native american culture groups
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Native American Culture Groups. Section 2. By the 1400s Native Americans lived Throughout all parts of the Americas. Within each of the major culture groups, Different nations shared similar ways of life - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Native American Native American Culture GroupsCulture Groups
Section 2Section 2
By the 1400s Native Americans livedThroughout all parts of the Americas.Within each of the major culture groups,Different nations shared similar ways of life
During thousands of years, Native Americans developed many different ways to get food, build homes, practice religion, and enforce laws
They spoke more than 1,000 languages.
MAIN IDEA: The earliest inhabitants of North America developed unique and thriving cultures
Compare/ContrastCompare/Contrast
Similarities Differences
Each nation had sm. Group of leader who decided for the whole group
Law enforcement
Shared common ancestory Decided leadership
No one could own land Language
Power of spirits found in nature Food, dress, home, hair
Arctic (4)Arctic (4)
The Aleuts
They lived near ocean
A lot of ice
Used boats made of whale skin over bone
Huts w/ animal fur stretched over
Used harpoons/nets to hunt whales
The Inuit
Travel inland during summer / hunt caribou
Hunter/Gatherers: clams/berries
Were not wasteful; used all parts of animals
Arctic (7)Arctic (7)The AleutsLived in houses of whale
bone, driftwood, sod and animal skin
Women sold clothing of tiny bird bones and thread made of fish parts
They ate clams, berries, seals and whale meat
Settled in the Aleutian Islands
The Inuits
Made sleds
Anything not made into food was made into clothing, weapons, fuel.
Lived in skin tents and sod houses
Arctic (8)Arctic (8)
The AleutsCold Winters / Short
summers
Trap animals: Squnk, apasaum, chitmunk
Berries and clams
Homes made of drift wood, whale bone and sod
Boats made of whale skin
The Inuits
Sub-arctic (4)Sub-arctic (4)
• Cold climate
• Hunted caribou, deer and moose
• Lived near forests and lakes
• Used sod, wood, animals skins to build homes
Sub-arctic (7)Sub-arctic (7)
• Hunter-Gatherers
• Hunted moose, deer, beaver and rabbit
• Caribou most important source of meat
• Houses made from wood and sod
• Adapt to cold winters and short summers
• Land covered with forests and lakes
Sub-arctic (8)Sub-arctic (8)
• Land covered in forest and lakes
• Like the arctic cold winters/short summers
• Bordered Alaska and Canada
• Hunted fish and gather food; most important food was caribou, but hunted moose, beaver and deer
• Homes made from sod and other mtls.
The Northwest Coast (4)The Northwest Coast (4)• Lived in misty forested coasts teeming w/
animals, sea and plants
• They made totem poles
• Villages near oceans and rivers
• Ate salmon, otters, seals, bears and moose
• Large canoes that hold 50 people or more made from redwood
• Lived near ocean and rivers
• Large houses made of wood
• Ate salmon, otters, seals, bears and moose
• Misty forest coast
• Traveled by canoes that could hold up to 50 people
The Northwest Coast (7)The Northwest Coast (7)
• Near oceans and rivers• Salmon was a large part of their diet• Wood used to make large homes• Wood used to make weaving baskets• Wood carved to make totem poles• Canoes made to fit 50 people• Area teemed with animals and plant life• Misty forests
The Northwest Coast (8)The Northwest Coast (8)
California (4)California (4)• Mild climate
• Plentiful resources
• Lived near the sea to catch fish
• Seafood, wild plants and acorn meal (mush)
• Used canoes traveling miles out to sea
• Lived along the Pacific coast
• A lot of forests
• Caught small forest game; ate seafood; collected acorns made into a meal
• Took long canoes out to fish
• Used harpoons and nets made from stone and grass
California (7)California (7)
• Southern Pacific coast
• Climate was mild
• Coast was large
• Ate small forest game, acorns, shellfish and regular fish
• Art was simple harpoons, nets made from grass weighted w/ stones
• Traveled by canoe
California (8)California (8)
The Plateau (4)The Plateau (4)
The Plateau (7)The Plateau (7)• Bordered the Cascade and Rocky mountains• Ate salmon, roots, bulbs and berries• East of the NW coast• Land of many rivers that were used as trade
routes• Cold winters/warm summers• Lived underground during winter to keep warm• Lived in wooden frames covered with mats
during the summer
• Underground homes used in the winter and wooden frames covered with mats in the summer.
• Surrounded by mountain with lots of rivers
• Cool, arid climate
• Ate fish (salmon), roots, bulbs, berries
• Canoes used in the rivers
The Plateau (8)The Plateau (8)
The Great Basin (4)The Great Basin (4)
• Dry desert area w/ high temps
• Only plants were evergreens in surrounding mtns.
• Ate seeds, berries and roots, snakes, insects, and rodents
• People called diggers
• Was home Shoshone, Paiute, Utes
The Great Basin (7)The Great Basin (7)
The Great Basin (8)The Great Basin (8)
• Surroundings were mountainous and warm/dry
• Dug for most of their food: snakes, rodents, insects and small berries, seeds
• Food was scarce which contributed to a low population
• Main transportation was walking
The Southwest (4)The Southwest (4)
• Farmers and Hunter/Gatherers
• Grew corn, squash, beans and tobacco
• Corn was ground into bread and flat cakes
• Most lived in pueblos
• Land was dry so they built irrigation canals
• Roamed mtns and deserts hunting
• Raided villages and deserts for food
The Southwest (7)The Southwest (7)
The Southwest (8)The Southwest (8)
• Lived on cliffs
• Dry land/warm climate
• Ate corn, squash, bean and berries
• Lived in pueblos (villages)
• Main form of transportation was walking
• Roamed mtns / deserts and raided villages
The Plains (4)The Plains (4)
• Stretched west from the Mississippi River to Rocky mtns
The Plains (7)The Plains (7)
The Plains (8)The Plains (8)• Surrounded by the Mississippi River,
Rocky Mtns and treeless grasslands
• Grew corn, squash, beans, sunflowers and tobacco; ate buffalo
• Homes were teepee made from buffalo hides
• Used bones for tools
• Traveled on foot and horses
The Northeast Woodlands (8)The Northeast Woodlands (8)
The Great Basin (7)The Great Basin (7)
The Southeast (4)The Southeast (4)
The Southeast (8)The Southeast (8)
The Southeast (7)The Southeast (7)
ReviewReview
• Vocabulary (next slide)
• What beliefs about land and nature did most Native Americans share?
• Think about one of the ten Native American culture areas. Think about the area’s physical environment. Draw a scene that shows that environment.
VocabularyVocabulary
Define the following:
• Shaman
• Totem pole
• Potlatch
• Tepee
• Iroquois League