Native Native AmericansAmericans

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A. Background Information

1000’s of tribes lived throughout America

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Native Americans lived off the land and taught the first Americans how to survive

through hunting and farming

B. The Indian Removal Act

1. Jackson wanted to open Indian land up for settlement

2. Under pressure Congress passed the Indian Removal Act

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3. This authorized moving Native Americans East of the Mississippi to west of the Mississippi

4.The Bureau of Indian Affairs was created to manage this

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C. The Choctaw

1. The Choctaw were the first tribe to move

2. Mississippi forced them to sign the Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek – giving 7.5 million acres of their land up

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3. Moved during the winter the government did not provide enough supplies

4. ¼ of the tribe died

5. Hearing this other tribes tried to resist

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D. Cherokee Resistance

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1. The Cherokee adapt

a. Thinking they could avoid conflict they adopted white culture

b. Created a government similar to the US

c. Children were taught English

d. Sequoya created an alphabet for the Cherokee language

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2. Gold was discovered on Cherokee land in Georgia

3. Georgia tried to push the

Cherokee out

3. Worchester v. Georgia

• The Cherokee claimed they had a treaty with US government so they could not be pushed out by Georgia

•The Cherokee filed a lawsuit that went all the way to the Supreme Court

•The Supreme Court sided with the Cherokee

4. Andrew Jackson refused to honor the decision made by the court

5. Federal troops were sent in to remove the Cherokee instead of

protecting them

6. Trail of Tears – An 800 mile march which resulted in the

death of ¼ of the tribe.

1. The Fox and Sauk

1. Led by Black Hawk the tried to fight

2. After they ran out of food and supplies they were removed http://jamesayers.com/2010/08/01/keokuk-sac-and-fox-chief/

2. The Seminoles

1. Leadership was forced to sign a treaty followers ignored it

2. Osceola led his people to resist by force – he was captured and died in prison

3. 4,000 were moved but officials gave up, some descendants still live their

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