nationalism, sectionalism, expansion, age of jackson, reform movements
TRANSCRIPT
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Nationalism, Sectionalism, Expansion, Age of Jackson, Reform Movements
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SectionalismA. ________________ Differences1. _________________ Economy a. __________________i. beginning of manufacturing ii. textile millsb. ________________ – Second BUSi. need capital to start new businessii. favored the North; loaned money
more to northern businessmenc. __________________ – farmingd. ___________________ - factoriese. Tariff of 1816 – tax on
_______________ to help businesses in US compete
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Sectionalism
2. ___________ – Agriculturea. _____________________ –
Eli Whitney (1793)i. demand for _____________ ii. demand for cotton in Britainb. __________ made
manufactured goods more ____________ for southern
businessmen/plantation owners
c. slave revolts – ________________ (1831)
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Sectionalism
3. _______ – New Frontiera. ___________________
(1803) – extended boundary to Rocky Mts.
b. BUS seen to favor _______________
businessmen over western ___________
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Sectionalism
4. Slaverya. __________________
(1820)i. Missouri – ______ state;ii. Maine – ________ stateiii. territory north of 36 30
line – ________; south of line – __________
iii. only delayed the crisis
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NationalismA. A Stronger _____________ Gov’t1. The _________________ System (1815)
– Henry Claya. plan to unite the country
__________________i. ___________ – make goods to sell in
South and Westii. ______________ – produce food,
cotton for the Northb. _____________ to protect American
goodsc. new _______________________d. Improvements in
___________________ – build roads, canals, rr’sw/ $ collected from tariffs to link country
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Nationalism2. Supreme Court Casesa. _________________________i. Maryland tried to tax branch of the ______________________ii. SC said that was
______________________; supremacy of the national gov’t over state gov’t
(“the power to tax is the power to destroy”)
b. _________________________i. _________________ gov’t can
regulate/control _________________ commerce
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Nationalism
3. Foreign Policya. ___________________i. Pres. Monroe warned ____________ countries to stay out of the _____________________; no new colonies
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Westward Expansion
_____________________• belief that the US was
supposed to extend from __________________Ocean
• First used in a newspaper article in the 1840’s
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Westward Migration
A. The Frontier1. West – north of Ohio R.2. 1775 - Daniel Boone hired
to cut new road to west3. 1787 –
____________________a. rules for establishing new __________ in territoriesb. no ______________ in Northwest Territory
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Westward Expansion
A. Reasons for Migration West1. ______________ Factorsa. _________________b. religious persecution2. ______________ Factorsa. cheap _______________b. adventureB. Trails West1. Santa Fe Trail2. _________________ Trail3. _________________ Trail
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Westward ExpansionC. Movement West1. _______________(1803)2. _______________ Treatya. ___________ - from Spain (1819)3. Oregon Territorya.
“__________________________________________”
i. slogan of supporters to annex whole territory
ii. treaty signed w/_________ for Oregon
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Westward Expansion2. Annexation of _____________a. 1830’s – more Americans than Mexicans in Texasb. 1833 – Texas Revolutioni. led by ___________________ii. 1836 – “______________________” - Jim Bowie, Davie Crockett - fort defended by Texans; taken by
Mexican Armyc. 1836 – Texas wins
______________________i. Republic of Texas led by
______________________
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Westward Expansion
d. 1845 – Texas ________________ by US
i. South saw chance to expand ____________
ii. dispute w/Mexico over ______________
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Westward Expansione. _____________________War
(1846-48)i. Pres. Polk wanted New Mexico,
California territories (_____________________)
ii. Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago (1848)- Mexico ____________ Texas to US- border set at _______________- ___________________________:
US paid for New Mexico, Cal. Territories
iii. California Gold Rush (1849)f. Gadsden Purchase (1853)i. ___________________completed
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New TechnologyA. Industrial Revolution (1789)1. ______________________a. 1793 – spinning machine
(____________________)i. first _________________(RI)b. 1793 –
_______________________, cotton gin (Whitney)
c. 1814 – factory system (Francis Lowell)
i. built factory town (MA)d. mechanical reaper (Cyrus
McCormick)e. _______________(John Deere)
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New Technology
B. Transportation1. 1807 – steamboat (Robert
Fulton)2. 1811- National Road (toll
road to west)3. 1825 – Erie Canala. link Atlantic w/Great
Lakes (Ohio River Valley)b. use Miss. River to get
west4. 1828 – Baltimore/Ohio RR
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Age of Jackson
A. Election of 18241. JQ Adams v. Jackson a. no majority in
electoral votes – election goes to ____
b. Clay supported JQ Adams
c. JQ Adams named Clay at Sec. of State
=>Corrupt Bargain
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Age of Jackson
B. Election of 1828 1. before 1828, who
could vote?2. what changed?3. Jackson wona. spoils systemi. Jackson rewarded
supporters w/gov’t jobs (Democrats)
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Age of JacksonC. __________________ Policy1. ______________________Act
(1830)a. tribes forced further west to make room for more
_______________b. ___________________(1832)i. Cherokee Nation sued to keep landii. ___________________ – ruled in
favor of Cherokeeiii. _____________ ignored rulingc. ____________________(1838)i. forced march west
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Age of JacksonD. States Rights1. Tariff of 1828 (“________________________”)a. high tariff favored ________b. upset the ___________c. VP __________________ hated the tariffi. argued states had right to __________ act of Congress (law)that they believed was_______________________=>______________________ theoryd. South Carolina talked about __________________; tariff reduced
=> ___________________________
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Age of Jackson2. ________________(Second
BUS)a. Jackson thought BUS favored _______________businessmen over ____________ farmers (giving loans)b. he ___________ bill to renew the BUSi. said money should be put in
state banks in states loyal to Democratic Party (“pet banks”)
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Age of Jackson
E. Consequences of Jackson’s policies
1. Was he a _______________or a ________________?
1. new political party formed – __________________
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Reform MovementsA. ______________ of Reform
Movement1. ______________a. Second Great Awakening (1800’s)i. anyone can gain
_______________(democratic)ii. people can improve ___________b. New Denominationsi. new Protestant churches - Baptists, Methodistsii. ____________________
- Joseph Smith, Brigham Young (Utah)
c. AME Churches
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Reform Movements
2. ____________________a. taught that a person can solve problems/find truth through_______________________b. rejected _____________
religionc. supported ___________
movementd. people naturally good;
dignity of every person
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Reform Movementse. led by ___________________________
(writer)i. pushed for a new “__________ culture” => _________________f. _________________________i. Walden - experiment in simple livingii. __________________________– ____________________ protest of
unjust laws iii. less gov’t better (like which early president? ___________________- “The government is best which
governs _________________.”
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Reform Movementsg. ____________________________i. period in art, literature w/emphasis
on emotion, natureii. ____________________________ - _____________________, natural
beauty of USiii. first “American” writers using
__________________ themes - Washington Irving (The Legend of
Sleepy Hollow) - James Fennimore Cooper (The Last
of the Mohicans) - Walt Whitman, _______________
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Reform MovementsB. _________________ of Reform1. _____________________Movementa. abstinence from _________________b. Women’s Christen Temperance Union
(1870’s)2. _____________________a. push for free public schoolsb. _____________________3. _____________________________a. improve conditions/treatmentb. _____________________4. ___________________ Communitiesa. “perfect” societiesb. _____________________c. New Harmony, INd. Shaker communities
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Reform Movements5. ________________________a. __________________ movementb. 1807 – all _____________ states __________________ slaveryc. 1808 – US slave trade stoppedd. 1822 – _____________________
movement; US colony started for ex-slaves – ______________
e. American Anti-Slavery Societyi. ____________________________ii. _________________________–
abolitionist newspaperiii. end slavery ___________iv. ________________________
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Reform Movementsf. other _______________________i. Sarah/Angelina Grimkeii. Sojourner Truthg. ____________________________i. ____________________________h. Reaction to Abolitioni. increased ________________ b/t _________________________ - slave rebellions - anti-slavery writings bannedii. _______________– most though abolition too _________________ - freed slaves would take____________________from white men iii. _______________– abolition a threat to
________________________
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Reform Movements
i. ___________________ - __________________(1852)- opened eyes in____________ to evils of______________- taken as a____________________in
the South
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Reform Movements6. _____________ Movement a. before reform – cult of
domesticityi. women in charge of ________________________b. _____________________(1848)i. meeting to discuss______________________ii. Declaration of Sentimentsiii. Lucretia Mott,________________________