natural pigment

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CTS0204 ISSUES IN CREATIVE TEACHING IN SCIENCE NAME : LEONG CHEANG YENG IC NUMBER : 820725-07-5266 1

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Page 1: Natural Pigment

CTS0204

ISSUES IN CREATIVE TEACHING IN SCIENCE

NAME : LEONG CHEANG YENG

IC NUMBER : 820725-07-5266

COURSE : KDP14M31

CREATIVE TEACHING IN SCIENCE ( SR )

LECTURER : PN. MAGESWARY A/P KARPUDEWAN

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Page 2: Natural Pigment

Natural pigment

  

The definition of natural pigment

A pigment is the material that changes the color of light it reflects as the result of

selective color absorption. This physical process differs from fluorescence,

phosphorescence, and other forms of luminescence, in which the material itself emits

light.

Natural edible pigment is derived from natural resources such as natural plant roots,

stems, leaves, flowers, fruits and animals, microorganisms such as edible

pigment, food coloring, is a mixture of many different components. As the wide variety

of sources, composition complex variety of natural pigments.

In biology, a pigment is any colored material of plant or animal cells. Many biological

structures, such as skin, eyes, fur and hair contain pigments (such as melanin) in

specialized cells called chromatophores. Many conditions affect the levels or nature of

pigments in plant, animal, some protista, or fungus cells. For instance, Albinism is a

disorder affecting the level of melanin production in animals.

Pigment color differs from structural color in that it is the same for all viewing angles,

whereas structural color is the result of selective reflection or iridescence, usually

because of multilayer structures.

According to extraction methods, the natural pigment can be divided into four main

categories: namely, plant and animal body formed by the juice or liquid solvent

extraction or solid color; body of animal and plant dry powder obtained by grinding

pigment; by microbial fermentation , metabolites separated into liquid or powder for

further processing of the pigment; using natural products as raw material, obtained by

the enzyme and the pigment.

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A source of natural pigment

Generally derived from the natural pigment components such as the Red Beet ,

Grape and Pepper of these foods has been the recognition and acceptance of

consumers, therefore, use of these food sources of natural pigments to be better

consumers, better and safer to use. Most come from plant pigments.

  The characteristics of plant pigments

The vast majority of plant pigment without side effects, high security. Most of the

anthocyanin class of plant pigments, carotenoids, flavonoids compounds, are a

class of bioactive substances, is herbal and health food products in the functional

active ingredients. In view of plant pigments as a coloring additive used in food,

medicine and cosmetics, with capacity of less than the amount of medical and

health care products effect the ratio. In the health food applications, this type of

plant pigment respectively to play in strengthening the body's immune function,

anti-oxidation, reducing blood lipids and other auxiliary role; in ordinary foods, so

can play an enhanced role in support of nutrition and anti-oxidation.

  The application of natural pigments

In the development and application of natural pigments, the China's natural food

coloring product times the output of caramel largest annual output accounting for

about 86% of natural food pigments, mainly for the domestic brewing industry and

beverage industry. Followed by the red yeast red, sorghum red, gardenia yellow,

radish red, sodium copper chlorophyll, carotene, cocoa shell color, turmeric, etc.,

mainly used in the preparation of wine, sweets, cooked meat products, jelly, ice

cream, artificial crab meat and other foods. With the further improvement of living

standards of our people and return to nature, eating all-natural based products

will become the mainstream of food consumption in the future, the domestic food

industry demand for natural food coloring will continue to grow and will also open

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up the natural pigment in the pharmaceutical , Japan and so on in the broader

fields of application.

  Natural pigment in the textile industry

In addition to the natural pigment widely used in the food industry, the textile,

apparel, home textiles industry has been widely used as natural dyes, but not all

pigments can be used as dye. Textiles need washing, friction fastness, fastness,

light fastness there are more requests. However, as a natural plant extract the

pigment dye to follow the trend of the times.

water

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  The types of food coloring

According to their sources of food coloring can be divided into two main categories:

(1) natural pigment;

(2) synthesis of pigment.

China's approval of allowing the use of natural pigments for food, 48 species, including

natural β-carotene, beet red, turmeric, safflower yellow, more orange-red lac red, chili

red, orange pepper, caramel color (without ammonia production ), caramel color

production of caramel color (plus ammonia production), red rice red, yellow

chrysanthemum extract, black beans red, sorghum red, corn yellow, red radish; cocoa

shell color, red yeast rice, red yeast red, Basella alba red, Black Galen Red, Gardenia

yellow, Gardenia blue, sea buckthorn yellow, rose tomato red, acorn-shell brown, NP

Hung, multi-Hui Ke brown, red mulberry, natural mustard red, Rosa laevigata brown;

curcumin, peanuts Agricultural red, grape skin red; Lan spindles fruit red; algae blue,

plant carbon black, Buddleia yellow, Lithospermum red; Tea yellow pigment: Tea green

pigment, citrus yellow, marriage Annatto (Redwood Su / Su-down rosewood) Cochineal

red, iron oxide (black) and so on. These natural pigments from plants, microorganisms

or animals to use physical methods to extract the edible parts of crafted, in that 48

varieties of natural pigments, at present China's major production, use and export of 40

kinds of products, including caramel, chili red, β-carotene, sodium copper chlorophyll,

sorghum red, red yeast rice and so on.

Paprika Oleoresin(Chilli Red Color):

Origin:High-quality chilli

Appearance:Dark-red oil liquid

Processing:A kind of natural pigment prepared by the extration

of chillis

Description:It is a kind of dark-red colourful oil liquid,a fine food

colour with good mobility.It is light-resistant,hot-resistant,acid-

resistant,alkali-resitant and will not be affected by metal ion.It

will be soluble it is qualified for the internation standard of 5

Page 6: Natural Pigment

FAO/WHO and GB10783-1996

Component:Capsanthin and Capsorubin

Using Mode:It is widely used for the colour of instant

noodles,aquatic products,meat ,cake,salad ,etc

Chilli Extract:

Origin:High-quality chilli

Appearance:Dark-red oil liquid

Processing:It is prepared and extracted from the high-

qualitied chillies with the scientific technology

Description:A kind of dark-red colourful oil liquid,a fine

food colour with good mobility.It is light-resistant,hot-

resistant,acid-resistant,alkali-resistant and will not be

affected by metal ion,is will be soluble in oil and ethanol.

It is qualified for the internation standard of FAO/WHO and

GB10783-1996

Component:Capsanthin and Capsorubin

Using Mode:It can be used as food colour and food

seasonings ,and also the raw material of Paprika

Oleoresin(Red chilli color)

Supercritical Paprika Oleoresin:

Origin:High-quality chilli

Appearance:Dark-red oil liquid

Processing:Use the supercritical CO2 technology to

refine the Paprika Oleoresin(Red Chilli Color)

Description:The product use the the supercritical CO2

technology to refine the Paprika ,the quality has

increased greatly ,has the features of high purity,low

dissoluble leftover,low metal ion,less impurity and not

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spicy.The usage value has been increased greatly

it is qualified for the internation standard of FAO/WHO

and GB10783-1996

Component:Capsanthin and Capsorubin

Using Mode:It is widely used for the colour of instant

noodles,aquatic products,meat ,cake,salad ,etc

Capsicum Oleoresin:

Origin:High-quality chilli

Appearance:Dark-red oil liquid

Processing:A kind of natural pigment prepared by the

extraction of chillies

Description:It is a kind of dark-red viscous liquid with pure

and very hot taste.It is light-resistant,hot-resistant,acid-

resistant,alkali-resistant and will not be affected by metal

ion.It will be soluble in oil and ethanol.

It is qualified for the internation standard of FAO/WHO

and GB10783-1996

Component:Its efficient components are

capsaicin,protein,amino acid and suger.It also contains

some Paprika Oleoresin (Red chilli color)

Using Mode:It is widely use as the seasoning for all kinds

of hot food or raw materials at food plants,or used directly

for cooking in restaurant ,dinning-room or familiy.

Marigold Oleoresin:

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Origin:Marigold Oleoresin

Appearance:Dark-brown oil cream

Processing:Prepared by the extraction of marigold

pellets by scientific method

Description:Soluble in oil and ethanol but in water,Light-

resistant,hot-resistant,alkali-resistant

Component:Xanthophylls

Usage:Widely used in various kinds of fodder

Perilla Color:

Origin:Perilla leaves

Appearance:Dark-red liquid

Processing:It is prepared by extraction of natural plant-

perilla leaves

Description:It is a kind of water soluble natural pigment

which is steady under the acid condition.In solution of

PH=2-3,it is purple-red and very colourful

It is qualified for the internation standard of FAO/WHO

and GB10783-1996

Using Mode:It is widely use as colour in

fodddr,pastries ,candy,tin,drink and dairy products

Red Cabbage Color:

Red Cabbage Color is also called red cabbage

pigment, for short red cabbage, colorful cabbage, it is a

solid and liquid water-soluble pigment adopting purple-ball

cabbage (a kind of vegetable), extracting the purple

pigment on the surface of the cabbage with scientific

knowledge, with separation and refining. Because the

product presents different colors in different PH solution,

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Page 9: Natural Pigment

heat and light resistant, so it is widely used in the tinting of

drinks, candy, can and dairy products.

  - Yangtze University, Department of Animal Science Xu resist the United States

We can imagine that the plant flowers if there is no pigment, the bees will be

difficult to find, but cannot be pollination, plants cannot reproduce. Animals, too, a

few million years, Nature of these animals are ultimately derived from edible

plants, natural pigment, and constantly evolving, these natural pigments gave

them a bright color, abundant strength, and lasting vitality to enable them to

produce offspring until now, while the All of these carotenoid pigments in the feed

processing would be oxidized away. This is the artificial breeding animals and

wild animals, one of the most fundamental difference between "a serious lack of

natural pigment."

Affect food factor in the use of natural pigments

When people use natural pigments, you must consider the following factors, as a

chosen reference:

The color of needs: it may require a mix of two or more kinds of pigments, in

order to meet the color requirements.

when the kinds of foods in selling, whether it can meet the country's regulatory

laws.

The physical form needs: In general, the cost of liquid natural pigment powder

were lower than that.

food ingredients: The main consideration fat or protein content and the presence

of tannin, the former concerned with the solubility of natural pigments; the latter

exist, would limit the use of anthocyanins; but also determines the product is

clear and transparent, or was cloudy.

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Page 10: Natural Pigment

processing conditions: the principal consideration for the heating temperature

and time.

pH: The pH of food can affect the stability of pigment, so you can determine the

choice of pigment type and color rendering.

Packaging: Packaging oxygen permeability and light transmittance can affect the

stability of natural pigments, which could also affect people's choice of natural

pigments.

product sales life and storage conditions.

The uses of natural pigment in Malaysia

Nail Dyes

Henna nails flush. Henna is a plant whose leaves are used as nail rouge.

Henna

Little flowers most fragrant at night. Henna leaves are dried and processed into coloring nails in hands and feet of the wedding dinner-indigenous people who practice the nail dyes including Indians and the Malays.

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Henna Chicken

The flowers may be replaced on the henna for coloring nails.

Red henna

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Traditional Blacken Hair With Papaya Seed

You have problems with the hair? like the hair a little flushed from the sun and faded

because of time to eat you can try the following recipe:

Material:

Handful of papaya seeds. This papaya seeds contain a glycosides cacirindan karpain

known to blacken the hair.

How to make:

Papaya seeds dry roasted, then mashed until smooth,

After that squeeze and strain.

We will give a little water is used, then apply to the hair while massage.

Leave to dry, then wash your hair.

Using Natural Herbs to Color Products

Adding color to the natural products can enhance their appearance, and the user's

overall perception of the experience. While there are several ingredients available to

color or dye skin care products, none are as natural as unquestionably Tinting Herbs.

Many natural pigments plants release when they are infused into oil or water. These

infusions can be added to the oil or water portions of your formulas, yielding a range of

lovely earth toned colors.

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To create an infusion, simply warm your or oil, place herbs

into the liquid, and Steep for 20 to 40 minutes. After the infusion has taken place, the

patch must be strained from the liquid. You can use a Cheese Cloth or a Fine Mesh

Strainer to strain the plant material from the liquid. Alternatively, you can avoid the mess

by placing the herbs into a Large Tea Bag or a Large Mesh Tea Ball. The colored oil or

water can be added drop by drop to your formulas or it can be substituted for a portion

of the water or oil called for in a recipe.

Experimentation is the best way to find your favorite shades of color. While these herbs

are likely to repeat a shade in different formulas, they may about them differently in

unique oils or liquids. To give you some ideas, I've listed a few of the most popular

Tinting Herbs with the colors they are most likely to produce:

Alkanet Root Powder - Dark Red to Purple

Annatto Seed - Orange

Henna Leaf Powder - Orange

Paprika Powder - Orange

Parsley Powder - Green

Red Sandalwood Powder - Maroon to Purple

Turmeric powder – Yellow

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How to Make Natural Food Coloring

Leaf Suji (Pleomale angustifolia) is widely used as a

green dye in the food, traditional cakes and drinks

such as green dye on ice cendol. Suji leaves are

shrubs that can reach 8 feet tall. This plant is often

used as a dye plant gives green decoration. Suji

leaves also provide a unique scent. In the usage,

Suji leaves are often mixed with the aroma of

pandan leaves for food, cake and beverages

produced more fragrant. How to squeeze the liquid

usage Suji leaves added to the cake or food

ingredients desired.

Here's a recipe for making leaf coloring Suji.

Leaf Green dyes Suji

Material:

Suji Leaf wash 40 pieces

Wash pandan leaves 3 pieces

150 ml of water

¼ tsp water whiting.

How to Make:

Cut into pieces or thinly sliced Suji leaves and pandan leaves. Mash or blend by adding

water and lime water mixture leaves sirih. Pour Suji mashed into a fine sieve or

perforated gauze. Squeeze the water and set aside the dregs. Suji leaf coloring is ready

for use as needed.

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Bibliography www.wanfangdata.com.cn/NSTLQK_NSTL_QK4229452.aspx

http://www.klipingku.com/2008/09/cara-tradisional-menghitamkan-rambut-dengan-biji-

pepaya/

www.alibaba.com/showroom/ Natural _ Pigment .html

encyclopedia.farlex.com/ Natural + pigment

baike.baidu.com/view/363333.htm

www.qd-np.com/

http://www.naturalbeautyworkshop.com/my_weblog/2008/03/using-natural-h.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pigment

http://www.bahasa-malaysia-simple-fun.com/henna-flower-bm.html

 

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