nationalism in india
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Moving Toward Independence
India
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After World War I
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2. The assassination on 28 June 1914 of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, the heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary, by aYugoslav nationalist in Sarajevo, Bosnia
1. Imperialism
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After World War 1
People thought thatIndia would seize the chance to ask
for independence...
India remained loyal ally of Great Britain
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DiachyParliament passed the Government of India Act
Set up a double government
India
Gained greater self-
rule in domestic
affairs
Britain
Kept control overIndia’s foreign affairs
and policyand national security
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Acts of Terror Grew
Bengal and Other provinces
Consequence:Rowlatt ActIn March, 1999, Parliament passed this
law that allowed judges to try suspected political agitators without a jury
Double Standard
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Amritsar MassacreApril 10 crowd gathered inamritsar-Capital of Punjab
Reason: To protest theRowlatt Act
There were violence but peace was restored by the British
BUT 3 days later, thousands gathered for religious festival
General Dyer ordered his troops to fire on the crowd
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General DyerHundreds of Hindus were
trapped and killed.
Parliament and the British citizens were
horrified
“He acted to make a wide impression and to discourage further riot.”
He was forced to resign
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Anamorphic illusion
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Hind SwarajIndian Home Rule
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Humpty Dumpty
Humpty Dumpty sat on a wall,Humpty Dumpty had a great fall.All the king's horses and all the king's menCouldn't put Humpty together again.
Boston Tea Party - USA
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Mohandas GandhiRowlatt Act and the Amritsar Massacre
Brought him to political area
Unlikely Heroby Western Standard
How do we measuregreatness?
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1893-1915 (South Africa)
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Satyaghara
Non-violent Resistance“SOUL FORCE”
“Injustice was to be met with justice; violence with non-violence.”
Principle:
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Hartal - Illegal Boycott
All economic activity came to a halt and the day wasdedicated to prayer and fasting.
He called for a nationwide Hartal
1. boycott offices2. refused to pay taxes
3. lay down across train tracks4. Did not fight the police...
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Destiny of India
“The destiny of India has chosen for its ally the power of
soul and not of the muscle.”
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Sentenced to jail
6 years
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Mahatma
“Great Soul”
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Gandhi’s MessageRiver of blood shed by the government
can’t frighten me, but I should
be deeply pained...if the people did so
much abuse the government for
my sake or in my name
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HOMESPUN
What are these women doing? And Why?Britain outlawed LOOMING :Thus, over a hundred people starved to death!!
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Civil Disobedience
He encouraged Indians to bring backhome/cottage industries such as spinning cotton
rather than buy from the British.
As a result:Great Britain was force to raise the tax on
salt.
and forbade Indians to process salt...
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Salt March
Gandhi and 70 of his followersbegan the 180-mile march to the sea on April, 1930.
15k Indians joined the march.
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Salt March
When he reached the ocean, Gandhi bent overand picked up a lump of
natural salt indeliberate defiance of
British Law.
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Gandhi’s Goals (General)Gandhi’s
goals:1. Equality w/t British
Later became Independence from the
British2. Hindu-Muslim unity,
thusNO division o/t country
into India for Hindus and Pakistan for Muslims
3. End to Untouchability
Gandhi’s goals:1. Equality w/t BritishLater became Independence from the British2. Hindu-Muslim unity, thusNO division o/t country into India for Hindus and
Pakistan for Muslims3. End to Untouchability
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Muslim League
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Jawaharlal Nehru
Nehru was an Indian nationalist leader and statesman who became the first prime minister of independent India in 1947.
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Political Dynasty
What are the pros and cons?
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Indira Gandhi
2nd Prime Minister of IndiaDaughter of NehruAssassinated by her Sikh bodyguards
But why my gulay?
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A Great LeaderBut what are the characteristics of a great leader?
During her term, corruption in India was rampant
Authoritarian Rule
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Voted out
1977, She and the Congress Party were voted out from office
Morarji Desai
Succeeded to the office, he’s the manIndira had jailed...
Leader of Janata Party
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Restored to power
December 1978, the Parliamentreinstate her
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Rajiv Gandhi3rd Prime Minister of IndiaSon of Indira Gandhi
Assassinated by fellow Hindus for his support of the Buddhist led gov’t of Sri Lanka?
Why naman laman?
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Why did India experience
political instability?
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Muhammad Ali Jinnah
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PakistanMuslim State
West Pakistan
East Pakistan
What could be the big
problem of Pakistan from 1946-71?
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death of M. Ali JinnahHe died a
yearafter the
founding ofPakistan
The nationsuffered a short-lived
government
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Zulfikar Ali Bhutto
In 1970, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto became the prime minister
International debt increases
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Benazir Bhutto
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Flags-former colonies of GB
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Can you correct history?
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Ganito Kami Noon, Paano na kayo ngayon?
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Ang Pipit
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Kalash Culture in N. Pakistan
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