NATURE VS NURTURE AND HUMAN DIVERSITY

Chapter 4

2

How can heritability and the effects of environment be studied?Twin and Adoption Studies

3

Separated Twins

http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=15629096

4

Biological Versus Adoptive Relatives

What is affected by genes (nature)?

6

What is affected by parenting (nurture)?

Heritability

How much of the differences between people can be explained by genetics

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Gene-Environment Interaction

Cultural influences

Cultural Influences

Individualist versus Collectivist Societies

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Gender Similarities

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Gender Differences

•Biology•Sexuality•Physical Aggression•Social Power•Social Connectedness

Review

Adoptive parents are least likely to influence the ________ of their adopted children.

A. personality traits

B. religious beliefs

C. political attitudes

D. moral values

Review

If a culture emphasizes personal goals and individual achievements, it is mostly likely a(n) ________ culture.

A. interdependent

B. individualist

C. collectivist

D. naturalist

Review

Little Bethany loves new faces and stimuli, and laughs easily. People respond to her with playful smiles and tickles, which makes her giggle and ask for more. This represents ___________ between genetic predispositions and environments.

A. an interactionB. natural selectionC. heritabilityD. gender typing

Review

If weight were 50 percent heritable, it would be most accurate to say that:

A. your weight is equally influenced by nature and by nurture.

B. your mother’s genes are responsible for half of your weight, and your father’s genes explain the other half.

C. nature explains about half of the differences we observe among people.

D. there is very little you can do to override the power of your genes in influencing your weight.