natural and human – induced environmental stress natural environmental stress catastrophic - e.g....
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Natural and Human – Induced Environmental Stress
Natural Environmental StressNatural Environmental Stress
• Catastrophic - e.g. droughts and floods
• Gradual - e.g disease
Human-Induced StressHuman-Induced Stress
• Catastrophic - e.g. deforestation, urbanisation
• Gradual - e.g overfishing
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Human Threats to Biodiversity
1. Species introductions: wipe out endemic flora and fauna by preying on them or competing for food and space, thus affecting the food chain (trophic levels).
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2. Habitat Destruction: now the major threat to biodiversity. Areas are converted to human use (technosphere).
• Involves outright loss of used by species to degradation and fragmentation where native species are deprived of food, shelter and breeding areas and are squeezed onto smaller amounts of land.
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3. Hunting: can lead to uncontrolled exploitation of and trade of wildlife. It can decimate species. Once again, this affects trophic levels and food chains/webs. E.g. overfishing – Blue Fin Tuna in the Southern Ocean. In 2009, Australia’s quota was reduced by 30%.
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4. Pollution: is a major threat to aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. e.g. Mexico City and air pollution. It is city surrounded by mountains and as a result, traps in air pollution. It has a population of over 26 million people. One management strategy has been to introduce car number plate and colour days.
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Natural Stress
• Read the case study on p25 – Mt St. Helens (an example of natural stress)
• Answer the question at the bottom of the page
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Human-Induced Stress
• Read the case study on p 27 ( Great Barrier Reef)
• Answer questions (2) a,b,c p28.
• Answer questions (1) a,b,c,d. p28
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Greenhouse gas emissions leading to coral bleaching and destruction