NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF PHARMACY

Discipline «Pharmaceutical and medical merchandizing»

Department of Commodity Science

Goods of the limited

pharmaceutical range

The commodities of a limit pharm assortment commodities are considered,

which specific weight in commodity turnover of pharmaceutical institutions very

it is small and makes no more than 1-2%.

At the same time they are necessary goods for the population,

treatment-and-prophylactic establishments, sanitary and epidemiologic

stations, control and analytical laboratories and others/

To these commodities behave:

Mineral waters

Detergents

Cosmetic medical

preparations

Leeches medical

and others

Disinfection and

disinsection

means

Chemical reagents

Mineral waters-

these are the natural or artificial waters containing raised

quantity of mineral or organic substances and possessing

specific physical and chemical properties,

which are used in the treatment-and-prophylactic purposes

The presence of biologically-active substances determines them

curative using for many diseases:

Gastrointestinal tract Buds

Cardiovascular system

At violation of exchange

substances

Cardiovascular system

Livers

Classification of mineral waters

By origin

the natural

The artificial

on a mineralization

(to the general

to the contents

salts, g/l)

Low-mineralized (to 2 g/l)

on

chemical

to composition

Low-mineralized (2-5 g/l)

Average mineralization (5-

15 g/l)

chloride

hydrocarbonate (the

carbonic)

sulphatic

mixed

Brine (35-150 g/l)

on maintenance salts

and gases

Alkaline waters

Sulphureous waters

Lime or earthy waters

Waters of table salt

Iron waters

bitter waters

Chemically indifferent warm sources

Highly mineralized (15-35 g/l)

nitrate

waters of difficult

structure

Classification of mineral waters

On application

Outward application

On a temperature

source

Cold (to t 20 C)

The subthermal (t 20 - 37 ̊ C)

Thermal (t 37-42 ̊ C)

On treatment-and-

prophylactic action

Medical (mineralization of

8-12 g/l)

Medical and dining

rooms (mineralization

of 2-8 g/l)

Dining rooms

(mineralization of 1-2

g/l)

Internal consumption

The hyper thermal

(t of over 42 ̊ C)

Ассортимент и применение минеральных вод

Name of water Country Mineral

ization

g/l

Activity Application

Berezivska Ukraine 0,8 Regulates a gastroenteric

secretion, increases a diuresis

and strengthens a

hematogenesis.

Treatment of

gastrointestinal tract

and urinoexcretory

ways

Миргородская --||-- 2,8 Influences secretion and acidity

of gastric juice, increases bile

allocation, improves a

metabolism.

Treatment of the

digestive system, is

inflammation of gall-

bladder, metabolic

diseases.

Naftusya --||-- 0,8 Increases a diuresis, diminishes

inflammatory processes,

diuretic and selection of bile,

accelerates oxidizing

processes.

Treatment of urological

diseases, inflammations

of a gall bladder,

hepatitises.

Svalava --||-- 9,7 Influences on a gastric

secretion and acidity, dilutes

mucus, strengthens the

leadingout of urinary sand.

Treatment of

gastrointestinal tract,

urinoexcretory ways,

liver, metabolic

disturbances.

Ассортимент и применение минеральных вод

Name of water Country Miner

alizati

on g/l

Activity Application

Truskavetskaya Ukraine 1,2 Regulates a gastroenteric

secretion, increases a

diuresis and strengthens a

hematogenesis.

Treatment of gastrointestinal

tract, operated concerning

ulcerous illness, catarrhs

and gastric ulcers.

Narzan Russian 2,3 Strengthens an intestines

vermicular movement,

promotes dissolution of

phosphates.

Treatment of catarrhs of

stomach, urinary and

respiratory ways, organs of

circulation of blood.

Essentuki

№4 и №17

--||-- 8,3;

11,3

Favourably influences on

the flow of exchange

processes.

Treatment of gastrointestinal

tract, liver, gall-bladder and

urinoexcretory ways, gout

and diabetes.

Borjomi Georgia 6 Like the action " of

«Svalava».

Like the action " of

«Svalava».

Requirements to the mineral waters, poured out

in bottles

For preservation of chemical properties and flavoring qualities

water has to be saturated carbonic acid.

Bottles have to be hermetically corked

Water has to be colourless, transparent,

without a foreign smell and taste

(except characteristic for this water).

For ferruterous waters it is allowed poorly

the expressed yellowish shade

For some waters the insignificant deposit of mineral salts that makes

a reservation the standard on this water is assumed

Packing of mineral waters

Glass bottles Bottles from РЕТ Packing "Tetra-Pak"

0,33; 0,5 l

and other 0,33 – 2,5 l

0,1 – 1 l

Crown caps

(tin covers) and

screw covers with

the natural

(cortical) or

polymeric laying.

Polyethylene corks

or lids with a break ring. Heat sealing

Corking Corking Corking

Marking

Each unit of a retail container with mineral water is marked by a

label, and on packing "Tetra-Pak" marking is put directly on packing

whom have to be specified in Ukrainian:

– name of the enterprise of the manufacturer, his address and trademark;

– name of water and its group;

– mineralization, g/l;

– chemical composition, mg/l (for medical table waters)

– setting of water(table, curatively-table);

– recommendations on curative application;

– suitability term to the use;

– date of overflow;

– capacity, l;

– terms of storage;

– stroke-code of products;

– standard designation;

– sign of accordance (for the certificated products).

Storage of mineral waters

Store bottles with mineral water in horizontal situation

in boxes or stacks to 18 rows in dry aired rooms

at a temperature from 5 to 20 of 0C.

Production in capacities from RET and packing "Tetra-Pak"

it is stacked in the vertical situation no more than 5 ranks high.

Warranty period of storage – 1 year, for ferruterous waters – 4 months.

Portage of mineral waters

Mineral waters transport all types of transport

in accordance with the rules of portage perishable

loads operating on this type of transport.

During loading, portages and

unloading protect products from atmospheric fallouts.

Disinfectants

it is the chemicals applied for

eliminations(disinfestations)

morbific microorganisms on ways

their transition from the source of infection to the organism.

These substances are called as disinfectants.

Disinfection are exposed all products or materials participating

in medical and diagnostic process,

and also rooms and medical equipment.

Classification of methods and means of disinfection

The mechanical

cleaning

damp cleaning

The physical

the thermal

(high and low

temperature, water vapor,

drying, boiling, burning)

The chemical

radiation

(direct sunshine, UF, X-

ray, etc.)

ultrasound

(for preparation of

vaccines)

chlorine and hloraktivny connections

iodine, bromine and their

connections

Surfaceactive

substances

washing

washable

airing

Chemicals in the form of gases and water solutions

acids, peracids and their salts

lyes

alcohols

phenols and

theirderivatives

salts of heavy metals

Requirements to disinfecting solutions

Good solubility

in water

Stability to light

and to oxygen of air

Harmlessness for the person

and animals

Lack of an unpleasant smell

and damaging

actions on materials

Good wettability

Reliable and fast action

on all pathogenic

microorganisms

Classification of chemical disinfectants

Means of the rough

strong disinfection

strongly muddy materials

Means of the thin

soft disinfection

skin

Means of the chemical

disinfection

surgical instruments

air in the closed rooms

to the shoe

to furniture

articles of care of

patients

toilets

insignificantly

muddy linen

to furniture

equipments

lighting devices

Basic assortment of some chemical disinfectants

Hydrogen

peroxide,

3% solution

Alcohol

ethyl,

70% solution

Chloric lime

Neochlorine

Sterilium

Chloroaminu

m B

Lizoformin "Asepsises -

Spetsial"

Aerodezin

2000

Chlorcin

Disinsection means

these are the chemicals applied to destruction of arthropods,

the insects carrying infectious diseases

(pincers, flies, mosquitoes, mosquitoes, cockroaches, housing ants, etc.).

These substances are called as insecticides.

Classification of insecticides

in dependence of their penetration into an organism

The intestinal

(through

the digestive

system)

The contact

(through

the external

covers)

Fumigants

(through

respiratory

ways)

Range of disinsection means

On the basis of

organophosphorus

compounds

dichlophos

On the basis of

dimetildichlor-

venylphosfatas

DDVF

«Neophos»

On the basis diethyltoluamide

and

dimetilphthalates

(DMF)

(repellents)

carbophos

Vofotox SP18

Chlorophos and

etc.

dophlox

«Nephrafos»

«Dichlophos»

«Molemor»

«Carbosol»

«Desmol»

«Rapthor»

«Zansarin»

«Anthikus»

«Rebeftal»

Rephtamid»

Maximal efficiency

at minimum

norms of expense of preparation

Efficiency preservation

under the influence of factors

environment

Rather fast

decomposition in water

and the soil with education

safe substances

The minimum negative

impact on the person

and animals

Absence unpleasant

smell and damaging

operating on materials

Sufficient safety at storage,

eliminating

possibility of poisoning

auxiliary personnel

Main requirements to insecticides

Packing of disinfectants

PACK

drums

for 25, 50, 100 l

glass large bottles

on 20 – 40 l

polyethylene

tanks and bulbs

to 50 л

barrels

from 50 to 275 l

Capacities close hermetically jams, wax,

wrap up a polyvinylchloride film

For a small retail container use plastic bags,

polymeric and glass bottles and banks, aerosol cans, tubas

Marking of disinfectants

name of manufacturer and its trademark;

name of a product and its grade;

number of party and tare place;

production date;

mass of gross and net;

denotation of normative documentation.

Transportation of the disinsection

means

Disinsection means transport all

types of the closed transport according to

requirements of standard documentation of a concrete product

Disinsection means store in hermetically corked container

in the place protected from light,

in the isolated rooms and in the distance

from rooms of storage of any kinds of production.

Bags, drums, boxes with

disinsection means stack

on a wooden flooring in a stack no more than 3,5 m high.

Storage of disinsection means

Cosmetics

Facilities that are used for the care of skin,

it is executed hair, nails, oral cavity

hygienical, medical and preventive

and aesthetic functions.

(ДСТУ 2472 -94)

Classification of cosmetics

To destination

and to structure

the hygienic

On

consistences

liquid (lotions, emulsions,

shampoos, paints,

solvents)

On

sexual and

to the age

to sign

pasty (creams, toothpastes,

body scrubs)

for women

the treatment-and-

prophylactic

the decorative

powdered (powder,

dusting powders,

tooth powders)

for men

for youth

for children

solid (compact powder,

lipsticks, deodorants)

protective( hand

cream, antisun etc.)

medical (applied by the

medical personnel)

theatrical(make-up)

General requirements to cosmetics

Constancy of quality in

flow of warranty term

Safety of all

the ingredients entering

in structure of the cosmetic

means

High degree

efficiency of action

cosmetic

Stability to the action

microorganisms

and to development

oxidizing processes

Esthetic appearance,

the corresponding art

and advertizing registration of packing

Marking consumer

packing of cosmetics

Product name

Production date (year, month)

Period of storage Standard designation

on a product

Number of tone or color

(for the products which are issued

on tones);

Name and address

enterprises of the manufacturer,

its trademark

Packing of cosmetic products

Name of

container

Material Cosmetics Corking

Jars glass, polymeric, cryolite,

metal, combined

creams fatty, hair

preparations, fat blush,

vaseline

Polymeric or metal

covers

Tubas

polymeric, aluminum,

laminatny

creams, toothpastes,

vaseline, etc.

Polymeric dispersers

Cases metal, plastic, combined lipstick, pencils for

eyebrows and eyelids,

paint for eyebrows

Dispersers from the

same materials

Boxes cardboard, plastic, metal,

combined

dental and soapy

powders, powdery

shampoos, powder

The top of box is glued

up by a paper or delays

a cellophane

Bottles glass, porcelain, polymeric liquid creams, lotions,

dental elixirs, liquid

facilities on the care of

skin and hair, nail polish

and other

Ground-in glass corks,

screw-on lids,

dispersers with a

locking cone

Cosmetic products store in pure, well ventilated warehouse with relative

humidity no more than 70% and at a temperature from 50 with to 250 C, direct

sunshine protected from action.

To the location and piling of commodity at storage next requirements are

produced:

- commodities must take place so that round them there was circulation of air and

overhead commodities did not cause spoilage of wares being below;

- - the labels of all commodities must be extrorse;

- - all commodities in jars or small bottles must take place corking up;

- - products have to be stored far from heating devices.

- Warranty period of storage of the majority of cosmetic products at which it

shouldn't be observed noticeable change of quality – 12 months from the moment

of release; powdery and compact products of decorative cosmetics, and also

decorative cosmetics on a fatty basis – 18 months, liquid and biological creams –

6 months.

Storage of cosmetic products

Leeches (Hirudinea) – class of invertebrates of animals of type of annlidess,

that is divided by 2 subclasses - old leeches and real. The body of leech is extended

(to 150 mm), dense, flat or

cylindrical, greenish, brown or black color.

2 forms are known:

Leeches medical

pharmaceutical the medical

They differ in colouringand

by the form of different lines on a body

Leeches medical, used in medical aims,

Ukraine Leech medical

Европа Bloodsucker dappled

Japan Bloodsucker

Japanese

Storage of bloodsuckers

Leeches medical keep in a clean, light apartment,

avoiding direct sunbeams at an optimal temperature

18-200 С. Indoors any smells aren't allowed.

The container has to be pure, convenient for the washing, harmless.

It is better to use 3-5 one-liter glass jars

with a wide throat or open cylindrical vessels.

For storage of bloodsuckers use pure,

defended (two days) tap water,

which change daily.

In a 3-one-liter jar place from 50 to 100 individuals.

At the disease of leeches(languor) and in hot weather water

change twice in a day.

Expiration date of bloodsuckers: before preservation of biological full value.