetings were held in Moza Shamkot. Moza Nanakpur, 110/1 O-R, chak 115/1 O-R, chak 83/10-R, chak 87/10-R. chak 90/10-R, 109/10-R, 158/10-R, 186/10-R. 105/10-R, 3211W.B. 3251W.B, 106/10-R, 88/10-R, 161/10-R, 25-m, 24-m, 27-m, 28-m. 29-m, addah Mehar shah, Jinnah Colony Dunyapur. Dunyapur bus Stop, Qutubpur. Jalla Wali Basti, Lodhran etc. Administrative jurisdiction of the surveyed villages is shown in Table 4.10.

Table 4.10 Administrative Jurisdiction of the Surveyed Areas

District Tehsil Villages

Khanewal Khanewal 84/10-R. 8S/10-R, 166/10-R, 167i10-R.

168/10-R. 83/1O-R, 87/10-R, 90/10-R .. -

IJehanian 109/10-R, 1S8!10-R, 186110-R,10SI10-R

106/10-R, 88/10-R, 161f10-R, .. _._-

Vehari Mails! 321M/.B,325M/.B --

Lodhran Dunyapur 29-M, 24-M, 25-M, 27-M, 28-M Jinnal;i Colony, Dunyapur chowk~Qutubpur --

Lodhran Bast! Jalla WaH, Lodhran Super chowk --

Efforts were made to consult people from all localities along the entire stretch of the proposed Expressway. The people contacted in the sample survey areas include direct and indirect affectees as an overall population living in the vicinity of the project area for social and resettlement related impact assessment. Detailed analysis of the data colle ted during sample survey is given in the following sections.

4.8.2 Baseline Information

A} Demographic Profile

Demographic profile includes the gender ratio of the sample studied. age group, marital status, caste and mother language of the respondents.

I) Gender Ratio of the Respondents

Sample survey shows that total 600 respondents were contacted comprising of 300 respondents males and 300 females each.

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_________ E~m~,ir_o_nm_e_I1_la~/_lm_'_p_a_cl_Assessmel1l of Khanewal-Lodhran Expressway (£-5)

II) Age Group of the Male Respondents

Based on the sample survey it was observed that 25% respondents were between the age group of 15-25, 28% were between age group of 26-35, and 17%, 13% and 17% respondents fall between the age group of 36-45, 46-55 and 56 & above respectively, These age brackets of the respondents show that the people contacted were mature enough to give some understandings about the proposed Expressway (Table 4,11), "

Table 4.11 Age Group of the Respondents

I SSr, ~ Nlo. I" I Respondents I,

h~ Age • . 1 ' 15-25 = No. of

Respondents 75

• 1

I Percentage I . .

25 I 26-35 85

1

28 2 I ! 3 36-45 -----r- 50 17 1

4 46-55 I 40 13

C 5 56 & above I 50 17 Total ~-~~,- 100

III) Marital Status of the Respondents

Out of total, 60% respondents were married and 40% were unmarried (Sample Survey Table 4.12).

Table 4.12 Marital Status of the Respondents

! Sr. No. Marital Status I Number I percentag~ 1 Married ! 180' 60, i

---::2:---'-I7'UC=n::":-m'-'=ar'-ri:-e-;d--r 120j 40-

Total 300: 100

IV) Caste

Out of total 300 respondents, 25% are Jat, 20% are Arraien, 16% are Rajput, 8% are Khokhars, 10% are Khawajas and 5% are dogars. There are also some other castes which are minor in number Le. Kamboh, Malik, Syed, Pathan & Mughal (6%, 4%, 2%, 2% and 2% each), Sample survey Table 4,13 shows the detail break-up of various caste groups in the Project Area.

Table 4.13 Caste of the Respondents

'Sr. No. i Caste No. of Respondentillercentage I 1 • Jat 74. 25 I

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Environmenlallmpacl Assessment of Khanewal-Lodhran Expressway (E-5)

Sr. No. Caste No. of Respondents : Percentage 2 Arrian 60 i 20 3 : Rajput 48

I 16 ~

4 i Khokhar 23 8 i 5 . Khawaja 29 I 10 6 Dogar 16 5

.. ~

7 Kamboh 19 6 i 8 I Malik 12 4

9 I Syed 7 2 10 Pathan 6 2 11 Mughal 6 2 I

i Total 300 100

V) Mother Language

Based on the sample survey, it was observed that Punjabi is the language being spoken by majority of the population of the Project Area. During the survey, it was found that 62% of the respondents use Punjabi as their mother language while 34% respondents speak Siraiki for talking with their parents during routine hours. There were only 4% respondents using Urdu as their mother language as shown in Table 4.14.

Table 4.14 Language of the Respondents

:. Sr. No. \ Language

1 . PLJr1jElccbc-i __ -+ __ -'--=-=-__ -'-_--"=--_~---j 2 ! Siraiki 3 I Urdu

Total

8) Quality of Life

I) Educational Status

Based on the 'sample survey, it was found that basic level educational facilities both for males & females are available in the villages located along the proposed Expressway. But these facilities are not sufficient to meet the educational requirements of the people of the Project Area. From the survey results, it was found that 42% of the respondents were illiterate, 17% were educated upto primary level, 9% were upto middle level, 11 % upto matric level, only 13% were educated upto intermediate level. Small percentage i.e. 8% includes those respondents which were educated upto more than intermediate level. Table 4.15 shows the educational status of the respondents. Table 4.16 shows the various level educational facilities available in the settlements situated along the proposed Expressway.

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Environmental Impact Assessment of Khanewal-Lodhran Expressway (E-5)

Table 4.15 Educational Status of the Respondents

Sr. No. Educational Level Number Percentajte 1 Illiterate 125 42 2 Primary 51 17 3 Middle 27 9 4 Matric 33 11 5 Intermediate 40 13 6 Above Intermediate 24 8

Total 300 100

Table 4.16 Educational Facilities along the Project Route

District Tehsil Chak No. Educational Facility Available

Khanewal Khanewal 84/10-R Primary school for girls & boys

85/10-R Primary school for girls & boys


87/10-R Primary school for girls, Middle

school for boys

168/10-R High school both for girls & boys

166/10-R High school for girls, middle

school for boys

167/10-R High school for girls, middle

school for boys






106/10-R Primary school for girls, Middle

school for boys


115/10-R No educational facility available

88/10-R Primary school for girls only

161/10-R No educational facility available

Chak 29-m No educational facility available


Chak 24-m High school both for girls & boys



Chak 337-WB No educational facility available

Basti Jalla Wali No educational facility available

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EnvironmeniallmpaCI Assessment of Khanewaf-Lodhran Expressway (E-5)

District Tehsil Chak No. Educational Facility Available

Basti Rasheedabad No educational facility available

• Jinnah Colony No educational facility available

II) Average Landholdings

III)

Based on the census survey of the affected landowners, it is observed that average landholdings of the affected families are small. Table 4.17 shows the landholdings status of the affected families. From the Table it can be observed that out of the total 709 affected families, 10.3% families have their landholding upto 2 acres, 12.8% have between 2 - 4 acres, 19% families have between 4 - 6 acres, 17.1% families have between 6 - 10 acres and 40.8% families have their landholding more than 10 acres.

Table 4.17 Average Landholdings of the Affected Families

Sr. Landholding I Frequency

Percentage No (No. of AFs) .. _. .-

1 Upto 2 acres 73 10.3

2 >2 - 4 acres 91 12.8

3 >4 - 6 acres 135 19.0

4 >6 - 10 acres 121 17.1 ~ ....... -. ,. _ ..

5 >10 acres 289 40.8 Total 709 100

Professional Status

Majority of the respondents i.e. 55% were associated with the agriculture, 12% respondents were doing government jobs for earning their livelihoods, 11 % were shopkeepers, 7% were labourers. 6% were teachers, 5% and 4% were businessmen and drivers respectively. During survey, efforts were made to interact with people representing all walks of life. The detailed statistics based on sample survey, regarding occupational status of the respondents are presented in Table 4.18.

Table 4.18 Professional Status of the Respondents

Sr. No. Professional No. of

Percentage Status Respondents 1 I Agriculture 165 55 2 I Government Job 37 12 3 I Shopkeepers 32 11 4 Labour 21 7 .. _ ...

5 i Teachers 18 6 6 I Businessmen 15 5

J Drivers .. _.

7 12 4 Total 300 100

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EnvironmeniallmpactAssessment o[Khanewal-Lodhran Expressway (E-5)

From the survey it was observed, that majority of the population of the Project area is linked with agriculture and average landholdings of the people are small. The people have developed their other sources of income to meet their needs in addition to the agriculture. This shows the less dependency of the affected population on the agriculture resource. However, in case of large landholdings people are more dependent on the agriculture but in linear projects affected land is insignificant because land acquisition is involved within the RoW only, which is very small fraction of their total landholding.

IV) Monthly Income

Out of total 300 respondents, 37% were earning less than 5000, 33% respondents fall within the income range of 5,000 - 10,000, 20% & 6% respondents were earning between the income group of 10,000 - 15,000 & 15,000 - 20,000 respectively. Only 4% respondents were those whose income level was above 20,000. Table 4.19 presents income status of the respondents.

Table 4.19 Income Level of the Respondents

I Sr. No. Income Level No. of Respondents Percentage I 1 less than 5,000 110 37 I 2 5,000 - 10,000 • 99 33 I 3 10,000 ~ 15,00O~ 59 20

i I

4 115,000 - 20,000 18 6 5 14 4 20,000 & above

Total 300 J 100

V) Family System

After the sample survey, it was found that majority of the population i.e. 70% were living in joint family system while thirty percent (30%) were living separately after their marriages. Table 4.20 shows the family system prevailing in the Project Area.

Table 4.20 Family System of the Respondents

IRes~~~~~nts I Percentage I

=1~~_29~=+"" '. ~~ I ~-=--~==~=========~.=~",~=~3~0~0=====±= 100

VI) Marriage System

Table 4.21 shows the trend of marriage system prevailing in the Project Area. 67% responded that they also marry outside their respective caste.sftribes while 33% respondents were strict to marry within the people their own caste group.

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___________ E_"_vi_rOllmentallmpacr Assessment of Khanewal-Lodhran Expressway (E-5)

Table 4.21 Trend of Marriage System

... __ ... , Sr. No. I Marriage System No. of Respondents I Percentage •

1 I Exogamy 200 I 67

2 • Endogamy 100 i 33

L I

Total I 300 I 100

VII) Ownership Status of the House

Based on the sample survey results, ownership status of the respondents is depicted in Table 4.22. It shows that seventy four percent (74%) respondents were residing in self owned houses and twenty four percent (26%) were living free on landlord's properties. There was no case identified in which respondents live in rented or relatives' houses.

Table 4.22 Ownership Status of the House of the Respondents

i Sr. No.1 Status of House -r No. of %age Respondents

1 i Self owned 222 74 2 Rented I - -..

3 Free on landlord prot:!ertl' 78 26 4 Relative house I - -

Total I 300 100

VIII) Construction Type of the Houses

IX)

Table 4.23 shows the construction type of the houses of the respondents. Houses of the sixty six (66%) respondents were pacca, 25% houses were of semi-pacca type and only nine percent (9%) houses were kacha.

Table 4.23 Construction Type of the Houses

f-I S=c:..:r . ...,:.N..:..:o:.;:.-t-::"JP::..:e=-=.of.:..=C.;;;..;;onstruction ......-No. of Respondents I %age 1 Pacca 199' 66 I

2 Semi-pacca '--~~~~~~-=-7::C:5:~~~~~~~.LIr-_--=2-=--=-5':-_--= ~~3~-LIK:.;:a=c~h~a 26 9

_______ ~T~o~ta=I___--3~0~0------~I~10~0~

Vulnerable Population

Vulnerable population includes the very poor, widows and female headed households of the Project Area. During census of households and land ownership survey, efforts were made to identify the vulnerable families from the affectees. Families below the poverty line (subsistence level income i. e RS.60001 month) were considered the vulnerable families. Table 4.24 shows the

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detail of the vulnerable population identified during the field studies. There are 92 vulnerable affectees due to land acquisition and 28 vulnerable affectees due to relocation of houses. There was no female headed family identified during the survey.

~r:No.

C) Social Amenities

Table 4.24 Vulnerable Affectees

I) Facilities Available in the Houses

The situation of facilities available at the house of the respondents is depicted in Table 4.25. It shows that out of total, 271 of the respondents had the facility of electricity available at their houses, 102 respondents had telephone facility available while 7 respondents had water supply available at their houses. Twenty five (25) respondents are those who had no above facility available in their houses.

Table 4.25 Facilities Available at House

III Source of Water for Domestic Use

Table 4.26 shows the source of water for domestic usage. Majority of the respondents i.e. 98% were using handpump as source of water for their domestic usage. Only 2% respondents had public water supply and open surface well for domestic use. There was no case identified in which respondents were using canal water for their daily use.

Table 4.26 Source of Water for Domestic Use

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EnvlronmenlallmpaCI Assessment afKhanewal-Lodhran Expressway (E-5) . ..

Sr. No. Source of Water No. of

I %:ge I Respondents 2 Public water supply 3 3 i Well 1 ... __ ..

0) Agriculture

I) Source of Water for Agriculture Use

Table 4.27 shows that 57% respondents were using canal water for cultivation purpose. 23%' respondents were using tubewells along with canal water for agriculture. The Project Area consists of canal irrigated land, so, no case was identified in which respondents were using rain water (rainfed cultivation) for cUltivation of their lands. Twenty percent (20 %) respondents did not own any landllandless.

Table 4.27 Source of Water for Agriculture Use

I Sr. No. 1-Source of Water .-~~"".-----.. ---. --.. -

• No. of Respondents %age i

t 1 Canals I 172 57 2 Canal &Tubewell I 69 23 3 Rain Water ! - i --4 • No landllandless 59 20

[ ____ T"""o'-ta=.I. _____ -'--_ 300 .--J 100

II) Type of land

III)

Sample survey shows that out of total 300 male respondents, 72% respondents had their land which is fully cultivable, 7% had fully or partially un-cultivated land whereas 21 % respondents were landless, Table 4.28 shows the type of land under cultivation.

--I Sr. No.

~ .. 1 2 3

[

Table 4.28 Types of land

Type of land I No. of Resj:)ondents Cultivated land I 217 Un-cultivated land 21

, No land ==T 62 Total 300 -

Status of Cultivation

' .. %agei 72

7

2[j 100

Table 4.29 shows the cultivation status of the people of the Project Area. Among the total 300 male respondents, 74% were owners of the land who were cultivators. 11% and 2% were tenants and owner-cum-tenants respectively. Thirteen percent (13%) respondents were landless and they are relying on other sources of income for their livelihoods.

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Environmental Impact Assessmenl of Khanewal-Lodhran Expressway (E-5)

Sr. No. 1 2 3 4

Table 4.29 Cultivation Status

• Cultivation Status No. of Res~ondents Owner 223 .. ~ .. -~ ..

Tenant 32 Owner-cum-tenant 6 No land 39

Total 300

I %age I i 74

I I

11 2 13

I 100 I

4.9 Culture and Tradition

4.10

The food of the inhabitants is very simple. Maize, wheat and rice are main staple food in the Project Area, The use of desi ghee (butter, fat) and lassi (yogurt product) is very popular in the rural area. Milk is also available in sufficient quantity. The people of the area are fond of meat especially various forms of beef. The use of ornaments among the females is also common. The females decorate themselves with ear-ring and bangles.

Gender Issues and Analysis

Gender analysis is studied and analyzed to assess the differences in social roles between females and males, the constraints faced by the females in gaining access to various activities and participating in development activities. The female population in Pakistan according to 1998, census report, is around 48% of the total population. In view of this, the gender issues assume special focus and need to be properly addressed and evaluated. The females were interviewed by the resource persons and trained female staff of the Project.

4.10.1 Educational Status and Facilities

Based on the female sample survey, the status of the female education is shown in table 4.30. The table shows that 57% of the female respondents were illiterate. Maximum education level is primary about 18%. 8% females reach the level of graduationl post graduation. From the data given in the table, it can be observed that educational level among females is lower due to non availability of educational facility and some other socio-cultural constraints.

Table 4.30 Level of Women Education

Educational Level

• Intermediate I Bachelorl Post Graduate I

Total • ----- .. --~ .. --...

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_________ Environmenta! Impact Assessment of Khanewal-Lodhran Expressway (E-5)

4.10.2 Marital Status of the Respondents

The sample survey showed that (Table 4.31), out of total 300 respondents 87% were married and 13% were unmarried.

Table 4.31 Marital Status of the Respondents

! Sr. No. I. MaritalStatus I Number I Percentage I

l i i :~;:~;ed I ~'-J- :~- 1 , Total • 300. 100 . __ .-'_. ..~

4.10.3 Occupational Status

About 271 females i.e. 90% of the female respondents in the surveyed villages are housewives, looking after the household and children. 10% of the female respondents were identified to be working women contributing in household income as shown in Table 4.32.

Table 4.32 Women Occupations

4.10.4 Power of Spending the Money

Out of total 29 working women, 66% have full power to spend the money they earn according to their needs and priorities while 34% did not have any power to spend the money. They have less contribution in the household decision making in various matters (Sample survey Table 4.33).

Table 4.33 Power of Spending the Money

I Sr. No. I Status~ NumbeQ Percentage] 'IL.. "-'-'-1'-'-'-'--"1 ~y:"-:-"e=s~"-_-_-. __ -+-[_--:-19::;- ~ 66 ... -J

C ._:~~,-,~,-,-ta,,-,I __ ~~_~.~.. ~- 1301_1

4.10.5 Women Working in the Agricultural Fields

Out of total 271 household women, 70% were working in the agriculture fields supporting the male members of their families in the farming activities and remaining 30% were confined to household activities only (Sample survey Table 4.34).

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Table 4.34 Women Working in Agriculture Fields

L

I Status of Women TNUil1iler Percentag~ I Those who work in I I

II agriculture fields .. --;-:_-+1 __ ._19~_ ... _7_0 __ ~ I Those who do not work in . I agriculture fields 80 30

pro No.

I 1

I 2

Total _26_5 __ ,--_1~0....cO.-----,

4.10.6 Sources of Water for Domestic Use

During the sample survey, the respondents were also asked about the water sources they were using for domestic usage, About 95% respondents were using hand pumps/electric motors as primary source of water. 5% respondents were availing the facility of public water supply as water source in their homes (Sample survey Table 4,35), None of the case was reported during sample survey in which respondents were using canal water or open wells as domestic water source,

Table 4.35 Source of Water for Domestic Use

@r. No. I Source of Wc...a'c:t:..;.e_r--:---ri No. of Respondent~_

I' Hand pump! electric 185 95 . motor

:==~2===:' ~P~U~bl~ic=w=a:t=e=r s=u:p:p=ly=~::::,-_-".-._-_--:1-=5~·-··-'" _-~_ -....:5~::::.-1

,-_-_-_..::!:~~~,;~:;ae~~'--Ia:-I w-a-tc-e::::'r -=--=--=---+:-.--.. "---"--'---'--'-'---+---1 0-0- - .. ~ '--____ T::...;o:.::;ta:.:.I ____ --'--.___ 300 __ --'--___ .. _. __ I

4.10.7 Awareness about the Proposed Project

About 60% female respondents were aware of the construction of the proposed Project while 40% respondents did not know any thing about the proposed developmental Project (Sample survey Table 4,36),

Table 4.36 Awareness about the Proposed Project

, ._-_ .. _,._-----.-- -'~ L~r. No. I Response,_J.!'l..~m~er ! Percentag_e_:

I 1 • Those who know I 181 I 60---J

1--, --=c2---+1 =T=hO~~'-=-~;t:~:n_'t_kn_o_w_i~r~ .. -+=-1~,,_J

4.10.8 Acceptability of the Proposed Project

After the sample survey it was observed that 57% female respondents favoured the construction of the proposed Expressway while remaining 43% did not favour the Project implementation (Sample survey Table 4,37),

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Environmental

Table 4.37 Acceptability of the Proposed Project

4.10.9 Pressing Needs of the Surveyed Villages

People residing along the alignment of the proposed Expressway and affectees whose land and houses are acquired for the construction of the Expressway wished to have some help from the Government for raiSing their quality of life. The facilities desired are presented in sample survey Table 4.38 in the order of priority. The four most preferred needs are upgrading of schools, metalled roads, hospital/dispensary and sui gas. (NHA can take up this matter with the relevant department i.e. health and education to strengthen their institutions/services in the vicinity of the Project Area. It will also enable the executing agency to take up the issues and its mitigation measures with the relevant departments/ agencies to improve or introduce projects related with the education, health and community development etc).

Table 4.38 Pressing Needs of the Surveyed Villages

r Pressing Needs of the surveyed--r;----.-T~----t--l , Sr. No. Villages I requency I ercen age !

f------+-~-, .. .-.--____t~.~ 1-----:-1 _-tI-cUJ.p .... gL-radi~ of School : 110.--+ 34 !

r---,:2_-+11. Mettled Road . I 71. I .~~. •

i-! _!=---+..\ =~~~~~~/DiSP~_._ - ... ----1.- . ~~ =r=.J~_=l _-::5_~ii_:T:..;e:..:.le=ph(meJPost Office . ______ ~.... 23 L~ __ L~

[ 6 l~o~~tlionaITrainill9.. i 31;3 I 1~OI L._--'---, ._ .... _. __ .~._._. __ ._._._. __ ._. ___ ._

4.10.10 Non-Governmental Organizations (NGO's)

In these districts and particularly in rural areas of these districts no international Non-Government Organization (NGO's) is operational. The NGO's working in these rural communities is Punjab Rural Support Programme (PRSP), National Rural Support Programme, Lodhran Pilot Project (LPP), Bahawalpur Rural Development Programme (BRDP), National Commission for Human Development (NCHD) and World Wild Funds, Pakistan (WWF, Pakistan). The main focus of these organizations is on sewerage, health & hygiene, education, micro financing and agriculture etc.

4.10.11 Perceptions about the Proposed Expressway

I) Perceived Impacts during Construction Stage

Based on the sample survey and informal meetings conducted with the direct and indirect affectees of the Project Area, Table 4.39 shows the various perceived impacts of the respondents during construction stage of

4-27

•

,-

the proposed Project Thirty five percent (35%) of the respondents think that with the construction of the proposed Project they will lose their fertile agricultural land. 16% respondent were of the view that construction activity at site will result in destroying the crops. Sixteen percent (16%) perceive that it will destroy their living houses. Nine percent (9%) thought that during construction heavy machinery will move at site which will result in disturbing the routine agricultural activities of the farmers. In seven percent (7%) cases, the respondents showed their serious concern that construction activity may also destroy the water courses irrigating their agricultural lands. 5% respondents showed their concern about dust and noise problem, 4% respondents expressed movement problem for the local people, where 3% viewed that the implementation of the proposed Project will create employment opportunities for the local communities. 5% respondents remained quiet about giving any response regarding impacts of this proposed Project during construction.'

Table 4.39 Impacts during Construction Stage

---::-,--~=--. ---'--'-'---'---"--' Sr. No. i PerceiveEJmpacts __ ._.~ J=reg uency %a~

71 35 1 . Los~2f fert~~~iculturalJC:lt1..c:L_._~~~2

i ~ t1;::~;~~rty - ~--~?4 1~, I 4 : ~~~e~~t~~~:~~t~~~~~~t~~~~~rs in 1_ 68 .~

29 -.1P ~~--~~-

lsi Destruction of water courses due to i 59 I 7 I

~.--i-movement of heavy machinery_.~_~.~_. I . __ ~ I 6 I Dust and Noise Problem i 39..+ 5 -i

7 : Movement problem for the local traffic .~ 24 +---~.....J 8 Employment opportunity for the local 31 aEl 4

~ __ ...;.' people I 9 INClJ:.~spons~ ___ ~_.____ I 39 5

... _._. Total ___ ~_-L __ J84*..!~ * Multiple Responses

II) Impacts during Operation Stage

At the operational stage, (Table 4.40), thirty three percent (33%) of the responses thought that construction of the proposed Expressway would result in bifurcation of their fertile agricultural land, which will disturb severely the livelihoods of the affected people. In twelve percent (12%) cases respondents considered the bifurcation of the local settlements as serious matter because it will create the accessibility problems for people to meet with each other. 10% respondents thought that during operation stage, the farmers will have to cover long distances to reach their agricultural land for CUltivation purpose. In 11 % & 7% cases responses were that implementation of the proposed Project will create irrigation problem for the farmers slue to realignment of water courses and access problem for the farmers to approach their agricultural land. 6% respondents perceived that its implementation will decrease the traveling time between Khanewal to Lodhran, 5% responded as enhancement of property value. 3% thought that uOinterrupted travel facility will be available between the two stations. Smooth flow of traffic, easy traveling

4-28

~ ___________ Errvironmentallmpact Assessment ofKhanewal-L~d!7.ran Expressway{E-S)

and lesser road accidents were in 3%, 3% and 3% cases respectively. In four percent (4%) cases, the respondents did not give any response.

Table 4.40 Impacts during Operation Stage

I~-~- r Impacts during ·Operationaf-i-No.-or-·r:;.-l I r. o. I $~e_: Respondents I -/oage : I 1~ Bifurcation of agricultural land I _...-129_~~~ i

iH· Bifurcati<>'rl..~J5Elttle_rr1Emts_ .. __ I_ . ..J3._1 __ -L.J..21 . 3 Farmers will cover long distances: 71 i 1~

to cross the E.><.eressway I. I I 4 Tlrrigation problem for farmers due 1--- 75 . 1~

____ --0:0 realignment of water courses. I _ 'I 5 \. Access problem for the farmers tq~52 : 7 :

__ ~roach their agriculturalJ9.nJL~.. ---L--r 6 I Decrease in travel time from 41 \ 6 '1-· _rJShan.E'\'J~L!Q.hQ.dhran ______ 1_· 'I-__ 2 ___ LE!lQ.cl!1C;E;!d_ property valuJ'l._'_-j_. __ 1Z____ . ....§

8 Uninterrupted travel facility will be, 21 I 3

, 9 ~~~:~owOft",ffi' --:=--l----~ 1-l..-1 I 10_ Ei:I§1'travelling ... _._...L ____ 19__ _ 3 : , 11 Lesser road accidents J-.-.1.~--+-H

12 N~espon_~ __ . ___ ._ j--~ .. -----t-An-1 _. __ . __ LI.<'ta~ __ ._._._._._.__ _200* __ ..-L_!~0_.-J

* Multiple Responses

III) Mitigation Measures Suggested by the Respondents

Table 4.41 shows the protective measures suggested by the respondents during the field survey. As evident from the Table that out of total 851 responses, 17% responses highlighted the need to provide proper compensation for the lost structures due to implementation of the proposed Expressway Project. 14% responses emphasized that compensation should be paid at market value of the assets. 11% considered that it is necessary to chalk out proper management plan for lesser damage to land and crops during construction of the proposed Expressway. 10% of the persons interviewed emphasized that criteria for compensation should be fair and transparent during implementation process. Eleven percent (11 %) considered the need to provide pedestrians crossings at necessary locations, Farmers with agricultural land on both sides of the Expressway should be· provided with water crossing channels for irrigation purposes was in 8% cases. 7% emphasized the need to minimize damage to the existing properties during construction along the road. Provision of interchanges at major crossings, timely completion of the proposed Project, and dust and noise control was in 7%, 6% and 5% cases respectively, while 4% provided no responsel suggestion,

4-29

_~. __ ._. _____ Environmental Impact Assessment ofKhanewal-Lodhran Expressway (E-5)

Table 4.41 Protective Measures Suggested by the Respondents

I ~~-·I Measure;s~~-est~d--~~~e~~y I %ag~

I 2 I Compensation should be paid at 121 ~4 market value of the assets

-~ Less dam~e to land andcr~s --1-91 - 11

4 Fair and transparent cr~terja for I 89 t 10 f--__ -j-Jpc..:a~ment of compensation I

Pedestrian crossings should be 1 ~ 5 provided for each settlement along the 91 11 I

~I. -6--TI>~fs~6~ ~il~:%~n~rossing channeIS-+---7~--t 8 I 1-. _~--c:..:..for bifurcating .§!9i!cultural land ____ ± .~_-;..i __ -I

[---2. --r..!::E'l~ damage to pr:operty _. _61 ~ ........:,7_-1

I 8 I Interchanges should be provided at I 59 7 .___ I major crossl~ ~~-L~ .

t' . 9 . TimElY corl'l£letion ofJl1EU:l.rojecL __ ~ 49 I 61.

10 Dust and noise~ntro_1 ~._._._. : 40 . 5 I 11 No r~cmse_.. I 31 4:

____ Total 851" .~._1~ * lvfultiple Responses

4-30

Errvironmenlai

SECTION 5

ANALYSIS OF AL TERNA TIVES

5.1 General

For any decision support system, it is very important to evaluate different alternatives to arrive at the best possible option. In this section, environmental impacts of different alternative were analysed for achieving the objective of improving trade flow, lowering transit cost and reducing travel time along the National Trade Corridor between Khanewal and Lodhran.

The NTC Highway Sector Improvement Programme (HSIP) of National Highway Authority is comprised of three core elements:

(a) Construction of a north-south access-controlled expressway system to provide a high-speed, safe and reliable road transport corridor;

(b) Development of linkages of the new port of Gwadar with the NTC; and

(c) Up-gradation of the Karakoram Highway to caler for increased tradeltransit traffic from China after opening of the Gwadar port.

Pakistan's inland freight and passenger traffic has been growing at an average annual rate of 12% and 5% respectively during the past two decades. The road sector has progressively increased its share of the transport market and as a result, it now carries over 96% of the inland freight (146.6 billion ton-km - 241 million tons/year) and 92% of the passenger traffic (220 billion passenger-km -780 million passengers/year).

Pakistan's primary traffic movements are concentrated along the NTC. The main highway artery along the NTC is the 1760 km long National Highway N-5 (Karachi-Lahore-Islamabad-Peshawar) which serves over 80% of Pakistan's urban population and carries over 60% of the country's freight traffic though its length is less than 1 % of the total road network of Pakistan. N-5 does not have the capacity to accommodate the growing volume of traffic expected to double in 2018 as a result of a sustained 7 percent annual economic growth. N-5 is an access-free, 4-lane divided facility with a deSign traffic capacity of 66,000 Passenger Car Units per day (PCUs/day). N-5 utilization is already 50% to 93% of existing capacity - current traffic volumes range from 33,000 to 61,000 PCUs/day. The consequence is high travel limes which particularly penalize longdistance trips along the NTC - Karachi-Lahore (1260 km) travel time is 48 hours and Karachi-Peshawar (1700 km) is 72 hours.

Completion of a north-south access-controlled national expressway system to provide a high-speed, safe and reliable road transport corridor - about 370 km of the motorway system (M-1, M-2 and M-3) linking Peshawar with Faisalabad are already operational. The GOP aims to complete this high-speed, accesscontrolled expressway system expeditiously with the planned financial support of various development partners is given below. E-5' (Khanewal-Lodhran expressway) is part of the NTC program. Figure 5.1 shows Expressway/ Molorway system of Pakistan. Following Table 5.1 shows Expressway/Motorway system of the Pakistan.

5-1

EnvironmenfallmpaCI Assessmenl of Khanewal-Lodhral1 Expressway (£-5)

Table 5.1 Expressway/Motorway system of the Pakistan

~~mber1 . ~:~:~:::s=r~ --L~e~iLemith~(ks1J E-2Peshawar Northern Bypass 4 I.. -~34 M-1 Peshawar-Islamabad 6 1541

E-4 Faislabad-Khanewal 4 I 184 I ,... ..-~... "~"'----~---

. Khanewal-Lodhran-Sukkur 4 4~ ~----T-Sukkur-Shikarpur-Dadu _4~___ 231 I

'0·';;---+-C;~a~~;~b~~_Kot Sarwar :: ..... 2~ GUjranWal~o~~Zirabad-Dina. 4 ± __ ~(~

Thus, the proposed alternative fits within the framework of NTC-HSIP of NHA for development of access-controlled, four-lane (100 meters of RoWand approximately 101 km in length) and 120 km/hour design speed Expressway facility adjacent to the existing two-lane National Highway (N-5A) between Khanewal and Lodhran. The alignment map of all the alternatives is presented in Figure-5.2.

I E indicates 4-lane access-controlled Expressway; and M represents 6-lane access-controlled Motorway.

5-2

l l

Figure 5.1: Pakistan's North-South Expressway/Motorway System

Existing

- - - -- Planned

T....,

TurBat

!!.,.tq

Gwadar

;, ..........• 'M ' 1. ..... :.~J

1

Environmental Impact Assessment olKhanewal-Lodhran Expressway (E-5)

Khunjrab Pass

ko"'"

~:;'~vv ISLAMABAD \ '''.c'",________ -N~-5-1

, M-2 i '--..,;;.---'Olna i-E~-{l

azlrabad ujranwala

5-3

I

'ti \ '.\. \ ;

\ \.

o a ..J t,;

\ ~. t-'

\~

iD METlA HOW~

\\ . ~ ~ .. w ~~ ••• • •••• ~ •• - ........ It. a .... ,.. ..

: .,-.rr _ ..... .. \".... ,... It '" 6 •• ' ............ j

JEHANIAN QUTABPUR ~ -------- .... -- -------MEHARSHAH

"" ...; - l.J tit ill .. v". \

" "~"'~" ..... ' .....

. .... .. ... PROPOSED E-4 ............

N-S ROAD

LEGEND:

ROADS N-5

N·5A (Alternative 2)

Alternative 3

Alternative·4

PROPOSED E·4

Combine section of Alternate 3 & 4

•••••••

•••••••

\

iN-SA ROAD

-... -- ---................. ~.--.- ... Ml ....

OTHERS

RAILWAY LINE - -TOLL PLAZA 0 CITY 0 RIVER - - .. -

LLINK ROA._D __

START POINT OF E·5 0 END POINT OF E·5 0

-------------

LODHRAN

TAN

. -

I I

I I

I I

FIGURE 5.2: Alternative Alignment Routes

-

_________ ......::E::.:'I1.:.:vi:...:ro:::l1::::fI1:::en""t=:al::::I""mp=ac,t Assessment of KhaMwal-Lodhran Expressway (E-5)

5.2

5,3

Selection of East Bank of Indus River

Pakistan measures about 1800 km in the north-south direction and about 700 km in the east-west direction - Indus River flowing from north to south divides Pakistan into two halves: (i) eastem half, and (ii) western half. The country's two major ports that handle 95% of external trade are in the south and most populated provinces namely PUNJAB and NWFP are in the north. Thus, Pakistan's road transport system mainly depends on north-south links. There are two major north-south road links: (i) National Highway N-55 (also called Indus Highway) on the western Bank of the Indus River, and (ii) National Highway N-5 (also popularly known as the Grand Tnunk Road) on the eastern bank.

On the western bank the area is mostly hilly and thinly populated. Whereas, on the eastern bank the area is flat and the land is fertile and well irrigated. Majority of the large population centers are, therefore, on the eastern half of the country and are mostly concentrated along the N-5 corridor. In fact, of the 8 largest population centers in Pakistan with a population of 1 million or more, 7 are along the N-5 corridor. The 1998 census data shows that urban centers on N-5 account for over 80% of the total urban population of Pakistan. Consequently, the bulk of Pakistan's commercial and industrial activity is concentrated along the N·5 corridor which contributes about 80-85% of GOP.

The 1700 km long N-5 (Peshawar-Islamabad-Lahore-Sukkur-Hyderabad-Karachi) is the backbone of Pakistan'S economy. It is a 4-lane divided facility (2-lanes in each direction), and carries over 65% of country's entire traffic - traffic volumes vary along the highway and range from 8,000 vehicles per day (vpd) to 60,000 vpd.

The 1400 km long N-55 (Peshawar-DI Khan-DG Khan-Hyderabad) is a 2-lane undivided facility. Traffic volumes range from 2,000 vpd to 8,000 vpd and nunning speeds are similar to N-5. Travel time between Hyderabad and Peshawar is 56 hours,

The GOP is developing a third north-south link in the form of a controlled-access, high-speed motorwaylexpressway system to meet the future transport demands -about 470 km of the motorway system (M-1, M-2 & M·3) linking Peshawar, Islamabad and Lahore with Faisalabad is operational. Traffic volumes range from 5,000 vpd to 8,000 vpd and running speeds are between 100 and 120 kmlhour.

Feasibility studies indicated that extension of the motorwaylexpressway system from Faisalabad southwards on the west bank is not economically feasible due to very low traffic volumes. Thus, it was decided to build Faislabad-Khanewal expressway (E-4) and Khanewal-Lodhran expressway (E-5). NHAIGOP also decided to convert Lodhran-Sukkur section of N-5 into an access-controlled facility.

Environmental analyses of the follOwing various alternatives of E·5 were considered for implementing the proposed project:

Alternative 1: No Project Option

Government of Pakistan is taking a strategic and holistiC approach for the transport sector and has launched a major initiative to improve the trade and transport logistics chain along the north-south 'National Trade Corridor'(NTC)

5-4

5.4

linking Pakistan's major ports in the south and south-west with its main industrial centres and neighbouring countries in the north, north-west and east

Khanewal-Lodhran is an important section due to ils location as it bypasses the thickly populated ancient city of Mullan and gives a shorter link between the two cities. The feasibility of the proposed project should not be considered in isolation rather it needs to be visualised within the framework of National Trade Corridor (NTC) Programme of Government of Pakistan, in which this section is very important because, by extending this proposed expressway up to Sukkur, it may ultimately be linked to Gwadar, which will be the main trading seaport in future. The economically viability of NTC as a whole has already been assessed. Thus it is essential that all sections be in place as they complement each other to realize the benefits forecasted economic viability.

The existing 2-lane single carriageway section of N-5A highway between Khanewal and Lodhran (N-5A) can not serve the purpose of a trade corridor. Therefore, the Government's plan of constructing a National Trade Corridor can not be implemented without constructing a high-speed, safe and reliable accesscontrolled expressway system between these two cities. Therefore, the no project option is out of question as this proposed project is expected to have a great contribution in the socio-economic development of the country by utilising the great potential of geo-strategic position of this NTC within the broader framework of international trade and commerce.

Alternative 2: Improvement of the Existing Single Carriageway (N-5A)

After striking out the no project option, improvement or rehabilitation of existing two lane single carriageway section of highway between Khanewal and Lodhran (N-5A) was also considered. In fact, the flow of traffic along N-5A has been greatly retarded due to urban development as the road passes through cities and also encounters local non-heterogeneous traffic. According to Traffic Study and Economic Analysis of Khanewal-Lodhran section of NTC carried out by Mis Zeeruk International for NHA in May, 2007 (Table 1.1), it has been estimated that in the years to come, traffic pressure on Khanewal-Lodhran section will be immense with the development in communication sector resulting increased local mobility. With this increasing traffic load, the condition of the road will deteriorate quickly and need regular maintenance, which will become difficult with increase in traffic congestion and mobility. This will not be able to provide a high-speed, safe and reliable access-controlled expressway system necessary for a trade corridor. Khanewal-Lodhran Section experiences a large number of commercial/heavy traffic. As there is no restriction on the entry of vehicles, motorcycles. cycles, carts (rehras) etc. on the existing N-5A Highway. number of accidents take place that claim the precious lives. With the increasing population, more and more people will be using this important route in the coming years. Therefore, this option does not seem to be feasible on the ground that improved or rehabilitated N-5A will improve the communication and transport system for local people but would not serve the purpose of NTC.

Further improvement of the this existing road will no doubt enhance economic development by providing entry for the movement of goods and passengers to and from other provinces: but at the same time, it will give rise to the many environmental problems as well. Air pollution in the area will be increased due to heterogenous transport. traffic congestion and burning of diesel by slow moving vehicles in low gears, which will increase the suspended particulate matter in the air. Due to traffic congestion. the use of horns by the drivers will also create nOise

5-5

-

Environmentallmpac/ Assessmen! q/Khane'l'al~Lodhran £.:r;pressway (E~5)

pollution, Removal of old and established trees will eliminate the carbon dioxide sink along the road and will result in increase of local temperature due to increased level of carbon dioxide in ambient air. The newly planted trees will take time to grow,

Secondly, it would have significant social, economic and environmental implications, Implementation of project with this option will involve resettlement of a large number of residential and commercial structures, It will also increase chances of accidents due to high speed of heavy vehicles, in case the road provides approaches to the nearby communities; and in case of fencing (restricted entry), access to the people living along the sides of road will be affected, The implementation of this project option will also affect the following social, physical and natural environmental factors,

The Jahanian Tehsil Complex; 1,822 shops; 299 Houses; 19 Industries; 86 Roadside hotels; 79 Mosques;13 schools; 6 Clinics; 45 Petrol Pumps; 2 CNG Stations; 3 Police Check posts; 3 Tube Wells; 3 Weighbridges; 3 Bus waiting sheds; 1 Poultry Farm; 1 Farm House; 308 electricity poles; 3 Pylons; 1 Mobile Phone Tower; 2 Brick Kilns; 6 Bridges and 7577 trees will need to be cut for Widening of the existing road, The relocation or resettlement of all such structures will have significant financial implications and will enhance the cost of the project. Table 5.2 shows location wise detail of physical structures and trees falling within RoW along N-5A.

Table 5.2 Detail of Structures and Vegetation within RoW of Proposed Improved N-5A

rnVironmentaf I Khanewal- r Jahanian- : Mailla Chowk 'Duniyapur- I 'Total !Resettlement , Jahanian Maitla Chowk

I

(Mailsi) - ; Lodhran : Issue1 ; (Mailsi) Ouniyapur

"'~ ~--... ----.. , '~-' ; Resettlement

• Shops 47 545 749 481

• Brick Kilns 02

• Houses 83 74 65 77

• Hotels 24 26 20 16

• Clinics 01 02 02 01

• Mosques/Madarsah 18 32 15 14

• SchOOlS 05 03 02

• Checkpost 02 03

• Tubewells 02

• Bridge: 01 01 01

• Bus Waiting Shed 01 02 01

• Poultry Farm 01 01

• FarM House 01

• Tehsil Complex 01

• Industries 03 04

• Po:es 99 80 05 07

• Pylon I 01 69

• Petrol Pt:mps 18 01

L ... _~~~" ... _~~~, !

5-6

-

__________ ...!E:.:-I1:.::"::.jr:::::on~::ntaj impact Assessmenf c{ Khanewa/~Lodhran Expressway (£-5)

~GStatlon I • Bridge 1 D1 10 r-j

• I

02 02 . ! r--'"

Ecological i

Trees

*: Total Resettlement of Structures *': Total Affected Trees

: 2073 1,655

Keeping in view the results of above mentioned issues, improvement of existing two-lane single carriageway (N-5A) will not be a feasible option.

5,5 Alternative - 3: Construction of an Entry- Restricted Expressway (Starting at Khanewal Toll Plaza)

This alternative starts from N-5 near Khanewal toll plaza and ends at Super Chowk Lodhran with total length of about 101 km. It is aligned almost parallel to the existing N-5A (Khanewal-Lodhran Highway). This option is an independent entry restricted fenced dual carriageway which is a part of NTC,

This new alignment will have' the advantage of enhanced safety during the construction and operation stages, particularly less disruption to the passing traffic and inconvenience to the public during the construction. It will also minimise resettlement of structures, other utilities and cutting of far less number of trees than alternative 2. it will enhance the safety and faCilitation of the road users and as a part of National Trade Corridor will provide state-ol-the-art travelling facilities to the traders of China, Iran, India and Afghanistan. However, this third alternative will need acquisition of land as it would be at a new alignment. The major disadvantage of this alternative is that there is no direct connection between M-4 and E-5 and a separate linkage is required to connect M-4 and The table 5.3 shows physical and environmental loss due to the proposed alternative.

Table 5.3 Detail of Structures and Vegetation Affected by Alternative - 3

~nVlronmen!au ..... Khanewal- Jahanian .:.. TDWiiyapur - I Total I Resettlement IS5u02 Jahanian Dunyapur I Lodhran

..... --. Resettlement

· Shops · O· - 02 .

- Brick Kilns - 01 . - 02

· Houses · 04 - 11 - 72

- Hotels -- Clinics · - .

- Mosques! - 02 - 02 - 04

Madarsah - - -

· Schools · - -· CI)eckpost - 04 01

- TUbewelis - -

5-7

Enviromnenrai fmpa::t Assessmem ofKhanelVaf~Lodhran Expressway (/:::"5)

>Environmentall I Resettlement Issue2

1\ Khamiwal ~ahanian-Jahanian i Dunyapur

r sridge: ... I

- Bus Waiting Shed

- Poultry Farm 45 04

, Farm House

Tehsil Complex

lndus1ries

Poles

Pylon

Petrol PLmps

. '-"::---1"-' : Dunlyapur - I Total

I Lodhran J' ~----. c--·-~·

03

03

CNG Station '

- Bridge ; - 01 - \' \ ,I ,

I - Catlle Shed' - 01 01 i i

i~~;:~= .. 13,03B---:-96------I~:~-i:~;~~..j *: Total Structures to be Affected **: Total Trees to be Affected

5.6 Alternative 4: Construction of an Entry- Restricted Expressway (Starting at End Point of E-4)

Alternatlve-4 starts from end point of Faisalabad-Khanewal Expressway (E-4) and ends at Lodhran bypass and runs almost parallel to existing N-5A It Is a fenced dual carriageway with total length of 101 km. This alternative is actually improvement made in Altemative-3 to avoid resettlement issues and for making a smooth linkage between E-5 and E-4.

In this option It is proposed to construct an independent entry restricted fenced dual carriageway as part of NTC for safe and fast travelling necessary for an efficient international trade route linking with E-4. This new alignment will have the advantage of enhanced safety during the construction and operation stages, particularly less disruption to the passing traffic and inconvenience to the public during the construction. It will also minimise resettlement of structures, other utilities and cutting of far less number of trees than alternative 2. However, this 4th

alternative will need acquisition of land as it would be at a new alignment However it will enhance the safety and facilitation of the road users and as a part of National Trade Corridor will provide state-of-the-art travelling facilities to the traders of China, Iran, India and Afghanistan.

However, implementation of this project option will affect 98 houses, 6 Farm houses, 6 tube wells, 6 mosques/madarasas, 1 Bricklins, and 6 cattle sheds/abandoned houses. The details of physical structures and trees in the RoW of this proposed alignment is presented in Table 5.4.

5-8

,

5.7

Environmental Impact Assessment of Khtme'waI-Lodhran Expressway (E-5j

Table 5.4 Detail of Structures and Vegetation Affected by Alternative - 4

: Envlronmentall Khanewal":TJahanian:" Lodhran I Total Resettlement Issue Jahanian !

Resettlement

Shops 04 02 Brick Klins 01

Houses 42 56

Hotels

Clinics

Mosques! Madarsah 01 02 133

Schools 01

Checkpost 01

Tubewells

Bridge: 04 02

Bus Wailing Shed

Poultry Farm

Farm Hause

Tehsit Complex 03

Industries 04 02 Poles

Py~an

Petrel Pumps

CNG Station

Bridge

Cattle Shed

Stores 02 Fish Farm 03 03

Shrine

01 d 01 ,

14,206 : Ecoiogical

Trees 1MO

Comparative Analysis of Alternatives

In order to take decision about the selection of an alternative with least social and environmental implications, an analysis of all alternatives is presented in Table 5.5.

5-9

-

-

________ --..-:4'nvironmenw! Impacr Assessment q/KhanelN.Ji-Lodhran Expressway (£-5)

Table 5.5 Comparative Analysis of Alternatives

1~-ALTERNATIVE-=2--T AL TERNATIVE-3~ AL TERNATiVE=4 I '1) Link with NTC Network ' •

linkage of the existing N-5A with the proposed motorway (E-4) is not feasible as settlements along N-5A use this road for their movement to other cities and towns, Therefore th is road cannot be converted into an entryrestricted passage, which is a pre-requisite for an expressway.

~)_R_e_settleme_nt ___ _ In this case, 2696 including structures, i.e. houses, shops, factories, petrol and gas stations, etc, will need resettlement. It will create social disturbance to the people settled in and around the project area.

This new alignment can be linked with other sections of NTC and its starting finishing points

! can be planned in accordance with the

: deSign of proposed Expressway (E-4) near Khanewal. Similarly the new alignment will also be linked to other proposed motorways and expressways of the

, NTC network,

Total 178 structures will be relocated, large scale resettlement is not involved as the new alignment passes through farms and care has also been taken to avoid heavy resettlement of

I·' -.--~------~---

, This is Starting from end point of E-4, therefore will save separate linkage as in case of alternative 3

132 structures will be disturbed. Resettlement will occur but it will be less than in case of alternate-3

structures. Alignment is I

designed with social I I:

and cultural i '

considerations.: I

I, I Therefore, socially L' I'

better option. --------- .--.--.- .~.--'

~~ t~~:::~~, a total of 7,5T?T

1

In thl~ case~ relatiVely *206 trees ~m be ~~ trees will have to be cut, less number of trees will I ~~hich is less as ,U< I which will have a significant I be cut (5,725). The compared with I effect on the ecology of the difference of 1832 trees I alternative 3. Beside all area. will have a less orchards proposed to '

Significant impact as i be effected in case of I'

compared to the i alternative 3 will be altenative-2. Therefore, : saved, '

! ecologically better : : 1_'" ~ .. ~ .. ~- option. ~----1--------~--J 4) Land Acquisition ... .. __ .. ~ .. _--._-____ -.J To widen the existing road of ' In this case land I Almost same as I 220 ft. RoW to a 330 ft. I acquisitionwill be alternative 3 !

expressway, additional 100 ,required, since the i i

lft. wide strip of land will be i proposed alignment is L J required thro.l:lRhoutlh~_~~ing throllfll1.the_. ._._~ ____ .. __

5-10

_________ E::,n"..:"::.ir:::;on'.!:!!1I, ental impact Assessmenl (.if !!hanewa/~L?dhra!1 ExpreSSlVi1yJE-5j

AL TERNA TIVE-2 AL TERNATIVE~3~r AL TERNATIVE~ ~+~

• alignment. Most of th61and in this case Is of commercial type, having higher cost.

agricultural lands Most 'l of the land is agricultural and has low cost. less commercial land will have to be purchased in this case. , :

_____ ~ _____ J.:I ~:t~~~~~~~{o~cono=lcally : __ .. ~ __ I 15) S()c_ial~ls_s_ue~s ___ ~ " __ ." __ ~_~"."' ___ ,_., Construction of this road to make it an access controlled expressway will create difficulties for the people living in the adjacent areas on both sides of the road as they will not be able to cross the road freely and will not be able to use it (except specified access/approach pOints). Safety of the people and workers will also need attention during the construction activities. Inconvenience to public will be more as the work will be carried out on the busy road.

6) Cost

In this case, as the agricultural land will be bifurcated, land owners will be affected and disturbed. They will require proper compensation and grief

. redreSSing mechanism. Crossings and underpasses will be required at convenient distances for people, animals and agricultural machinery and vehicles (tractors, trolleys etc.). Safety of the people and workers will also need attention during the construction

Construction cost in this Construction cost will case will be less due to be higher as compared widening of the existing road to Altemative-2 with the and will only involve costs for provision of new the construction of additional structures, i.e. bridges, lanes and median in the culverts, underpasses centre. However, the cost of etc. But the cost of resettlement and resettlement and compensation to affected compensation to people will be more in this i affected people will be case. • less.

---~,~-~,~"~-,~-~

In this case, as the agricultural land will be bifurcated, land owners will be affected and disturbed. They will require proper compensation and grief redressing mechanism. Crossings and underpasses will be required at convenient distances for people, animals and agricultural machinery and vehicles (tractors, trolleys etc.). Safety of

, the people and workers ! will also need attention I during the construction

linkage cost will be saved

i 7) Terrain:-.~_ '----_~.--~.--~--_r~--'---.'---.. '-Terrain along this existing route is plain, which passes between the developed area, having residential/commercial structures on both sides.

I· Terrain along this route , is plain passes through ! the fertile agricultural land. The groundwater table is relatively higher due to presence of

• canals and I distributaries.

-.'--~ .. -~~--.. ---... .~ ... -~-.. - ... --~ ..

Terrain along this route is plain passes through : the fertile agricultural !

land. The groundwater table is relatively higher due to presence of canals and distributaries.

5-11

Environmental/tUpac! Assessment qf Khanewal-Lodhran !:.xpressway (E~j)

AL TERNATIVE-2 L AL TERNA TIVE-3 AL TERNA TIVE-4 ..... --.

8) Requirement of Structures .----t-----..... ---! Since it's an entry- Since it's an entry-Since the road is allevel

with the surrounding land, therefore only existing structures will require the extension,

restricted (fenced) restricted (fenced) highway, number of highway, number of bridges, slip lanes, : bridges, slip lanes, flyovers, underpasses ; flyovers, underpasses and culverts will be and culverts will be needed at appropriate needed al appropriate locations, locations,

9) Safety of the Travellers and People living in the

Project Area I ----... ----.... - ..... ------~ ..... -------... - ..... ----~~---- ._ .... _-----------1 The probability of : The probability of The probability of occurrence of road accidents! occurrence of road occurrence of road due to open access at I accidents will be less as accidents will be less several paints will be more, • the proposed alignment as the proposed which will also be a hazard I would be fenced alignment would be for both, travellers and highway having specific fenced highway having people crossing the road, , entry/exit paints and specific entry/exit

! grade separated points and grade , crossings therefore both separated crossings travellers and people in therefore both the vicinity of the travellers and people in alignment will be safe the vicinity of the from the accident. alignment will be safe

! from the accident.

5.8 Selection of Preferred Alternative

The above comparative analysiS (table 5,4) of all three alternatives between Khanewal and Lodhran were analysed In the light of social, economic and ecological perspectives,

The analysis reveals that the alternative-4 is the preferred one because it will have less economic cost, less ecological footprint, as no significant ecological hotspot and relatively less impact on physical and natural environment. It will involve much less resettlement of people and fewer disturbances to physical infrastructure.

Therefore, the best option after analysing the baseline social and environmental conditions would be construction of Alternative-4.

5-12

6.1

___ ---=E=-:~nvlronmen{al fmpac! t1s~eSSmenl qf Khan(!1~al-Lodhr,:!n Expn.u;~way (£-5)

SECTION 6

STAKEHOLDER'S CONSULTATION

General

Information dissemination. consultation and participation of Project Affected Persons (PAPs) are an integral part of the project It helps to reduce the likely conflicts, minimizes the risk of project delays, and enables the project more economical and socially viable. The consultation process was carried out as per the guidelines of World Bank and EPA.

6.2 Identification of Main Stakeholders

The main project stakeholders identified are PAPs, who reside or own businesses or land subject to expropriation as a result of the planned road construction. Other stakeholders Identified inCluded local Government representatives, village elites, government officials of the relevant departments (Revenue, Building, Forest. Agriculture etc.) NGOs and general public. All those stakeholders have different types of stakes according to their professions and involvements in various aspects of the project. The consultant contacted with all the stakeholders and shared their views and concerns with the implementation of the project and also interacted with the community based organizations that can support the community.

6.3 Seoping Sessions

A series of scoping sessions and focus group discussions were carried out with the affectees, local communities, representatives from non-governmental organization, so that their support may be obtained during resettlement and expropriation process.

Generally. people are found to be unaware about the need of the proposed Expressway. Most of the participants showed their rivalry and strongly rejected the proposed project due to the loss of their fertile agriculture land. In nutshell, they suggested that Instead of building an expressway entirely on a new alignment, it is preferred to dualize the existing Khanewal - Lodhran Highway.

6.3.1 Methodology

The consultation sessions! meetings were held from February 01 to 08, 2007and continued for a week with the concerned stakeholders. On the basis of these sessions and meetings, entitlement matrix and compensation framework were prepared for the affectees of the proposed Project

The entitlement matrix and compensation framework was disclosed to the affectees in the first week of May 2007. From 16'h to 22"d August 2007, additional information sharing and disclosure meetings about proposed compensation policy were also held with the affectees

6-1

,

Additional consultation sessions and meetings were held again in the project area from March 24 to 28, 2008 due to the changed! additional alignment of about 49 kilometers.

The Affectees were informed one day before the meeting and to assemble on the dera of the local Numberdarlrepresentative of each settlement. In addition, announcements were also made in the loud speakers for meetings to discuss the resettlement related issues. The meetings were held in an open encouraging atmosphere where affectees expressed their concerns and views.

6,3,2 Participants of the Consultations/ Scoping Sessions

The consultants EIA and RAP team comprising of Resettlement Expert, SOciologists and Environmental Engineers conducted these sessions. The major stakeholders include household affectees, land affectees, local residents, local government representatives and local NGO's working in project area. Efforts were made to discuss all the major issues regarding land acquisition and resettlement.

In addition, formal sessions were also held with the relevant government officials, institutional stakeholders in Khanewal and Lodhran districts. The government offices consulted includes the Department of Revenue, Forest, Wild Life, Health, Education, Agriculture, Building and Environmental Protection Departments. These seoping sessions were held at 24 different locations, in which there were 352 total number of participants. The detail of village meetings and major issues discussed and concerns raised are shown below in Table 6.1.

6-2

, ....

___ ______ -"E~n_vl __ 'r __ on_m_e_n_r_al1mpacr Assessment of Khanewal.Lod~ran f<::<presswa:; (E-5)

I Sr. i No. ! ..

Table 6.1 Village Meetings and Concerns

Village Namel i Date Venue

Moza Sham

Kat

28103108

r I No of I Main Concerns of the Stakeholders Participants

20 • Market rates should be adopted for compensation purpose

• Land for land should be given to the land owners affected

• Livelihood will be affected severely due to acqUiring Agriculture land<

• Local community will not be benefited with the project due to fenCing of the Expressway,

• Building structures may be saved from relocation by changing the alignment of the road.

• The compensation for the lost structures and land should be paid at market rates,

• Fertile agricultural land will be bifurcated,

I I ,

r----+----~'<-2 Moza' 27103108 20

Nanuk

• Access problem for the farmers to approach their agricultural land for cultivation,

• Market rate should be adopted for compensation purpose

Pur • Loss of crops should also be paid at the market rates

• Tenants should also be paid the full compensation

• The vulnerab'e population may be ignored from the compensation package,

• The alternatiVe option of widening the existing road should be considered instead of implementing proposed Project.

• The compensation will not be provided at the current market rates

• Contractor workforce may not properly handle storage of material and

, soil contamination. I. Interchanges should be provided for

chemicals that can potentially caus~e ;

'--__ L __ .-' _____ ~ _____ ~very settlement _~ __

6-3

. Environmentollmpacf Assessmento!Khanelml-~o'ihran R.pressway (£.-5)

25/03/08 I • The affectees may not be !

3 Chak 18 compensated with government 110- occupied land preferably to maintain lOR their livelihoods.

• During construction efforts should be made to less damage to crops and agricultural land.

• Improved travel facility will be available after implementation of the proposed Project

• The aiternative option of widening the existing road should be considered seriously

i • Farmers should given proper farming

land for the acquired land. i 1--.

4 Chak 25/03/08 20 • Livelihoods of the families will be 115- affected severely due 10 acquiring lOR agricu Iluralland.

• Compensation will not be given at par with Ihe market value.

• The alternative option may be ignored for the implementation of the proposed project The alternative option is to widen the existing road from Khanewal to Lodhran.

• Underpasses may be ignored near settlements to facilitate locals for crossing of road.

! • The general movement of local residents and their livestock in and

J-around the construction area is likely to be hindered.

5 Chak 26103/08 12 • The local residents will be less 325i\/'1 disturbed due to adoption of alternative

B option, i.e. to widen the existing road from Khanewalto Lodhran.

• Locals should be given jobs preferably during the construction stage.

• Efforts should be made for least damage to existing structures, however proper compensation at market rate

,~ should be provided to the affectees. • Proper sprinkling of water during

, construction stage to control dust • ,,'" · ",,",,~ ~.1

1:-l-. -sma::;:~ channels! watercourses 6 Chak 26/031'08 100M • may be abandoned due to non-

L , .. __ L I availability of passages across the I .. road. ...J " .. -~-----

6-4

Environmental Impact Assessmenl q{ Khanewal-Lodhran Express~vay (E-5)

• The Contractor should be required to maintain close liaison with local population for the easy and timely resolving of issuesidisputes, if any arise during the construction stage.

• The alternative option of widening the existing road from Khanewal to Lodhran should be considered.

• Sign board(s) may not be provided along the settlements and school(s).

• Compensation should be paid for the whole bifurcating agriculture land

• Compensation should be paid at market value

• Under passages should be provided for the local people to cross the Expressway.

7 Chak 26/03/08 12 • Local population may be disturbed 29M more due to expanding of construction

activities in the night time as well. • Project should be completed timely. • Compensation for the lost land and

crops should be paid at market rates. • Movement of the local people should

not be disturbed during construction activities of the Project.

• Trees to be cut should also be compensated at the market rates.

• FrUit trees should be paid at higher - rates than non-fruit trees. • Under passages should be provided for

the local farmers and residents to cross the Expressway.

8 Chak 26103108 18 • Compensation will not be given as per ,- 28M current market value.

• livelihood will be affected severely due to acquiring Agriculture land

• Existing road from Khanewal to Lodhran should be widened instead of the proposed Expressway.

• Better road facility will be available - after the construction of the Expressway

• Traveling time will be reduced between the two cities.

, :

I' 9 e"" I ,,,"os I 16

The adjacent land may get waterlogged ! Faiz Colony due to lack of proper drainage system

across the road. --- .... -----------

6-5

Envir0n.:nentallmpact Assessment of Kha..r:ewal-Lodhran Expressway (E-5)

I I" The people will be jobless due to acquiring agricultural land

" Underpasses should not be ignored near the settlements.

" The compensation package may not be : at par with the current market rate of the land and land based assets.

- The alternative option for widening of the existing road should be considered.

i

10 Chak 04102107 13 I- Compensation should be paid at 158/10 market rate.

·R ! • There will be less access to the local popu lation over the road due to lack of interchanges facility after executing of expressway road projeel.

. - Fertile agricultural land will be

! • bifurcated The alternate option of widening the existing Khanewal-Lodhran road should be considered seriously

-_ ..... _--_ ....

11 Chak 05/02107 : 6 - Labor force for construction aelivities 105110 should be employed from the local

-R communities.

- Service road along the Expressway should be provided.

• The alternative options may be ignored for the implementation of the proposed project. The alternative option is to widen the existing road from Khanewal to Lodhran:

12 Addah 05102107 14 - The compensation package should be Mehar according to the current market rate of Shah the assets.

• Compensation should be paid timely before the stat of the Project

• Interchanges should be provided for every settlement

• Commercial activity will increase during construction stage of the Project

• Agricultural land should be assessed at

i: the current market rate.

13 Chak 05/02/07T 12 Compensation will not be given at par 66/WB I with the current market value.

. . Agricultural land will be bifurcated I

I" Under passages shou Id be provided for every settiementalongthe proposed

6·6

Environm~ntal impact Assess!!1ent of Khanewal-Lodhran Expressway (E-5) ----------------

i • Expressway Livelihood will be severely affected due

; to acquiring agricultural land.

• Local population may have leas! access to the road.

• Local population cannot use the Expressway because it will be fenced.

• Provisions shou Id be made for animals crossings

• Alternate arrangements for houses to be relocated should be made before the start of the Project

_.--_. 14 Chak ; 06/02107 22 • The affectees will not be compensated

158/ well in time before the execution of the WB Project for their proper settlement.

• The alternative option to wide the existing road should not be ignored. The alternative option is to widen the eXisting Khanewal-Lodhran road.

• Compensation should be paid at the current markel rates

• Houses to be relocated should be paid properly so as to rebuild their houses of the same level.

• loss of crops should also be paid. • Water sprinkling should be ensured to

control the dust pollution ; . Construction of the Project should be

completed timely. • Criteria for payment of compensation

should be transparent

061~ ._---!

15 Chak 15 • Alternate option of widening the 3351 existing Khanewal -Lodhran highway WB should be considered

• All the access routes should be rehabilitated after completing the construction of the proposed Project

• Compensation should be paid before the start of the Project

• Bifurcation of the fertile agricultural land shou Id be avoided

• Under passages should be provided for the bifurcating settlements along the Expressway

• livelihood may be affected badly due to the acquisition of agricultural land.

• The compensation package may not be i

i i

given at par with the market value, !

: ! !

i

6-7

Envil'Onmental impact Ass",,'menl oj Khonewal·Lodhran Expressway (E·5j ----------------~~--~

16 Chak 06/021071 13 • The compensation should be paid at 3371 market rate WB i • The fertile agricultural land will be

destroyed due to implementation of the

! • proposed Expressway I nterchanges should be provided at major locations

• Under passages should be provided lor every settlement

0 Existing Khanewal to Lodhran road should be dualized instead of the proposed Project

0 Construction of the proposed Expressway will restrict the movement of the local people

• It will be difficult for the local population to cover long distances to cross the Expressway

• Educational facilities in the settlements along the Expressway should also be , , improved

17 Chak i 07102107 23 • The affectees will not be compensated 3391 well in time before the execution of the WB Project for their proper settlement to

any other place, 0 The alternative option to wide the

eXisting road should not be ignored, The alternative option is to widen the eXisting Khanewal·Lodhran road,

0 Compensation should be paid at the

! current market rates

• Houses to be relocated should be paid properly so as to rebuild their houses of the same level.

• Loss of crops should also be paid,

• Water sprinkling should be ensured to

I control the dust pollution

I 0 Construction of the Project should be

completed timely, • Criteria for payment of compensation

i should be transparent

------.-- ""-----_._----------_ .. --18 Chak 07102107 18 • Local population may be disturbed

29-M more due to expanding of construction activities in the night time as well.

• Project should be completed timely, 0 Compensation for the lost land and

i crops should be paid at market rates, , I • Movement of the local people should

L_L._-,-_~_~ ___ 1m ~~ii~i~:~S~r~:dp~~i~~i co~s_tr_uc_ti_on_~

6-8

_____ ~ ______ _'E:c·n"v .. lr_"o .. n .. mC"e"ntal impaci Assessment qf Khanewal-Lodhran Fctpressway (E-5)

• Trees to be cut should also be compensated at the market rates.

• Fruit trees should be paid higher rates than non-fruit trees.

• Under passages should be provided for the local farmers and residents 10 cross , the Expressway.

19 Chak 07102107 12 • Compensation should be paid before 28-M the start of the proposed Expressway

• Existing road from Khanewal to Lodhran should widened instead of the proposed Project

• Other facilities like educational, public . water supply, health facility in the villages along the Expressway should also be improved

• Efforts should be made to minimize the relocation of population

• Fertile agricultural land will be destroyed

• Livelihoods will be affected severely of the families to be relocating

• Family life of the people losing their agricultural resource base will be disturbed severely

• Poor people losing their homes and agricultural land should be paid special compensation

-- .................. -

21 Moza 08/02107 22 • Commercial activity on Ihe existing Qulubp road will increase during construction

ur of the proposed Expressway

I

• I mplementation of the proposed Expressway will decrease the traffic load on the existing Khanewal to Lodhran Highway resulting in minimizing the road accidents on this highway

• After the construction of the proposed Project, heavy Iraffic of the existing Khanewal to Lodhran highway will be shifted on the Expressway, it will decrease the businesses and other commercial activities on the existing highway

• Petrol pumps business will decrease a lot due to shifting of heavy traffic on the proposed Expressway

• The alternate option of dualizing the existing highway should be considered instead of constructing the new

'---__ '---__ -".. ____ L-____ ---'-_-=Expressway ~l1lci) will destroy the

6-9

,~,

-

f---2-2---"~J"-,n-n-ah-ir-o~8~I-O~~7: ~-1-0--]~-~h~I~~:::_:_I:-_~~-~h-r:_ap_~~_~-~:::unt~ I Colony Expressway should be shifted out side

the settlement

.-~ ..

23 Rehma 08102107 npura Kachi Abadi

i

I I I I

I

i i I

i 24 Bastl 08/02107 Ranjhe I wala

i

i

I . I I . . I __ L_.~_

9

13

• I mplementation of the Project will bifurcate the settlement

• Compensation should be aid for the lost houses and other structures

• Under passage should be provided for the local population to cross the Expressway

• Market rates should be adopted for the compensation of the relocating houses

• Local people should be given priority for employment during construction stage of the Expressway

• Local population may be disturbed more due to expanding of construction activities in the night time as well.

• Project should be completed timely, • Compensation for the lost land and

crops should be paid at market rates, • Movement of the local people should

not be disturbed during construction activities of the Project.

• Trees to be cut should also be compensated at the market rates,

• Fruit trees should be paid higher rates than non-fruit trees,

• Under passages should be provided for the local farmers and residents to cross the Expressway,

• The alignment of the proposed Expressway should be shifted out side the settlement

• Implementation of the Project will bifurcate the settlement

• Compensation should be aid for the iost houses and other structures

• Under passage should be provided for the local population to cross the Expressway .. Market rates should be adopted for the

I compensation of the relocating houses

J i

i • Local people should be given priority

J I for employment during construction , __ , __ ~~. _~aJ!e~f~h'"-l:2<[lressway

'-

6-10

c~<-.

Total 352

i

6.4 Issues discussed

Following issues were discussed during the public consultations:

• Project components, its activities and impacts • Needs, priorities and reactions of the affected people regarding the

proposed Project • Ensuring the participation of the PAPs in the resettlement planning • Grievances redress procedures • Entitlement Matrix development for the aflectees 01 the Project • Evaluation criteria of the buildings • Basis for determining the rates of the land, trees and other

infrastructure • Compensation framework for the Project affectees • Compensation criteria to be followed lor the payment to the alfectees

and • Role 01 the affectees in implementation of the project

6.5 Major Outcomes of the Consultation Sessions

In the light of issues discussed with the stakeholders during consultation sessions, major outcomes are mentioned as under:

•

•

•

•

•

Land will be provided to the affectees for the loss of land, il available Cash compensation will be paid to the al/ectees in case of non-availability of land, Tenants! share croppers will be paid for the loss 0/ crops on the basis of market rate, Legal owners of the trees will be compensated on the basis of type, age and productivity of the trees to be affected, Owners of the residential and commercial structures will be compensated at the current market rates for construction of the buildings.

• One time cash grant to the affected structures owner for shifting will also be provided,

• Transition period allowance for three months will be paid to the household affectees,

• For compensation to the land affectees, market rates of land will be provided,

• Social and cultural resources ie, mosques, graveyards etc will be relocated with the involvement of the local reSidents and religious leaders,

6-11

•

• People losing the employment opportunities, and livelihoods will be given priority for employment during construction stage,

• VUlnerable affectees i,e,' very poor people or affectees below poverty line (less than 6,000 monthly income), female headed families and widows, will be provided special assistance/compensation,

• Mosques will be constructed by the NHA, with the help of respective community,

6-12

-

Environmenfallmpact Assessment of Khan.:.:.pol-!-odhran Expr~~~!'t1}'(E~5)

SECTION 7

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

7.1 General

This section presents likely potential impacts of proposed project on physical, biological and socia-economic environment together with the proposed mitigation measures to prevent and/or alleviate the adverse Impacts to the extent possible at pre-construction, construction and operation stages,

7.2 Potential Impacts of Pre-Construction Activities and Mitigation Measures

Following activities of the proposed development project will have considerable impacts pre-construction and design phase, which need to be mitigated as,

7.2.1 Land Acquisition

The implementation of the project will require the acquisition of 2,167 Acres of land, The resettlement policy framework to be adopted by the N HA for the permanent acquisition of private land and built-up property as well as compensation due to is dealt separately in Resettlement Action Plan (RAP), Executive summary of SIA and RAP has been attached as Annexure-7, 1, Proposed alignment for expressway will pass through agricultural land,

Impact: The impact of agricultural land acquisition will be permanent loss of considerable agricultural production,

Mitigation: The alignment will be selected in such a way that less productive land will come within RoW, Also adequate budget will be provided in the project cost for the compensation to the affected people as per Land Acquisition Act, 1894 and World Bank's Involuntary Resettlement Policy (OP/BP 4,12) for the lost assets and restoration of their livelihoods. Criteria for the purchase of land will also be established so that no farmer will be left with such a small area on one side of the proposed expressway that he cannot cultivate it properly.

7,2.2 Dislocation of Physical Structures

Implementation of proposed project will involve dislocation of 133 physical structures including 98 houses, 5 religious structures, 6 commercial structures, 1 fish farm, 1 brick kilns, 6 agricultural yards (dera's), 3 poultry farms and 13 miscellaneous structures (cattie sheds, stores and empty shops). The district and chainage-wise detail is presented in Table 7,1 ,

7-1

i

Environmental Impact Assessment of KI1C1newal-l.odhran F.xprr!.sSH'Cly(E-5)

r i Infrastructures to be Affected

:~~illstrict Tehsil Chaim,ge Village----~~ pNO:Of~TI---'FC-a-rm---';;;B::;riCCCko:-Ti'P"OCCUC;I:-:try:c-r---"FiCCS"h--r--;;R-Cel""ig"'i"'o'""uS:---"'C"'oC::m::::m::::e::::rc=ia'I Miscellaneous Total From To Houses Housesl Kiln Fanns Farms Structures shops

Oems KhanewalKab--;;:- ~ 185-700 186-200 Sham-kai- ~----10 ~I -~~~ ~ I~ 1" 1" 12

~~ , !---~~--1~~------~~~~184-700 185-00 Chah Chuct1ak Wala ~~~ 1'6"~~~-+----1--+~~~~ - -'6

183-900 184-200 Kilu Macchian Wala 1 ~~--- -~~ 1" 2 (Sham Kat)

~n.wal 188-300 18-400 ~ lanll,an",a!a_khu 1 l ' 2 4 189-900 190~100' Chah Qaiam Wala 1 1 1 3

(NP) 188-400 18&-"/00 Chah Manuwala(NP)' 5~~-~~ 5 187-900 186-000 Khu Bogey Wala (NP) 2: 2

-~~i89~700 189~800 Kaku Wale Khu (NP) 2 1 ,1*, 1" ~ ----5- ~~

189-700 ~~~~ 189800 17e-l0R 1 i ~~~ 1 189-700 189-800 Nanuk Pur 1 1

~ 189-700~~! 189-800 Chak 167 ~~~~~- - ,1" 1 2

F 189-700 189-800 BaQhWala l' 1 18&-700 189-800 Basti Mahr Abad 1 1

~_Jal'_ania~n 34-000 34-700 Chak 106:10R ~~ 1 1 - J ____ ~~ 2 39-700 41-480 GhulamanWala Chak 1 . 1

115-10R . 39-700 -~4i-480 Naiyan Wala Chak 1 1" ~~--- 2

115-10R 36-200 37-600 Chak 110-R~~-~~~ . 1~ __ ~~~~-~~ 1 36-200 37-600 Manzor Abad Colony 1 1

Chak 110-R Lodhran Duniya 57-661.57 74-077.880 Dera A. Rehman ~ -----~~ l' 1

~~ __ !--=-P,"ur,-- Chak325 WB

I ~-- 57-661.58 74-077.881 Dera Akram Khu(DP) 1*~ __ ~ ._1_ . 57-661.59 74-077.882 Dera Rana Akh1ar 1 1*' 2

J 57-66160 74·077 883 Duniyapur 2 1 "~~-3-

~~57-66TEi1'1 74-077 884 Ashiq wala Khu ([)P) 2 2 57-661.62 74-Q77.885 Bloch ColonyChak 1 ~1 .

100M __ ~ .. ' ____ ~~~ ___ S7-661.63 74-077.886 Chah Mulan Wala 3 3 .

7-2

) ;

-""-----

District Tehsil

Lodhran

~-.

1 I ! ) I I

Environmental {mpact Assessment of Khanewal-Lodhran Expressway Project (E5)

Table 7.1 Infrastructures to be Affected

Chainage Village From To

57-661.64 74-077.887 Chak 100 M 57-661.65 74-077.888 Chak24M 57-661.66 74-077.889 Chak25 M 57-661.67 74-077.890 Chak28 M 57-661.66 74-077.891 Chak 29 M 57-661.69 74-077.892 Chak 30 57-661.70 ~077.893 Chak325WB 57-661.71 74-077.894 DeraAliah

57-661.72 57-661.73 57-661.74 57-661.75 57-661.76

97-983

. ----97-984

97-985

97-986 97-987 97-988

97-989 Total

Legends:·

Bechaya(DP) 74-077.895 Jahangir Pur 74-077.896 J;ndWala 74-077.897 Pull Thokar 74-077.898 Qadir Pur 74-077.899 Suttan Pur 10-574.59 Bast; Nokwala

(Lodhran) 10-574.60 Bast; Karamat Wali

(Lodhran) 10-574.61 Basti Nokwala

(Lodhran) 10-574.62 Faiz Colony(Lodhran) 10-574.63 HeadJalal Pur Basti 10-574.64 Nazar Khan

Road(Lodhran) 10-574.65 Lodhran

Religious Structures 1" 1"" 1 "''''

Ma.jid Shrine Madre ••

No. of ---- -- --- -;-- ----

Farm Brick Poultry Houses Housesl Kiln Farms

Oems 7 3 1 4 1 1 1 3 2

1 1 3 1 2

I- --._-

1~ ~

3

9 1 1

--98 6 1 3

Miscellaneous 1· ... Primary Schoof I" Callie Shed 1·· Tube Well

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- --- -----=--- ---Fish ReligiOUS

----- r, ----- . Commercial Miscellaneous

Farms StrucWnlS shops

1 1 "" 1

1-'

1" ----~---.

-----

1"''''

----

l'

--_._- --------- _ .. --- --- ---.. ---

. -~-

1"

1" 1 5 6 13

I

~- ----Total

8 5 1 4 2 2 4 2

1 1 4 1 2 1

-1

3

------

10 1 1

1 133

-

.-

Impact: Dislocating the above listed physical structures will have socio-economic impacts on local people. They will have to shift their houses and business setups permanently. This impact is permanent and major negative in nature.

Mitigation: The affected people will not be dislocated during the design stage and a judicious compensation package for affected people will be awarded for which a separate Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) is being prepared by NHA. Affected MasjidlMadarsah will be constructed at new locations. The compensation will be paid according to Entitlement and Compensation Matrix (Annexure-7.2).

7.2.3 Displacement of People

The social assessment of the project impact reveals that a total of 686 families with an overall estimated population of 7,162 persons .will be affected by implementation of proposed project.

Impact: This will have socio-economic and socio-cultural impact as the affected people will have to shift their houses and business setups permanently. This impact will be permanent and major negative in nature.

Mitigation: A resettlement policy framework will be adopted by the NHA for the permanent acquisition of private land and built-up property as well as compensation, for which a separate Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) is being developed to minimize involuntary resettlement to ensure that the persons to be displaced have their former living standards and income earning capacity improved or at least restored to original position. Further, the compensation will be paid according to Entitlement and Compensation Matrix (Annexure-7.2).

7.2.4 Clearing of Land

The clearing of proposed alignment for construction of expressway will require cutting of 4,635 trees of 9 local species like Shisham (Dalbergia sissoo) and Kikar (Acacia niiotica) , Neem and Iron wood. In addition to these trees there are 254 non fruit trees and 317 fruit trees will be affected within houses boundaries. Table 7.2 provides detail about the types and number of trees to be cut.

Table 7.2 Trees to be Affected within RoW

Sr. No. Name of Tree ! Botanical Name-TNumber A. Within A ricultural Fields . ,~ ShiSh?m -- I D~lbergia sissoo m I 2000 __ ~ , 2 Kikar : Acacia nilotica : 1000

~~ .. ' ~:~___ 1=~~~h~~7:,~~~§-Hgg ... -,5 Mulberry • Morus alba~_~ ,~·llQ~=:J . 6 . Jamin ' Eu enia 'ambolana I 100 .

: ~~~~~~OOd • ~~~a~:p~~labariUI1l~m~4k~ I 9 iJ:3.Clt:1Y~n __ m·1 ~~:~~~~ensis=±20-;;-;~;;-···· __ 1 i .. . Sub-Total. 4,635 • B. Trees within!iouses BOlmd<lries {Fruit + Non J~~

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"I S;;:-r-. ""'N-o.-Jr;N~am-e-o#f ;;:TrC-:e-:-e~-'·B':07taC-:n:-'icc-a:-'I·N"a-:m·--:e--""'N'-I:J-m-;-c~ ~Fri.ill)m m_ ~~;-;-~-;c;;:-=---\ ! .... _G. T()tal 5,206 __

Impact: Cutting of trees will have effect on the ecological habitat and local climate of the area, for example with removal of trees the habitat of the local birds' species will be destroyed and the carbon sink in the form of trees, which absorb CO2 will also be reduced.

Mitigation; This will have moderate negative impact which will not be permanent and will be mitigated by planting a total 249,750 trees (details given in section-B, table 8Aa). No exotic species or species with known environmental setbacks (e.g. Eucalyptus, Prosopic) will be planted. To mitigate the impact on biodiversity, the trees will be cut by examining that if there is any nest of hatching birds on a tree, that nest will be dislodged and placed on an other tree of same species. Further no trees will be removed unless contractor identifies and marks them during the survey and gets approval from the supervision consultant.

7.2.5 Alterations in Topography and Drainage Patterns

The Expressway will comprise construction of a number of structures like bridges, flyovers, underpasses, embankments, interchanges, rest areas and service areas. This will result in change of topography and alteration of existing drainage patterns.

Impact: Construction of expressway and auxiliary structures will alter the topography and existing surface drainage pattern of the area by dividing the agricultural land on both sides of the proposed expressway. During flood or in rainy season this condition will have negative impacts like erosion of road surface; damage to the crops, bridges etc.

Mitigation: The above mentioned anticipated impacts will be mitigated at the design stage by incorporating the following features in the design and ensured during construction stage:

• An assessment of the locations for cross-drainage structures and intersecting canals an~ minors to protect nearby agricultural land and settlements from flooding.

• Culverts will be provided in the design to control damages from flood and safety of embankments.

• Assessment for the repair works required on existing cross-drainage structures will be made, and appropriate locations for new crossdrainage structures will be identified to protect nearby agricultural land and settlements from flooding

• Appropriate locations and required capacities for new cross-drainage structures across highway embankments, intersecting canals and mine protect nearby agricultural land and settlements from flooding.

• Outfalls will be provided for the highway median and side drains to divert surface run-off from the carriageway to protect ribbon development areas and settlement

• Median drainage will be designed with outlets leading into either natural stream or open areas when no natural streams are located nearby.

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______ ~Envir()nmenfnl impacl :!ssessment t?lKhanewa/-Lo.~hran E~pressway Project (£5)

• Side drains will be constructed along the road shoulder in ribbon development ditches built along the toe of the embankment in open areas,

• Measures will be taken to prevent earth and stone material from blocking existing drainage structures on sections along or close to water channels

• Measures will be taken to ensure that storm water drains and highway drainage system are periodically cleared to maintain water flow

• Drainage system comprising drains of sufficient size will be provided at locations of underpasses so that they keep functioning during the rainy season in accordance with designed flow

• Proper landscaping will be done to restore topography of the Project Area

• Tree plantation and grass turfing (in median) will done throughout the corridor of the expressway

• Photographic record of topography and drainage pattern of the area before and after will be maintained to maximum restore it as it was before construction,

7,2.6 Access Problems

As the proposed expressway will be an entry restricted highway, provided with the fences on its both sides; therefore after its construction residents will find difficulty in crossing the expressway, CrOSSing of cattle, tractors and trolleys will also be a problem, The farmerslland owners, whose lands will be divided due to the passing of KLE, will feel great difficulty in cultivating and managing their lands, This is a major negative impact and needs proper mitigation, This impact is permanent and moderate negative in nature,

Mitigation: Mitigation measures will include:

• Underpasses will be provided for cattle and vehicles and overhead bridges for pedestrians, in the design to minimize the impact

• Crossing ways along the main water courses for the management of irrigation by the farmers will be provided in the design

7.2.7 Safety Concerns

Impacts: Tiredness due to long distance may result in fatal accidents and in turn may damage the surface of expressway, Heavily loaded trucks and trailers may damage the surface of the road,

Mitigation Measures: Mitigation measures will include:

• Rest and service areas will be provided at proper location to facilitate users to have short travel break;

• Weighing station will be provided at entrance places of the expressway; and

• safety Signs will be provided at curves and other speed sensitive areas,

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7.3 Potential Impacts of Activities during Construction and Mitigation Measures

7.3.1 Setting up Project Facilities

Impacts: The construction of this expressway will require acquisition of privately owned land on either a permanent or temporary basis, The Contractors will require land for:

• Construction camps and facilities, i.e" storage, equipment parking and washing areas

• Sources of borrow material/earth-fill

• Aggregate quarries

• Asphalt plants

• Access roads for haulage

• Disposal sites and procedures for the safe disposal of surplus construction and waste material.

The total area required for establishing temporary project facilities is estimated at 20 ha, spread over a collective stretch of about 100 km, in addition to this utilizing land for project activities, and the subsequent operation of increased traffic on the highway may induce temporary as well as permanent changes in the existing land use pattern. This is temporary minor negative impact in nature,

Mitigation

• Asphalt plant will be located 500m downwind from populated areas, wild life habitats

• Similarly contractor's camp will be located at a minimum distance of 500 m away from existing settlements, built-up areas.

• Wastelbarren land, i.e" areas not under agricultural or residential use, and natural areas will be used for setting up project facilities, There are many such areas along the proposed alignment.

• Further the land will be acquired directly from private landowners by the Contractors,

• The proviSions of the Land Acquisition Act, 1894 will not be invoked where the acquisition of the land is temporary, and will be covered by short-term lease agreements between the landowners and Contractors.

• Rental terms will have to be negotiated to the satisfaction of the landowners concerned. Given that there is no compulsory land acqUisition, conflicts between the Contractors and landowners are unlikely.

• The staff of the Directorate of Land and Social will monitor the process of restoration and will ensure, through the terms of the construction contract that landowners are compensated according to the terms of the lease agreements, and the restoration actions agreed upon by the Contractors are duly carried out.

• This will be ensured by using photo-documentation of the existing land prior to acquisition which will be useful to resolve conflicts between the landowners and Contractors anse.

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_____ ___ =Enl';ro~.~nenwt impact Asse,~,\'ment of K.ha.:1eH'aJ~Lo(~!.!ran Expressway Projecl (E5)

• Before commencing construction activities, the Contractors will submit a development plan to Directorate of Land and Social of NHA for approval.

1.3.2 Construction Waste

Due to construction activities, waste will be generated at construction site and contractor's camp site. The construction waste will include wastewater, oil spillage from machinery and solid waste etc. This will result in unhygienic conditions, health risk to work force and general public at the camp site. Following are the types and sources of construction waste:

• Oil, grease etc. from construction machinery;

• Solid waste from extra construction material and food;

• Wastewater from washing and sprinkling; and

• Sanitary waste from staff toilets.

Impact: Surface water may get contaminated because of the disposal of construction waste generated due to the project activities. This contamination will not only endanger the aquatic life but also result in jeopardizing the health of natives that use this water for meeting domestic requirement. In addition to that, construction waste, if left unattended will result in forming leachate which will percolate through the soil strata and reach the underground water table and hence, will end up in contaminating it. This impact is temporary and minor negative in nature.

Mitigation: Mitigation measures will include.

• The surface waler and groundwater reserves will be adequately protected from any source of contamination such as the construction and oily waste that will degrade its potable quality.

• The solid waste will be disposed off in designated landfill sites to sustain the water quality for domestic requirements.

• Regular water quality monitoring will be done according to determined sampling schedule;

• The contractor will ensure Ihat construction debris do not find their way into the drainage or irrigalion canals which may get clogged;

• Proper care will be taken during construction of road above or near the water channels so that no damage could be made due to construction activities.

• Any damage/disturbance made to the irrigation channels will be reinstated during the construction;

• Prohibition of washing of machinery and vehicles in surface waters, and provision of sealed washing basins and collection of the wastewater in sedimentation/retention pond;

• Construction work close to the streams or other water bodies will be avoided, especially during monsoon period; and

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• Wastes will be collected, stored and taken to the approved disposal site.

• Wastewater effiuent from contractor's workshop and equipment washing yards will be passed through Septic Tanks to remove oill grease contaminants before discharging it into natural streams',

• Construction camps will be established in areas with adequate natural drainage channels in order to facilitate flow of the effluents.

• Training of working force in the storage and handling of materials and chemicals that can potentially cause soil contamination;

• Solid Waste generated during construction will be safely disposed in demarcated waste disposal sites and the contractor will provide a proper waste management plan; and

• Sanitary wastes generating from staff and labour camps will be disposed off in environment friendly manner, I.e, provision of septic tank etc. for toilet wastes,

7.3.3 Borrow/Open Pits

One of the important issues during construction will be the borrow areas that will have an environmental impact on the topography of that area also. 14 Million cubic meter of earthwork is involved in the construction of embankments.

Impact: Borrow/open pits and their excavation activities may result in land disputes. soil erosion, loss of potential cropland, loss of vegetation, landscape degradation, and damage to road embankments,

Borrow/open pits may become potential sources of mosquito breeding and may prove hazardous to human beings, livestock and wildlife. This will also degrade hygieniC condition of the Project Area. This impact will be permanent and moderately adverse in nature.


• Necessary permits will be obtained for any borrow pits from the relevant authority:

• No excavations will be allowed within 300 metres (150 metres on each side from the centre of road);

• No agricultural fertile land will be used for borrow material;

• Soil erosion along the borrow pit will be regularly checked to prevenV mitigate impacts on adjacent lands;

• In case borrow pits are filled with water, measures will be taken to prevent the creation of mosquito-breeding sites;

• The borrow pits will be fenced to avoid any accidents; .and

• None of the borrow areas will be used for landfilll waste dumping site

• Photographic record of borrow areas before and after taking soil will be regularly maintained and It will be ensured that proper landscaping is done

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7.3.4 Air Quality

7.3.5

The air quality with respect to SPM is already high in the Project Area; the dust emission as a result of construction activities will further aggravate the conditions during construction Air qualrty will be affected by fugitive dust and emissions from construction machinery, asphalt plants, and vehicular traffic during the construction phase. Emissions may be carried over long distances, depending on wind speed and direction, the temperature of the surrounding air, and atmospheric stability.

The critical sources of air pollution during the construction phase are listed below: i. Asphalt plants that generate toxic emissions containing unburnt carbon

particulates, sulfur compounds, and dust from aggregate preparation

ii. Quarry areas that generate fugitive dust during rock blasting and crushing

iii. Earthen haulage tracks that generate dust, particularly during loading and unloading processes

iv. Emissions from construction machinery Dust emissions due to wind blowing and movement of construction machinery on earthen paths and emission of hydrocarbons from vehicular traffic.

Mitigation measures: Mitigation measures will include:

• Quarry areas and asphalt plants will be located at least 500 m downwind from populated areas, wildlife habitats and Contractors' camps, to minimize the impact of dust emissions.

• Asphalt, hot mix and batching plants will be equipped with dust control equipment such as fabric filters or wet scrubbers to reduce the level of dust emissions.

• The NEQS applicable to gaseous emissions generated by construction vehicles, eqUipment, and machinery, will be enforced during construction works.

• Dust emissions will be controlled by eqUlpplng asphalt, hot mix and batching plants with fabric filters or wet scrubbers to reduce the level of dust emissions

• Surface will be treated with gravel, and sprinkling water across diversion tracks, if required;

• Haul trucks carrying aggregate fill materials will be kept covered with canvass sheet to help contain construction material being transported between sites

• Workers will be provided with dust mask, when necessary and dust collection system will be ensured at crushers and by continuous sprinkling of water

Increase in Ambient Sound Level

The various kinds of construction machinery will generate sound that may lead to noise level above the pemnissible limits. Noise is one of the most pervasive environmental problems in the urban areas especially on the road side. Noise pollution will be due to increase in mobility and construction activity.

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____ Er:vironmentallmpaCI Assessment of Khanewal-Lodhran Ex.p.TesS1FQY Project (ES)

Impact: Constant noise has health impacts like damage the lungs and ear drum, constant headache, increase in blood pressure, and hypertension etc. However, this impact will be temporary but moderate negative in nature. Table 7.3 shows the impacts of high noise levels on the human beings and Table 7.4 shows the noise levels generating from the construction machinery and equipment.

Table 7.3 Maximum Limits of Noise Levels

INolse Level dB fA) . Situation ....... __ .~. __ . __ ~ ____ -I I 194 Lung dama::sgce ___ _

180 Ear drum rlJpture ,_' _..... 150 Absolute limitwith ears protec:::t.::ed=-_____ ---,

150 ! Maximum of instantaneous noise 135 ! Absolute maximum with ears unprotected ----1

.-... ---:100-~] Prolonged noise causing perma~Emt damag;;Le::"""_--1 L~ 90 • Factory\'iork for an 8-hourday, 5 days a week L *85 ! ECir protecti()n_should be worn

80 . Noise on building or construction sites::c:-___ --I L_~ 70 ...... Norm<:ilro.ad traffic nearreSid(lT1t"'ia:;,lc=a"'reC"aC"s'--__ ~

Source: Hussain, M., Environmental Degradation" * Above 85 dB(A) ear protection devices should be worn.

Table 7.4 Noise levels of construction equipment observed

at a distance of 5 meters

! Sr. No. Equipment I Noise dB(A) i

! 1 Wheeled loading i 90 !

I 2~ Grader _~-.~-~i2Q --J 3 Vibratign pavement rOIl(lr i 86~ ~ 4 . _f-wheel vibration DavelT1/lnt roller. -+__ 81 i

5 3-wheelpavement roller ........ _~ 8761·· ••••. -.-.~. 6 I Tire pavement roller 7 Bulldozer

~--

86 I

8 ! Wheelecl.pneum alic dredQer 84 .- """"" .. ----- ---_ .... -9,Sraer 87 1_0 __ Power generator 98 11 .1m pact drill , 87 12 Impact pile drive r 112 13 Truck 92 14 Concrete mixer 91 ----_ ..... _------15 Concrete pump,-- 85

.... - ..... 96 ! er and rock crusher -- ~---~l I

ner 95

16 'Mobile lift c .... · .=-c7.--;-----17 • PneIJl11atic hamm 18 . Bre",a",k",e:....r ,,-__ 19 Pneumatic span

Source: Environmental Assessment Report of Guangzhou CIty Centre Inner Ring Road Project (1997)

7-11

Mitigation: All mitigation measures mentioned below will be taken in order to minimize the impacts of noise in the Project Area, These measures include, but are not limited to the following:

• Selection of latest equipment and plant with reduced noise level ensured by suitable in-built damping techniques and appropriate muffing devices,

• Confining excessively noisy work will be confined to normal working hours in the day,

• Workers will be provided with suitable hearing protection like ear cap, ear muffs etc,

• Use of heavy machinery like percussion hammers and pneumatic drills will be avoided especially during night time; and

• Rock crushing, concrete mixing and material shipment yards will be located away from settlements

7.3.6 Water Resources

This subsection explains how the project area will be affected in terms of water resource use also describes mitigation measures to manage these impacts.

Impact on Water Resources

The surrounding area's drainage system and water resources will be affected by construction activities as follows:

• Local water supplies will need to be tapped to meet campsite and construction requirements, bringing its use into competition with local use,

• Depletion of local community water resources due to use of water for construction activities, sanitary purpose and consumption by contractor staff etc,

Mitigation Measures: The Contractors will carry out the following measures to mitigate the impact on local community water resources where required:

• In areas where potable water is in short supply, the availability of water will be assessed to evaluate the impact on community resources.

• Approval from the local administration and representatives of the provincial irrigation department will be obtained before using local water resources for construction works and consumption needs

• The Contractors will be required to maintain close liaison with local communities to ensure that any potential conflicts related to common resource utilization for.project purposes are resolved quickly,

• Guidelines will be established to minimize the wastage of water during construction activities and at campsites,

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7.3.7 Disturbance in Public Utilities

Impact: The implementation of proposed project may create disruption in the public services and inconvenience for public utilities. This impact will be temporary and may be considered as moderately negative in nature.

Mitigation: Mitigation measures will include timely completion of the construction work and provision of alternate routes during the construction. Provision in design and budget will be made for relocation of the existing utilities infrastructures wherever required and necessary. All public utilities (e.g. water pipes. powerl telephone lines) likely to be affect ed from the expressway construction need to be redesigned/strengthened well ahead of time before the actual commencement of road construction works.


Impact: Due to construction activities, there more risk of aCCidents and health loss. Non compliance of health and safety procedures can also take life of a workman. This temporary and moderate negative impact in nature.

Mitigation: Following measures will be taken to mitigate this impact:

• It will be ensured that machines and mechanical instruments will be used as per the manufacturers' instruction.

• No vehicle will be reversed without a person, deputed to take care of the safe free space available for doing so.

• Manual jobs will be done In the confined area, where vehicle entrance will be prohibited during the work.

• General public will be provided with safe paths for crossings, which will be marked clearly. Warning sign board in local language will be displayed near the work area.

• All workers will be provided personal protective equipment(PPEs)

• Complying with safety precautions for construction workers as per the International Labour Organization (ILO) Convention No. 62 as far as applicable to the project contract.

• Induction training of workers in construction safety procedures, environmental awareness, equipping all construction workers with hard boots, helmets, gloves, and protective masks, and monitoring their proper and sustained usage.

• Displaying warning signs along the work site, communicating advance warnings to local communities, and using protective deVices (e.g., wire containment mats) to enhance blasting safety.

• Taking necessary measures to ensure the safety of traffic during construction, including barricades (including signs, pavement markings, flags, and lights) erected and set up as per local regulations.

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7.4 Biological Environment

The impact of project on flora and fauna due to construction activities and the corresponding mitigation measures are described below.

7.4.1 Flora

Impact on Flora

The construction activities of the proposed Project are not expected to affect surrounding vegetation to a significant degree, since project works will be confined within the RoW

Mitigation Measures: The Contractors will implement the following measures to mitigate any potential loss of vegetation and to enhance the existing vegetation cover:

• The Contractors will ensure that there is minimal disruption to the area's vegetation. Trees or shrubs will be felled only if they impinge directly onto sites demarcated for permanent works or necessary temporary works. and with prior approval from the NHA's Supervision Consultant and Punjab Forest Department.

• Construction vehicles, machinery and equipment will remain confined within their designated areas of movement.

• An afforestation program has been incorporated into the outline project design to compensate for the anticipated loss of vegetation during construction activities, and to help abate pollution caused by emissions, dust, and noise during highway operation. Under the program, four tree will be planted for every cut tree.

In addition, the NHA will provide funds to the Punjab Forest Department for implementing further afforestation programs on a deposit work basis under the NHA's approved afforestation policy. The forest department will be fully responsible for the success of such plantation programs, which will also include a five-year maintenance provision,

7.4.2 Fauna

7.4.3 Impact on fauna: Only one wildlife sanctuary, Pirawala Irrigation Forest is located in the project area but it is more than 20 km from the proposed alignment.

Mitigation Measure: Not required

7.5 Socio-Economic Impact! Poverty Alleviation

National Environmental POlicy of the Government of Pakistan emphasizes on the achievement of environmental sustainability and poverty reduction to enhance the economic growth, It emphasizes on increasing the economic activity in the Project Area by involvement of local people in the project related activity.

Impact: in this connection, local labour will be hired for the construction works, which will provide them an opportunity to develop their skills and capacities, After serving in this ProJect, the local people will be able to utilise their skills in future endeavours,

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____ ~ ~~E1!vironmental Jmp~c' Asses~·meni Ql }e:~nel!'a/-Lodhran E:xpl'es,)'W .. oy Pl'qject (£5)

As a result of Road improvement, prices of nearby lands, especially in the areas near interchanges, will increase that will be a positive thing for the local people, This is a moderate positive impact and will help in alleviating the poverty,

Mitigation: Not needed

7,5.1 Spread of Contagious Transmittable Diseases

Impact: Workers in the working camps can involve in very serious sexually transmittable diseases i,e, HIVIAIDS, Hepatitis Band C, etc, Main reason for this ' is the long absence of workers (especially married ones) from their homes, This is a permanent and minor negative impact. ,

Mitigation: Mitigation measures for this impact include:

Maximum labour will be hired from the Project Area and hiring of labour from other areas will be discouraged, Labour will be provided at least two leaves (other than Sundays) in a month; and workers will be provided with information about the HIVIAIDS and Hepatitis. and preventive measures to be adopted to protect themselves against these life claiming diseases,

7.6 Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures during Operation

The following aspects of the activities of operation of expressway are considered to assess their potential impacts, both adverse and beneficial, the adverse impacts will be mitigated through measures suggested in EIA.

7.6.1 Increase in Traffic Volume

Impact: Due to in crease in traffic volume the level of green house gasses like Carbon dioxide will increase,

Mitigation: Tree plantation in excess i.e" total 249,750 tree saplings will be planted (Detail is provided in EMP) which will act as carbon sink, Further vehicle emissions will be regularly monitored to comply with NEQS,

7.6.2 Air Quality

Impact on Air Quality: The time-bound increase in traffic volume will induce a correlative increase in vehicular emissions, CO levels are expected to remain within the suggested limit of 35 ppm, SOx and NO, levels, too. are unlikely to surpass the suggested limits of 140 ppb and 106 ppb, respectively, by 2024,

Mitigation Measures: The road quality of the proposed expressway as envisaged under the project will help reduce traffic-related emissions in the short term by allowing a smoother traffic flow, In the long term, however, increasing traffic levels will lead to increase in green house gas emissions causing pollution levels well above acceptable international standards, Accordingly, the NHA will adopt the following measures to reduce the impact of highway traffic on air quality:

• The NHA will set up a system to monitor air quality along the project corridor in accordance .with accepted international standards, The system will cover protocols for sampling and analYSiS, assessment of air quality at sensitive locations, reporting, and information sharing, The NHA will

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coordinate all efforts in this area with the EPA and local authorities concerned.

• The NHA will facilitate the EPA in monitoring vehicular emissions in collaboration with the National Highway and Motorway Police (NHMP), motor vehicle examiners, organizations of fleet owners and transporters, and the local authorities concerned.

• Where emissions exceed the prescribed limits at specific locations, the NHA will help the owners and occupants of affected premises to identify and implement special measures to help reduce air pollution. These measures will include aforestation to increase carbon sink and to act as barriers to dispersion of pollutants into the premises.

1.6.3 Noise

In addition to the measures listed above, long-term initiatives managed by the Government of Pakistan, Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Resources, and the National Energy Conservation Center will help to mitigate the adverse impact on air quality. These include measures Initiated under the Pakistan Clean Fuels Program reviewing gasoline. and HSD specifications affecting emissions; launching a nationwide move towards lead-free gasoline; and tightening other gasoline parameters like desulphurization of diesel to improve fuel quality. In addition, the Fuel Efficiency in the Road Transport Sector (FERTS) project is promoting improved vehicle maintenance practices and a countrywide network of modern tune-up facilities.

Similarly, although not yet approved Pakistan Clean Air Programme (PCAP), when implemented will help in mitigating the long term impact of air pollution. Secondly, being signatory of Kyoto Protocol. the implementation of phased Euro Standards by the Government of Pakistan will also help in reducing air pollution.

Impact: Due to increase in traffic volume, noise is also expected to increase. This impact is permanent and moderate negative.

Mitigation: Adequate noise barriers such as hedges and indigenous tree species will be planted to reduce the noise. Further improvement will be made with the help of National Highway and Motorway Police (NHMP) by enforcing the laws and getting the vehicles tested, regularly after a specific time period, by some reputable vehicle testing laboratory and obtaining a clearance certificate. Pressure horns will be banned and vehicles using them will be fined by NHMP.

1.6.4 Economic Impact

Impact: Improved road condition will promote community development schemes and better business opportunities such as new petrol pumps, gas stations and restaurants etc. In addition, such an activity will also increase the land value that will benefit the local residents. This impact is permanent and major positive in nature.

Mitigation: Not required

1-16

7.6.5 Maintenance of Vehicles

Impact: Improved road condition will result in less wear and tear to vehicles and will result in cost saving. It will also reduce the fuel consumption

This impact is permanent and major positive in nature.

Mitigation: Not required.

7.6.6 Time Saving

Impact: Due to increase in speed and undisturbed flow of traffic, traveling time will be saved to reach at destination. Trade will improve due to better transport opportunities. This impact is permanent and major positive in nature.

Mitigation: Not required.


Impact: Fatal accidents may occur due to over speeding and overtaking on the Expressway, which may result in irreparable loss of lives. Road surface may be damaged due to improper maintenance. In addition service and rest areas need to be properly maintained with passage of time.


• National Highway and Motorway Police (NHMP) will enforce the speed limit to ensure that no such violations take place They will impose penalties on violators of traffic rules.

• Emergency response procedures will be developed and followed in case of any emergency.

• Time to time maintenance of road surface will be ensured

• During maintenance safety signs will be erected and work area will be confined with temporary barriers to avoid any accident during working

• Maintenance of rest and service areas will be ensured

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SECTION 8

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

8.1 General

This section provides brief description of environmental issues, mitigation measures to eliminate adverse environmental and social impacts, institutional arrangement for the implementation of the mitigation measures and also carrying out enVironmental monitoring for air quality, water quality, and noise pollution related parameters. A budgetary plan will also be developed indicating estimated costs to be incurred to mitigate potential adverse impacts of the proposed Project.

8.2 Objectives of the Environmental Management Plan

The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) will help NHA address the future adverse environmental impacts of the proposed Project, enhance the Project's overall benefits and introduce standards of good environmental practice. The primary objectives of the EMP are to:

• Define the responsibilities of the Project Proponent and other role players during the design, construction and the operational phases;

• Facilitate the implementation of the mitigation measures by providing technical details of each Project impact, and proposing an implementation schedule of the proposed mitigation measures;

• Develop a monitoring mechanism and identify monitoring parameters to ensure that all the proposed mitigation measures are completely and effectively implemented;

• Identify training requirements at various levels and provide a plan for the implementation of training sessions:

• Identify the resources required to implement the EMP and outline corresponding financing arrangements: and

• Providing cost estimate for all the proposed EMP actions.

8.3 Key Environmental Issues

Following are the key issues, which are associated with the proposed Project:

• Loss of agricultural land and associated infrastructures;

• Identification of appropriate locations for construction camp(s), borrow and quarry areas, asphalt plants, batching plants, fuel and chemical storage areas, haul routes and disposal sites for construction waste;

• Change in topography and existing drainage pattern

• Soil erosion and contamination during construction stage

8-1

• Deterioration of air quality and water quality

• Increase in noise levels

• Disposal of solid and liquid waste

• Impacts on flora (cutting of trees)

• Occupational health and safety issues of workers and spread of communicable diseases on site)

• Change in local economic conditions

• Access/crossing problem

• Socio-cultural issues

• Disruption of public utilities

8.4 Institutional Arrangement

8.4.1 General

This sub-section describes institutional framework and defines roles and responsibilities of different role players in the implementation of the proposed mitigation measures during the design, constructional and operational phases.

The executing agency of the proposed Project will be NHA General Manager (Environment, Aforestation, Land and SOCial) of NHA will be the overall in-charge of the Project. He will delegate the supervisory responsibilities of the Project to the Project Director

The General Manager (EALS) will have Environmental Monitoring Consultants, arrangement of NHA

team of qualified environmentalists and Figure 8.1 shows the institutional

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Punjab will act as the overall regulatory body. The specific roles of key functionaries are described hereunder.

8.4.2 National Highway Authority (NHA)

a) Project Director

The Project Director will be responsible for successful implementation of the proposed Project. He will be assisted by the Supervision Consultant.

b) Director (Environment & Afforestation)

The Director (E&A) will be the overall in-charge for handling the NHA's obligations with respect to the EMP. The Deputy Director (Environment) and Deputy Director (Afforestation) will be responsible for ensuring that the provisions of the EMP are effectively implemented. They will also coordinate with the EPA, Punjab, provincial Agricultural, NGOslCBOs and other public/private sector organizations. He will be assisted by the Assistant Director (EnVironment) for the execution of the EMP.

8-2

-

8.4.3 Design Consultant

The Design Consultant will ensure that all the mitigation measures proposed for the design phase are incorporated in the final design and included in the contract documents.

8.4.4 Supervision Consultant

The Supervision Consultan! appointed by NHA will be headed by a "Project Manager", who will be a qualified engineer. He, along with his team, will supervise the proposed Project Contractor(s) to ensure quality of work and fulfilment of contractual obligations. He will recruit one Environmental Specialist I Monitoring Consultant (MC) who will:

• Ensure that all the environmental and social provisions comply with the applicable standards;

• Ensure that day-to-day construction activities are carried out in environment friendly manner;

• Organize periodic environmental training programmes and workshops for the Contractors' staff and NHA site staff in consultation with the NHA; and

• Develop "good practices" construction guidelines to assist Contractors and NHA staff in implementing the EMP.

.=,1 '~'l ~ MEMBER I.

II (Planoin.,) II MEMBER

~Cor:stru::b)n)

MEMBER (;)peratlonsi

Deputy Director (Lane Acoulsl:.'on)

Ass:stant 0ifec~or (Land ACC1UisJioni

Director (Lar:d s.~ Socia!)

Deputy Director (SIA ,~< LAFt?)

Ass:st8n~ Dlre':to! :Slfo, 8.: LAf~O)

Figure 8.1

! Deputy Director

(Env:r::Jnment)

A.ssIstar: Dime-tor (Env'r~)nr:l8-ntj

Deputy Director (Atc~esto,jon)

ASslstar: Director (Atoresta:ictr)

Organogram of NHA to present the institutional arrangement for implementation of EMP of proposed Project

8-3

-

-

8.4.5 Construction Contractor

The EMP will be made a part of the contract agreement and the Contractor(s) will ensure that all the proposed Project activities are in compliance with the EMP and NEQS.

8.5 Specific Implementation Responsibilities

This section describes the implementation and supervision responsibilities of the personnel involved at different phases of the proposed Project.

8.5.1 Design Phase / Pre-Construction Phase

The Director (Environment & Aforestation) and his staff with the assistance of EIA Consultant will be responsible for ensuring that the proposed Project design and specifications adequately reflect the EMP. He will ensure the Project's compliance with environmental regulations and donor requirements: and ensure stakeholders participation in the Project desigr].

The responsibilities of the Director (Environment & Aforestation) may be briefly described as follows:

• To coordinate with regulatory agencies including EPAs, EIA Consultant, local NGOs, that could assist NHA in independent reviews of environmental and social compliance;

• To supervise environmental assessment reports, and provide substantial inputs and guidance to EIA Consultant:

• To get approval of EIA from the EPA (Punjab); and

• To ensure that the Design Consultant has incorporated all the mitigation measures proposed for the deSign phase in the design and included in the contract documents.

Specifically, before the start of the Project, the NHA's Deputy Director (SIA and LARP) will ensure that the following activities are carried out in a transparent manner and according to the acceptable standards:

• Identifying and verifying the PAPs on the basis of specified documents;

• Identifying which public facilities and utilities need to be relocated;

• Identifying alternative resettlement sites for PAPs;

• Carrying out consultation and dissemination campaign with regard to compensation procedures, entitlement packages, and the proposed alternative resettlement sties;

• Preparing individual entitlement files:

• Preparing and approving compensation budgets;

• Ensuring that an adequate notice period be issued to tile PAPs before shifting; and

8-4

--

-

• Providing shifting assistance to displaced squatters and to assist squatterowners to salvage their facilities as per the World Bank Guidelines,

8.5.2 Construction Phase

NHA will appoint Supervision Consultant, who along with the Deputy Director (Environment), Deputy Director (Afforestation) and their staff will oversee the working of the Contractor in accordance with the EMP,

• Supervision Consultant will liaise with the Project staff and staff of the Environment and Aforestation Directorate of NHA to monitor environmental compliance during construction;

• He will supervise the construction activities and get technical support, where necessary, from Directorate of Environment and Aforestation of NHA to ensure compliance with the EMP;

• He will monitor the progress of work and adherence of the Contractor to the EMP; and report to Directorate of Environment and Aforestation,

• He will direct the Contractor to work in such a manner that all the proposed Project activities are in compliance with the EMP.

8.5,3 Operation Phase

8.6

The Deputy Director (Environment) with Assistant Directors will be responsible for the following'

• Coordinating with the operational staff working under the Regional General Manager (Operations) to monitor environmental compliance during the proposed Expressway operation;

• Assessing the long-temr environmental impacts of proposed Expressway operation;

• Sustaining a working partnership among NHA, EPD (Punjab), Agricultural, Forest and Wildlife Departments of Punjab, NGOs and other related publicprivate sector organizations;

• Reporting to the General Manager (EALS) about progress of the work; and

• Reporting on environmental perfomrance monitoring and compliance to the Punjab EPD and District Environment Offices in the area.

Environmental Mitigation Plan

The Environmental Mitigation Plan is developed to eliminate and I or mitigate the impacts envisaged at the design, construction and the operation stages and provide specific guidelines for long-term monitoring by identifying the roles and responsibilities of the Proponent. Supervision Consultant, and Contractor(s). The cost of each proposed mitigation measure is also provided in the EMP to ensure that they are made part of the total Project cost. Tables 8.1(a, b and c) present the environmental aspects, issues, mitigation measures, implementation responsibility and the costs incurred at all the stages.

8-5

1

--

,---

Aspect Impacts

, ,

Table 8,1 (a)

!

Env~ronmenta! Impact Assessment of Khancwal-{vdhran r::.x:pressH'a)'(~-5)

Environmental Mitigation Plan (Design Phase)

Mitigatioo Measures i Responsibilityi -!

I----_________ + _____________ ~L. --.--- -- -- _ ------ ~ Cost I

-' Implementation I Supervision _.. '

! Design i NHA , The land acquisition and I land Acquisition, Resettlement dislocation of people

j Flora and FaLlna

, ,

Loss of 2167 acres agricultural land

Loss of agricultural production due to land acquisition

Resettlement of 133 structures

Resettlement of the affectees will cause negative impact on their lives. They will have to shift their houses and bUSiness setups permanently

Selection of the alignment in such a way that less productive Jand will come within RoW

Compensation to be provided to the affected people as per Land Acquisition Act 1894 and World Bank's InVOluntary Resettrement Polley (OPIBP 412) ior the lost assets and restoration of their livelihoods

A separate Resettlement Action Plan (RAP} is being developed to minimize involuntary resettlement to ensure that the persons to be displaced have their former riving standards and income earning capacity improved or at least restored to original position.

Consultant ! I resettlement cosl will be i ! included in the total I

[I Project cost I , I

i I I I I I i I

I I ' I ! I

r I

Loss oHop soil and cutting of I ~ A total 249,750 trees will be planted 'I' - - -DeSign - - '1

1

-- -NHA - i The costs of plantation 5,206 t~'e~s (lncludmg frUIt and I ~ Avoiding vegetation !ass and tree cutting as Consultant, ! an~ other fa?llltlcs \-vlli non-frUIt trees) I' much as possible within the RoW while I I I' be ,.neluded In the total

. designing the proposed Expressway Project cost.

presence and protection of fauna! 1 - --. ---- .~-- -- -- .. -- ----- --

'II Providing trame sign~ to alert drivers for the I I I'

8--6 •

! 1 I ~

Em'ironmentaJ Assessment r;xpressway(1::."-!) --------------------------------------------------~------~.

1- Aspect

1-------1 Topography and I Drainage

I Public Utilities

~ .. -_. i ResponsibilitY ~··T

Impacts Mitigation Measures I 1- ~ -'I Cost Implementation supervi.s~:.:io::n:._t---------~

Change in topograPhydue to I' ~ - Proper landscapi.ng (construction of stone 'II Design : - -NHA I The costs of plantation erection af structures like pitching/riprap across the embankments) Consultant and cross-dralOage ~mbankmcnts, interchanges, i-Proper landscapmg will be done to restore 'I 1 ~tructure~ wirl be ffYOvers, underpasses I topography of the Project Area Included In the total Alt t· . h . t· I I Pro)·.ct cost ~ra ron in t e eXls Irg T~ee plantation and grass tu~ng (in median) 'I I· drainage pattem will dene throughout the corridor of the

I expressway 1 I ; Photographic record of topography and . drainage pattern of the area before and after

will be maintained to maximum restore it as it was before construction.

Providing cross-drainage structures (curverts of suffiCIent sizes for the purpose of carrying designed water flaws and also cleaning to avoid dcposihon of sm on the bed)

.--~ -------+-----'--·---t-------Not required

Disruption of eXisting public t - Avoid disruption of the exisMg pubfic utilities as I utilJties (electricity, fiber optical much as possible while selecting the proposed cable) alignment

Payment for damage and relocation of public I utiHties to the concerned departments

8-7

Design Consultant

DeSign Consultant

& NHA

I

NHA Costs of providing Vehicular Box Culverts {underpasses) is

NHA

included in the total Project cost.

The costs for damage l and relocation of all the I affected public utilities will be included in the total Project cost I

~

l

Environmental Assessment Expre.\'SH'oy(I';-5j

,------ I I I Aspect! Impacts I

II Saf~ty Concerns ! - Betterroad conditions Wi!! a!-s-o--1!-.--p-ro-v--;s-;-o-n-O-f-w-a-'-m-n-g-s-;g-n-s-n-e-a-r-cr-o-s-s-;n-g-s-a-n-d-

j result In increase in speed of I approach roads I I the vehicles, ~hich can be i'l I - Clear indication of speed Hrnits especially in j I reason of accidents 'I' populated areas

I I' Provision of pedestrian bridges at appropriate ~~, ' locations

I ~aseline 1- Future projects can be affected 1- Development of Management Information i EnvllOn':1ental I due to incompetent designing in , System (MIS} ~ Informat!on ! the absence of correct data. I

Mitigation Measures

8-8

Responsibility , --T~ ---.. ·1

I";-Plementatio~l- $UpervisionL. Cost ,

Design NHA 'I The costs will be 'I

Consultant included in the total ! Project cost. .

NHA NHA Costs wi!1 be borne by NHA.

I I ,

T

1~nvironmeI11a/ Impact Assessment ufKhanewal-LodlwGn Expressway(E-5)

Table 8.1 (b) Environmental Mitigation Plan (Construction Phase)

, I Aspect I Impacts I Mitigation Measures

Topography ~I- movement of contractor's "i-- Confinement of the construction activities to cause minimum damage to the topography of the area

contractor Will mark tracks for vehicular movement

Soil

vehicles and machinery will j alter the topography I

Only defined paths will be used by Hle Contractor

------- ~----- --- ----- ---- -~---

SOli erosion may occur Low embankments will be protected around roadside, Contractor's by planting such grass that can camps and at embankment flourish in relat~vely dry conditions:

war\(.<; as a result of Soil con1amination by fuel and unmanaged run-off from chemical storages shall be minimized equipm~nt washing yards, by siting them on an impervious base excavat'on of earth, cuttlng within an embanked area and secured operation, embankmg and by fencing The base and walls of the cleanng of vegetation embankment shaH be impermeable Wt)BreaS contamination of and of sufficient capacity to contain soil by oil and chemicals at stored fuels and chemicals;

asphalt plant Sites, The excavation of earth fil! shall be wor~shops area~ and !Imited to an approximate depth of 50 eqUipmentwashmg yards to '100 cm" may limit future use of lands "' . for the agricultural purposes, Discharge zones from dram age

stnJctures shaH be constructed with rip-rap to reduce erosion;

- Down drainsJchutes shall be hned with i

rip-rapJmasonry or concrete to prevent erosion;

The pfant site/workshop areas wi!! be restored to the original condition The contaminated soil will be removed and

Responsibility S --~ I - Cost I

Implementation ISupervision ___ ,___ I Contractor I Supervision i No additional l

Conscltant I payment will be I I ! made to the '

I I Contraclor for I these mitlgallon I

I I measures, The 'I

'I I Contractor will

I" mclude their ,

I costs in other "I

'I I Items of work in i :he BOQ i

'1-SuperviSion I Cost wi!! be -1 Consultant 'I mcluded In !

I overall 1

! contractor's cost "

1 I 1 ! I 1

Contractor

8-9 ,

I

Envi!'onmemallmpact AsseSsmci1f ofKhane\<j,·al-Lodhran E:xpresswuy(I">5)

I

Aspect Impacts I .--. -, Responsibility I-

I Mitigation Measures ' I Cost

Implementatio~ I S~upervi~ion j I

disposed at appropriate site; and I I

, - Soil contamination by asphalt wlH be ' 1

I m!~imised by placing an containers in II! ! caissons. ' I 1- Photographic record of before and I, ! after act~vjties wiH be maintained I

AU the places of existing roads, tracks, campsites and workshops will be I restored to its original condjtio(l as per

_~ ________ l~ ___ £~~~~grap~ic !~.:::.~o_r_d _______ +-__ -=--: ___ _ Boc(Qw!Open Land disputes, soil erosion, Necessary permits wil! be obtained for contractor Pits loss of potentia! cropland, any borrow Pits from the

iOSS of vegetation, landscape compctentfrelevant authorities degradation etc. No agricultural land will be used for Borrow/open pits may borrow areas becom~ potent!?1 sources of In borrow pits, the depth of the pits will mosquito breedmg and may be reguiated prove hazardous to human . beings iivestock and wildlife The sand dune~. sOil heaps an?

, barren land ava!lable In the project area will mainly used for embankments, This will cause leveling of land and save money

Where deep ditching is to be carried out, tl18 top 1 m layer of the ditching area wH! be stripped and stockpiled. The ditch will initially be "lied with scrBp material from constructfon and then' leveled with the stockpiled topsoil to make it even with the rest of the area.

The scrap materia! used wilt be examined to ensure that ~t does not contain any material likely to produce leachates or contamInate the soil.

Supervision Consultant!

NHA

The Contractor win include their costs in other items of work in the BOQ.

L -____ ..-L. ____ _

Soil erosion along the borrow Pit wi!! be regularly checked to prevent! mitigate impacts on adjacent lands

In "case borro~ pits are filled with

8-10 '-

i

r--- -r-----Aspect j Impacts

---j---------+

---+-Construction i DarT to the land due to Camp, Workshop and Associated Facilities

construction camp, workshop and Asphalt plant etc,

j

____________ ...:-I:;::'/.:;/r.c'i:..ro:.nc.'.:.II.:e.:;II:::IG,,1 Impact A.\'sessmem of Khanewal-Lodhran l::'{pressway(E-5j

I Responsibility I ----~--~---,~~--~~ Cost ___ ' _J ImPlementation,r_s_u:..pe_r_V_iS_i_Ofl-+I ________ _

MiUgation Measu res

water, measures will be taken to I I prevent the creation of mosquito-, I I breeding sites

The borrow pits will be properly I drained [n order to.avoid ponding of ! I water. Besides, pits wi!! be fenced to 1 I avoid any accidents

Photographic record of borrow pits I before and after taking materia! wiil be I maintained for proper landscaping of the pits

Asphalt plant will be located 500m downwind from populated areas, wild ljfe habitats

Similarly contractor's camp will be located at a minimum distance of :'00 m away from existing settlements, built-up areas.

V'tJasteJbarren land, Le., areas not under agricultural or residential usc, and natural areas will be used for setting up project facilities. There are ma:ly such areas along the proposed alignment.

Further the [and wi!! be acquired directly from private landowners by the Contractors.

The provisions of the Land Acquisition Act, 1894 will not be invoked where the acquisition of the land IS

temporary, and will be covered by shorHerm lease agreements between the landowners and Contractors,

Rental terms will have to be negotiated to the satisfaction of the landowners concemed. Given that there is no compulsory land acquisition, conflicts between the Contractors and landowners are

Contractor

8-11

Supervision Consultant!

NHA

I

Cost will be included in

overatl contractor's cost

I I ! I

EnFironmentallmp(Jct Assessment of Khane:wal-Lodhran

I As-pectl-----;:pacts---"~"~["--" Mitigation Measures ~---R~;~~~Si~mty . --I Cost I-- ___ ~ ~ __ ~ ___ ~_ Impleme~~~_I~~ sup~rvlslon_ll __________ -! I I unlikely_ I

I 1- This will be ensured by using photo- I I I

documentation of the eXIsting land I 1 prior to acquisition which will be useful I 1

I 1 to resolve conflicts between the I I -I landowners and Contractors arise. 1

[' , - Before commencing construction I I

i activities, the Contractors will submit a I 1

I I development plan to Directorate of L-__ ~ _~ _ ' ___ ~~~~_~~_~_~ociar of NHA for approval. -- _ ------1-..,.-------1

Construction 1 Health risk,~ work force and t Wastewator effluent from Contractor's Contractor I SupervisIon ~ost will?€ ~aste 'I genera! PUDH? a~ the ca":,p sHe I workshop and equipment washing 1 I Consultant I mcluded In Disposal . ~u~ to unhyglen!c co~djtlOns i yards will be passed through Septic I overall ,

I m;lng from the follOWing sourC'.es:! Tanks to remOVe oill wease. ,. ' t [ contractor s cost -I - Oil, grease etc. from ~ contaminants before dlsch.8:rgmg it mto I I I . construction machinery ! nat~Jr~; streams. . I 1- Solid waste from extra i Training of workm~ force rn th~ I! I construction material and I' storage and handling of materials and I I I . food; ch~mica!s t~at can potentially cause j I 1

! ~ VVastewater from wasbing ! SOli, contamination . I , I and sprinkling 1- Solid Vva~tc g~nera.ted dUf!~g I '

I· - Sanitary waste from staff constructIon WI!! be ~afC!y dIsposed Pi [

toilets demarcated waste disposal sites and I I, II the Contractor will provide a proper

waste management plan

I 1- Sanitary wastes generating from staff 1 1 ' and labour camps will be disposed off I

. { I in environment friendly manner, i.e, I I j I provision of septic tank etc. for toiiet I !, , I. '. I wastes . . ' I .. ___ ... ~ _

I Air Quality I'ncr~ase In .the f~quency of II - Dust control by equipping asphalt, hot COfllactOf SUperviSIon trl· Contractor Will

I resplra~~ry II1fectJOns such as mix and betching plants with fabric Consultant . take all I I bronchitiS I fHters or wet scrubbers to reduce the measures at his

. Senous lung damage level of dust emisslons I own cost.

j - Reduction in oxygen carrying 1- Locating the asphalt plant at least 500 I ' capacity of brood metres downward from populated

I Impairment of olfactory sense areas, wild!!fe habitats a~d_ , I-I and night vision Contractors camps to minimiSe the _J ______ -L _____ ---' l 8-12

'.

I

---- ----- . -----. ------------ Enrironmenla! Impact Assessment of Khan(!wa~~Lodhr~~ li~pres.\'11'a.1i(!~-5!

: --~ -- r-- ----[ - -~-~- --~- -I

I I· .~ I Responsibility 1 ,

Aspect Impacts Mitigation Measures 1--------4 Cost I I I Implementation Supervision I 1

1

1------- ~ -~- - T - Dryness and roughne-ss oT-- - --- impact of dust em1ssions II - -~- ~- -- --1--- I

, I the throat j - Only govemrnent approved quarry will I

Ii - ~~ve.re eye, nose and throat be used 1,

Irntat!ons Suliace treating or overlaying

1

Severe coughing and diversion tracks with gravel, and shortness of breath I sprinkHng water across diversion

, tracks

1- Ensuring that haul trucks carrying

I aggregate fill materials are kept covered with canvass sheet to help

I contam construction material being transported between sites

1- Covering the haul trucks (carrying I asphalt concrete mix and/or aggregate I fill material) with tarpaulin to help I contain construction matenal being J transported between sites

1 - Air quality will be regularly monitored

1 I - Enforcing the NEQS, WHO, USEPA i I guidelInes applicable to gaseous

I I emlssfons generated by construction vehicles, equipment and machtnery

! I through regular emissions monitoring I - Provision of Dust masks to the

1

workers. Proper dust collection system will be ensured at crushers and

! . continuous sprinkling of w~te:cr ___ _

'I Noise II Noise pollution wlll be due 10 11 - Selection of latest eq~ipment and Contractor Supervision increase in mobitity and . plant With reduced nOIse fevel ensured

I· II construction activity and wi!! have I by suitable in-built damping . ' effects {lung damage, rupture of I techniques and appropriate muffing

I lear drum, headache, and J devices . hypertenSion} in the Project Area. 1- Confining excessively noisy work to

nonnal working hours in the day

Consultant

II - Providing the construction workers

I With. suitable hearing protection irke ear cap, ear muffs ezc

- AvoIding heavy machinery fikr~ J percussion hammers an~ pneumatlc _

8-13

·1 No additiona!

1

payment wi!! be made 10 the Contractor for these mitIgation measures.

_______________________________________________________ ~E~n~l'~ir~on}nen~la~/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~j~

I ---i-' I Aspect I I I

Impacts T', Mitigation Me, asure. ' --- -- 'j-_--_-,...-CR.;.e::cs:.!p::co.;.n:.:S'_iblr-i::-li;;ty-C-:--:-1 Cost implementation Supervision 1

-----------------+I----:d;:r"lll::s-, e=,s=p:Ce:Cc=ia:;I"lyC'd-urmg night time - -- - - i

1

- Locating the rock crushing, concrete . mixing and rnalerial shipment yards I)

'I 500m away from residential areas, ' I d' I I 'I Surface I--~- Co~t~mjnation of surface , Water and water due to disposal of ! Groundwater r.onstructJon waste wiH have i ,impacts such as hazard for I I the aquatic life, health i ,hazards for the natIves that [ I use this water for meeting I . domestIc reqwrement

I ! i 1-! ,

I

Unattended construction waste wHi result tn the formation of leachate, which will percolate through the soil strata and will contaminate groundwater

parti?ularly schools, hospitals and I l ! nursmg homes . __ _ ______ --1 'I" The suriace water and groundwater \ Contractor I Supervision ,No additional

reserves will be adequately protected ' , Consultant ) payment will be 'I from any sourc-.e of contamination such! I ' made to the

as the construction ~nd oily waste that I 'I j Contractor for

I Will degrade Its quality. I I these rnitlgatlon The solid waste will be disposed off In i

l i ' measures. The

) deSignated landfili sites to sustain the , ~ I Contractor Will , water quality for domestic 1 I 'I include their

requirements I ' costs in other Regular water quality monitoring wiH j ! i Items of work in be done according to determifled I' ' '[ the 800 sampling schedule, The contractor will ensure that I 1

construction de~rls do n~t ~nd ,their ! I way Into the dramage or !rrlgatlOn ' canals which may get clogged, ' Proper care will be taken during construction of road above or near the water channels so that no damage could be made due to construction activities. Any damage/disturbance made to the irrigatlon channels will be reinstated dunng the construction To maintain the surface water flew/drainage, proper mItigation il measures will be taken along the road, like drainage structures in urban areas I Prohibition of washing of machinery I I'

and vehicles in surface waters, and ! pro¥tsion of sealed washing baSIns ~ , and coUectlon of the wastewater in 1 I sedimentation/retention pond I Construction work close to the ! streams or other water bodies will be _I _ . _____ L. _____ _

8-14

~i

--------- ---~---~.--. --EnrironmentallmpaCI Assessment ofKhonewlll-Ludhran ExpressH'ay(E-_~~

.~"--~---- -lL- Mitigation Measur~-~ ~- -~~ ~---Re;Pon-S_i_bil-itY-- ~- Cost I __ ~ _~ __ ~ ~I~mplementation ISupervision I I

I aV~jded, especial!y during monsoon I I ~ I

I Aspect-r_~_

I I

Impacts

I .

II;;;; ;n-d fl

Fauna "

I I I

~~ I··

I ~ Wastes will be collected, stored and J I I I ---_ _ i taken to the approved disposal 8(te 1 1_ Cutting of a large number of - Contractor will be bound to establish l Contractor I Supervision Contractor will trees (5,206 trees) I the staff and ~abour camps, and! Consultant

workshop at barren {non vegetative) ,I Unattended solid and liquid waste can endanger the 1ives of nearby animals

land. Camps will be confined by fencing around the area so that nQ waste can approach the flora. Proper handling of liquid and solid waste (including food waste) Provision for replantation and proper compensation to the private owners Gas stoves will be provided to workers for their cooking needs No hunting/trapping of animals will be allowed No ftrewood will be used by the contractor Only trees across paved portion of expressway will be cut Tree plantation as given in design will carried and maintained

i-A trees cuHing and planHng pian will

take these mitigation measures at his own cost

I be developed with the coordination of

.. forest depa<tment I I·

I~ SOcl~'1d- 111 _ Ertry/eXI! problems durmg I TImely completion ot construction H"_I' - - C~"';;ractor supefViSI;~ Contractor W~I Cu!tural the construction activitIes I works Consultant ! include these

I Problems I~ D!ff'culty for the people In - ProvISIon of alternate routes for the j I casts in the I I approaching their agnCultura~~resldents of the area I· I BOO I I L lands

I Traf~ -1-- - Traffic jams ~x'stmg roads - Improvemcntfupgradatlon of the - ~ t ~ CO-;;tl~~tO--;' ~Ith- SupcfVjSio~ contr~ctor;mj 'I Management due to construction vehicles! eXisting approach roads b~fore I the help of NHA Consultant I' includ: these I

1_ Increase of traffic IQad on the j construction of the new road " I and NHA i costs in the " existing highways and 1- Proper traffic management plan Will be I· I" BOQ I approach roads prepared, got approved and ,

~" ~ " "-~ --~"'--~---"--~~

8-15 < .•

I 1

EnvirOl1nrenl(li Impacl.1~_~~·>Jnenf (?f Khanewal-Lodhmt/ r:XpreS!iwClJ;(H-5)_

Il-~:p-.-ct--I-- ~~P.cts Mitigation Me:~u~es - ---1 Responsib

l ility 1· --:O:t --1

1 1 Implementation . Supervision 1 1-1- . ~'~;~~~~~e~il! be ercct:d-atm-a-j-or--l- ----- - - - - --I

l 1__ ____ _~ ~~~,~:~gs, curves and nearcommunityL 1

'I Pove.rt~ i The affectees might turn into poor i Resettlement and con:pensation in i NHA Supervision I Provided in the ! AlleviatIon 1 or vulnerable groups as a result of! such a manner that will not degrade I Consultant i

l total Project I

~ improper I the living standard of the affectces i <=lnd NHMP ! cost.

I I resetilementlcompensanon. i - ProViSiO. r: of jobs (during co. nstruction) 1 i I

lito the local people and affectees ' t'

1- Subletting minor construction works to ! ! I 1_.. I. 1 the local businessmen . ~.IJ--·· .. ...--J I H1V!AIDS 1 Long absence of workers : - Maximum locallabcur will be hired ' Contractor Supervision j Contractor will !I

I and other "I (especially married ones) from I instead of labour from other <'lreas. ) Consultant i implement these Contagious theu" homes can affect their health I Non-Ioca! !abourwil/ be given at least I ! measures at his I

,Transmittable tl through sexually transmittable two~day leaves (other than Sundays) I I own. 'I

I Oiseases ,diseases, I.e, HIV/AIDS, Hepatitis) in a month. • j \

I Band C, etc ·1- Workers will be provided with I I I I mformatlon about communicable 1 I

1_ _ _~ _~ l-~ __ _ __ ~ ___ ~ __ _ j ___ ~:~~~~~~~~~~~e~t~~:~:~~~~es to _ _ ___ ___ -1 !

I~ Safety I' - Increased air and noise l- Development and implementation of Contractor 1 SUOefVJSIOn ~ No additional -l poJiution leve!s may also I HSEJ system a1 the work srde Consultant I paymern will be I

; 1 cause hearth~related impacts i - Regdar dr!l!s will be held for ensunng I made to the I i on the workers, The wor~ers I safety Contractor for • f v..'iil also be vulnerable to ! - ,Use of macJl!~eS and mechanical these mitigation I·

l diseases due to I instruments Win be done as per the measures -1 he I indiscriminate disposal of I manufacturers) instruction; Contractor will I

SOlid waste and wastewater I ~ No vehicle will be reversed without a include their I in the Projer;t Area 1 person, deputed to take care of the costs in other I Stagnant water pools caused! safe free space available for dOing SO; items of work in i

, ?y borrow pits may also I Manual jobs will be done ~n the the BOa. I j Induce health-related Impacts j confined area, where vehicle entrance I . ·1 on the workers. J will be prohibited during the work; I

i-During cOr)struction, workers I' - Local people w,ill be pf~vide~ with safe I may get accidents due to , paths for croSSings, ~Ich .wlil be , I I

operating of construction , marked clearly. ~amm~ sign board In

vehicles and machinery I local language wIll be displayed near I , ' .. I the work area; I L

! Health loss to air poHuhon i-Training of the workers in the "i I constructIon safety: -L. _______ L ___ _

8-16 •

l

,---- - [-I Aspect r-- --.. -I I I ' ! I I .

I I I i

I I I

Impacts 1 I I

I

I i I I

I I

1-I I

I ,,-- ~~-----

Mitigation Measures

Provision or proper safety Signs where required The Contractor shall also ensure that borrow prts are left in a tidy state wlth stable side slopes and proper drainage in order to avoid creation of stagnant water bodies, which are favorable places for breeding disease vectors (flies, mosquitoes). Provision of Personal Protection Equiprnent (PPEs) to all working and supervising staff. Development and imp!ementation of HSF plans/systems at the worKsltes Regular safety rehearsals WIll also be carried out. _ _

~ ,

F:nl'ironmental impact Assessment of KhanelFal-Lodhran Expressway(E-5)

I Responsibility . ! Implementation i Supervisio~ !

-

8-17

$

/:'lwironmentallmpaCi AsseSSmenl qt Khancwaf~Lodh}"an Expressway(E-~L

Table 8.1 (e) Environmental Mitigation Plan (Operation Phase)

I-~- Aspect I Impacts ---1 Mitigation Measures 1-- --. -ResponSib:~ervlsion Cost

I ' I' I Implementation a.nd.

I ~ -~~ -'c-:--::--:-------"I- Air pollution ! _ Vehicular e~ission standards have to be" I NHA & NHMP NHA I' The cO,sts for tree

1

- Greenhouse gases like CO, C02 I COmplH&d w!th. &" plantatlO~ Will be . and CH4 will contribute to , - Extensive plantation of local species along I Punjab llnc'~ded In the total

Noise

Deterlora1ion of Vehicles

temperature ~ncrcase resu1ting in I the road side will be started (as in table HortlcuHure I Prqect cost. climatic changes I 8A a & b) at the beginning of the road I Department "

I construction so that the trees will be I &

I suffici~ntly ~rown by the time the Local Community

, operation will start 1

~ - Allowing wel1-rnaintained vehicles on the I

I. proposed Expressway I i' Helping the owners and occupants of the I'

I affected premises to identify and

I implement special measures such as i

I hedges and vegetation to reduce air I j pollution.

11

- Regular road maintenance to ensure good I surface condition

I, Fnforcement and pena!t1es against traffic

rules violators

I~ - Air quality monitoring wi!! be car. ned out

according to the prescribed schedu1e given in the Environmental MonItoring

, Plan (Table 8,2),

Provision of adequate noise barriers SLJch , NHMP increased traffic as a result of I as hedges and indigenous tree species I mitigation measures better pavement I near settlements and ecologIcally will be included in

I sensitive areas ,the total Project

I I r-co_st_, -----1 Less wear and tear of vehicles ! - Not required

trave'ing conditions i and cost saving due to improved I Reduction in the fuel consumption J "~" _,~~", __ .'-' _____ --'-

8-18 ,

I . I I I. Aspect I j Access problems to the 1-: land owners due to I divjsion of agricultural !

I

I lands I i Community ---1

1

...

I Development/Commercial I

I Activities I I I

i 1_

1 Public Health and Safety 1-

, !

1 1 I

f:nvironmentai impact Assessment of Khanewa!~L(}dhral1 E'xp,eSSlt'ay(E-5)

Impacts

·~~··~I~·- .~-. Responsibility .. -I

-1 Mitigation Measures ' i SupervfslOn I Cost

Implementation j' and

--------------+_ Monitoring I' The farmers/land owners, whose j' - Underpasses will be properly managed NHA! NHA ,Amounts earned lands will be d!vided due to the and maintained so that the cultivators I! from TaU Plazas wlll passing of KLE, will feel great don't face problems to approaching their ~be utIlised for th,S difficulty in cultivating and I' lands especial!y during the rainy seasons. ( purpose ~ managing their lands " ____ " " ____ ----+ __ ~ __ _ Improved road condition will 1- Not required I I -schemes and better business I ,

promote community development I' ! I

opportunities such as new petrol I 1 '

pumps, gas stations and I ! 1 restaurants etc. ,j . In additfon, such an activity win I I' I i also increase the land value that I- -! wm benefit the local residents. ____ ~ __ ~ i~, _-+I ____ ~

imposmg pena!t~es to traffic violators I NHMP 1 NHA 1 The cos~ will be Accidents due to overspeeding, overtaking etc. Follow up of emergency response I ! Inc1~ded In the total

praced ures . i I ProJecf cost.

~aintenance of road furniture and traffic I I signage I

--~ .

8-19

8.7 Environmental Monitoring Plan

This section provides monitoring plan describing roles and responsibilities of the Project staff that will be involved in environmental and social monitoring and also lists the parameters that will be used in the monitoring process.

8.7.1 Objectives of the Environmental Monitoring Plan

The main objectives of the Environmental Monitoring Plan at the pre-construction and construction stages are to:

• Monitor actual impacts of Ihe Project activities in relation to project baseline conditions on the phYSical, biological and socio-economic receptors within the Project corridor for indicating the adequacy of the EIA;

• Recommend mitigation measures for any unexpected impact or where the impact level exceeds that anticipated in the E IA;

• Ensure compliance with legal and community obligations;

The main objectives of the Environmental Monitoring Plan at the operational stage are to:

• Appraise the adequacy of the EIA with respect to the Project's predicted longterm impacts on the physical, biological and socio-economic environments;

• Evaluate the effectiveness of the mitigation measures proposed in the EMP and recommend improvements, if and when necessary;

• Compile periodic accident data to support analyses that will help minimise future risks; and

• Monitor the survival rate of avenue plantations.

8.7.2 Monitoring Roles, Responsibilities and Schedules

Following are the roles and responsibilities of the staff, who will be engaged in monitoring of the environmental quality parameters during all phases of the proposed Project:

a) Deputy Director (Environment)

The Deputy Director (Environment) with Assistant Director (Environment) will have overall responsibility for Environmental Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E). Following are his roles and responsibilities concerning the proposed Project:

• Ensuring the availability of human and material resources required for environmental monitoring;

• Generating periodic monitoring reports and disseminating these among the management and appropriate staff members;

• Ensuring thaI the required environmental training is provided to the staff concerned; and

8-20

• Carrying out visils to Ihe construction sites to review the environmental performance of the Contractor.

b) Contractor and Supervision Consultant

The Contractor will be responsible for environmental monitoring during the construction phase. The Supervision Consultant I Resident Engineer will monitor the performance of Ihe Contractor to make sure that the Contractor is carrying out the work in accordance with the EMP.

8.7.3 Environmental Quality Monitoring Parameters

a) Environmental Quality Monitoring

The following environmental quality parameters will be monitored at locations identified in the EnVIronmental Monitoring Plan (Table 8.2).

• Ambient Air Quality (CO, NO" SO, and PM,,)

• Water Quality

Groundwater Quality (pH, TOS, Total Hardness, Nitrate, Chloride, Sodium) Surface Water Quality (pH, D0, TSS, Alkalinity, BODs, COD, Turbidity)

• Noise Levels Allocation identified in Table 8.2

• Soil (Oil and Grease) At location identified in Table 8.2

b) Social Monitoring Parameters

Social monitoring will be carried out based on Ihe following indicators:

• Number of the PAPs to be resettled I provided livelihood assistance where required:

• Availability and adequacy of alternative resettlement sites for the PAPs (by number and type);

• Inventory and valuation of the PAPs' affected assets;

• Pre and post-resettlement incomes of the PAPs;

• Notice period given to the PAPs before shifting them from their original locations;

• Number of vulnerable PAPs compensated under the EMP;

• Verification of shifting assistance provided to displaced squatters and to squatter-owners allowed to salvage their facilities;

8-21

• Number and nature of consultations carried out, as well as targeted stakeholders;

• The PAPs' perspectives on compensation procedures, entitlement packages, and proposed alternative resetllement sites;

• Record of any problems due to restricted access to the proposed Expressway during construction and whether diversions have been provided where required;

• Number of grievances recorded and redressed;

• Number of public facilities and utilities to be relocated;

• Number of mosques and graves to be relocated and corresponding contribution of the affected communities and NHA; and

• Verification of relocation of religious structure.

8.7.4 Communication and Documentation

Progress reporting will be the overall responSibility of the Project Director. The Supervision Consultant will be responsible for submitting a monthly environmental report for the Project to GM (EALS) through Project Director. Contractor will hire a reputable Environmental Laboratory to conduct environmental monitoring as given in table 8.2. The laboratory will submit report to Contractor for further submission to Director (Environment and Aforestation), which will be reviewed by Directorate and finally be submitted to EPA (Punjab).

Contractor will implement the aforestation as in table 8.4 (a, b&c) with the coordination of Punjab Horticulture Department. In addition, Contractor will establish Environment, Health and Safety team, which will implement EHS measures. The Supervision Consultants will ensure the compliance and submit quarterly reports to Directorate of Environment and Aforestation through Project Director.

Supervision consultants will be responsible for his job as mentioned in table 8.1 (a, b & c) and will submit monthly compliance/non-compliance repQrts to directorate of environment and Aforestation through Project Director. In addition, the directorate of environment and aforestation will review these reports encompassing environmental concerns as in table 8,1 (a, b&c), and will submit report to the EPA (Punjab).

8-22

Environmental Impact Assess/lien! (!f Khanewa!~Lndhran EXpreSS11'oy(E-5l

Table 8.2 Environmental Monitoring Plan for the Construction and the Operation Stages

IEnv~~~~~~WF~"'m~- -- r De~ailS OfL~CatiOn I ~~i~~f;n~~I_s~~p~!sTFreqUency ResponsibililyDuralion Cost(Rs,),

CONSTRUCTION STAGE ~ PM,,'" Hydrocarbons &140 meter~ from hot mix IUSEPA, Wlio~' '--3-' I Bi,annually@Rs. I contr~cto;--r:-; C~ntInUOUS for 1 . n 540,000 all relevant stack i piants NMQS I 130,0001, per pOint I 24 hours or , ' emissions ; ,for three years; one full l

i kc;~k~~' S~ ' ___ " I ' " ""_". "-1,, ~_ working d,a

y

_,_un 3 I Monthly @ Rs. , ! Contlador

i 10.0001, per pOint 'I ' ! for three years ! over one fult

flNater Quality G;~;;ndw~ier; , I Near edge of the Rowand.1

1

WHO Drinking I 3 i Bi,an~uaIIY @Rs. I C~~t;~~tor-j, working, day 180,000 '

I Ph, TDS, Total I' community groundwater , Water Quality II 110,000/- per sample I I Hardness, Nitrate, I source and potable wa~er 'Guide!ines (2004) ; i for three years 'I

! I Chloride, Sodium) 1 at construct,on camp site I i i '

"Is~~ace waiee 'I Stream i2L ne,;(' '-----! WHO G~ideli~-- u 3 --- -rn~-I~nual!y @ Rs. Contractor I I 180,000 I

I pH TDS Totai ! DunyapUl, Bari Doab Sub, I I' 10,0001· per sample Ii

! Ha~dnes~, Nitrate, ! canal and any ,other source \ , for three yeals

I

Chloride, SOdium, I' near construction works I ' VOCs, Grease & Oil , ' I I

f------+I W~~iewate;i .. -. , All project-rel;ted 3 8i-annuallY@Rs'IContractor i r 180,000

I pH, TSS, BOD" wastewater discharge NEQ5 (2000) 100001- per sample U 'I

i COD, locations including camp for three years I

, I sites, asphalt plants and 'I' workshops .

5011 Quality Grease & Oil Ii WOlkshop, Asphalt plant 'USEPA'S IRIS 6: [email protected],I-'------

land any spill -+' 10,0001- per sample I i

-.,-.,---tc-c-.,-.,-.,--:::-- for three years 1

Noise Levels I Noise Levels on dB 'AI equipment yard and'~I' WHO Noise 'Ii-" -'3 , Monthly at each' Supervision r2:-4-'-,o-u-rS-@"'~-1-'5 54,000

'I' (A) Scale , con.stru~tion ~j~e and I Guidelines J I point for three years j Consultant seconds

I' dUring ~I!e dnvlng 7 meters! [' (Noise meter will be 'I' Contractor or j m!erva! over 15 from nOise source I' acquired, price NHA I min every

_...L _______ -' __ • ___ ~~ '. ~~ ... __ . ~_u __ J.r.?lnges from Rs. . hour, then

Air Quality

15U,000

8,23

i

Environm€nlallmpact Assessment of Khanewa!-Lodhran Expressway(E-5)

Environmental I Parameters Quality

--r--

I Standards!

Detalls of Location Guidelines No, of

Samples I .... FreqUenC~]ResponSi~i ~~~ r-~~uration I ---i averaged .-. ··1

Not less than one location WHO Noise 15 meters from the edge of Guidelines

, pavement and at locations of affected settlements

i 5,000 to 54,000) I --~3-'-' -11 MonthlY@RS -1 C~o~ntracto

1,500 per point for i three years

24 hours@ 15 seconds ! interval over 15 , min every hour, then

I ---averaged

Sub Toml

L OPERATION STAGE

--~--

Cost(Rs.1

162,000

--------

Rs, 2,496,000 US$ 32,842

I ~?'~:~~t Air I CO, NO" S0" '75 m;;tors fr~m-the edge 'TUSEPA 5, ta,ncl~dS 4- i Once--;; Year@Rsr--:NHA"!ContinuouSfor : Quality PM 10 of pavement downwind I f 70,000/· per location 124 hours

I Water Quality'- 'Groundwater,', Community g~;'undwater -+ WHO Drinking 3 '11 Once a year@R;- NHA ---+I+------+-----::3-::0--:,0::0::O~/-, Total Coliforms, if +ve sources near the edge of W~ter,.Quality 10,0001- per sample j I

then Fecal E Col;, the RoW GUidelines (2004) I

I

, ,Totar,COlon.i81 Count, ! I ! Feca, EntelcOCCI, I' ,

280,0001-1

Noise Levels

pH, TOS, Total Hardness, Nitrate, i Chloride, Sodium) I ,"" ... ., ~ I' ".~ ruo~ " ... , pH, TOS, Total

. Hardness, Nltrate, I Ch!oride, Sodium, iVOCS, Gre_as_e_&_O_il_+-_

i Wastewater:

I pH, TSS, BOD" i COD, 011 & Grease,

I Total Toxic Metal Concentration

t:!11uent from interchanges and rest areas

Noise Levels on dB(A) 15 meters from the edge of I Scale the pavement, near

~_~ .. L' ______ L

WHO Guidelines

NEQS (2000)

WHO Noise Guidelines

3

3

4

Once a year @ Rs. 10,0001- per sample

Once a year@ Rs. to.OOO/, per sample

Once a year@ Rs,1,500/- per point

8-24

NHA -t I L ".000

NHA

, I . NHA 124 hours @ 15

seconds

d 30,000, !

-.~! 6,000 I

Environmental Impact ibsessment ofKhanewal-Lodhran }::.xprcssway(E~5)

Environmental I ~ -------. ~~;,Ii~~ Parameters -r _____ I Details of Loc I

I

i ~' lisettiemenlS - allon~~ -~~i~~~~:sil No.of-.. .. '.m" F I _ ~ [ .. --- r"' S requency

I -~

r- I I I ___ I

~---

8-25

~~~;.'" I '.'"00_ ,~;~;,:, 1 interval over 15 min every hour, then

I

averaged

Sub Total Rs.376.000 , US $ 4,947

1-------+1 Total Rs. 2,872,000

I Monitoring US$ 3,7790 Cost --_ .. -

,

B.B Capacity Building and Training

Such capacity building and training programs are necessary for NHA staff in order to control negative impacts of road construction, maintenance and operation, They also need training for monitoring and inspecting road projects for environmental impacts and for implementation of mitigation measures,

The details of this capacity building and training program are presented in Table 8,3,

Table B.3

~JlIIci!Y~l)eVeloj)Ill!!llt<ll1c!Ir'aiinin9..progralll.m!~,_~,~_,~ Provided By I Organized j Contents No of Events! Duration I Cost

, By i Trainees, (Rs.)

Monii~~ing~~ns~it;;;t;,;-·~"-r-·-NHA~--~Short~~'~~a;~-;,;d" !hree ~em i~a-~-;t3~~%-----r--150, a-oc Organizations offering I courses on, , rer NHA project i j specialIzed services In E'lvironme1tal laws I'staff i ; environmental and regulafons" : I I management and moniwring and! : i moniforir:g superVision i ~.-4 ; MO'litoriqg consultants! NHA, Short seminars and l Three semina~s; :3" days 1- 15C,OOO

organizations offering I courses on 'I for specializeo services in I Socml development NHA Project 1

social management and I Issues and community ~taff dealmg In mOnitoring I participation soc,alliana I

matters ,

~~nltonng conSCltal1ts1Co~tract;~- Sho:t lectures :elatl;g Two sem'nars ~I 2 da~~ 10C,~OOO' orgamzatlons offering to Occupational for Contractor's specialized services 10 Health and Sarety stalf (to be 1

Occupatlona' Health and lOHS, Issues conducted on I ~afety (OHS) jssues_~.~~. __ ,_,_ . repet,tlVB basIs) ,

I

TOTAL

8.9 Development of an EHS Team by the Contractor

400,000 (Rs. 0.4 million)

(US$ 0,005

Contractor will apPOint an EHS (Environment, Health and Safety) Team to ensure compliance with the suggested mitigation measures during construction phase, The EHS team will be answerable directly to the Deputy Director (Environment) of NHA and will comprise of the following members:

1, EHS Manager (EM)

2. Supervisor No.1

3, Supervisor No, 2

EHS Manager (EM) will monitor the implementation of mitigation measures during Construction stage of the Project

He will depute two supervisors for the implementation of mitigation measures and will monitor the overall performance of the Team, Supervisor No. 1 will perform the following duties:

8-26

-

(i) Record keeping of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and emergency

phone numbers, I.e. expiry dates of fire extinguishers, functioning of fire

alarm, wearing of safety shoes, helmets, ear plugs, safety goggles, etc.;

(ii) Carrying out emergency drills;

Providing First Aid in case of any emergency; and (iii)

(iv) Calling the fire bngade, doctors, ambulance service in case of an

emergency.

Supervisor NO.2 will perform the following duties:

(i) Making sure that all construction vehicles move in a safe manner and are

parked properly after use;

(ii) Providing safe and clear access to the construction vehicles in the working

area;

Keeping record of employees attendance;

Keeping record of visitors;

(iii)

(iv)

(v) Ensure that all the mitigation measures proposed for the Construction

Phase impacts are effectively implemented; and

(vi) Specify an 'Assembly Area' within the premises where all the workers can

gather in case of emergency.

8.9.1 Accident/Emergency Handling and Reporting

Contractor will establish EHS Team to help reducing the accidents and emergencies, but the Team must be ready for any unforeseen event. EHS Manager will develop a form for the reporting of any accident or emergency. In case of such an event, the EM will instruct his Supervisors to take the corrective action without any delay, i.e. providing First Aid, calling the ambulance, correspondence with the hospital staff, etc.

EM will generate an accident report on a form (sample attached as Annexure 8.1). The report will contain all the details about the event, affected person(s) and corrective action(s) taken.

All treatment costs of the affected person(s) will be borne by the Contractor.

8.9.2 Corrective Action Request

A separate form will be available to all the workers from EM that will be used to report any hazardous. dangerous or unpleasant activities on the construction site. On receiving this form, EM will immediately take the necessary action to improve the working condition on site. He will assign the investigation of the matter to one of his Supervisors. Later, after the investigation he will develop a Corrective Action Request and will depute some person for its implementation within the specified timeframe. A sample of this form is attached as Annexure 8.2.

8-27

-

Envtronmenta/ Impact As,::.ssmelll of Khanew~~~=~odhr(m £v:presS'lvay(E-5)

B.10 Two Hour Afternoon Break during Hot Summer Months

B,11

Road construction works experience high temperatures due to heating of bitumen (temperature of the bitumen rises up to 150-200'C. Project is located in the area where in summer, climatic temperature remains very high. Therefore, the labour's health can be affected due to sun stroke and they can get harmed due to sudden fainting, This is a very serious issue and cannot be ignored. Therefore NHA (client) will make bound the Contractor to provide two hour break (1 :00 - 3:00 pm) on the site in the months of June, July and August to all the labour and engineering staff, This J practice is adopted in Saudi Arabia 'and UAE, and it increases the safety and efficiency of the workers.

Environmental Mitigation/Enhancement/Improvement Cost

The 101 km long and 100 m wide KLE will be a self contained and stand alone four· lane road. Two strips of 33 m width on each side of the Expressway have been reserved for planting to make the journey pleasant for the travellers and to alleviate the negative impacts of gaseous emissions and noise due to heavy vehicular traffic on the proposed Expressway. Planting in these strips will be carried out in 3 rows/avenues on each side. About 1 km of the Expressway will be covered by bridges, culverts etc and will not be planted, therefore the effective avenue length will be 100 km. 333 plants will be planted per km in each row/avenue. The recommended species for planting include Silver Oak, Shisham, Kikar, Jackaranda, Amallas, Gul'e'nashtar, Tecoma undulate, Tecoma theezan, Hibiscous, Bottle brush, Kaneer, Alistonia, Bougain Villea, Lantana, Gasmine, Jang/i gu/ab etc. The high trees species will be planted on the outer most periphery while the low height trees in the middle row and the shrubs on the inner most rows/avenues, The cost of planting of the species for five years is calculated given in table 8.4(a, b, c and d).

Table 8.4 (a) Tree Plantation Cost for Five Years

~ ...... ~ ..... ~~ ......... --~-.-.. ----; Avenue length

; Number of plants per row/avenue km (@ 3m c/c)

Number of plants in 3 rows/avenue km = =

---, 100 km :

333

999 99,900

24.975

124,875

249,750

Number of plants in 100 avenue km (one SIde)

Beating up of failure (25% ofthe plants planted)

Total number of plants to be planted on one side

Total number of plants to be planted on both sides

Cost per plant for five years = RS.146

Total cost for tree plantation = Rs. 36A63,500

'--~~ ....... - .... -~~.-~~

(Rs. 36.464 million)

____ ~ __ -.!ll~~O,480 mlmo~

Table B.4 (b) Break-up of Mitigation Cost for Trees Maintenance (for a period of 5 years)

~.-Maintena~~~-c-o-st--'I--A-v-e-~~~---·· Cost

ear; . I IRs. per avenue km) I Km (Rs.)

1'1'C ~~30.()O()'''''' --10-0- 'r-----'------"-3-,o-oo-,-o-oo""'l

. ' 30,000 --=2-=S--'r------'=7:-S-0,'-0.,.oo-11

L __ ~ ___ Be_a_t_in.-:..g. up failure (25%)

8·28

100 1,200,000

900,000

Table 8,4 (c) Mitigation Cost of Grass Turffng and Maintenance (for a period of 5 years)

l~earT~'" (~~;:;~e~;::) ~:~-i~, -·-~:s~;---·

11" ,--" --- ~::~~~ i-'" :~~t--·· ... f~~~:ci~~' Beating up failure (25%) :

i 2"' 1--'~-"--~-50000-80,O- ----4,000,000

: ::: =-F=----- -~-K~~~ l :*-=- ~:~~~:~~~ D."...t_ _ _10,00'1_. 80 0_ _ __ ._~. 800,000

L' 17,100,000;

TOTAL ; (Rs, 17,1 million)

. . __ ._, __ .. , _____ ., __ .. L(US$ 0,225 million) • Area is calculated by providing 8 metre strip In the centre (median) of rosd

8.12 Cost Estimates

It is very important to provide sufficient funds for effective implementation of the proposed mitigation measures, monitoring, training and land acquisition and resettlement (including damages), NHA is committed to implement all the mitigation measures given in this report and will provide required funds in this regard, The summary of total environmental costs is given in Table 8,5,

8-29

ANNEXURE-2.1

Pakistan EPA (Review of IEEIEIA) Regulations,

2000

1 ;

.. -' .. j

c'· '''I

_I !

}

~; !

PAKISTA.K El\vIROl\'.MI.KTAL PROTECTIO.K A.GE"iCY (REVTEYV OF lEE .4.1"-Tl ErA) REG1JLATIONS, 2000

S.RO. 339 (1)/2001. - In execcise of the powers referred by sec,ion 33 of thePakistar:. Environmental Protection Act, 1997 (XX,XIV of 1997). Pakis~an Environmemal Protectio:1 Agency, with L1e approval of the Federal Governmem is pleased to make tl,e

fol1ov.cing Rules, naIT.e:y .

L Short title and commencement

(1) These regulations r:1ay be c:~!led :he Pakistan Environftental Proiect1on AQenc:v Review of IniLiai Envlronr:1enta~ Examination and EnYlronm-ental Impact A;sess~'Tlent Regulations, 2000.

2.

3.

4.

(2) -They shan come into force at once"

Definitions

(1)

(2)

In these regulations. unless The:e is an:::1:hlng :epugnant m the sl.:'Jject or corn:ext -

(al ~'Acf: mear:s "'J"e Pakis:an En'Vironmental PrOTeCTJOn Act: -1997 . (XX\.1V of; 997),

(b) "Director-Gene!'ar~ ne:lns the Dl:ectof-Gener2.J of The Federal :\gency':

(c)

(d\ , ,

"'EL.6. .. " JDe2-:1S an enviror:mental i;np":lct asseSST:lent as cefined m " section 2(xi);

HIEE'~ :-:leans an initial enY~r0nme:lt2J exa!TIlnatj"o:1 as defir:ec ~il. sectior: 2(xxlvt 2-nd

(e) t~sectjor:" means asec!lon t.."f-Je Act.

~All other v.:o:-ds and expressior:s used in tf:ese regu la:ions bt:"': not" define¢ shaH have the sal1e meanings as are assigned to "L.'le;n in t.~e Act.

Projects requiriug an IEE

A p:-opo!1ent of a project fating in any caTegory listed in Sched:Jle I shall f!le an TEE with the Federa! Agei-coy, and ~e provisions of sectiw ,2 shall apply to such project. "

Projects requiriugan EL4.

A proponent of a project fa:ling in any categor) iisted ;" Schedule :1 shall file ar. ElA wiTh the Federal Agency, and the pro\"isions of secti0n 1::: shan apply to sucb. prqject,

.1

,-

--, l

5. Projens not requiring an TEE 0, EIA

(l) A propo-:1er.t of a project not .falling in any cEtegoI): l'lsted 111 Schedules J and II shall not be required to file an lEE or ElA:

Provided that the proponent shall file-

(a) -an EIA~ if the project :$ likely 18 cause a:l adverse e:1vironrnenta1 eEet.t;

(b) for projects not listed in Schedules I and II in respect of which the Federal Agency has issued guidelines,. 70r- construction a.'1d opera:lon, an appli22.ti::m for a-pprovaJ accompanied by an undertak.mg and an affidavit: that the aforesaid guidelines shaH be . fully comolied with.

(1) ~on1.,;i:hS\:andlng anythir:g cOntained In sub-reg: .. ll2.t:cm (l)) the Fecer::.!

(3)

Agenc}, may direct :he proponent of a project \vhe:her Of. nOl listed in Schedule I or II. to file an lEE or ElA. for reasons te be recorded In such direction:

Provided that no such direction sha!l be Issued vvi-thOUI the reconlne:1dation in v,Tjting of the Environmental' .~ .. ssessment Advisor:r" Cornminee constiTUted under Regu";atbn 23:

The provisions of $;::ction ~.2 shall ap?ly to a p:-O;ect in respect of wh:c-h an lEE or EIA is filed under sub-regulation (1) or (2).

6. Preparation of IEE and EL".

(1) The Federal Agency may issue gulce;ir.-es for prep-aration of an lEE or ali· lOrA, including g:Jideiines of general applicabiliry a71d sectoral guidelines

- ii1d1ca~ing specific assessr::Jent requ:re:rr.e:1ts for platl:lii1g~ construction and ope-rat:o:l of pro~ects re-;atlng to particular sector.

Vv'here guidelLles have beeT) issued unde; s:Jb-reguJati()Tl (1)~ an lEE or EiA "hall be preparecL to theexten! pract:cabkin accordance therewi1:h aCld rho proponent shail jestify in the EE or ElA any depa11l1re therefrom.

7. Revievr Fees

8.

The pcoponent shaH pay, at the time of submission of an lEE or EIA,a nOnrefunda'ole Review Fee to the Federal Agency, as pef rates sh·o .... m in SchedUle III.

Filing of IEE and EIA

(1) Ter: paper copies and tv.'Q electriJn~c copies of an lEE or ETA- shaH be S1ed \vith the 7'ederal Agc;x).".

...,- '

~. )

fl -~1 ]

LJ

, .' -'

, , j

, -

(1) Every a:'1d EtA shall be. accompanied by -

(a)

(b) copy cif receipt showing p:cymeT"t of the Review Fee .

9. Preliminary scrutiny

1 O.

Wilhin 10 workhg days of f:ing of the lEE or ElA, the F"derai AgeTlcy shall -

Cal

(bi

(e)

confirm that the lEE or EIA is cOlClpiere fbr purposes of ;r:itiation of the rev:ew process: or

require the proponenT !o submiT such add~tional i;:formaTlon as T:1a~' ]:,e specified; or

retu:-n the TEE o~ E!A to the pr,)p0:-ient fDr revision, clearly listing :nc points requir:ng ::=llrther sn:dy 3:1d discussl0:1.

(2) N,nJling in s;J]:,~regulation (1) shall prohibit the Federal Agency [TOn:

requiring the' proponent to sub,mi: additional info:mation at any stage CL:ri:-Lg'the r€"v'ie\v process .

. Public panicipation

(2)

In the case of an ELj.., The Fede;-al .~genc-y shall. s;multiineous;y v/ith issue of confinnation of completeness .ur:oe, clause (a) of sub~Tegulation (1) of 'Kegulatlon 9; ,cause to be pub11shed 1;1 any Engiish or urdu. nationai ne\,,~s;:Japer and 1n a ;oc3.1 ne\yspaper "of -ge~e.;aJ circujatiQ~ in the area affected by The project £: public notice ,mennoning the t):pe of project, :t::: exact location, the name and :lddress of the pr?ponent and the places at which the EIA of the ?rojecl can, S:lbjecT to the resrrictlons in sub~section (3) of section 11, be accessed.

The notIce issued ur:de: sub-reguhulon (1) shall fix 3. date, time and place fOf public hearing of any comn:ents on the projec or its E;A,

(3) The d2.te fixed uneer sub-regulation (2) shali not be earlier than 30 days from, the date of publicaTion of the notlce.

(5)

llie Federal Agency shan also ensure the circula!lon of ~e EIA to the concemeC' Govemrr;ent Agencies and saHcit their comments thereon.

All comments received by the Federa~ Agency from the public or any Government Agency sna!l be collated. tabulated and c1:11:i consiciered by It ~efo~e decision 0:1 t!le EV\.

p, ..; ... ,;

.;...

. ' .....

11.

12.

13.

(6) The Federal .~~genc~-' :nay iS5ue g:.lideJhes ind:c2.iing the basic- :ech:1ic;ues and measures to be adDpted to e:J5ure effeCr1Ye public c-oTlsultation~

in\'o]Yen1er.t and participaticn in :::lA assessment.

(1) Tne FedeTal Agency sr.all ffiake every effo:-t cO carr:;' o'~t its re\~e\1\" of the

(::1

(3)

(4)

IEE within 45 days .. ar.d the E1A wihi;o 90 days, of issue of cQT1finna'llor: of completeness under Reguhillon 9,

I:l reyie\v::'1g the lEE 0f ELA ... the Feceral Age:1cy shall consult s:Jcn Con1!T',iUee of Expe:1:S as me.), be c6ns:ltUted fo:- the purpose by the DiTeCto:-General~ and may also solicit vlC'\VS, of the sectoral .~dv1sory

. Comrni-:tee, jf any, cons!jt'Jted by the Federal Govemme:1t undeT suosec:!or: (6) of section 5.

The DrrecTO:'"-General may. v,'here he consideT5 ~~ r:ecessary, cons,:]tl;.te a commjTtee to inspect the she of 'the proJe;:::: and submit i-:s repon: or: such matters as may b~ speCified,

The T::\,]e",: of :he TEE Or EIA by tr.e Federal AfE:1CY shall be based en qu~ntita:iye and qua:;tativ;;::, asseSSmEr;T or the ooc'Jmellts and cata

furnisr.ed by the Fop0rle;oL comments from the p~blic arid GO\·emment Agenc:es received imde:- Regulatio:l '10; and \'ieV,-'E of the cOlT1mir::ees ITle71DOned in sL:b-repllarlClns (.:2) and (3) above.

Decision

On completion of the review. the decision of tile Fede:-al Agency sr.an be comnlunicated to the proponen: in The form ,p:-escribed in Sc~ecule V in t.~e case

an lEE, and in the form prescribed in Schedt.:le V: in the case of an E1A.

Conditions of approyal

(l) Eve,) approval of an lEE or EL". sr,all, in addition to s;,:ch conditio;os as may be imposed be the Federa: Agency, be subjec: 10 the cancill0n that. ,he project shall be desigred and cor;structed .. and mitigatory 8:1d other measures adopted, srric:iy iT> accordance with 6e IEE/E1A, unless aelY variation there,o have been specified in the aporovai by the Federal Agency,

(2) ,Vhere the Federal Agency accords its approval s\Jbject to cenain cOEditions, 1he proponent shall -

(a) before cornrnenclr:g constr~ction of t:,e p:-ojecL ackn 0,\'.:] edge acc:eplance of t~'1e s:~pu·lated concilions by executbg an 'JndertaKJr:g in :he form ~rescribed in SchecJ1.J:c; \'n~

4

'., ·<-';}':i

.- ,

14.

(b) befo:-e COTTlDE:1C1ng cpera:lOr. of the pn.::jeCL: obtain from tlle Fedei31 Agent), \vfitten cOTifirma,[Tot: t~3.t· the cQ';lditicns of approval: and the requireme:1ts in 'the lEE/EIA rela:ing to design ar:d COTlstructior~ adcptlon of mitigator::.' ar.d other me~sures and other relevant rnatters, have been culy co-;npl1ed with.

Confirmation of compliance

C) Tl:e. request f.;Jr confm:ation of compl'ance under dause (b) of sub-regulation (1) of Regulation 13 shall be accompanied by an Env:c0nmenta] Management Pian indicating the rneas:lres and procedures proposed to be taken to manage or mitigate the en\'lronrnentai tmFacts for the ;'1fe of t;,!: project. lncluding.-pioylsions for ;r.onlroring, ;epoILlng aId a1.2dltlng.

eZ) \\'here a request for cOEfnnation d compliance is received fro:n a i'roi'onem. the Federa; Agency may carry out such· inspe;-ti0::1 of the site and plant and machineT)'-- and seek such addjt:ona~ info:m~!j~?l fro::11 t~e proponer.t 2.5 it may deem fn::

Pro\,jded that eyery- effQ;t s~ar be made by the: ?ederal Agency to provide t!1e re~lljsite confirmat'ion or otherwise w~!hln 15- days of receipt of the reguest~ ~'ith

complete inforrn2.~ion, rro:TI :he proponem:.

(3) The Federal :;genc:{ may. v.,-hi~e issuin:;:: reauislte confirmation of con1pllar:c::. irnpose suer, OL~ler cOl1ditior.s as the Enviro~T)nlental ~/Janagemenf P)a:r.~- arid the operatiot\ maintenance ar:d moni~onng of the project as 11: may deem a:ld such cor.ditions shall be deemed to be inc:ucied ;71 It1:: condi::ons -to 'xhic.h appro\';.J of theproject is subject.

15. Deemed approval

.,l. 1 111e fOUl-montr. period fOT ::e'omL:nlcatlon of dec:slo:1 stlpu;ated in s:Jb-sectlon

.;.:... ! , . !

,....:: I

J

-:

(4) of section 12 shall comrr.ence f-om the da:e of filing of an ?EE or EIA in resfecl of '!,,,,hich cO>lfirr:1ation of compieter.ess is issued by '[he F~dera! .!t"gency under cla12se (a) su'>-regu;atio:1 (1) of Regu lation 9. .

16. Extension in re,;ew period

\"'here theFederal Government in a panicular case extends the four-moeth period for cornm~nication of appro'val prescribed :71 sub~sectjon (5) of sectien ] 2, it sha;l~ in consultaticn \vith the Federal Agency~ indica::e L'1e variou~ steps the review process to be taken during the extended period, and the estimated time required for each step.

17. Validity period of approval

(I) The approval accorded :,y a Fedecal Agen~y under Seetio;; 12 read with Regulation 12 shall be valid. ror commencer:1ent of constcuct'oD, fer a period of three ye2J-s from t,c date of issue.

5

n ., '--j

f'1 :)--""j

If constructioTi is commenced Q.li:-irlg The iT!::ial year \ alidit:y pe-r10d~ the. appro"\:aJ sha;1 stand ex:ended for a funh:::: pe:ric,d of three years from

r~e date ofisst:e,

(3) ~t1~fte; issue of confirmatior; of comp:iance. the appr81'al shaH be va:id for a

perio'd of ::hree years from the date thereof.

(4) The propone'nt may app1y to the 'federal Agency for eXtension in the validi!\' periods. mectioced i:> sub-,egu]at:cns (1). (2) and (3), \vhich may ~e gra:>ted by the Federa! Agency ln its discret:on for s'Jch period not exceeding three ::,'ears a: a time, if the. conditlons of the approval de not req uire sign'ificant cha.nge~ .

PrDvjded That the Fede;-al .~gency ;'l'J,ay recu1re; the propcnent to s~bmjt a fresh lEE Or ELA..., if in its op:nion cha:-lges b locatior~, design~ con5trJction 'a:1c operation of the' proj~;:t so vvar:-an!,

18. Entry and inspection

O} For purposes 'Of yerificati~~m cf any ;:'latter :-elc.ting '".:0 the revie\v o·r:o L~e· L.J:>jitions :If approval of an IEE or EIA j'l,ior te" during or aner comElencement of ~onstru:tion oc operation of a ?'ojec:., duly authorized staff the Federal Agency shall be entitled to enter 2nd inspec: the project site. faclO;'Y bui1dmg and plant ar.d equipment instal fed therein.

(1) T. .... ,e pTO~0neTl: sJ-:all ensure full coopefation of ;he pTcject: staff at site to faci:~tate The ~nspec!icn, ar.d shan ?royjde such in:'onnaticr: as rrray be required by the Federal Ager:cy for this p~rpo5e and pursuanT rhelc:O c

19. Monitnring

C) Af:er issue of approval, the propmen! shall submit a report to the Fede,al Agenc:-." on completion of COJ1St"uctlor, cfthe p:-oject.

(2~ After issue of confirma:ion of corr.pliance, the propone:>t shall 5u~rnit ar. annual report summarizing operat1ona: performance of L~e 'project. \vi:~ reference to the conditions of aiJpTcval and maintenance and rrl~tigatc~.'_ meaSt.:Tes adopted by, t"1e project.

(3) To enab!e the Federal Agency :0 effectively mcniwT compliance WITh the c.ondi:~ons of apprcn-a1 7 the p~,:)polJem: shail fUiT11sh such additlonal ir:forrnation as 1":e Federa1 Azencv rnav reauire_ .... ~, " ,

20. Cancellation of approyal

(1) Not-"'ithstanding an)"thing ccmained in these Regulations, if, at any time, on ti,e basis Df. infOffilation Or report received or inspe.ction carried out. the Federal Agency is of rr.e- opinion that the cor,ci1ticns of an approval h3\'e DOt be'en c~mplied with, or thaI the lrformation supplltd by a propo,ent in t:,e approved rEE Qr E1A is inCOr7eCI~ it

. ,

. l

shall lS5i.le notice to the proponent to sho\,,' cause~ Y,\:llhill two \-yee-ks \\'hy :he approval 'Should roo: be cancelle-d.

;-eCeipt thereof,

(2) If no reply is received 0, if the reply is cQnsidered unsatisfactory, the Fede,;::.1 Agency P.1ay~ after giving the propor:ent an opporrunlt)' of being heard:

(i) reguire tlee proponent to take such measures and to comply with such co~diticns wit,ioin suer peTioG as it may SPeC;!)', failing whic!"l the approval shall stand cance lied; or

(3) On ,cancellation of the ap?;ovaL t!-ie p:-0ponen~ shalt cease ccnstrt1::ti:m Or

operation of the project forcbvirh.

(-1-1 Action taker. unceT ,,"is Regu'atiolC shall be wj,hom prejudice to any other aClion tr:3.I-'may be takell agai;,st the propone:1t und er the ACl or fules or regulations or an\' other Ja\l..' for Ihe time bejng in fo:-ce.

21. Registers of IEE and Ei4. projects

r", Separate Reg5sters to 'be maintabed bj tb:: FedEral AgeDCV for lEE ar.d ETA 1,.... _ . _ _ ?Tojects under su!:::-:cctio:l (7) 0: sectio:1 12 shall ~e in the fOffil p:-escr,:-e,d in Schedule VIlL .

12. Environmentally sensith"e areas

(1) ~h'e Federal "A$ency may! by nOi::5cat:oT: i.T: :he oT-fic.ial G2-zette. designate an area to be an environmenta!iv sens:tive area .

. ' .. ', -

(2) NOt'withstar:ding any-rhing ccm:ained m Reg'Jlatl0ns 3, .:.1 and 50 the f.J.. pro',JonerH of a prcject situatec in an environmentally sensit:,-!e area sran De requi;ed to

.fi:e a;) ErA ... vi!.l, the Federal Age!lcy.

--: ,

(3) T";,e Federal Agency may front time to time Issue guidelines tc assist proponents ~'1d Dther persons invclved in the environmental asSessme m process to pl<L'l and prepare projects roca!ed' i:1 -environmentally sens~tive areas.

(4) \'V:'1ere guidelines r:ave beer. iss:.led under sub-regu)ation (3), ,the projects shed] be ?hnned and prepared? to t~e exter:t practicable~ in acco:-dance therewith and any deparrure therefrom justified in the EIA pertaining to the project-

Environmental Assessment Advisory Committee

For purposes of rende;ing advice on al: aspeCTS of e~viro:1mental assessment, :nduding guideHl!es, procedures and categorization of projects~ ~he DirectoT-General shaD constiTUte an Environme-nial Assessmetn: Advisory Com:ni::ee cOT";1prising-

(a) Direcror EIA, Federal ""'.geTlc\ Chai:-man

(b) (L)

(d)

Or.t' represem:atlve e2-ch ofrhe Pi0\"Tilcial'.-\gC7'!C1eS One re::resentative eac~, of the Federal Plan:llnz. , . -Commission end the Prcv;ncial Plan:1ing "nd uevelopment Departnents Representatives oi industry and norr "Go'v'emmental o~ganizE.tions, and legal and Othe~ expens

Other approvals

lvlembers

1I1embers

[A err: bers

Isst.:e of an approva: u;lde:- se:::t:on 12 rea:: v,:j:h Regulat10n 1:2 shall r;o't absolve L~e proporlent of the dury to obUllr. any otr:er approval or consenl that may be required under anv law fo~ the time being: !n force. - . -

8

A ...

-Q

1

B.

c.

] D.

~J

SCHEDuLE I (See Regula:don 3)

List of projects requiring an IEE·

",crriculture. LiYestock and Fisheries - ~. .

L Pou1try. jivestCck stud and I:5h faCln5 with total cost mote than Rs.l0 million

Projects in\"oh"ing repacking. fOrTl,·ul2.tlon cr \\'arer:Dusing of agricuh:UTaJ producTs

Encre,-", ~-

1. Hyc.roelectric power genera:ion less than 50 'VfVv'

'! Therr:laI povvcr generation less than 200 K \~'

.., -Transmission lines less :han 11 KV, arid large d15Tribt1:~cn projects

Oil and gas traTIsTr.lssicn systeTr:s

01: and gas e}..tractior: .projects including eXplOTE"::ion, pToductiqn,. £:ameTlr:SZ SYstel":1S. separaTlor; and stOTaze '- '-' .. -. ....

6. ,\).J2.STe-tc-energy gener2.~~cr: projects

l\1anufacturing and processing

1. Ce:-anics and glass uniTS Y.,'it~ total cost more than ]=:..5.50 m:Jlion

') FQod process:ng indusrries inc1udir:g suga-:- mjl1s, beverages, mi~k and da iTy products, wi:h total CGst iess than Rs.l 00 iT, ilfion

3" M:::'TI-made Sbers 2.nd reslTI projects 'xith Total cost less than Rs.l00 ::Tli11ion

4. - ManufaculTing of ap:JareL includil'g dyeing al1d priming, with total cost more Than R.s,::5 millim,

5_ V/ocd products \~"lth total cost more than RS.25 mi!Fon

l\-fining and nlineraI processing

1. Commercial extractio:"': of sand! gra"vel, I1mest011e. cia:/~ sulphur and o~her minerals nct inc;'Jded in Schedule II wit." total COSt less than Rs.l00 million

C:ushing, grind:ng: and separat~cn processes

9

I""

f

, -~

E.

F.

G.

H.

3. Srnehing pl2.Tl!s wi:h :'Clta! cost less tran mid10;:

Tr::mspori

1. Federal or Provincia! highways (except maintenar,ce, rebuilding or reconstruction of existi:lg metalled rcads) w:th iota! cost .less than Rs.50 million

2. Pons and h2.rbor de\'e:lopmem for ships less ib.n 500 geoss tons

\oVater management, dams, irrigation and flood' protection

-'.

Dams and resefyoirs with sto:-age \'oJume less 'th2.n .50 milEon cubic meters of surface area less than 8 squ2.re kilometers

Irrigatior,. and drainage projecrs sEn'ing :ess 'than) 5.000 hectares

Smali-sca:e irriga-:l0n sys~ems \\:i~h total cost less t!1an Rs.50 mi1l1on

'Vater supply and t,-eatmelJt

\\'ater supply schemes and treatment t::lants v,'l:h t(lnd COsT less than z:ts'.25 mi:lion

'Waste disposal

'}iaste disposal faciliTY for domestic or !ndU5~rjal v,taste_:;_ \\"irh 'al1nl1a] capec!!:,,; less than 10,000 c:Jbic meters

L t'rban development and tourism

Hcusing sc:,emes

Public facilities \vi!;1 signific2-m: off-si:e impacts ljospiral ~\vastes)

J. UrbaTi development projects

J. Otb er project.'

Anv other project for which filir1g of an lEE is required bv The Federal Agency :mder sub-regt::alion (2) of Reg-JlatioE 5

!O

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SCI:IEDULE Il (See Regulation 'l'i

List of projects requiring an EIA

A Energy

J. :HydroeleCTriC power generatioTl O\er 50 I\f;W

Transr!1ission lines (11 KV 2no above) 2,nd stations'

/ ~. N,"cie-ar po;ver plar;s

5. Perro l"eum refineries

B. Manufacturing and processing

L Cer:1Em phnts

2 Chemica;s projects

:c. ,Ferrilizer plants

.! Food pTocess;ng industries ?71cluding T71il1s, beYeTages-; m11k and· dai~, pr0c:Jc'tS, v,ith total cost of Rs.1 00 m:Ili-Dn arlO above

s. IndUSTrial est2~es(including export processiTlg, z0nes)

6. Man-made 5bers and resin projects -..;: ... -iTh

7. Pes6cides (rna~ufacture or formulation)

8. Petroche:nicals complex

9, Synthetic resins, plastics and r:1an.made fibers, papecand paperboard, paper pulping, plastic producTs, te",iles (except apparel),printing and·' publishiTlg, pa:nts and dyes, oils and and vegetable ghee projects, ·with tctal cost mOrE th"n Rs.l 0 rniliicm

10. Tanning and leaTher fin:shing projects

C. l\linirig and mineral processing

1. Mir:ing and processing of coal, goid., copper, sulphu~ and precious stones

1'vfining and processing ofmajoT non-feT70us meta:s, iro;) and Stee1 ro111ng

3. Sme1ting plan:s "iTll total COST cf Rs.50 million and above

I;

-, J

[l . I ,

Ll j

n '"" ..... . , , J

, , ;-'"

I ....

D, Transporr

E,

F,

G,

L Airports

FedeTal or Provincial h;ghways or mo.jor roads (except maintenance, rebuilding or reconstr'Jction of cXls!ing roads) with to:al COS! of Rs.50 m;lliorr and a!:love

Ports and har'Dor deve]oprnenr for ships of 500 gToss tons and above

4. Railway vvorks

\':\~aTer management~ dams~ !rrigation and flood protecTIon

D2.ms and reservoirs witl: stQraQe volume of 50 milEon cubi:: mete,s and . -

2.bo\'e or SlJrface area of'S square kilomete::-s and aboye

1. Irrigation (i:1d d:-ainage prcjcc!s serving ] 5~OOO he:taTeS ar:d

y"'ater supply and treatment

Wacer sup;:Jly schemes and t,earrnent plalCts with total cesc of Rs.25 million and abovE

Waste Disposal

L '\'·/.aste disposal and:'or storage of :,aza:doL:s or ::o!~ic \\'as!eS (including lc.ndfill sites. inci~e;atio:1 of hosDita; toxic \\'aSle)

. "' '

\Vas:e· d~spo'saI faciEties for domestic or industrial \",'a~tes, vvjtn annilal capacicy.more th27110,OOQ cubic meters

H. Urban development and to:.rrisrn

I.

J.

I, Land use studies and urban plans (large cities;

') Large-sca!e tourism deve!opIT'.ent projects v,"ith Tctai cost inore t~an Rs,50 mijiion

En\ironmental!:..- Sensitive Areas

j~..ll projects situated in environmef':taJ1y sens~tjve areas

Other projects

L An:- other projec: for wj-,;ch filing of an E1A is reqCJiTed by the Feder?J A.gency under sub-regulation (2) of Regu;alioT', 5.

i\.ny oTher jJf0jeCt likely to cause E:l adverse en\'jronme:lta: effec·t

,.,.,~ .

j

i I ; I ,

Tot2.L Projec.t Cost

i CP7C' Rs.5.000,OOO I I

Rs5,OOO,OO 1 10 10.000,000

! GreaTer than Rs.! 0,000,000 ,

SCHEDl;LE III :nicr: 7)

IEEIEL .. Review Fees

IEE

NiL

Rs.l0,OOO Rs.15,OOO

1\000

,- , : ~.

L

i :0iame and address of i PTcponen: . , .

SCF..EDl'l.E IV [See Regulatlon 8(2)(a)J

Application Form

I Phone: I Fax I' T?I"~' ,-, ""'''\,'

.~~~'. ,

I ; De5cripti0~ ~f l?Tc:ject I

1 "> ! Lccat;on of projec::

I !

\

.. _.--]

- 4,-rOblec1:j"es of project I· . I

;-------~l-rE ~,,,, A 'dry j :-. ! r_ i CL . .attacne . I i

~ 6., ~ Have alternaTive sites b:e~e-n-c-c-.,,-"s-idered and ! : 1 reported in lEE·cIA?, I ~--~----~'~.--~----~~~.~~~------.~~-~ I - .

! ... r ExiSTing ,;~d USc I j Lan~

lEE/ETA .~------i

yesn'-cJ_o ______ ~1 "{es/NQ

•. _-;

! i ,I i requlrel71e:nt l-S~l Is basic site ciat2. I (only tick ~:-,e5 if:he --+i":'::c:J.:~:'.:.:.::o~--.--------Ii,

' J a\'all.e.ble: or has it data is rep(]rted in the 1 ! :, I

i I·

I 9

i 10.

L I J L

I

been meEsLlred~ i I EE/ElA) . , ,

: :-vletero:osr-.' (includin2 i I ~. ~

i r";-.~Il) Yes/>Jo I

?--1.~_sure4 Yes/No

i .... i.di... ,

; Ambient air quality Yes/No YeslNo I A b' ,. V !>.' i

'1- .-.m ~en! \\'a!er qURlH.Y i e5/j"';0 1 . l:'"es/}Jo ." Gro!-md waTerqu2.lin".c.' ......l ___ ).::.·::e~s"'/l':{~...J..~-c;='):..·· e:::s::fN..:.,.:.To~_~

·1' Have esti:-nates of the l !:sTimated I Reported followir.g been . I \Va:er b~j~nc:~ _ ' I Yes/l",To Yes/No

I reponed0 , I Soh:! w~s,e dbp",a, I '{es/0;o I Yes/No i _________ .;I_L=iquidwasIe treatment Yes;~o I YesfNo j Sot!~ce of po\ver ·.c.===,-+-cPC'o-\-,-e:"'rC:::'--~-~~l·~~~·~---l

i regLl1rement i' ,~ I Labo~r force CO:1structioTI: I (nur:1ber) Operation:

i .. ~. __ ~._._I

yerificatio~ J do soJe:-nnly affi:m ;ond decJa:-e that :r.e iTlforT:1atio~ given above and contained in the attached IEElElA is true and correct wthe best of r:1V knowled£e and

. .-belief.

Date Signature, r:an1e-ar:d __ _

d:::signation of prOpOne;l.l (W17h offic1a1 stamp/sec.!)

14

,.

""'"

,,- , ,;

LJ

-

,-

SCHEDULE \' [See Reg"12cion 1

Decision on TEE

1. }Jame 2.nd, address of proponent

., Descripti on of p;"oject

3 LC'cation of project

5, After c!m,ful revie" Dfto, TEE, the Federation Agency has decided-

(al :0 accDrd its approval, st:bject to the fo]]ov,":ng condiTion:;:

or (hi t.~at the proponen-:.. should sL!bmit an 'ErA reasons -

[Delete (a) or (h), \\'hichever is inap? 'ic2.ble J

Dated~~,_~

Trcckjng no

15

:he 1Jroiec~ rOT '.:he foHo'xing: • M • _

Director-General Federal Agency

(;"ith official stamp/seal)

n _! 1

t 'J

·····~n w

..... r. -ll

U

, ~".,r'1 -, I i L.1

- :

j

.~:

1

2.

5.

SCHEDl3LE Y1 [See Regulation 1

Decision on EL\

:;-,Jame and address of propoTlen:

Description of projecT

!:....oc3tlon of proj eet

Date of filing of ElA

_.:.~ft:eT careful Tevley\, of The EIA? and all \::O!TIments theree'Tl, 'the F ederarion -Agency has decided-

~a)

or Cb)

or (e)

:0 accord iL:s apprc,val~ subject to the fonov;lng conGi~ions,:

'to :eject the p-rojec:~ be~:ng ccmr.-aT'.Y to environ,mental objecti\'es~ for the follov...'ing .reasor:s:

pele:e (a)i(b)/(c), which"er is inapplicable]

Dated~~ __

Tracking

16

Director-General Federal Agency

(with ofticiai stamp/seal)

,

SCHEDULE \'11 [See Regulation 13(2)]

Undertakino '"

I, (f.Jll name and address) as propone":t fOT (name, desoripr'ior. and location project) do hereby sOlemnly affirm and declare thal' I fully ur.derstand ar:d a:cept the condi:cons contained in the approval a:corded by the F edera: Agenc;: bearing tracking no. __ _ dared .q.nd undertake to design: cons'tTUct ar.d operate The prcje:ct strictly In

accordar:ce \vit}; the sald cOl'.ditlOIls 2.n~ the. IEElELl:L

Ds!e :J deslE::'1latioil of piDponent

(v,.-irh official SIarnp/seal).

(1)

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1

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=,-,~

-] 1 I'

~',

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SCHEDGLE \TIJ (See Regulation 21)

Form of Registers for IEE.'1nd EL-'I. projects

S, N-"o-', ____ D-'..e_scciption ---~ -.-~.-...

1 ,

2

Trackin~ n-Jmber

Categocy. Tvpe (as per Schedu:es J and III

..:; '0:"ar:Je of proponent

t ~. "'ame and designaTion

J. ,\'ame ()f consulrant

6 Description of project

7 Location 0: PTOje.:::t

S, PT'Jject capitai COSt

C). Date c,f receipt of lEE.';';]A

i O. Date of ccn:5rmatior: of corrip le:tenesS

1 L Approval granted (\"esiNo)

1::. ·Dat~ of approval g!""antec 0:'" refused

13. Condtti0DS of appTovaVTeaso~s for :-eflJsal

,j 4. Dare oflir.dertaki:1g

15. Dare of ex,ension of approval val'di-::y .

i 6, Per1cd of ex::er.sion

17. Da:e of commencement of constr'Jction

1 S . Date of issue of conf::matfon of compiiance

. 19, DaTe of commencement of operations

20. Da:e:s of :A 11 ng of mO;1h:or:ng reports

.:' J. Da:e of cancel!aTio:1. if applicable

is

Relevant PcDvisions 3

j

ANNEXURE-2.2

National Environmental Quality Standards, 2000

Background

I.

REVISED NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY STANDARDS (NEQS)

• PEPC in its first meeting held on 1 aIM May 1993 approved the NEOS.

• The approved NEOS were uniform standards applicable to all kind of industrial and municipal effluent.

• There are 32 parameters prescribing permissible levels of pollutants in liquid effluent while 16 parameters for gaseous emission.

• In April 1996, the PEPC set up an Environmental Standards Committee (ESC) headed by Mr. Shams Kasim Lakha to review, inter alia, the NEOS and suggest changes where necessary, based on conditions in Pakistan.

I

• The committee realized that some of the parameters were more stringent than other countries of the region, so the task of the rationalization of NEOS was referred to an Expert Advisory committee to review and suggest changes, if and where required.

• Before initiating the task, the Expert Committee was expanded to include representatives of trade and industry.

• The Expert Committee identified ten parameters - eight (8) liquid effluent viz. BOD; COD; TDS; Chloride; Sulphide; Chromium; Ammonia; and Temperature, and two (2) gaseous emissions viz. S02 (Sulphur di oxide) and Oxides of Nitrogen for review.

• After consultation with various organizations the NEOS Expert Advisory Committee completed its task and proposed it to the ESC.

• Finally after the Environmental Standards Committee endorsed the proposed revised NEOS, the Pakistan Environmental Protection Council was recommended to approve the revised draft NEOS.

• .In December 28,1999. PEPC approved the revised NEOS.

1

S.No

,!

" I

National Environmental Quality Standards for Municipal and Liquid industrial Effluents (mg/L, Unless Otherwise Defined)

Parameter

Existing Standards

Revised Standards

Into I Into Into Sea" Inland I Sewage

I Water I TreatmentS I I 1. I. Temperqlure or Temperature I 40"C I "<3 'c ,-< 3 ' C ·--_-<.".3""6C~---I Increase !I

2. pH value .. __ . t 6-10 llH .~. 6 -9-.. 6 ~_9_II 6 - 9 I 3. 5-days Biochemical Oxy~en t 80 mg/I. 80 I 250 80"

Demand (BOD 1) at 20°C .4:_ .. Cbemical OXYg£n Demand (COD) 150 mil/I. 150. 400 400 ~,_ Total suspended solids 150 mg!1. 200 400 200 ~ Total dissolved solids 3500 mg/1. 3500 3500 3500 I

.2. .... .§rease and oil ..~fl1gll, I 10 10 10 I 8. .. Phenolic compounds (as phenol) 0,1 mg/I. 0,1 0.3 0.3 I

I- ~i-r2hloride (as CIL _. 1000 mg/l. 1000 ... 1000 SC I 10. Fluoride (asF) .. 20 m~ ____ 10 .__ 10 10 I 11. Cyanide (as CN) total ,2 mg/l. 1.0 r--- 1.0· 1.0 12. An-ionic detergents" (as MBAS) 'I 20 mg/I. 20 20 20 I 13. Sulphate{S04) + 600 mg/1. 600 1000 SC 1 11:- SUlphide (S) .. ~ __ . 1,0 mg/l. 1,0 1,0 .... 1.0

.. 112.:. "mmonia (NH3) .• I 40 mg/h..:r 40 40_1--_ 40 16, I Pesticides, herbicides, fungicides ' 0,15 mg/1. 0.15 I 0.15 0.15

i a rId ins€l(;~ckjes3

','" ,

I I

National Environmental Quality Standards for Municipal and Liquid Industrial Effluents (mg/L, Unless Otherwise Defined) (Contd .. )

Existing I,

Revised Standards S.No Parameter Standards

T' Into Into I Into Sea6 ,

I Inland Sewage Water Treatment5

1--17. Cadmium_4 _ ... I 0.1 rllg/I. 0.1 0.1 0.1 -

18. I Chromium4 (trivalent and ~ 1.0 mg/1. . 1.0 1.0 1.0 I--~_ hexavalent). . __ .' ..

.. -.--- .. 19. COeP~4 __ ~_ ... _~ ______ 1.:.0..rJ1.9!L_ 1.0 1.0 I 1.0 -,--+----- --- --20. Lead 0.5 mg/I. 0:5- .=:l0.5 10.5 21. Mercuy4 0.01 mg/I. 0.01 i 0.01 1 0.01 22. Selenium4 .- . O.Smg/1.

.. _------,-0.5 0.5 0.5

23. Nickel4 1.0 rn.9~ .. 1.0 1.0 . 1.0

Silver4 ..

1.0 1- .

24. 1.0 mg/!. 1.0 1.0 25. Total toxic metals 2.om~_12.0 2.0 2.0

.. ---26. Zinc 5.0 mg/I. 5.0 5.0 5.0 27. Arsenic 1.0 mg/1. 1.0 1.0 1.0

.-----~-

28. Barium 1.5 mg/I. 1.5 1.5 1.5 29. Iron 2.0 mg/I. 8.0 8.0 8.0 I 30. . Manganese

-----. ... _,_. ---. _1-5 mg/I. 1.5 1.5 1.5

---__ 3.1:... Boron 6.0 mg/l. 6.0 16.0 =1=6.0

[ 32. I Chlorine -'r;

----_L-~ 10_ mg/I. , 1.0 1.0 1.0 _ ......... - - _ ....... _ ...... - -

!

Explanations : 1. Summing minimum dilution 1: 1 0 on discharge, lower ratio would attract progressively

stringent standards to be determined by the Federal Environmental Protection Agency. By 1: 10 dilution means for example, that for each one cubic meter of treated effluent the recipient water body should have 10 cubic meter of water for dilution of this effluent.

2. Modified Benzene Alkyl Sulphate; assuming surfactant as bio-degradable. 3. Pesticides herbicides, fungicides, and insecticides. 4. Subject to total toxic metal discharge as at S. No.25 5. Applicable only when and where sewage treatment is operational and 8005=80 mg/l. is

achieved by the sewer treatment system. 6. Provided discharge is not at shore and not within 10 miles of mangrove or other important.

estuaries .. The effluent should not result in temperature increase of more than 3C at the edge of the

zone where initial mixing and dilution take place in the receiving water body. In case zone is not defined, use 100 meters from the point of discharge.

**' The value for industry is 200 mg/l. Note: Dilution of gaseous emissions and liquid effluents to bring them to the NEQS limiting

value is not permissible through excess air mixing blowing in to the gaseous emissions or through fresh water mixing with the effluent before discharge into environment.

I \ I

National Environmental Quality Standards for Industrial Gaseous Emissions (mg/Nm3, Unless Otherwise Defined)

S.N0.J_ Parameter

1. TSnloke

I Source of emission

I Smoke opacity not to exceed:-

I

WParticulat~~~atterf_~@} Boilers and furflac_es_: ____ . (I) Oil fired. .

\--_-+ _________ I il!L (;oal fired._ t (iii) Cement Kilns. (b) Grinding, crushing. clinker coolers and related processes, metallurgical processes, convertors, blast furnacH_s and cupolas.

3. _ Any. 4. Chlorine An'-.--------

-5. rHYdro en Fluo~ An . 6. ! Hydrogen Sulphide Any.c'-' ---.-----:- I

1

I I Others 3

7. I Sulphur Oxides ~. Sulfuric Acid I Sulfuric Acid Plants.

-& TCarbon Mon0xil:!e ___ Any.-. -'-~-'--------------I

Standards

40% or 2 (Ringlemann

Scale).

300 500 200

500

400 150 150

"--~--.

10 400 400

--

800

Revised Standards

40% or 2 Ringiemann Scale

or equivalent smoke number

300 500 300

i 500 I I

! 400 150 150 10

. ~.

5000 1700 800

I I ! . ~

National Environmental Quality Standards for Industrial Gaseous Emissions (mg/Nm 3

, Unless Otherwise Defined) (Contd .. )

S.No. Parameter I Source of emission ! Standards Revised Standards !

9. Lead 2 I Any.

1- .~~ 50

_~~_Mercury 2 I Af}t 10

~1. I Cadmium 2 .. ____ .~ny. . ____ . i 20 I 20 -- ~.

~ A"eok ' Aoy. 20 20 --- - ·-1- -- --------13. Copper 2 I Any. 50 50

20 20 14. Antimony 2 ____ Any. __ .. -- - ----"

15. Zinc 2 ~ Any. 200 200 -- ~.

16. Oxides of Nitrogen. (i) Nitric Acid manufacturing unit. 400 3000 (NOx) 4 I (ii) Gas fired 400 400

I (iii) Oil fired - 600 I (iv) Coal fired - 1200

Expi3nations . 1. Based on the assumption that the size of the particles is 10 microns or more. 2. Any snurce. 3. Based on 1% sulphure content in fuel oiL Higher conlent of sulphure will cause standards to be pro-rated. 4. In respect of emissions of slliphure dioxide and nitrogen OXides, the power plants operating on oil or coal as fuel shall, in addition to National

.Environrnenlal Qualify Standards (NEQS) specified above, comply wilh the following standards.

<

,

i

-

, i

" , - I 1 I 1 I ; . ; ,

Sulphur Dioxide

Sulphur Dioxide Background Levels Standards (ug/m3)

Criterion. I. I Criterion II LMax. S02 EmiSSion I Max. allowable

Quality Average hours ground level

--

Background Air Annual L Max. 24

(S02 Basis) 1-- -~, Interval 1 (Tons per day per Increment to ambient (ugflm3) . I Plant) (One year average)

._---"

Unpolluted < 501 < 200 I 500 - ------ - -----

Moderately Polluted * -

------~-

Low 50 200 500 -----.-----High 100 400 100

- -

Very Polluted ** > 100 > 400 100 -~ .... -.. - ..... -.. -

* .. For intermediate values between 50 and 100 uglm3 linear interpolations should be used. No project with sulphure dioxide emissions will be recommended .

50

50 10 10

•

1 \ ! I J i

Nitrogen Oxide

Ambient air concentrations of nitrogen oxides, expressed as N02, should not exceed the follow

Annual Arithmetic Mean 100 ug/m3 I (0.05 ppm)

,

Emission levels for stationary sources discharges, before mixing with the atmosphere, should be maintained as follows:-

For fuel fired steam generations, as nanogram (10E-9 gram) per joule of heat input:

Liquid fossil fuel .. ~. .=-.13::...:0=--___________ _ Solid fossil fuel 300 f-:=_.-. - ... - -~~.... ..~ .~~.-- .. _--Lignite fossil fuel 260

.

~ l

National Environmental Quality Standards for Motor Vehicle Exhaust and Noise

S.No I Parameter Standards (maximum Measuring method I permissible limit)

1. ! Smoke 140% or 2 on the Ringlemann Scale I To becompared with Ringlemann Chart at a I I or equivalent smoke number at I distance of 6 meters or more. I I end of exhaust pipe during engine I

__ ~_". "acceleration mode.--1 ----~-----------_l 2. I Carbon I Emission Standards: i

I Monoxide. I New Used' 1

I I Vehicles. Vehicles. I Under idling conditions. Non dispersive

r' -h 4.5 % 6 %~infrared detection through gas analyzer. 3. I Noise. 185 db (A). I Sound-meter at 7.5 meters

I I ! from the source.

10 year or older model.

,

ANNEXURE-3.1

List of Vehicular Box Culverts

Vehicular Box Culverts

.-

'-

-

,-

ANNEXURE-4.1

Geotechnical Report of the Soil Samples of the Project

Area

! :

n . ..L. ! ·r-l

[; I ,

L]

[ ':- ) .-

-.-~

3.3 GEOTECHNICAL ANALYSIS FOR PAVEMENT DESIGN

3.3.1 Results of Test Pit

3.3.2

g

For this project area. a total of 11 field test pits (TP) were excavated out in order to evaluate the eXisting ground conditions. And the results are as follows.

Results of Laboratory Tests

The existing ground sub-grade layer can be classified as A-4 according to AASHTO standard, The laboratory tests indicated that majority of passing percentage of #200 sieve is over 80% and plastic index (PI) is less than 10 or no plasticity, The grain size distributions curves of existing ground and borrow materials tested are given in Figure 1 and 2.

KM 2C+OO{)

.- - -KM 30-000

- K.\1 50+000

->-- 1<: ... , 60+000

KM 80""000

KM 5!3-"'000

G''''n S'Zft ",m

Figure 1: Grain Size Analysis of Trial Pit Samples

c

-

, ,

<'

f \ -

-

-r':'-"'---.,- ------~~-·--1 .-~- --:- --.--~-------j . . ,

__ __, - ~~ \ __ • • •• - - I + wi--- -- .. - .. -~--~-- - - _. .+---

I : ,

i , ,

-- Borrow Nc. 01

; ! ; ~

I i !

'1 : i j ~ i

! ~

: ; i i

3OffOW No, 03

··"'"90ITCwNo.04

1 ....... Borrow No. 05

I --Borrow Nc. 06

L_-+- S.~~~o, 07

" i

i i I ! i : ,

Figure 2: Grain Size Analysis of Borrow Pit Samples

3.3.3 Results Of CBR (California Bearing Ratio)

The range of CBR values vary from 7 to 21 % at 98% of MDD.

Design CBR values are evaluated by statistical and accumulated curve method as follows:

(l) Statistical Method

(2)

Design CBR (CBR)avg - (CBR)stdev From available trial pit data Design CBR " 9%

Accumulated curve Method (AASHTO)

Summary of accumulated curve method is shown in Table 1 and Figure 3.

n j~'

, j

. . -

.-

100.00

9O.0Cl

eo.oo

10 :xl

" 6Q.0:::

" ~ ~ 5000 • " ~

40.00 ! :

ZC.OO

20.00

10.00

Table 1: Accumulated Curve Method from Trial Pits

A<:<;;Jf!1ufaled ~e!hoa 'Of EstimaIJrg Design CaR fw Tlai PAs

, \ i i ; ;

• \ . • ; .

• •

I ! i ! \ i. i I I :'" ~ I • , , , ,

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.

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,

: i",-i i : I "-

: ; : ! i i 1

•

2.00 4.00 5J:O B.OO 1000 12.00 14 00 l~_OO 18 DO 20.00 2.2 GO 24.00

CBR 0/0

Figure 3; Accumulated Curve Method for Estimating Design CBR for Existing Ground Condition .

l.

I 1="

From the accumulated curve Method (AASHTO) in more than 90% of locations, CBR values(using graph) are greater than 8%.

Evaluated CBR values of 9% and 7% were obtained from Statistical and Accumulated Curve Method respectively.

For design purpose. 8% CBR can be adopted along this section of road where the existing ground acts as subgrade.

3.3.4 Analysis of Existing Ground Results

3.3.5

The results of investigation of the existing ground show that the field densities of existing grounds ranges between 57% and 80% MOD. In such cases normal practice of compacting to 95% MOD of existing ground is suggested before proceeding with filling work.

Analysis of Borrow Pits Test Results For Earth Fill

Summary of accumulated curve method adopted for selection of CBR for borrow materials are shown in Table 2 and Figure 4.

Table 2: Selection of CSR by Accumulative Curve Method (AASHTO)

:.1.

ACCJmu!a~ec Curve ,\1e:hOd f~r ES;lmaUng Design CBR(AASHiO) fo: BarTOw Pits

100

90

80

70

• 60

'" ~ 5C • e • a. 40

30

20

10

I I . i i

, ! ; ,

! \. , : I ! : !

\, :

i I : .

I i .. ~.>\; , ,

t : I

I ! ! , "', i ! ! ,

. :

! ; i I ~. I ! i ; i· ! . :

,

i I i

• ! ~ i : i ! !

, • I :

: i i : , ,

I----~: i ! , !

: i i I

!

: i , ! !

i i !

I

2.00 4,00 6,00 B.DO 10,00 12.00 14:.')0 16.0C HI.OO 2D.00 22,00 2"WO

CBR,%

Figure 4: Accumulated Curve Method for Estimation of Design C8R for Borrow Materials.

The results of the investigatons of the borrow samples show that the more than 90% of tested samples 4 days soaked CBR at 9S%MDD are more than 7.5%. Using CBR less than the existing ground CBR in fill areas lead to uneconomical deSign. To optimize the quantities CBR of S% can be adopted for new pavemer)t design.. Careful selection of fill material or borrow areas are required during the construction stage to meet the design CBR of 8% for new pavement design. This could also result in an economical pavement.

ANNEXURE-4.2

Laboratory Test Results of the Environmental

Monitoring

.- ., .,

. ",'"

Methodology of Sampling and Anafvsis

Sampling Locations and Schedule:

Sampling points were selected after discussion with NESPAK team. The sChedule of monitoring along with the dUration is as follows;

I Sr. I'D t LNo. a e

~ ..... .

j Scope of I L f Services oca Ion I D~~ation I

I Site visit for I "

I selection of j' 0

.

Near TCF School Khanewal Toll Plaza Near Police Check Post Maitla Chowk Dakota Road DuniaPur Super Chowk Lodhran

1 116-03-07 monitOring I ~ pOints,

~-I 1& "'~" ~ '"~ : "~'''''''' +~ .. -.---~--.-.-.-.. ~I 2~'ho~r;'l: . 2 : 03-07 i conditions ; Same as Atove

r~ ~~:~~-07 to 20-1 ~~~:~i Air-r~am~ as A~~:~-~-'-" I-~ hOU;-!

24 hours

~ , MOnltO'i!3'_+ ____ . __ ~ ____________ ~-- ;

I; i !

,. 4 '16-03-07 to 20- i Noise Level i Same as Aoove . , 03-07 I "1onitoring I L- I . __ i _-.--+ __ ~___ , __ J

.1 I ' Ground Water Sam~les: --- ---l-I I : 0 P.S.O. Pump nea' Khanewal Toll Plaza : I 0 :vear Ma:~a Chowk . I. I 17-03-07 to 20- Water : 0 Dakota Road Dunla Pur , Grab

5 i 03-07 Analysis l£... Sup~r Chg"'i<.!:CJ(jhral1 ______ .. _ '--'l Sampling I I 1 Surface Water Samples:

I . 0 . Near Maltia Chawk

! I ·1 0 Stream (12-L) near Dun!a Pur i .0 Super Chowk Lodllran i

Sampling Schedule

7

,-.'1.

n ;",,1.. [

:J

:'!

AMBIENT AIR QUALITY

Parameters for Monitoring

Ambient air qua:ity was continuo:Jsly monitored for 24 hours at selected sampling point. Ambient air quaiity was monitored for the following parameters.

Carbon Monoxide (CO) Sulfur Dioxide (SO,)

• Nitrogen Dioxide (NO,) • Ambient Particulate Matter (PMw)

In addition to advised' parameters for ambient air q<Jality, the weather data was also recorded continuously for 24 hours with the help of portable weather station. The parameters monitored as follows;

Temperature Humidity

• Wi nd Direction • Wind Velocity

Barometric Pressure

Selection of sampling Points

Selection of sampling points was made considering thew!nd direction at the adviseo sampling site.

8

I

'",..

I

i "" ...

Sampling and Analysis ,he summary of the sampling methodology is given in Table - 2. "'he detail of irldividual parameters is as follows

Air ! Monitoring I Method ! Measurement: Lowest T Sampling Pollutant

I Technique

I I Range I Detection Duration

Limit i ... -

I Automatic

I Continuous

(arbon I Potable 4() CFR SO, data was monoxide : Analyzer App. C 1 - 100 ppm 1 ppm recorded and

(CO) ! (US-EPA) I

hourly I I . average is

. reD°rt~

Calorimet~c

I :mproved 40 CFR 50, 0.01- 0.4 ppm

Su:fur DiOXide West & App. A 0.01 ppm 24 hOL:-s (SO,) Gaeke (Sad. (US-EPA) 25 ~g/mJ to

Tetracr.loro I . 1000 ~g/mJ

I I ! Mercurate ) : Method !

I Griess

. 001- 0.4 ppm Nitrogen ISO 6768 0.01 ppm 24 hours

Dioxide (NO,) I Saltzman 25 ~g!m::: to . Method I 1000 UGlmJ .

I High Volume i 40 CFR 50,

Particulate

I

App. J 2 - 750 "9/m' 2 "91m3 24 hours Matter (PM,,) [ PM lO Sampler (US-EPA)

i ~. ..

- -Table 2. Sampling Methodology of Ambient Air

Sample Preservation:

1\ shipping container (Ice box with eutectic cold packs instead of ice) with maintained temperature of ",0 ( ±5 O( was used for transporting the sample from the collection site to the analytical laboratory. For particulate matter the samples were collected on fiberglass filters properly stored and placec in the vacuum desiccators transported to SGS Lab for analysis.

9

I .

I

I

,.[l

'1" "\ """,

" '; -

- "0i4-

NOISE LEVEL MONITORING

Noise level was mon:tored at :he advised sampling point for 24 hours with interval of 1 second a~d hOl,Jrly average data is reported. The sound level was monitored \vith the help of potable Digital sound meter (RION, Model NL - 31, IEC60051 TYPE 1 IE60804 TYPE 1 JIS C 1505)

WATER QUALITY

The ground water and surface water samples were collected from the advised samp'ng points in accordance to standard method for collection of water samples, The analysis on water samples were conducted on the following advised parameters

GrojJnd .water Samples

, Microbiological Analysis:

• Total Coliforms Fecal E Coli

• Total Colbn;al Count • Feca: Enterococci

Chemical Analysis:

pH • Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)

Total Hardness • Chloride

Sodium Turbidity Fluoride Nitrate

• ."iitrite • Arsenic

Surface Water Samples

Microbiological Analysis:

• Total Colifo'ms Fecal:::, Coli

• Total Colo~iai Count Fecal Enterococci

JO

"1 -

Chemical Analysis:

pH Color Odo~r

• Taste • Turbidity • Dissolved Oxyge.~ • Total Suspended SOlids (iSS)

-; otal Dissolved Solids (TOS) Alkalinity BOD,

• COD • Tota! Hardness • Conductivity • Chloride • Fluoride • Nitrate • Nitr'lte • Sodit.:m

Water Sampling and Analysis

Sam pie Collection:

The water samples were collected in accordance to the SO" based on the methods of United State Environmental Protection Agency USEPA and American Public Health Adninistration (APHA) methods for water sampling and Analysis.

Sample Container and Preservation

The water sa!71ples were co!lected and preserved in appropriate container as per APHA guidelines. The summary of sample containers and preservation are mentioned in table' 3 .

. Sample Identification:

The collected samples were !a:'eled and assigned a unique sample identification number and all the relevant ir.formation (sample location, time of collection, sa'll pie identification, temp., pH, collected by, preservation techniques etc) are recorded on the specific filee forms ane 'signed by Field AnalYSt.

II

SUMMARY OF SPECIAL HANDLING REQUIREMENTS

MINIMUM r' . • MAXIMUM ' .

DETERMINA TJON CONTAINER SAMPLE PRESERVATION i STORAGE. SIZE (ml) I RECOMMEl'<"DEDf

I· REGlJLA TORY .

I CONDUCTIVITY P,G I

500 I REFRIGERATE '28 DAYS /28 DAYS I .. ~ ..

IFLOURIDE P I

300 • NONE REQUIRED 28 DAYS/28 DAYS · . . I i I ADDHNO, TO pH , 2(; I HARDNESS P,G

I 100 i 06/06 MON

-~-I

I METALS, GENERAL I P (A), G (A)

I

- FOR DISSOLVED 106/06 MON I METALS FILTER

! I IMMEDIATELY i NlTRATE P,G I 100

I

ANA LYZE ASAP OR 48 HRS 1 48 HRS ADD HoSO .. TO pH < 2

I

REFRIGERATE OR FREEZE AT - 20 C

NlTRATE + NITRITE P,G 200 I ADD HoSO .. TO pH < 2, ;..JONE / 28 DA YS . . ... -L .. · REFRIGERATE

" , '-'

I :

NlTRlTE I

P,G 100 ANAL YZE ASAP OR I NONE 148 DA YS

REFRJGERA~

'ODOR I FREEZE AT- 20 C .

500 ---... ..~ ..

G ANAL YZE ASAP . 06 HRS .

I

I REFRIGERA TE .

IPH P,G

I - ANALYZE I 02 HRS! O~~RS ..

IMMEDIA TEL Y ... -~ . -P(}----I·· r . TEMPERATURE - ANALYZE . , , ! - j -

IMMEDIA TEL Y I TURBIDITY P,G - ANALYZE SAME 48 HRSi 48 HRS II DAY, STORE IN DARK i

~OLOUR UPTO 24HRS. i

............

P,G 500 REFRIGERA TE .48 HRS I 48 HRS

I~OD ••••••••• =-----... __ .....

P,G 1000 I REFRIGERATE 06 HRS 148 DA YS

········---1 P,G+oo • ANALYZE ASAP OR 07 DAYS 128 DAYS ICOD

I ADD 1-I,SO. TO pH < 2 ~ .... I

ALKALINiTY I

P, G 200 i REfRIGERATE 24HRS/I4DAYS . ,

P, Pia,uc Cocramer. G: Glass Bo:[ie Table 3, Sample Handling and Preservation

12

n , .. ~ .. ~

J

r . ''''';'':~~ ,

a

n . _'* s i

;J

n -, . 1 "

! j

," -,

j

.J

Methods of Analysis:

Terlperature, pH, conductivity dissolved oxygen were recorded imrlediately, and filed duriC1g sample collection exercise, .while the rerlaining parameters were analyzed in the lab, All the parameters were analyzed in accordance to SOP 1'i'aSed""on recognized methods of ASTM, USEPA or APHA methods Annexed as table - 4.

S,N: . PARAMETER ." ..... METHOD/TECHNIQUE IR'EFERENCE METHOD. i-~~'---' ---'--+=-----------'---'----_~_'_ __ _'_'_'__JI

1 ITerT',perature :TherrT';ameter !

-·~~~~~--------~~--~~~~~~~----~~----~I 2 'pH pH meter w:th 2 point calibration lIPHlI,4500W B

3 'Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)

Wet chemistry

4 810iogical Oxygen Demanc Wet chemistry /Incubation (BOD5)

5 Total Suspended SOliDS CTSS) We: chem;",ry!lIir oven ! .

6 ,Total Dissolved 50'·'os (rDS) 'Wet c:1er11lSrry!Digital

APHlI-522G 0

Lovibond, USlI

!lIPHI'.-2540 D

'lIPHA-254 Q C _-:0--+1

determin8~or . 7~oride' ,Wet chemistry lIPHA-4500Cr B

-SHardn"ss--···· ." Wet chemistry· . APHA-234Q C

9 Sod.um iMS iAPHA-3500Na B

ION.trotes lor Selective lIPHlI-4500NO, B

1-71 ~l -+.T:c:0,::a::.l.:.,lI::.lk=o..,:lin::.it)::.',.eC_P!..,) =&,.eC:.,M.!..) _-+.T:;-!t7;fI:.,m;--i t:::e:-::ry-:--_______ ~lIPHA-2320 B 12 Nitnte I~olorimetry APHA-4S00NO, B

.

Table - 4: Methods of Analysis

13

_. ~ ,

~~1 Metrological Data

Sampling Point Near Police Check Post Maitla Chowk (,1

,,:."'\ Date of Intervention March 18-19, 2007

j

R I Date I. Time Temp Wind Dir ! Wind Speed Hum Pressure

. ,.·:,-1 ! °c I mfs % I mmlHg , I

11'8/03/2007 I 16:00PM I 27 ! N 1 4.0 63 766.5 ,

: 17:00 PM , 26 ! N 3.6 70 766.1 i 18:00 PM I 24 N 2.2 18 765.7 I

i

i 19:00 PM i

2? I N 22 . 83 765.6 'I

t-- • 20:00 PM ! 21 N 2.2 86 765.7 il ,..~

M ____ ~ ..;;;..:~ 121:00 PM : 21 i N 1.8 85 . 765.6

j !

i 22:00 PM I 21 N 2.2 ·86 765.5 i

I· 23:00 PM !

I I 21 N 2.2 84 765.2

,L1 I 24:00 PM 20 N 2.7 86 765.1 '. ,

19/03/2007 i 01 :00 AM NVV • 19 2.7 ! 90 76~ ;

: 02:00 Arv1 19 N 2.7 i 88 764.6 ~-.j ! i 03:00 AM 19 "lW 3.1 88 '764.4 : .-' ! 04:00 AM 18 NW 3.1 91 764.4 :

, 05:00 AM : 17 NW ! 2.2 93 764.1 :---1 06:00 AM 18 NW 2,2 93 764.8 -~;

07:0e AM ! I j I , 18 "lW 2.2 93 764.9 I 08:00 AM , 18 NW 2.2 93 765.5

: 09:00 AM I 21 N 2.7 85 765.4 , . 10:00 AM 23 W 2.7 76 766.6 , 11 :00 AM 24 S 3.6 i 77 766.9

::':~i 12:00 PM 26 W 2.6 : 73 , 765.8 -. 13:00 P.\t1 26 S 2.1 I 72 : 765.5

: 14:00 PM 26 W 2.2 71 765.3 - _."'_M' ___

T : 15:00 PM 26 WSW 3.6 7~ 765.1 , , J_ .

I

;~I !

":;",1

-t-.; 1

!8

; -~=

1:0

.

Sampling Point Date of Intervention

Date , ---_ .... _-y--

Time ,

L1-7/03!2007 15:30 PM

! 16:30 PM 17:30 PM 18:30 PM 19:30 pM

i ' 20:30PM I . 21:30PM I'

I 22:30 P\1 ! 23:30 PM 24:30,..,M I

I 18/03/2007 0'!:30 AM

I 102:30 AM

I 03:30 AM

i 04:30 MJ.

I 05:30 AM

I 06:30.AM I ,

~.-.•... 07:30 Mvl .

I 08:30 AM I r-- ...

09:30 AM

I ~O:30 AM . ,

J 11 :30 AM 12:30 PM 13:30 PM 14:30 PM

Metrological Data

Temp Uc 25 25 26 26 22 20 19 19 19 18 18 17 16 16 15 15 16 19 22 23 25 26 27 27

Dakota Road Dunia Pur March 17 -18, 2007

Wind Dir Wind Speed m/s

N 2.2 NE 1.9 !

. N 2.0 SE 1-.8 ---'-r NE 0,4

I N 1.8 N 2.2 I~ I 1.8 N 2.2 N , 2.2 N 2.2 N 1.3 N 1.3 N 0.9

I ;\1 1.8 .. i

...

N 1.3 N 2.2

I t:: 3. ; N'" , 2,7 NE ! 3.1 NE 2.2 I

NE 2.0 NE 3.6

I Nt:: 2.2 - ..

,

Hum Pressure! % I mm/Hg

63 768.9 .-

62 , 768.0 62 ! 767.8 76 768.2 I 81 768.5 ,

·82 768.3 82 768.1 82 7685 87 768,4 87 7681 88 , 767.7 90 767.1 91 766.4 91 , 766.3 91 I 766.6 92 767.2 I 92 ; 768.0 83 ! 769.6 74 770.1 71 770.1 63 ! 769.3 , 59 769.7 . 52 769.9 55 769.0

19

Q,

~l I


Metrological Data

Super Chowk Lodhran March 16 - 17, 2007

,Date Time Tm

Temp Wind Dfr] Wind Speed,~: __ -,-H-=-uC'-m'---l.I~P~ressure Ii---':::·='--,---''':':':'':=--+, --"Oc~~--'-'--''--''-~ : m/s % mm!Hg

16/0312007 : 15:0,:"O,"""P=-~:::~~'r--.--o;2-:=-5_ NE 0.9 58 770.1 ! 16:00 PM I 25 NEE 2 1 62 770,3 I

1~1------~I-'~7~:0~0~P~M~T' __ ~2~5 __ +~N~'E~E~~ __ ~0~.0~ __ +i __ ~6~5 __ -r~7~70~.2~' 1'------+-,8:00 PM 21 NE 0.9 79 I 769.5 '

19:00 =>M 18 NE' 0.9 I _ 86 77Q,1 20:00 PM 17 NE 1.8 i 88 770.6

I 21 :00 PM ~7 NE 1.8 89, 770.2 22:00 PM' 16 NE, 1.3 90 770.9

23:00 PM 1 _ _:'_;::5---+---:-N"'E:----,---_:'.:..:.S'-.---+_-90 770.6 ~2A~+:_;::0~0~P~M~--~1~6'--_+--~N~E~_+--_:0~.4~--+_~9~,'---+~7=7~0-'-4'--"1

i-7/-03-12-0-0-7 01 :00 AM' 15 NE 0.0 91 770.1 :-...... --- 02:00 AM 14 Nt: 0.0: 91 769.6

i 03:~ 14 N 0.0 91 768.9 i 04~~--'-,4-:--+-+-7.N""E--+---::-O.:.:;;0----r-i ---=9~' --+----=7-=678.-=8-i1

Ii--------~i' ~05~:~oU~nAM ·---'-,3~-+-+~N~E--+---::-0.-=0---~~9~,--+-.~7-=6:::;9.~0-+1 , 06:00 A"" , 13 NE 00 93 769.3 , 07:00 AM I 13 NE i 04 94 770.1

0800 AM 17 NE 04 91 771.2

1i-__ ..... c ___ +0::-;9~::ocOO;-.:.;,:A:;\1 t-- _.;:2:::;0 __ ~ __ _;;N~Ec-_+i __ -:'~.8t__--+__:7:-::8'---L-_:7::::7:::2'-:.4'--il 10:00 AM 23 SE! 2.7 66 773,0'

Ir---"'-'- 11 :00 AM 24 'SE 2.2 56 12:00 PM 25 NE 3.6 =t 57

1i-_____ ~~13~:~00~P~M+--~2~5--_+--~~~JE~_+-~2~.5~ _~5~5~ i 14:00 PM 24 NE 2.1 58

772.5

" 772.6 i 772.6

772.3

,

Ambient Air Quality

Sampling Point

Date of Intervention

S. No. Date

Bhalay Walla Near Masjid Aqsa 8 Km From Khanewal March 15 - 16, 2007

Time CO (ppm) I L .. 1 : 15-03-07~· 10:00.. .. BDl_ • 2 I 11:00 I BDl

~=:----~~ t~··~ ~!~ .. '-..~.~.~~ ... -~~-~ ... ~: ~- 7 16:00 i 1

BOL: Below Oetection Limit

Parameter

: Nitrogen Dioxide (NO,) Sulfur Dioxide (SO,)

! PMw

Remarks: ND: Not Detected ppm: parts per million

Ambient Air Quality

Unit

ppm ppm j.lg!m3

Duration

24Hours 24 Hours 2.4 Hours

wg/m': micrograms per cubic meter

Lowest Detection Limit

co: 1 ppm SO,: 0.Q1 ppm NO,: 0.01 ppm PM,,: 2 j.lg!m3

Concentration

0.02 0.01

287.80

,

.-

Ambient Air Quality


I Parameter Unit

i Nitrogen Dioxide (NOl ) ppb , Sulfur Dioxide (SO,) ppb Carbon Monoxoide (CO) ppm PMlO ~g/m3

Remarks:

~g!m', micrograms per cubic meter

lowest Detection limit

co: 0.01 ppm SO,: 1.0 ppb NO" 1.0 ppb PM,,: 2 ~g/m3

Near Shamkot Station April 24- 25, 2008

Duration Concentration

24Hours 6.3 24 Hours 3.2 24 Hours 0.64 24 Hours 528.63

17

r: <:~~ : !

f:J , , .' j

t !

,,-i I

r:: >.1 I

L.J

~ •.. !i

r~'

;-' : , •• J

f '",

,....;.j , i

,d., ~. i

. J

Ambient Air Quality

Sampling Point

Date of Intervention . .

i Nitrogen Dioxide (NO,)

Sulfur Dioxide (SO,)

PM]c

Remarks: ND: Not Detected ppm: parts per million .

Unit

ppm

ppm

"C 1m 3 ~~,

f.J9/m]: micrograms per cl:bic meter


co: 1 ppm SO,: 0.0: ppm NO,: 0,01 ppm PM,.: 2 f../9jrrr

Near Police Check Post Maitla Chowk March 18 - 19, 2007


24Hours. 24 Hours

24 Hours

0.02 0.02 230

f·;l..

Ambient Air Quality


Dokota Road Dunia Pur March 17 - lB, 2007

f 5. No.1 Date I Time 1_ CO (ppm) I

1 17-03-07'----1-1_· _....:15:..:c: 3::..:0_-+1 ___ . .-:..1 ----1 I~i __ 2_ .. -'-_._ .... _~r __ ._ .. l:.:6:.:.::3:..:0~_-l-__ .. _. __ 1_._._ .......... ..ji·

3 17:30 2

4 18:30 SOL

5 19:30 SOL

6 20:30 SDl

7 21:30 SOL

8 22:30 1

10 24:30 SOL·

~.1_L_1=:c8:.:.0::.::3:.:-0::..:7_-t--_---'-0 __ 1:.c.3_0 I SOL

12 i I 02:30 .• __ -l-___ ......-B~D"'L_ I 1-13 I 1 - i . 11--11-4s-Tlm-. ----j-- ~!~~~ I m __ .. ~. __ -j

. 05:30 I SDL ---ui, I ----=:06:..:::..:30~_-I-i __ m ____ ,S::<:::DL I :_~ .... ;-ol.-____ m+ ~;~~~ .~-........ ~----------'-----4~"

~ ~~ !_·· __ m_···-+I_-=-~~:':;::':~~'------II_-_-~.~~----,~=---_ i 21 I : _....:1c.:1.:.::3:.::0 __ +-1 ___ ==~1~====_·--_----ll

22 I i 12:30 BDL

~3.-L i 13:30 I ____ .:::S.=.D=-L ___ ---;I,

_~_ I 14 __ :=--30~_...; ____ ..:1'---___ -41, 24 Hours Average 1 0.583

BDL: Below Detection Limit

28

n ,~~~,' j

j

n "'-I

I

'""1 -~

i

Q

I ('0, ....

r.;:.) . i

. i

E 0.:

J2, 0 (.)

24 Hours CO Data

2.5

1.5

1

15:30 18:30 21 :30 24:30:00 3:30 6:30 9:30 12:30

Time (Hours)

Graph 3: Variation of co with Time

19

I .l..

Ambient Air Quality


Parameter

I Nitrogen Dioxide (NO,)

I Sulfur Dioxide (SO,)

I PM!o

Remarks: ND: Not Detected ppm: parts per million

Unit

ppm

ppm

f.j9jm 3

/Jg/m': micrograms per cubic meter

lowest Detection limit

co: ; ppm SO,: G.Gl ppm NO,: a.Ol ppm PM,,: 2 j.Jg/m'

Dokota Road Dunia Pur March 17 - 18, 2007


24Hours 24 Hours 24 Hours

0.02 < 0.01 145.5

30

( , ,....,;:

-,~

.-

Ambient Air Quality


I S. No. Date r

I 1

I 16-03-07

I ----

2 , I 3 !

4

5 6

7

I I 8 I

I 9 T i I

L~~ 1m

I 17-03-07 I

12 __ mm ---------------+-..... 13 i I ,

I~ I I

( 15

! -(

16 I .. _._ .... -17 I 18

19

20

21

Super Chowk Lodhran March 16 - 17, 2007

Time CO (ppm) ,

~~~ri6-+ 1

1 17:00

I BDL ._-. __ .. -

18:00 5D~

:9:00 I 2 20:00 I 1 21:00

1-1

------------~ ..

22:00 BOL 23:00 BOL -_ .... 24:00 BDL 01:00 1

ml~ _m

02:00 1 03;00 BDL 04:00 I 1 05;00 BDL .... _-06:00 BOL 07:00 BOL 08:00 1 09:00 1 10:00 2 11:00 BDL

--------~ .. _ ... (

22 I 12:00 1 m

. 23 13:00 SDL mm

I 24 14:00 1 ,

24 Hours Average 0.625

BD L: Below Detection Limit

I I

I i

I

I

i

.

I ,

31

24 Hours CO Dala

2.5

6:00 9:00 12:00

Time (Hours)

Graph 5: Variation of CO with Time

32

o !

r, i· .j -,

il . ~-'''*l

i

, , -r

-'-~

.- """-

Ambient Air Quality


I Parameter

I

Nitrogen DIoxide (NO,)


, PM lO .

Remarks: NO: Not Detected ppm: parts per million

Unit

ppm

ppm

~g/m3

~g/m3: micrograms per cubic meter


co: 1 ppm 50,: 0.01 ppm NO,: 0.01 ppm PM,o: 2 P9/nr

Super Chowk Lodhran March 16 - 17,2007


24Hours

24 Hours

24 Hours

0.02 0.03 356

33

Noise Level Monitoring

Sampling Point

Date of Intervention

S. No. Oate Time

Bhalay Walla Near Masjid Aqsa 8 Km From Khanewal March 15 - 16, 2007

Leq Lmax Lmin

f---l~j 21-Q?::,,-0,-7 +-~1'c"0,",:0",-O _I_~~~ 85 .•. 1' __ ~_-l~_ 90 .2~ ---l~ .... ~..":' 65" .. _1"'---_1� 11-...:2~+-i' _ ._~. t-_ll :00 _~7,-,7-".3,--_+-_-,,89 • .4 ..:6::..7",.3_-11 1'----_3_-'-' ___ +-....::1?:Q()-::r ...... ~.'-'73'.:.c.7'--_-+-_-'8:;_.9 __ -+i-_-'-'70::.::.6"-----l1

4, : 13:00,----+-1 _ ..... _7_0.5 ___ .1---'8~2o::.3'---_L! _~62':.::,S"__--I1 If~...:5_-,---_. __ -+' .---'14:00 74.1_.----+-

1 _ 89~_+ 63

_6~.+! __ ~_~I ___ -o15=:=00 _+-_~ .:...77'--_-+_---"S"-.7 .'-'4_-I_---'S"'6::.:. 9~-11 7 1 16:00 79.7 86.S 58.5

8 ___ ~.J 17:00 77.2 87 -+-1 _-,,6.6.8

-:0- ····~I -i~:~"'~--'-li _ ... ~_ ..... -'~.:c~:.:..:~_ I :~:~- r s~42-~ 11 20:00 74.i~--- -s4.6-+-- 60:1 -j ~_+ i 21:0_0_... 77.4 87.5 i63.3-=.j

13 ' 22",,: 0-=-O _+-1 ...... _71.~6 _._+-_~.9,,-1.,::: .. 6"---_1-_~6~2'c!..7_~11 14 22-02-07,-+' ---,2",3"":0,,,,0_;--__ 7'-"6"".1'---_. _ 89.1 6004

_1c...5---j __ ~_ ..... __+-~0:"'-OO~ _ __+_-_ 71.4 _--t_---'9"'-O::.:.3~~ _ __'O":':::~-I1 _16'---f--~ __ 1----'10'.:0"'0'- _+--_-'-7S~.6"---_ __+---"-'92"-'-.5"---+__-.=:=:.~__l1

17 2:00 79.3 85.4! _--"-'~_-II

59.3 55.6

57

~ 3:00 7'...7.",,5 __ +--.. ~ _"'-80"--_-+-_--"""-" 19 4:00 ' 69-O' __ -iI_ 76.2 .1 - ~~--~-~~--II

58.1 ..... -j 58.1

20 5:00 70.1 72.1 56.3 ----.-

60.7 11-2:.:..1+-, ___ . 6:00 1 ___ ~58 ... 3,, __ .+~_ .... 7'_"':5·.3_._......,!1__--!:~-__I1 11-2=2--11-__ +-~7~:0~0_~~_~7~2 ___ -I_~80~_+-__ ~ __ -+-1

~- ± :;~~-t=... 7:'"-/"--_+_---"'8:""~1'---+-_~"----l1 59

62.6 59.2


Sampling Point Near Shamkot Station Date of Intervention April 24 - 25, 2008

, !

:

S. No. Date i Time Leq Lmax Lmin

1 24·04-08 14:00 67.2~~.~ _~~7.~ 52.5

2 15:00 66.5 83.9 i 54.8 .... - -----_.

i 56,6 3 16:00 68.7 84.7

4 17:00 70.3 87.3 , 49.3

. 5 1 18:00 67.0 : 78.2 47.1

. 6' 1-'19:001- _~c:c66=-c,=-1 _~!i_--.:7-=-9:::,0_-+_~""46~.'4=---U ! 70.2~! 83.1_

m

+ __ 4,:c,8.=-9 __ ----j1

23:00 I 24:00

i~~~~~ ~_.~ __ =~ __ _

79.0 46.1 14' -~!. aiao -- 66.8 _ 77.1 49.0

15 04:00 I 70.7 83.2 48.0 ~-~~~-----+--~~~I

16 05:00 65.4 +_~75~.4~_,_~ 50.1 ~-f------- , .---

~~,. f---~_ml_-~6 :00 .-"6~6"_.,3'-----_+~~= __ _.._- ... ~=--_I1 18 1--.° 7 :00 _---+ __ ::6:4: .:::1. m~_+ _-=-=.::--_.. +_m ... _:':::':_--II 19 08 :00 _-.:7,:::.2,:::2 __ +-_.::,::::.:... ... ~+-_",_--"':':C.._.1I 20 _~~. 09'00 71.0

~ 10: 00 i~9::. .• 6"-__ ..,. ____ .""-:~_ • .c. __ -::;~:::..._..:1 _~_2~2 __ + ,~_ _ 11:00 .,e7,:cO:.4': __ m .f-

~~I-_ 12:00_ _ .]1:::,.0'-----_ L~4 • . 13:00 70.7

76.2 : 47.2 74.9 49.4 87.4 48.0 84.2 52.4

79.1 53.0 ! 81.6 54.2

I-82.0 54.1

----.-~-

80.1 55.2

19

f ,

Noise Level Monitoring 100

9°~~~tffj~~~~~~~ ao P;b-~~~~'~~~.~' 70T~~~~~~~~~~~

m 60~~~~~;~~'~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~ ~ 50 f,,~c.c:.:.c..'''4=:~'-c'-~;;'~~+~'"~'=''',''~-'-'-;.c-'-'-'-'-j

~ 40'h7~:-"~T7~~,-,-,-'=~'+'+~~;"~+++~~~'~ 30;:'-+~"c,~,-:;.~~: ,~~~~;,,:~~,~~

20+,-~C;++~C;+C;+~~+~+~+~+~~~

10 1~.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~2 O--~"~~~~~-~~~"~~"'--~~~~i

14:(l0 16:00 22:(lO 2:00 6:00 10:00

Time (Hours)

--.... - Leq __ 4 __ Lmax Lmin

Graph 1: Variation of Noise with Time

20

('1 I.

, ,

" .-r ,

\..


Sampling Point. Date of Intervention

!I I s. No. ! Date Time

1 1l'l·rn.n7 ! 16:00

2 ! i 17:00

3 18:00

4 .1 ! 19:00

5 i : 20:00

6 I 21:00

7 I 22:00

8 I I

23:00

9 24:00

10 19·03-07 01:00

11 , 02:00

12 03:00

13 04:00

14 05:00

15 I 06:00

16 I . 07:00

17 ! 08:00

18 I 09:00

19 10:00

20 11:00

21 .

12:00

22 . 13:00

23 14:00

24 15:00

i

,

I

I

I

I

:

Near Police Check Post Maitla Chowk March 18 - 19, 2007

Leq I Lmax

73.5 79.5 66.7

75.3 84.3 63.7

73.0 : 84.3 63:9

. 72.1 80.1 60.1

76.3 86.3 . 62.8

75.9 I 92.6 64.0

79.7 85.9 67.7

73.0 i 82.7 I 68.2

70.1 78.0 65,4

67.2 77.1 ! 60.3

63.7 75.0 57.0

69.9 72.2 58.9

61.8 I 73.5 I 59.6

59.1 69,4 55.5

66.3 73.0 54.7

68.6 75.9 56.1

73,4 I 83.7 i 61.0

77.2 91.7 64.5

77.9 I 88.5 62.1

75.7 90,4 ! 61.5

77.0 84.0 65,4

78.1 81.4 63.9

76.0 , 86.2 : 62.1

79.9 90.1 69.0

. i

37

D j

9 ,

_.

r """", ,

100

90

80

70

co 60 :::?-'" 50 '" 0 40 z

30

20

10

0

Noise Level Monitoring.

16:00 20:00 24:00:00 4:00 8:00 12:00

Time (Hours)

-+- Leq . ',. Lmax Lmin


38

.- , .. ,

-

. tJ i

I J •



, s. No. i I Date Time

1 17-03-07 15:30 .

2 I 16:30

3 ; 17:30

4 18:30

5 . , .

19:30

6 : 20:30

7 : 21:30

8 22:30

9 , T 23:30

10 . 24:30

11 1 n~ 01:30

12 02:30

13 : 03:30

14 04:30

. 15 : 05:30·

16 06:30

17 07:30

18 08:30

19 09:30

20 10:30

21 I 11:30

22 12:30 i 23 . 13:30

24 14:30

i i

i

I

.

;

i

i

:

:

Dokota Road Dunia Pur March 17 -18, 2007

Leq ~max 76.1 81.9

75.2 80.0 .

74.9 82.1 . .

73.7 77.3

72.0 78.6

75.1 ; . 75.5

74.0 79.0

73.1 89,3

70.0 80.9

69.1 72.9

65.2 70.2

64.3 no .. 59.5 69.1

57.7 I 65.0

54.6 67.2

58.0 I 64.2 73.1 : 80.5 .

70.3 I 81.7

73.9 85.4

76.4 82.8

75.6 90.1

74.0 82.4 .

70.1 84.5

71.3 80.6

I I

Lmin I

61.6

67.5

65.7

62.4

63.3

65.0

67.1

52.9

. 68.0

65.1

62.0

59.4 .

.60.3

55.5

52.9

53.7

I 57.2

i . 66.0

65.9

. 67.6

69.1

68.0

I 67.3

i 65.1

39

•

Noise Level Monitoring 100

90

80

70

ro 60 ~ III 50 '" ·0 40 z

30

20

10

0 ,;-

15:30 19:30 23:30 3:30 7:30 11:30

TIme (Hours)

~Leq ... ~ Lmax Lmin


r: .l::-;

J

r ~-i . J



Super Chowk Lodhran March 16 -17, 2007

13 03;00 65.7 70.1 58.1

14 . 04:00 63.6 72.156.3

15 ~ I 05:00 61.4 73.3 i 57.4

I 06;00 ' 63.1

: 07;00, 66.3 . 08:00: I 675

09:00 i 65.3

10:00 67.5 11:00 67.5

12;00 i : 66.6 13:00 i 65.3

14:00 I 64.1

4J

, ..

r

'" "'0

'" .£! a Z

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

15:00

,

NoIse Level Monitoring

19:00 23:00 3:00 7:00 11 :00

TIme (Hours)

--.-- Leq L'max Lmln


42

CHEMICAL LABORATORY TEST REPORT

JOB NO. CLIENT SAMPLING SITE

SAMPLE DESCRIPTION SAMPLE COLLECTION DATE

APHA-3500Na

ENV-LHR-045 I 2007 NESPAK (PVT) LTD

NEAR MOSQUE AND SCHOOL GROUND WATER

MARCH 16, 2007

mg/L

07 Turbidity , APHA-2130 B NTU 22

250

NS

50

200

5

1.5 i

3

os I Fluoride (F) _____ ~~ A_D_HA_-_F:_ ~9_/_L_~'_O_.O_1+_. __ *. ___ -1. __ . __ --li

i 091 Nitrites (NO,r i APHA-4500NO, B _Lmg/L i - * --

0,01 10 i Arsenic (As) -.--- I APHA-3500 A:-;-j mg/l T 0.01-+: --.--+-----

N.D: NOT DETECTED. -: NOT DEFINED ,,: LESS THAN.S LDL: LOWEST DETECTION LIMIT *: MEANS RESULT WAITED

SGS PAKISTAN (PVT) LTD

!

.-

Microbiological Analysis Report

Reference: Name of Customer: Sampling Site: Date of Sample Collection:

Env-Lhr-078 12008 NESPAK (Pvt) Ltd. Nankana Kot (Shamkot) April 24, 2008

Sample Description: Ground Water (45 Feet Depth)

04 APHA: 9230 C o /lOOml

NOTE:

01/100ml

WHOIUSEPA Guidelines for Drlnkin9 Water states that Total or Faecal Coli forms must be absent and are not tolerated in Potable water.

Remarks: cfu : colony forming unit

22

. -.

Job No.

Client Sampling Site


Env-Lhr-078 I 2008 NESPAK (Pvt) ltd.

Sample Description Sample collection Date

Nankana Kot (Shamkot)

Ground Water (45 Feet Depth)

April 24, 2008

Not Defined <' less Than lDL: Lowest Detec~lcn Limit

23

['1 "~,;,- i

J

, .,

: I . f".~

Microbiological Ana~i~ Report

Reference: Name of Customer: Date of Sample Collection: Sample Description: Sampling Site:

I i SIND . Parameters

Env-Lhr-04S/07 NESPAK(PVT) LTD 19-03-07 Ground Water NearMaifla Chowk

," ,

Procedur~ . . Permissible Limits

1f,I--,o,-,l~-+I...cT",o::o;ta::.:l-,c",o",lo;;;.n~y..:c=o"U:i.:n:ct __ +1_' __ APHA ._1-< 500 cfu / m! .

L. 02. I Total Coli forms I APHAi9222 B I

r I Faecal ..j I

03_Sol! forms(E,[oli) ._--i...c..:APHAi922"'2....:S:......;.-_ ! Faecal . I

04 i S:reptococci/ i APHA: 9230 C i __ . __ I_Enterococd .

0/ ;OOml

o i lOami

a (100ml

NOTE:

Absent j 100ml

._Absert / lOOml

Absent! 100ml

WHO/USEPA Guidelines for Drinking Water states that Total or Faecal Coli

forms must be absent and are not tolerated in Potable water~

Remarks:

TNTC: Too Numerous Too Count


45

---

--

-

-

L:.I , i .

.q

," ','1



SINo

Env-Lhr-045/07 NESPAK tPVT) L TO 19-03-07 Surface Water Near Maitla Chowk

Results

Procedure "".

""'. - ",c

Permissible ....•... 'Results "Limits".'".".·.

L~L_i Tetal Colony Coun: _cA.P.~H-"A""-_+--'",-"==CL..:",,,---, ____ T,-,N,",T-,C"!_,,m,,-1 i

I 02 I Total Coli forms i APHA:9222 B i 05/100mll

I 0; : ~~""iC,"') ·-I-·~-f'H-::9222 8 ""~"" 02 ! 100~ 04 . Screp:ocoCCII APHA: 9230 C I Abser.t/ lOoml_'

I, I """" i Enterococci i"" ""

NOTE:

WHO/USEPA Guidelines for Drinking Water states that Total or Faecal Coli forms must be absent and are not tolerated in Potable water~

Remarks: TNTC: Too Numerous Too Count


46

n . ;~ i

.. -

.



!:i ! SINo! Parameters

. ! 01 To~al Colony Cour,

I . . 02 • Total Coli forms

~aecal . ...... 03~Li::2liformill'.COIi) .

• Faecal ! 04 • Streptococci! I

: Enteracocd I

NOTE:

Env-Lhr-04S/07 NESPAK(PVT)LTD 18-03-07 Potable Water Dokota Road near Dunia Pur

!: -

. Procedure j

Permissible . Limits

APHA ! < SOD au I ml

APHA:9222 B , o IlGOml . APHA:9?J2 B o /lOOml

APHA: 9230 C o /lOOml I .

- --, . ' , .. . ,.: . . -,'

.

..... Resul~<} . '..:

I 901/ .. rn...l

I Absen: / lOCm!

Absent 1 100m~ ,

f AbsentJ lOOml •

WHOiUSEPA Guidelines for Drinking Water states that Totai or Faecal Coli forms must be absent and are not tolerated in Potable water.

Remarks:

TNTC: Too Numerous Too Count


47

r::J ,

.W

!"'i)...

MicrobiologiCal Analysis Report

Re1erence: Name of Customer: Date of Sample Collection: Sample Description: Sampling Site:

,Parameters ,

Env-Lhr-045i07 NESPAK (PVT) LTD 18-03-07 Surface Water Stream (12·L) near Dunia Pur

Results

" " ',: .:' Procedure Permissible. Results ,:"

" Limits," " : ",' ,'" I , . . I

! OI~otal Colony counti ' APHA 1" seQ cfu / m!~_, TNTCj m~ I, , I I' 1,..JB.'~f-flL,al Coli formst-"?HA:9222 L __ OJ..1.{lCml--, TWC (lOOml r Faeca' , L I i ! 03 Colt fQrmsu::.Q:lIL~ APHA:9222 B , .....21lOOml ,Absent j100ml i

I I Faecal i ' -"-~" [

04 i Streptococ:i/ : APHA: 9230 C: 0/100",./ f Absent/~

NOTE: WHOiUSEPA Guidelines for Drinking Water states that Total or Faecal Coli forms must be absent and are not tolerated in Potable water~



48

,

n L!

r ,.-!

.~i; -j J

n-j .~." .

.J

J

Microbiological Analysis Rep0l"!


,

Env-Lhr-04S/07 NESPAK(PVT) LTD 17-03-07 Potable Water Super Chowk Lodhran

, SINo Parameters' ' .. Procedure . Permissible',

, Limits

01 i Total Colony Count ",~l APHA 1-·

< 50.0. cfu I ml 1 ,-----: . ..

I: 02 T ata I Coli form s

I APHA:9222 B a (lOOml

~. Faecii' . 03S9EJ2'.D2s(E.ColI) APf-lA:9222 B 01 eOOml

I ~--~ . I FaeCili . I I I

0.4 Streptococci{ APHA: 9230 C o /lOOml I I EnterococcI

NOTE:

I··.··· • .

itesults '. . ~ -, ' .. , ,:: (:-::'.~":':" . ';:-',-j

"

',',::,."

I TNTC/ ml

TNTC/ : OOml i

I Absent {lOOml

Absent{ lOOml

WHO/US EPA Guidelines for Drinking Water states that Total or Faecal Coli

forms must be absent and are not tolerated in Potable water .



49

, -~ ; .1'

,-:-


Reference: Name of Customer: Date of Sample Collection:

Env-Lhr-045!07 NESPAK(PVT)LTD 17-03-07

Sample Description: Surface Water Sampling Site: Super Chowk Lodhran

i .'. .•.. ,

Para~eters Procedure Permissible" . Results .. ' . .

Limits '.' '.' ...••

~LlI' TotEi Col2!:!'i coun~~_~ APH~._:.. < 500 au / ml I TNTCI ml

f-. 02--r-I0tal Coli forms . i. APHA:922.2 B . i .0 !....:oOml. ____ L TNTC! 100m: i .

• I Faeca' . ! . I I· i

[

i.-!f3 I Coli forms(E.Coli) I APHA:92~:z..El.....L--~ 100rTl.I __ ~_Abs~nt/lODn..!!. ~~~i I I

04 /Stf;ptococcv . i APHA: 9230 C I O! lOOmi Absent! 100ml L _ En,erocoCCI I L I

NOTE:

WHOJUSEPA Guidelines for Drinking Water states that Total or Faecal Coli

forms must be absent and are not tolerated in Potable water.



50

, r-..;j.,.

CHEMICAL lABORATORY TEST REPORT

JOB NO.

CLIENT

SAMPLING SITE

SAMPLE DESCRIPTION

SAMPLE COLLECTION DATE

ENV-LHR-045 / 2007

NESPAK (PVT) LTD

P.S.O. PUMP NEAR

KHANEWAL TOLL PLAZA

GROUND WATER

MARCH 20, 2007

lis;" PARAMETERS I

METHOD I UNIT' LDL •. TEST j I RESULTS.

i APHA-4S00W . B I mg/L I ! 01 I pH - 7.72 • f--...

02 Teta' dissolved selids ( TDS) • APHA-2540 C '1lg/L • 5.0 938

i 03 Chloride ( a ) APHA-4500CI- B mgJL , 5.0 37.4 , ... ,

04 Hardness APHA-2340 C . I mg/L i

5.0 163.2 i -I ,

05 Nitrates (NO,l i APHA-4500NOl 8 I

mg/L i 0.1 8.90 ,I

- ........... -~ ......... -+-_ .

06 Sedi'JIl' AP.'lA- 3500~Ja B mg/L 1.0 200

I I 07 • Turbidity I APHA-2130 B I N7U , - 'JD. , ..... -o81;I~oride (F) I APHA - F C mg/Lp __ O.04

09 ! Nitrites (NOll' APHA-4500N02 8 mg/L I - " 0.9 i , I •

10 " Arsenic (As) I

APHA-3500 As B mg/L , i

0.01 I <0.01 '!

N.D: NOT DETECTED. NOT DEFINED

<. LESS THAN.S LOLl LOWEST DETECTION LIMIT

.WHO LIMITS

6.5 -8.5

1000

250

NS

50

200

5 ..

1.5

3 .

0.01

SGS PAKISTAN (PVT) L TO

51

I

Ii

1 ___ ' '-,.4..

, .,..~.


S;·I 01

i

02

03

04

05

06

07

08

JOB NO.

CLIENT

SAMPLING SITE

SAMPLE DESCRIPTION


PARAMETERS METHOD

pH - APHA-4500W B

Total dissolved solids ( TDS) APHA-2540 C

.

Chloride ( CI ) APHA-4500CI- B

Hardness APHA-2340 C

I APHA-4500NO, Nitrates (NO,)" ,

Sodium I APHA-3500Na B

Turbidity APHA-2130 B

Fluoride (F) APHA - F C

B

09 Nitrites (NO,)" APHA-4500NO, B

10 Arsenic (As) I APHA-3500 As B .


<: LESS THAN.S LDL: LOWEST DETECTION LIMIT

ENV-LHR-045/ 2007

NESPAK(PVT)LTD NEAR MAITLA CHOWK

GROUND WATER

MARCH 19, 2007

UNIT I LDL TEST I RESULTS

i mg/L i - . 7.49

,

1

mg/L 5.0 1085

i

mg/L I 5.0 322.9

mg/L 5.0 424.3 ! !

mg/L i 0.1 33 , ,

mg/L , 1.0 144 I

NTU i - 5 I ,

mg/L 0.01 0.07

mg/L - 6

I mg/L 0.01 <0.01

. WHO •. LIMITS

6.5 - 8.5

1000

250

NS

50

200

5

1.5

3

0.01


52

.-- J..

{'.-~

'. ~-"'"

. 1-.

JOB NO.

CLIENT

SAMPLING SITE


SAMPLE DESCRIPTION


ENV-LHR-045 I 2007

NESPAK(PVT} LTD

DOKOTA ROAD DUNIA PUR

GROUND WATER

MARCH 18, 2007

-

PARAMETERS METHOD I' I -I TEST I WHO UNIT, LDL RESULTS I LIMITS

~ I 01 I pIC I APICA"4500IC' B I ~rn~g/~L~~-~+-i' ~-~-~8~.2~5--,-+~6~.~5~-~8~.5--J1 02 i Tota; diSSOlve': solids (TDS) ., APHA-2540 C i rng/L I 5.0 i 3543 , 1000·

~4500CI~_ 1:9/L I ~~45-.;~-~' --2-5~-- .

I -+ i" 157.4 ,I N'S I ,I. _o_4-,1 H~a_rG~-n_e_ss ____ ~ ______ ~I_A_P~H_A_-_23~d~,O __ C ___ ~~I~m_g_/L~ ____ -r~~~_~~~ __ ~1

05 Nitrates (NO,), I APHA-4500NO, B I mg/L , I 7.70 I 50 t-- I -I- -------r----+I-------!------~6-' Sodium I APHA-3500Na B _ I mg/L i 1.0 I _35_6 ____ +--' ___ 2_0_0_-1

07 Tur~ldity I APHA"2130 B i;llT[) r "I "1 I 5

08 Fluoride (F) __________ ~ILA~P_H_A_-_P __ C_=[~-9,-IL--'j"----'--O:~~-.-1-6~-ii--~1.=5_---I ~: Nitrires(NO,)' ---------i' AP~A-45COJ'.;02_ B j mg/L----Li __ ~·_r 3 7 ~3

10 I Arsenic (As) APHA·3500 As B ! rng/L i 0.01 I <~.Ol I~---~--

03 Chloride ( 0 )

N.D: NDT DETECTED • • ' NDT DEFINED <: LESS THAN.S LDL: LOWEST DETEcnON LIMIT

SGS PAKISTAN (PVT) L TO _

,

F "-.1 I ,

01 pH

CHEMICAL LABORATORY

TEST REPORT

JOB NO.

CLIENT

SAMPLING SITE

SAMPLE DESCRIPTION


PARAMETERS METHOD

ENV-LHR-045 f 2007

NESPAK (PVT) LTD

SUPER CHOWK LODHRAN

POTABLE WATER

MARCH 17,2007

I : TEST

UNIT LDL. RESULTS' ... .~;

WHO LIMITS

• 65-85 • • APHA-4S00W B' : mg/L ,~ 7.99

(TDS) I APHA·2540 C mg/L~: .. 5.0 : --73-2--+--1-00- 0--11

03 .-c-n-!O-ri-dP-_-(-Cl-)------'--+i~APrlA-"500Cr B 'mg/L i 5.0 I' 74.8 1 Z50

Total dissolved solids

1 ...... _04_tl' _H_ar_d_ne_s_s _______ 1 APHA·Z340 C. I mg/L I 5.0 I Z88--+I--N-S--l1

05 I Nitrates (NO,)" 1 APHA-4500NO, B mg/L 0.1 4.80 I 50

~J=Od-i-um-·-----·====---· _---1.~A_P_'"'_,/;_.3_5_00_N_a_B_l-!,--m-g~L .. ~-1-0_3-+-.-20-0-__I1 07 I Turbidity I APHA-2130 8 NllJ L:J_ 8 I 5

1 ...... -08

-+'. -FI-uo-n-d-e-C-F)------+A-P-H-A-.-F-c----+-m-g/L ·o.~~--o.~~--lf---1-.5---Ii

Nitrites (NOS APHA-4500N02 8 mg/L 1.7 3

10 APHA· 3500 As B mg/L 0.01 <0.01 0.01

N.D: NOT DETECTED. -: NOT DEFINED <: LESS THAN.S LDL: LOWEST DETECTION LIMIT


54

II , , i,~)

. , ,

) 1

~j

r i ! ' f";"~

i- r

!.....l

,'-"1-, -j" .. -'

. -_L , ,

',[J.

1,.1

JOB NO .

CLIENT

SAMPLE DESCRIPTION


ENV-LHR -04S /2007

NESPAK (PVT) LTD

SURFACE WATER

SAMPLING SITE NEAR MAITLA CHOWK

SAMPLE COLLECTION DATE MARCH 19,2007

. METHOD TEST SR.# PARAMETERS UNIT LDL

RESULTS .

01 pH APHA-4500W B I - 8,18

Biochemical Oxygen Demand ASTM 5210 02 mg/L - 4

( BODs) -'--~'-

03 Chemical Oxygen Demand APHA-5220 D

mg/L 5,0 11 (COD) I

04 Total suspended solids (TSS) APHA-2540 D mg/L 5,0 102,5 i--

05 Total dissolved solids ( TDS) APHA-2540 C mg/L 5,0 272.5

06 Chloride ( CI ) APHA-4500Cl' B mg/L 5,0 18.7

07 Fluoride ( F) APHA - F C mg/L 0,01 0.07 I

08 Dissolved Oxygen (DO) APHA-45000

I mg/L

C/G - 8,6

09 Conductivity I APHA - 2510 - B IJS - I 352

LIMITS AS PER NEQS

06 - 09

I I

80.00

150,00

200,00

3500,00

.

1000,00

10.00

-

-

SGS PAKISTAN (PVT.) L TO

55

I

I

I 1 !-~ .

r-;\ , I

r'';'-'"

SR. #

10

11

PARAMETERS.

Nitrates (NO::),

Nitrites (NO,)"

. 12 Sodium

METHOD .

APHA-4500NO, B

APHA-4500NO, B

APHA-3500Na B

I UNIT

I LDL

I mg/L 0.1

mg/L I I mg/l 1.0 I

TEST· RESULTS

5

2.1

12 I

LIMITS ASPER NEQS

. 13 i Taste - I I~--+-------------~---------+----~----~----+------li

! - Tasteless

14 Odor APHA-21S0 B Odorless

15 i Total A;kalinicy AP'1A-2320 B mg/L - 128 - I

16 ISO 7887 - - Turbid - I,

.-~--!-T'~L u"r-,b'-jij'G-j,pc-,'-- _··········-;.--."D-,"-.,-,"-'In·······s·········--+-··---+.-_-+-7-1-+----c-Ij

1_18 Hardness APHA-2340 C mg/L I -I 136.3 -


<: LESS THAN.S LDL: LOWEST DETECTION LIMIT

SGS PAKISTAN (PVT.) l TO

56

1- ! 1:

, . t

J.-i

, , , ,

(' , , !

JOB NO.

CLIENT

CHEMICAL LABORATORY

TEST REPORT

ENV-LHR -045/2007

NESPAK (PVT) LTD

SAMPLE DESCRIPTION SURFACE WATER

SAMPLING SITE


STREAM (12-L) NEAR DUNIA PUR

MARCH 18, 2007

I SR. # PARAMETERS METHOD

UNIT LDL TEST RESULTS,

01 pH APHA-450CH" S, I - I 7.91

! _ .....

! Biochemical Oxygen Demand i AST~1 5210 02 , ( BOD, )

mglL - 9

~i 03 I Chemical Oxygen Demand APHA-5220 ')

I mglL 22 , (COD) ,

5,0 , i ' i

'T~ta! suspended solids (~~ , ,

04 APHA-2540 D, mg/L 50 ~9 !

I

I I

I i 05 Toeal disso'ved solids (TDS) APHA-2540 C mg/L 5,0 ; 390

!

06 ; Chloride ( [j ) , APH/H500CI B [ mgll 5,0 j 66,7 ,

~l,"i"(" I APHA" F C ! mg/L 0.01 ! 0,04

08 Di,ssolved Oxygen (DO) APHA,,45000

mgll. i : CjG : , i 8,4

I I condu~Vity I AP,'iA --2510 - B I"~

~ ... ~

I I 09 wS - 616 I

LIMITS ",' AS PER, ,NEOS'

06 .. 09

80,00

150,00

200,00 """'-

3500,00

1000,00

10,00

,

,


57

,

n t,- ;.lv .. '

n 1-

i

!

" ! TEST LIMITS.

151 METHOD UNIT LDL 'RESULTS ASPER # PARAMETERS .

I ·NEOS I

10 f\i:rates (NO,), APHA-4500NO, B mg(L 6.80 , -

11 Nitrites (NOll" APHA-4500N02 B 1.7 -

.. r-------- .-.-

12 Sodiurr nilN, B

mg!L 359 -.

13 Taste - Tasteless -,

14 Oear APHA-2150 B - Odorless' . .

15 Total Alkalinity APHA-2320 B mg!L . 135.7 -

16 ISO 7887 - -

17 Turhrlitv APHP-2: B NT'J - 89 -

APHA-2340 C mg/L 157 I . "0' u, ,~oo -.

N.D;' NOT DETECTED. NOT DEFINED

<: LESS THAN.S LDL: LOWEST DETE;CTION LIMIT


58

....... '

1

:.;

CHEMICAL LABORATORY

TEST REPORT

JOB NO.

CLIENT

SAMPLE DESCRIPTION

SAMPLING SITE·


SR. # PARAMETERS .

ENV-LHR -045 /2007

NESPAK (PVT) LTD

SURFACE WATER

SUPER CHOWK LODHRAN

MARCH 17,2007

i LIMITS TEST

UNIT , LDL·, RESULTS . AS PER ! . 1 . NEQS

METHOD

'oc"'m;~' Dry,," Oe~", i ":::::: ~mgl' ,R~" ~~84256+J °:0-0;-(BOOs) I

03 fChemical. Oxygen Demand ,APHA-5220 0 IL I: 5' 0 I ..... ~~Q.. .. 5 00

01 ' I, pH

02

• (COD) I mg '. 1 0,

: -~ ~o-ta-I-su-'s-p-en-a-'e-d-SO-I!-d-S-(TS-S-')~ -i-i "~-PH~--2-5~~-; mg/L 5,0 15 200,00

05 1 Total dissolved solids (TDS) APHA-2540 C ! mg/L 5.0 !

435 3500,00

06 , Cl"loride ( CI ) APHA-4500CI" B, mg/L 5,0 66,7 1000,00 , - ..

07 0,01,1

.. -'~ ..

0.16 I 10.00 FI uoride ( F) APHA- F C mg/L

08 ! . i . 7,2 -: Dissolved Oxygec (DO) .

i APHA·45000 mg/L C/G

09 - 653 . APHA - 2510 • B !" i I Conductivity ~S i i

SGS PAKISTAN (PVT.) LTD

59

.~

,

t " ',: : , '.~! ..

, -'

SR. I ' TEST I UMITS

I METHOD UNIT LDL RESULTS ASPER

# PARAMETERS I NEQS !

10 : Ni:ra:es (NO, r APHA-4500I-<O, B mg/L 0.1 5.20 i -

! Nitrites (NO,l' AbC", 'l B mg/L 11

I

- 1.2 .

12 SOdium ," • a B

mg!L 1.0 i 56 -

13 Taste - i Tasteless -

---.-

14 Odor APHA-2150 B - Odo;-Iess ~ -, ,

15 Tota! Alkalinity APHA-2320 B mg!L - 134.6 -

:6 I Ccilor ISO 7887 .

11 I Turbidity ~P""-2: NTU - 4 -

18 Hardness APHA-2340 C mg/L -

N.D: NOT DETECTED. -; NOT DEFINED <' lESS THAN.5 LDl; , LOWEST DETECTION LIMIT

SGS PAKISTAN (PVT.) LTD

6u

,i-

USEPA NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARD

Following are the limits speci4ed in NAAQS for primary as well as secondary pollutants,

POLLUTANT

Carbon Monoxide (CO)

8-~lour Average

-: -hour Average

Nitrogen Dioxide (NO,)

AnnLla~ Arithmetic Mean

Ozone (0,)

i-hour Average

8·h(",r Average

Lead (Pb)

Quarterly Average

STANDARD VALUE'

9 ppm

35 ppm

0.053 ppm

0,12 ppm

Q,CS ppm

1,5 flg1m3

110 mg/m3)

140 mg/m')

(100 fl9/m')

STANDARD TYPE

Primary

Primary

Prir:cary & Secondary

Primary & Secondary

Primary & Secondary

Primary & Secondary

Particulate (PM 10) Particles with diameters of 10 micrometers or less

Annua! Arithmetic Mean

24-hour Average

50 "g/m' 150 ug/m3

Primary & Secondary

Primary & Secondary

Particulate (PM 2,5) Particles with diameters of 2.5 micrometers or less

Annual Arithmetic Mean t 5 flgtm3 Primary & Secondary

24·hour Average 65 ~g/m3 Primary & Secondary


Annual Arithmetic Mean 0.030 ppm (80 flgim') Primary

24-hour Average 0,14 ppm (365 fl9im') Pdmary 3-hour Average 0.50 ppm (1300 flgtm') Secondary

77

·1 .1

n '1

.'

D j

Annexure - VIII

Drinking Water Guidelines

78

"

,:I--, ,

'"

Drinking Water Guidelines Maximum permissible limits as defined by Various Countries

AbbreviationslExplanations: NS~No Standards I JTU:JacKson Turbidity Units I NTU~NepheiDmetric TurbidilY Units cu""Co!or Units ! MPr-J Coliforms, Total or E.ColI!100ml ! P:-Co "" Platbium Cobalt Standards I EEC=European EGono'T:i::; Community for ::r:vlronmental Legis!ation USEPA:::. Ur,ited States Environmental Pr_otection Agency J TON"" Threshold Odor Number

"mgjj (milHgrams per ;;tre) except where nOTi~ied_

79

ANNEXURE-4.3

Photographical profile

Land)

--

-

Lodhran

-

-(Chak 87/1 OR, Khanewal)

-

---

-

Residents

ANNEXURE-4.S

List of Visited Departments

List of Departments and NGOs visited

1 Irrigation Department, Lodhran

2 Building Department, Lodhran

3 Building Department, Khanewal

4 Agricultural (Ext.) Department, Lodhran

5 Education Department, Lod~ran

6 Forest Department, Lodhran

7 Agricultural (Ext.) Department, Khanewal

8 Forest Department, Khanewal

9 Revenue Department. Khanewal

10 Wildlife Department, Khanewal Zoo

11 Environmental Protection Department (EPD) Punjab, Multan Office

12 Environmental Protection Department (EPD) Punjab, BahawaJpur Office

13 Association for Human Resource Development (AHRD), Lodhran

, •.

Annexure-7.1

Executive Summary of

Social Impact Assessment and

Resettlement Action Plan (SIA & RAP)

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The Government of Pakistan has given major emphasis to building of new motorwaysl expressways and improvement of existing roads to dual carriageways. Khanewal - Lodhran Expressway is a step towards strengthening and expansion of the road network. as a part of National Trade Corridor (NTC) Highway Investment Programme.

Khanewal - Lodhran Expressway is being constructed with the assistance of the World Bank (WB) for Road Sector Development. This Social Impact Assessment (SIAl and ResetUement Action Plan (RAP) have been developed in consultation wHh World Bank Guidelines for such projects.

The proposed Expressway contains two lane dual carriageways. The entire alignment from Khanewal to Lodhran is about 101 km long and 100 metres wide. It is passing through mainly agriculturally productive areas. The paved portion of the proposed Expressway will be a 30.8 metre wide four lane (extendable to six lanes) dual carriageway including green bell.

The Expressway also includes the construction of five (5) interchanges, 13 bridges, underpasses/subways and flyovers along the route.

The main policy objectives under RAP has been developed to minimize involuntary resettlement to ensure that the persons tO'be displaced have their former living standards and income earning capacity improved or at least restored to original position. Baseline data for socio-economic condition of the project has been collected using various survey tools.

Public Consultation process was carried out to understand the perception of the affectees. During the public consultation, majority of the population demanded the provision of underpasses near the settlements, proper cross drainage structures and continuity of their existing water channels, which are specially used for irrigation purpose.

Detailed survey of all the land and land based assets have been carried out and all the cost have been applied at the current market rate for these land and land based infrastructures existing in the districts Khanewal, Vehari and Lodhran.

Project impact survey reveals that 2161.5 acres of land is to be acquired, a total of 863 families with an overall estimated population of 7162 persons will be affected. Project affected families by land are 686, affected tenant's families are 16, affected household owners are 98 and tender families are 02 with an overall estimated population of 7162 persons. The affected families due to brick kilns and poultry farms will be 01 and 03 respectively .

The Project impact survey shows that no population centers/settlement will be dislocated due to the implementation of the proposed project except scattered houses along the route.

Forest trees of acacia, shisham, poplar and eucalyptus etc. with a total of 4952 trees and 254 fruit trees of mango, orange, Jaman, berri and lemon etc. are also falling in Ihe RoW. These would be compensated as per market rates applicable to both the categories of the trees.

Entitlement matrix has been developed 10 ensure that all the affectees are paid for their loss of land and land based assets and crops on the current market rates to the affected families, tenants and workers.

A total of Rs. 1872.70 millions are estimated as the compensation cost of the project. The cost includes the compensation of land, crops and land based infrastructures, transitional period allowance, shifting charges, vocational training, water filtration system, and the cost of monitoring and evaluation etc.

8

ANNEXURE-7.2

Entitlement and Compensation Matrix

~~~Natu==-~ l:'Fg~f:::~I~~ ~~l)mP:~~I~~~~~~atr~l::~e:ntatlo: Issues J,

Loss 'of a9fiCUlturalland1' Le.g:~E~:r of L Replacement land or I ii Cash Compensation I

the land under LAA-1894 & World Bank Operational Policy 4.12 on Involuntary Resettlement (replacement

I value assessed by DOR ; I pius 15% compulsory land ) l. ~_~~_...-.L_~~_____ a uisition C9~_._~.-j : a Assessment of quantity and ' b Assessment tmAssessment of d. Title updating : ~ali of land I of mark~ vaiue re 'acement value land.. ~_._ .. , I APs Will be fully Informed of a) LOSing land upto 10% Legal owner of the land !

I the entItlements and I of ~he total landholding I I ~::~~;es regarding .---J.... .

II. Cash Compensation under HI Cash : Iv. Replacement land 08 a. Assessment of quantity LAA-1894 & World Bank compensation cash compensation as per and quality of land Operational Policy 4.12 on for one year World Bank Operational Involuntary Resettlement (two crops-rabl Policy 4.12 on Involuntary I

(replacement value assessed and kharlf) as Resettlement for residual by DOR plus 15% compulsory ;ncome land of 2 or less than 2 land acquisition cost) restoration and kanals, which is of no use

rehabilitation to the affectees. measure as per World Ban" Operational PoliCY 4~ ~ 2 on Involuntary

~_~4-"R,,"e~se~.tt:lement c. Assessment of replacement d. Title + e. Payment of cash ·-~JTAPs will'b8fufly Informed

, compensation I ~~~e entitlements and value land updating i . procedures regarding I

b) Losing I~I Legal owner-of the land 0.~;~ement la~d or more than 10% I and less than

I 30% of the , I tolal

iii. Cash'compensatJon forone' year (two crops·rabi and

landholdl",,-------.. Iv. a. Assessmeni' of quantity Replacement and quality of land

kharit) and one addllional crop income as income restoration and rehabilitation measure as per World Bank Operational Policy 4.12 on InVOluntary Resettlement

land or cash com pensat';on as per World Bank Operational Policy 4.12 on Involuntary Resettlement for reSidua: land o~ 2 or less than 2 kanals. which is

, , of no use to the I I affectees. , !(ititle updatlng-~'-~ ~e:-Paymec.ic,r--I i cash L.~_ .. _~ .. _~.~_.~~...c:omfl'l'1satlo,,----

f. APs will be fully informed of the entrtlements and -----.-~--.-~

b. Assessment of market value

19:-iden\lflcatjO~n~o~f7Cth~e-'~ ·1 cases lOSing mere than J. ~ . .JO% ofthe (olalland

,

F Entitlement and Compensation Matrix , ... Nature of loss Definition of Entitlements I Impiementatlon Issue. . Entitled :

------t- .... ~P~erso'.:n_-+ ____ --,:--_--,-. ,,---.,...,.--;-,,--------1 oracedures regarding ! holding.

c) Losing land 'more than 30% and less than 75% 01 the total landholding

Iv. Replacement land or cash compensation as per World Bank Operational Policy 4.12

\ on Involuntary Resettlement : for residual land of 2 or less , than 2 kanals, which Is o( no

Leg-a-I-own-e-r-o~f +.e:, a""Rcc:"'pi~~e-m-e-n-t ian-d~o-r--' rii. Gash Gompensatlo"--

the land under LAA,1894 & World Bank Operational Policy 4.12 on Involuntary Resettlement (replacement

a. Assessment of q uantty and quality of land I

, b, Assessment of market value

!

value assessed by DOR : plus 15% compulsory land

acgulsltlon co~ ___ 1 i c. Assessment of I replacement value land

~I use to the. affectees.

e, Payment of cash .. ··---iTAPs will be compensation I fully Informed

.-C:;~ ;--:-:-.....,..,;-:-_~.m __ .-----I

~ g, identification of the

, of the cases lOSIng more than 10% o( the total land holding,

: Legal own,,', of the land

v), Additional one time allowance @ Rs. 6000 per affeelee for vulnerable affectees as income restoration and rehabilitation measure as per World Bank Operational Policy 4.12 on Involuntary Resettlement.

, entitlements and procedures regarding

~~ip~~~":e-:m-e-n'"';t-+-:ii-. c;;G-:a-:sh;-OCo-omp-e-ns-ati=o;::n-"'i'i;:-IL-:c"'a~s:;h:-::co~m=p;::e~ns::a:;t;:io::nC;fC:o~r-1 land or under LAA-1894 & World two year crop (two crops-

Bank Operational Policy rabi and kharlD and one 4.12 on Involuntary , additional crop income as

assessed by DOR plus per World Bank 15% compulsory land Operational PoliCY 4 12 on

Resettlement j' income restoration and (rePlace, menl value rehabilitation measure as

__ +-"af9l.li.slllo~ cost) lovolunta Resettlement vi. Prefere"ce a, Assessment of quantity , b Assessment of market in employment and qua:ity of land value during construction actlvlties as income restoration and rehabilitation measure as per World Bank Operational Policy 4.12 on Involuntary , Resettlement I:

Imd Title updating e. Payment of f AP"'s"'w"'II"1 b"'e:<Cfu"'tlyC----+"'g"'."id7:e:::.ntiiicatlonolthe .... , I cash ; informed of the cases lOSing more than I : compensation I entitiements and 75% of the total land

b ' , procedures regarding holding.

~' I" payment.

, Loss of crops to cullivab'ie Farmers, . I, Cash grant to farmer, Ii. Cash compensation (or • land by fanners, tenants and tenantlsharecropper, one year (two crops-rabi I (tenants/share croppers) , sharecroppers ,based on market value of and kharl!) as income

l ' althe land • crops as per LAA-1894 & restoration and ... _____ ... _____ . .......ltlnder contract. i World .. Bank Oper~~onal.. rehab.ilitatlon measure as _ . ...J

L~ .. _~ .. _._~._~_Entitleme.nt andCo!11Jlensationl!!!!.trix~--~··-~··-~·-'

L-' Nature of Loss iDefinition of J' E. ntitlements ! Implementation Issues I

Entitled Person

--~~---~. asidentifiedby ,-PolicY.f12on Involuntary per World Baril<~~-~" the Land Resettlement. Operational Policy 4.12 on Acquisition Invo:untary Resettlement. Assessment Report (LAAR) althe Project at the time 0; planning and

i verified during : implementation

~._~ __ ~~ __ ~~_; of Project ._~ .. _~.~----.L. _____ ~

ANNEXURE-S.I

Accident report

" • ACCIDENT REPORTFORM;'

Date:

";;';,'":''''''' ,: '" :',:": ',}:' ' " , ;", Details about:lne Accident ,,:, ','pii,: ,,<:>::,,;""'1

Location:

Time of Accident: Date:

Description of the Event:

Reason: ! : Human Error Intentionally

If intentionally, name of Responsible Person(s):

Name{g) oftlie Affectee{s):

Type of Damage; Permanent DTemporary

Description of Damage:

Name of the First Aid Provider:

Signature of EM Date: I

I ," "',, ,MedicaJ,Aidprovided in case the Accident demanded, an admission to the'Hospltal',:>, ,,)

Name of the person who called the Ambulance (if it was called):

Name of the Medical Facility;

Type of Treatment provided; rv.edicaticn & Bandage

Costs occurred:

Signature of EM Date:

,-

ANNEXURE-S.2

Corrective Action Reqnest

; --J

Area: Description of the Problem:

Name and Position of the Originator:

Signature

/fc;~"under consideralion

Ilf under consideration. Investigation assigned to: ! .

·s· • I nature of EM

Detai[s of Investigation:

Proposed Corrective Action P"an

Signature of Assignee

Plan accepted/Comments:

Plan forwarded for implementation to:

I.signature of EM

Start of implementation plan: Target date of completion:

Signature of EM

COlTective Action;

EM's Comments:

.Signature of EM

OTaken

OEfteGtive

CAR No.:

Date:

CAR rejected

Date:

Date:

Date:

Date:

Date:

ONotTaken

o Not Effeclive

national trade corridor khanewal .. … of pakistan national high\vay authority national trade...

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