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General Psychology

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Nature and

Approaches toIntelligence

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Objectives

 The students should be able to identify thedierent approaches to intelligence.

Learn what is intelligence according todierent psychologists.

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A. Nature and Approaches toIntelligence

Psychologists dene intelligence in many diereways. f you really thin! about it" who do we act

consider intelligent# $lbert %instein" perhaps" buare painters" writers" actors and actresses" anddancers. &an we consider people who e'cel at sas intelligent# Psychologists have attempted matimes to come up with at least a simple denitio

can ma!e even a minority to agree" but to no avalthough one thing is for sure ) intelligence is about cognitive processes *that is" problem solvthe use of higher)order mental processes" andmemory+.

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,ierent $pproaches tontelligence

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-pearmans g) factor theory

/e noted that all mental ability test are positively associatedcorrelated.

ntelligence comprised of 0 factors 1g2 and 1s2.

 This theory is also !nown as two factor theory of intelligence.

G

-)3

-)0-)4

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 Thurstones theory of intelligence

5erbal &omprehension

6ord 7uency

Perceptual speed

8emory

9umerical ability

-patial $bility

:easoning

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;luid and crystalli>" :aymond ?. &attell and @ohn/orn developed the Fluid andCrystallized ntelligence theory. Thatis" ntelligence consists of two parts"

 The 7uid is the biological aspect ofintelligence and it is measured bycalculating the speed of reasoningand memory capacity. $lso" it isincreased into adulthood and

decreased with aging.

 The crystalli

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Gardners 8ultiple)factor Theory

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:obert -trenbergs *4=BC+ Triarchic Theory

states that intelligence can be divided intothree ways of gathering and processinginformation. These are D

4. $nalytical or logical thin!ing s!ills which aremeasured by traditional intelligence tests

0. Problem)solving s!ills which need creative

thin!ing

3. Practical thin!ing s!ills which help in theadjustment process of the individual.

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 Than! EouF

Presented ?y D @ulius :obert &. @avier

  ?-&p% 0)4 *?-8% 4)3+