naturally optimized human antibodiescontent.stockpr.com/omniab/db/252/746/file/omniab.pdf• sd vs...

48
Naturally optimized human antibodies®

Upload: others

Post on 27-Jun-2020

3 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Naturally optimized human antibodies®

2

Industry‐leading platforms for hmAb discovery

– Patented technology with freedom‐to‐operate– Engineering of custom animals

VH

CH3

CH2

hinge

VL

VH C

CH1

CH2

CH3

hinge

25

Partners23 partners– 17 with unlimited access for milestones and/or royalties– Three fully paid up LLC-style– One academic, anti-PD-1 for China and OmniFlic for CART

Strategic partners– Three animal breeders and knock-out providers– Four CROs - US, Europe and Japan

Animals

5

Platform development

Inactivation of endogenous rat Ig genes– Heavy chain J‐locus– Light chain Cκ– Light chain Cλ

Recombinant immunoglobulin loci– Kappa light chain– Lambda light chain– Heavy chain

Improved genetic engineering based on proven technology

6

Novel and proprietary knockout technology

Sangamo Zn‐finger technology– Exclusive license for Rat Ig knockout

Zn‐finger nuclease– One cut per genome– DSB repair– Mutation

Inactivation of rat antibody expression

Target sequence (exon of coding gene)

Non Homologous End‐Joining(NHEJ)

deletion insertion

Gene Disruption

DSB

7

Targeted mutagenesis in rats using ZFNs

X

One‐cell embryo

Extract DNA to look for ZFN activity

ZFN1/ZFN2

Transfer to pseudopregnant females

Newborns

8

Science publication (Vol. 325, July 24, 2009)

9

Knockout paper

10

OmniRat/OmniFlic/UniRat

New KO Technology–Heavy chain J‐locus deletion–Kappa light chain mutation–Lambda constant region deletion 

Rat antibody expression 100% inactivated

11

Improved genetic engineering

AbgenixMedarexHematechKirinTherapeutic Human Polyclonals (THP)

Old, suboptimal New, improved

Suboptimal BCR signaling Normal BCR signaling

RegeneronKyMabOMT

12

Transgenic immunoglobulin lociRepresenting the human V(D)J repertoire

m‐RNA   Human Antibody

Human LC locus

VL……………   VL1 J         Ck +

VJ C

VH………VH1 D            J     E Cm Cd C2b   E   A

Easy

Conversion

Heavy chain locus

13

Rat and mouse transgenesis

X

One‐cell embryo

Microinject DNA construct

Implant in hormone‐treated female

Transgenic offspring

14

OmniRat and OmniMouseFunctional recombinant immunoglobulin loci– Productive rearrangement of all functional human VH, DH, JH and VL, JL– Normal human frequencies of V‐, D‐, J‐gene usage– Normal human CDR3 length

Normal B‐cell developmentHigh expression of human antibodiesNormal hypermutation and affinity maturation

• Sprague Dawley• Brown Norway• Lewis

• B6/SJL

Antibodies

16

ImmunizationStandard (every 3‐4 weeks +/‐ adjuvant)Rapid (2x/week for 4 weeks)Rapid (1x at base of the tail)DNA prime/protein boostCell prime/DNA boostAddition of T‐cell epitope

• Sprague Dawley• Brown Norway• Lewis

• B6/SJL

17

Two species = more antibodies = better epitope coverage

Different antibody titers– Different immune response genes

• SD vs BN vs LEW  vs Mouse Bl6/SJL

– Human an gen  ≠ rat an gen ≠ mouse an gen– Different V‐genes (human vs rat vs mouse)

• Blocking Antibodies: OmniMouse vs OmniRat vs Mouse vs Rat

– Isotype Switching• Increased IgM+/decreased IgG+ B‐cells in OmniRat• Mouse vs Rat Fc

RatMouse

Epitope coverage

Gene Human/Mouse Human/Rat Mouse/RatCD30* 54.0% 50.1% 83.4%CD22* 58.7% 56.9% 77.7%CD14 63.7% 61.3% 80.9%CD80 39.2% 43.4% 63.4%CD52 36.1% 41.0% 64.9%

IL‐1 beta 64.7% 63.8% 86.9%

18

Anti‐ß gal response in OmniRat & OmniMouse

OmniMouse

OmniRat

19

Kinetics and epitope binning of anti‐PG mAbs

20

Hybridoma generationOMT rats make antibodies as well as normal rats

Animal Antigen Cells* fusions titer hybrids IgGs** Kd***

SD PG LN 1 38400 3520 38 0.3‐1.0 nM

OmniRat PG LN 1 12800 1600 148 0.7‐2.4 nM

OmniRat hGHR LN 3 4800 704‐1024 18, 3, 2 ND

SD TAU/KLH LN 1 20000 1728 99# 0.6‐2.4 nM

OmniRat TAU/KLH LN 1 4800 1880 118# 0.5‐3.2 nM

SD HEL LN 1 12800 1564 26 0.02‐0.1 nM

OmniRat HEL LN 3 25600 288‐640 0, 2, 7 0.6‐1.5 nM

SD OVA LN 1 9600 1488 10 1.1‐4.8 nM

OmniRat OVA LN 4 8000 512‐2240 0, 30, 0, 1 0.7‐1.5 nM

5 different antigens

Single immunization on day 0Lymph node fusion on day 21

16 fusions

Similar titers

Similar # of hybridomas

502 mAbs confirmed by Biacore

5 highest affinity Abs

21

Journal of Immunology 2013

22

9% 63% 41% 23% 10% 20%

23

24

25

High number of unique binders

Target Homology human/rat

# screened clones

# binders # unique binders

1 99% 7896 511 1752 98% 6768 337 1303 67% 2880 297 49

26

Good diversity against conserved targets

20 IGHV, 11 IGKV, and 12 IGLV different germ lines isolated from 3 screening campaigns

Some V genes are specific to one target selection

27

OmniRat vs phage display antibody binding

Target 1

* Estimated affinities

Target 2

Target 3

KD*= 1.9 nM

OMT‐A1

KD= 2.3 nM

KD= 15 nM KD= 0.01 nM

OMT‐C2

KD*= 0.001 nM KD*= 0.02 nM

OMT‐B1

OMT‐C3

KD= 7 nM

OMT‐C4

KD*= 4 nM

OMT‐C1

KD= 0.07 nM

KD*= 0.13 nM

OMT‐B2

KD= 0.33 nM

OMT‐B3

OMT‐A2

KD= 219 nM

Phage display‐derived IgG

OmniRat‐derived IgG

28

DNA immunization 

MONOCLONALPOLYCLONAL

Polyclonal sera (8 weeks)  Monoclonal antibodies(4 months)

No need for isolated protein or peptide during the process or for screening

Start from electronic cDNA sequences

Cloning of human CEACAM5 cDNA into our specially designed 

vectors

cDNA immunisation (GENOVAC Antibody Technology®) of OmniRats™ and 

Wistar Rats. Immune response against the 

native antigen

Fusion and hybridoma generation

Screening and subcloning

Serum and supernatant test on native protein. Cross‐reactivity tests.

29

Receptor protein complex

Immune serum (1:1000 dilution) of a representatative animal is tested on 

mammalian cells transfected with the cDNA encoding for the target antigen 

(green curves) or with an irrelevant construct (red curves)

Three fusions with 7 immunized animals– 505 positive hits out of 960 tested samples (53%)– 1122 positive hits out of 1632 tested samples (69%)– 792 positive hits out of 864 tested samples (69%)

30

GPCR

Immune serum (1:1000 dilution) of a representatative animal is tested on 

mammalian cells transfected with the cDNA encoding for the target antigen 

(human = green curves, mouse = blue), on a stable cell line, or with an irrelevant 

construct (red curves)

Parallel immunization with KO mice unsuccessful

Three fusions with 10 immunized animals– 11 positive hits out of 1824 tested samples (0.6%)– 34 positive hits out of 1920 tested samples (1.8%)– 2 positive hits out of 1920 tested samples (0.1%)

31

Anti‐CD3 (human and cyno)

32

33

34

35

36

Transgenic animals for hmAb discovery

Fixed L‐chain IgG antibodies

OmniFlic with rearranged human  L‐chain expressed with any (human) IgH locus

37

OmniFlic anti‐PDL‐1

38

Immune response – cellular perspectiveMultiple injections, 5‐6 week immunization time course Harvest cells from lymph nodes

Millions of naïveB cells in circulation

Affinity maturation in GCs of LNs• ~2M total B cells per LN• ~20K ag‐specific B cells per LN (1%)• ~200 ag‐specific CDR3 families per animal (based on GC model of normal rodent)

Plasma or memory cell differentiation

Our analysis is focused onLN‐derived B‐cells

39

OmniDeep™ sequence‐based discovery

Platform is a unique combination of– Antibody repertoire deep sequencing– Custom bioinformatics analysis– High‐throughput vector assembly– Recombinant expression and screening

40

OmniDeep screening strategy– Primary screen: All prominent CDR3 sequence families (ELISA, affinity, functional)– Secondary screen: Complete lineages of primary hits (affinity, functional)

Primary Screen:100‐400 diverse CDR3 sequences

Guided by lineage rank analysis

SecondaryScreen:50‐300 unique sequences per lineage

Includes rare sequences in lineages of interest

hit

hit

41

6 OmniFlic rats,injected with PDL1

6 OmniFlic rats,injected with PDL1

LN tissue from 2 legs X 2 tech reps of each = 4 total samples per rat

Deep sequencing and analysis done on each sample

Candidates expressed as fully human IgG with fixed light chain

Example: PDL1 antibody discovery in OmniFlic

42

1 2 3 4 5 6

PDL1 OmniFlic Rats

Eac

h ro

w is

a u

niqu

e C

DR

3 fa

mily

Each column is an independent sample

Heat map key:Red= highest frequency sequenceBlue= lowest frequency sequence

Antibody repertoire lineage rank analysis

43

Selection of antibodies for primary screenHigh‐frequency sequences chosen from 2 categories– CDR3 families found in multiple rats – CDR3 families found in individual rats

234 total heavy chain sequences – 106 unique CDR3 sequence families

Expressed as fully human IgG with fixed LC in HEK cells

ELISA screen

44

Primary screen: PDL1 ELISA binding & affinity

– Each row is a unique VH sequence expressed as IgG with fixed LC

– 127 of 234 total abs positive by ELISA– 62 of 106 unique CDR3 families positive by ELISA– 1.3 nM highest affinity– 2 different CDR3 sequences with ligand‐blocking activity in cell‐based assay

Red= strong bindingBlue= negative binding

45

PDL1 ligand‐blocking sequence families

Primary Screen– Identified 2 antigen‐specific antibody families with ligand blocking activity

Secondary Screen– Identify family members with higher affinity and fewer sequence liabilities

Primary Screen Secondary Screen

46

affinity (nM) CDR seq liability1.31.32.2 met,nglyc2.7 met4.0 met5.0 nglyc6.36.87.88.08.28.4 nglyc9.0 nglyc

10.0 deam,met13.7 met,nglyc13.714.4 met from primary screen16.118.421.923.225.4 deam29.038.548.249.0 from primary screen49.553.7 nglyc79.5

PDL1 ligand‐blocking family #1

47

PDL1 ligand‐blocking family #2affinity (nM) CDR seq liability

4.4 isom,cys4.9 isom from primary screen5.9 isom6.1 isom6.3 isom6.9 isom6.9 isom7.8 isom,cys8.0 isom

10.1 isom11.3 isom11.8 isom,cys12.3 isom17.5 nglyc20.6 deam,isom23.5 isom61.4 isom62.8 isom67.0 deam,isom82.0 deam,isom92.0 isom

870.0 deam,isom980.0 isom

1665.0 deam,isom1750.0 deam,isom1920.0 deam,isom2480.0 deam,isom2670.0 deam,isom2710.0 deam,isom

48

Best antibodies for the most difficult targets