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DECLASSIFIED AND RELEASED BYCENTRAL INTELL IGENCE AGENCYSOURCES METHODS EXEMPT ION3B2BNAZI WAR CR IMES DISCLOSUREDATE 2000 2007

NAZI WAR GRIMES DISCLEPSUREAOTMOO

CIA SPECIAL COLLECTIONSRELEASE IN FULL

2000

-11ELINIC INFORMAIION SERVICEE PARTil tNT It A

7

■

B .1), L.,1. ET I •• . , •• -

". •

T-1425 MARCH 1944GREEK INDEPENDANCE DAY

WIZJVR CRRTs DCWSL ir

CIA SPECIAL COLLECTIONSRELEASE IN FULL

2000

In this Bulletin, we recount a numberof characteristio feats about atroci -ties perpetrated by the invaders andthe heroic undaunted resistance of theGreek People and their Guerilla Forces.

This Bulletin which gives but an im-perfect picture of the Creek Tragedy isdedicated :-

NM THE UitICNOWN HEROES OF FIGRTIM GREECE "

PART No•

WHAT GREECE SUFFERS

ft

c 5 th MAROH1 a 2 1 - 1944

ORM INGEPING2NCE DAY

On Arch 1021, to the amazement of thewhole world, the Greek nation took up armsagainst the great Empire under whose yokethey had lived for mare than four oentukieS . After at epic struggle, the Greek pee-Ia not only freed part o2 their enslavedcountry, but aroused by their example the.:her subjugated 3alkan nations . F.ollovingolosely thoir historical traditions, they1.,:aved once more that the priviledges of.ioerty can only be obtained through hardfi ghting and sacrifioes.Once again or October 20th 1 94O, the Greek.

n ation roused the admiration of the whole,orld by refusing to surrender before theonslaught of the Axis powers . Opposing theirown moral strength' to the enemy's material'ores, they set an example to mankind and •.treugthoned the conviction of all free p-

-le in final victory.%I. e.oe to-day, 1.:hioh can be likened to a

nODERN FRONETEitiS IN CHAINS", torn by the• vultures, faces with indomitable eou-.age her martyrdom, faithful ever to her

" Yre bring you here " seid the German officer in iharze, sothat you may SCE hol nicely your ton end your homes burn.-"What about our women and children ? "asked the. men.- "Oh,they arc cloce . by" was the reply.. and without warning,

the Germans opened fire with their mechinc-guns killing them'all off.

Soon after, a number of'women who had escape from the burn-ing school, arrived on the scene end.wcre confronted with thishorrible specteele. The Geehnas ardeved them to bury their men*Later inhabitnats cf . /fertessi village came an helped to.bUrTtbildr follow patriots.-

Kalvrite is non nothing else but c mess of smouldering ruins.All the male population have been exterminated and only sevenhouses are left starding.

On Deccaber 4th l 943, after the annihilation of a Company ofp icked Germ= 2rected1ers by the Guerillas near Kerpeni (Kele-vrita), the Gernans eriested all tke.men of Eno end Keto ?eh-lorous, took 'Munn tc the Vouraika river and executed them.Simultaneously, both villages were set on fire rind hompletelYdestroyed.-

The Germans then arrested the monks . and novices of me„:, Sp.!.icon monastery and led them to the Prophet Flies rock just abovethe monastery cad there pushed dile by one over the preeipice.

The Germans then rased this historical monastery to the. groundafter firat plundering it..

On Sunday December the 5th . 19 43 end. S t .:'..aveh dcy, the qsr_m,as assembled all the male population of %shot village in thedhurchyar4 and executed them six at a time . .

The officiating prieit, interrupted the service he wes 0(67dtcting, to ask the ger:zeta the reason for•this sudden execu-tion of innocent peasants . The service - . es never resumcd,f-rtie priest was shot deed by the ,ermen rod the village ofw o-gtoiwas completely destroyed.

On the after-noon or December 13th . 1943, the minks of AgnieI.4via monastery foreseeing thet their turn hvd• come :nd that

monastery was about to be destroyed, drew lots amongstthemselves fora guard of honour of 3 who were to remain andguard the ma:watery.

The monks Tft1a1ios,8esile and Seraphim were chosen and a.last service was conducted at which the 3 men pnrtook of theholy communion . After the ceremony, the other monks lift forthe mountains.

When the Germans finally came, they shot the 3 monks underthe tree ofindepondence and set tire to tiais hibtoric manes-tery:dherve-ln Yarch 25th 1821, theMdzopoliten of geleon -Ealtron Germenos first hoisted the flag ortfia Greek ter of In-dependence'

The pro-axis President of tresovouni village ( Kozani), waskilled by the inhLbitants of the village. In reprieel, the Ger-mans bombed and sot fire to the village- . 185 of the men werekilled by machine gun fires the •retainder having-escaped tothe .mountains- The Germans promised an amnesty to the survi-ving inhabitants who believing in that promise returned totheir homes . The Germans however, assembled them all in thevillage square: executed them and then set fire to those hou-ses which had not yet been burnt down.-

The Germans carry out as a'question of policy, wholesale,plunder and theft- These acts are considered by them, as thelogical consequence of their rights as conquerors-

German officer actually said-to a Cretan scientistWhy do you consider nlunder and devastation as barbarous

acts 7." Everything here belonge to us; the inhabitants of theislands possess no rights at all The sun and the air arc allthat is left to them beceuse we cannot take these away fromthem.

On the 17th or Tune 1542, the Germans after setting flrr toPart of Stoli 5onoft.tsiou village, arrested E. Ebuttakis andM. Antonakis . Then in the presence of all the inhabitants ofthe village who had b e en assembled in the .village squares

these two unfortunate Cretans were stripped naked and savagelybeaten till they bled and their flesh hung. in strips fromtheir tortured bodies. Half dead end naked as tbey_wana.-theyNero taken in trucks tei -fgc Kvycniki prisons were they were givenbritish Uniforms to wear. .

No sooner had they'iui these on. than.Segt. major SCHUBERTentered their cell ' and with pretended indignation said :-" So, even in jail You want the english and wear their uni-.forms ", and started whipping them more cruelly than ever.: On thc following day on the is/8/42, they were taken titthe underground prisons of . iiereklion. From there at •7.00•hoursthey were taken toqi;ther with S. xiumber. of- others to the exe-mation:ground . A priest, Rev' . 'SlFAXIS who was amongst the con-demned said a short mass and then Ted= XMAS, a lawyer, madee speech against the murderers. The. Germans executed their withMachine guns and then forced a number. of their fellow eitidensto bury them. . One of thaSe went mad at the horror of the scene.

On the 1 6/12/43,1n,Maindani square,.germans.arreste4 . thepriest N. NIONAKIS, who was waking with his brot4tr,in-lawG. AMNIGAKI and send him to the prisons. On the following dayhe was brought before Major HARMS and 5 Ceptains and was,guarded by 5 soldiers andasergeant armed-with sub-mschide gunsand pistols.

• HARTMAN addressing the priest said :- w you_bed 8 men hid-den in your back-yard under the- wood, another 14 were hiddenby your villagers and in your house you kept a number of armswhich you later threw d,own your.well, also -your house was theHeadquarters of British propaganda. .

The priest denied all these charges, so,HARTWAN furtherasked the priest to ennefess thether—Britishers had been tohis house or not • Again,thi priest denied and Hartman seizedhim by the hair and knocked him down . The soldiers were than-ordered to take off his clotheeand . hewas beaten.unoonsoiouswith a eat o'nine tails . The priest remained unconsdibus for4 days as result of this treatment and was than sent to pri-son for 28 days without fooi.

ATR 0 0 ITI•E'S-------- •

The scale of atrocities committed in Greece by the tempo-rary invaders and conqueror& is such that humanity on only re-gister shame at the systematie annihilation of the unarmed po-pulations

We give here a number of examples of these atrocities aswell as a.nuMerical list of victims . Both however, only repre-sent a fnection of the total grid: reality and only a briof pic-ture can be drawn of the inhuman acts committed by the seem),

From October 1 943, in reprisal fox-Guerilla activities.the Gwaraue sowed death devastation and destruction throughoutthc peloponese.

At Felevrita on December 13th 1 943, the following proola-mation was riled out :-

. " By order of the Germans all the inhabitants, men,women,boys and girls, are to assemble in the 601)001*Those failing to obey will be- execute14..

So as to wave aside all suspicion of a . possible execution, theorder Curtherc read :_

" Min ate to take vith them e spare blanket and aloaf of bread".

As soon as all were assembled; the Gerfaana shut the women upIn the school and marched off all men aged from 1 6 to 70 yearsof age and numbering approximately BOO, to an unimelni destina-tion • The women within the schoorwere clamour lag ter infor-mation where their menfolk were being taken, , end tbd GermaneansNered:,

" Do not worry, we are going to shay/ them eordethingand you shall soon See them again".

There upon. the men Were taken to the cemetery at the foot ofthe hill on which an old fort still stand.

5

In spite of all this the Germans never obtained any in-formation from him regarding the hiding places of Greek andBritish organisations.

Two characteristic events Which occured in Chios town,during October 1942, show the extent of misery and starvationthere. In one house, a man died of elepAantiasis, whilst his

0 ,. wife, stood by watohing his agony, too to give him any assis-tance. For 2 days the body remained unburied and the woman fin,ally lost her mind.

Two orphan brothers starving bare footed and naked werewandering about the streets of the towns looking for food. Exi.hausted and dismayed at their unsuccessful attemdts, they satdown on a bench to rest. As they sat, the head of one of than .came to rest on the shoulder of his brother. Turning round tosee what was the matter he discovered that his brother was dead.

On August the 15th 1943, Komeno village, near Arta. wascelebrating Our Lady's Assumption and neighbouring villagershad come to assist On the exeuse that Guerillas had recentlypassed through the village, german troops surrounded it, shelledthe village bombed it and set it on fire. Any of the inhabi-tants rho tried to escape and were caught, were either thrownback into the fire or bayonetted The Germans even went to theextent of catching young children and putting cotton wool son-eked in benzine in their mouths and then setting it alight.

Two priests who conducting a marriage ceremony, werekilled in the Church together with the bride, the bridegroomand all present. Some 120e persons were killed in all on thatday,

In January 1943, 2 young girls aged 20-24 were broughtbefore the German Martial Courts of Salonica for harbauringBritish soldiers. The President of the Court, asked thert Whythey had helped Britishers, " Because they are -our friends andAllies", was the answer.

- You know that you will pay the supreme penalty for this,

-6-said the President.

We have only accomplished our duty" they answered" and shallbe proud to die for Preedcm."

The two girls were later beheaded.

In July 1942, 4. labourers were arrested by Bulgarian soldierswhile at work and tied standing up to poles. They were thenmade a target for Bulgarian children who together with the sol-diers, throw stones at them till they died. This form of exe-eution or murder by stoning is a common occurence in the vil-lages of Eiria,Heriati and others.

In 1942, Demetrios Georgiou was arrested in Drama, for con-cealing arms. On the first day, his torture consisted in hnvinghis hands beaten till they were crippled. On the second day, hisfeet were beaten till they were crippled. On the third day ,hewas beaten about on the body till he fell unconscious from theloss of blood. On the fourth day his torture consisted in hav-ing his head beaten against the wall Everytime he lost cons-ciousness, cold water was tnrown over him to restore him to hissenses. He was tortured thus for a further three days and thenon,: of his torturers, a bulgarian W/O, after ascertaining thathA., had become a cripple for life accepted the sum of 16.000leva, so as to spare him apy further torture.

In July 1942, a bulgarjan det r.lchment searched Drama areafor hiden wheat. On this excuse, they looted a large numberof houses killing the inhabitants. It is reported that whilstsearching the house of Socrates Amarinitidis, a quantity of:sheet was found. The Bulgarians attacked the two daughterswith intention of raping them and as they resisted, they killedthem and their relatives.

LIST OF ATROCITIES

GERMANS Executions-Murders-Death sentences

-

15,706Arrests-Imprisonments-Wounded-Ill-treatments-Violations-Exiles-Depor-tations

-

225.449Wanted-Persecutions-Concentrationcamps

•

7.783

ITALIANS Executions-Murders-Death sentences 3.810Arrests-Imprisonments-Wounded-Ill-tmatments -Violations-DeportationsExiles 13.994Listed as wanted-Persecutions -Concentration camps

•

7.277

GERMANS & ITALIANS Executions-Murders-Death sentences

•

- . 173Arrests-Imprisonments-Wounded-Ill-treatments-Violations-Deportations-Exiles -.473Wanted-Persecutions-Concentrationcamps 3.978

BULGARIANSExecutions-Murders-Death sentences

-

54.974Arrests-Imprisonments-Woumled-Vio-lations-Ill-treatments-DeportationsExiles 70.311

_

SMART LIST OF ATROCITIES

GERMANS-ITALIANS-BULGARIAMS

Executions-Murders-Death sentences 74.663Arrests-Imprisonments-Wounded-Ill-treatments-Violationa-DeportationsExiles 310.227Listed as wanted-Pernecutions-Concentration camps 19.038.

Total 403.928

N.B.Information found in this list gives only asketchy picture of the scale of atrocitiesoommitted in Greece by the temporary invaders.The colossal nutiber of victims of starvationetc. are not included.

- 9 -

MAIN GICECE

rams & vria,uIss . PARriz OR 031.PLETELY DESTEKMMDIN GIMZE

1,- BY THE GERdANS

During 1542, Atalanti was bed by air and seaIn 1942,Mikrohari was ?art*. set on fireOn the 11/4/43, Makrikami was set on fire. 170-houses were destroyed.On the 11/4/43,Platystamon was para.,' burnt.

▪ On the 20/4/43,Velitsa was burnt to the ground- On the 20/4/43,Sperhia was bombed.- In July 1943, Kerassovon,ZevEpreki,Boutirtt.Kalfi-

niki,Mataranga arrl Ghoritsa were 'burnt to thegrcmnd.In Septem2er-October1943,Dovrena&Hostia (Thebes)were burnt to the ground.

- On the 25/743, Stroutza was burnt to the ground.In Sept.43,KYriakt was burnt to the ground.In Jum 43,Livadion,Kalithea, were burnt to theground.On the 25/743,0rammatikon,was burnt to the ground.On tie 10/9/43,Kadi & Eaghora,quarters of Ievadiawere burnt to the ground.

- In September 1943,Villia were set on fire.On the 7/10/43. Lilea (Parnassos) were burnt tothe ground.On the 7/1C1/43 Arahova was partly burnt.In Sept.1943,Vraila & Mavrighanni were burnt tothe ground.On the 244/43.::astrion was partly set on fire.On the 3/4/43,Moshokaria was set on fire.On the 043, Chlita was set on firs.On the 5/543, Neraida was set on fire.On the 28/8/43,Makri was set on fire.On the 254/43,Polasghla & Dywri were set on fire.

- 12 -Bairakli,Amboliar,Ann & Kato Soterli,Verdikoussa,Farmaki,Ma-gboula,Kriovrissi,Pnsallaves,Flanbouro,Pithion,Tsouflitsa,Gli-kowon,Teambakli,Aghios Dimitr5.os,Dolighi,Sarandapo1o,Tsapour-ni4ffouba1a,Yanitsa,Gheranya,Fetristo,Klissoura (Volos).LafkosPofi,DrinakirDrini, wore partly burnt.

On the 27/43, Perivolion was partly burnt.On the 26/4/43, Aghladia ens partly burnt.On the 6/4/43,5/643, Aghios Stefanos was partly burnt.On the 412-28 /43, h wass partly burnt,

/i( ilOn . the g7 3, Fiada was partly burnt.On the 15//43, Neon Monastirion was partly set on fire.Th Septester 1943, the villages Kerassia,Xakoplevri,Kipou-

rio,ArZpis,Maritsa were burnt to the ground.In Sept. 43, Yakouvon was set on fire.During 1943, the villages Villighiste,hastaniajepinitsa,

Kotca-LTI. and Klinovos were burnt tc the ground.In December 1943, at :I' aghora (Pilion) 40 houses were set.

on fire.During 1943, the villages Pili,Pesoula,Kotroni,Harmanga,

Theopetra,Agrandia and Tsougouro were partly set on fire.

IIPIRlf S

On the 20/8/43 -15/9/43, the villages Yompoti-Sellades,Limi,were burnt to the ground.

On the 2o-25/9/43,Lineni &Yererhi were burnt to the ground:On the 1-5/1043, the villages Perouthi,LautrotopipAgrillos,

Aliki were burnt to the ground.On the 15/843-30/943, the villages Valaidoussa,Aidoni,

AhorOussia,Vouvopotamos,Kastri,Loutsa;Aidonia Narkissos,Kou-kouli,Zarevina, Ano & )to Despotikon, ighlos faorgios,Ano-ghion,Voulitsa,Panaghia were burnt to the ground.

On the 15/S43-30/943, the villages Rodotypi,Serviana,Fizanion,Aghia Kyriaki were partly burnt.

On the 18/1C43,Metsovon and Elefterohori (Arta) were burntto the ground.

On the 18/1043,Pades was burnt to the ground.During October 1943,Distraton and Paleonelion were burnt

to the ground,

- 10 -- on the 254/43, Anydron was set on fire- On the 27/4/43, Kallithea& Dilofo were set on fire.- In Sept.43, Dic Vow a (Fthiotis) Skarfia (Lokris),

Ematia,Livanates, were partly set on fire.- In Sept,43, Lagbare (Levadia) Eteiron,Koukcura,Desfina,

Stevelikon,Efaka,Ossia Louka,Convent, were partly seton fire.

- In Sept.43, ..erikion,Zeli, were burnt to the ground..

AETOLOAKARNANIA AREADuring 1943, Kryoneri & Koulouni were ccmpletely des-

troyed. In September 1943,Anlidatiko,Darenta,Varyani Polydros-son,Wastelia,Marghiolata,Sernikaki,Brallos,Aghios ConstardinosKaloskopi,Inohoricudighition,Mikro Horio,Marathi,Stenora,Lepto-karya,KatoMilia, Agh,Dimitrios,Kallipefkl,Fyrghetos,Palyopir-ghos p Afghani, were partly burnt.

In November 1943,Skourta,Pyli,Kavassila,Ka,,e.Pyrghos,were burnt to the ground.

During 1943,Aghrilia,2yrika,Aghios Loukas,Aghios Se -rafim, Iwo Kalivia, Are & Kato Souvalas,Kato Aghoriani, wereburnt to the ground.'

During 1943, Ghravia,Konkovitsa,Ano & Kato Mousou-nitsa, were bombed.

During 1943, Chardiki,Matasia,Alona &Kato Anatoli,were burnt to the ground.

In September 1943, Mytikas was bombed.

PELOPONESE In 1943, the villages Seddon (Messinia) Enrya (Spar-

tas) Ghereni (Ilia) Down & Horn (ArkwAia),Filia,liaimniritsa,Frymanthia,ICelenitsi,Manessi(Aohaie) were burnt to the ground.

In July 1943, the villages Bounti,Kalliroi,(Trifylia)and Karamoustafa (0Iyrm'ia) were burnt to the ground.

In July 1943, Aetos (Trifillia) was bombed and des-troyed oomplately.

- 11 -In August 1943, Sghourtsa (Olympia) was set on fire.In September-October 1943,Arahova 9Lakonia) was btWTt to

the ground.In December 1943,Kalavrita was burnt to the ground.In September 1943, the villages Ano & Kato Lousse,Vrahni,

AghiaParaskevi,Kalentsi,Vallmahi,Aghi.aMarilca,Lapata,Petsaki,were partly set on fire.

In September 1943,Treplistra& Soudeni were burnt to theground.

In December 1943 Routsi was burnt to the ground.On the 4th December 1943 Ano & Kato Zahlorau ard the Con-

vent of Megha Spileon were burnt to the ground.On the 5/1243. Roghoi was burnt to the groUnd.On the 13/1243, the Convent of Aghia Iavra, was burnt to

the ground.

THESSALYIn 1942 Makrohorio was bambei.In June 1943 Cerpohori & Kasies were completely destroyed

by bombing.On the 20/943, Kalambaka & Kastraki were burnt to the

ground.In October 1943, Falcon Kastron (Karditsa) was burnt to

the ground.In June 1943, the villages Ikaria (Olympos),Polyana,Skamnia,

Sparkos,Mitsouni,Sandovon, were burnt to the ground.In June 1943, Solos was pertly set on fire.in June 1943, Christa was burnt to the ground.In October 1943, the villages Horidalos,Trikona,Aidon,

Pefki,Chcdovasda,Chrissavis,Koutsouflianis,Malakassi, werecompletely destroyed.

In October 1943, Damiana, was completely destroyed.October 1943, Diava, was completely destroyed.

in October 1943, Seskoulo,Xaria,Toliana,Karaoull-Hyounari,Tsiflikion (Stergiou.) Nelemeni (Volos) ADO Makrilouhous,Arar:ra,Maniler, were burnt to the ground.

:n September-October 1943, the villages Zatar,Drioskoura,

- 16 -

On the 20/4/43, Aghios Vlassios (Livedia) wee burnt tothe ground- •

On the 20/4/43, Aghios :Constantinoe and Melos (Feroilcoa)were bombed.

On the 24/4/43, the villages Vritinitse, Karoupee,Sigditszwcre burnt to the ground.

On the 22/4/43, the . villegrs I angadc 'V hade .ram-i ek-non were completely destroyed..

On the 10/6/43, Erisso,' ( Parne.csia).. and Arahava, were burntto the ground.

In May 1943, the 7111egto Ncor (Lokrda) Wereburnt to the grourd.

In 1942, the . villegrs,s ?endaki,Kiseflos,Leprnou,Keteunia(Doris). were burnt tO the ground.

In 1942-43, Wvi-olitherio end goussounitse, were bombed.Prosileon (Sieri;.) and. Karoume.., were burnt to the.ground•In 1943, the viilegee . P.ikro and tkgala (11,witanie)

Amigdalia, Zoodoke'sPighl, acrr• .onrtly, set on tire. •In Ray 1943, &JCS° (Thehesi was burnt tp the ground.In JUly-Auguet the villeges A3lorefa.WarathoS,Krikcion,

Vinani of ..\irite.nie arcs, acre burnt to the ground.In July-Angust 19 43, the villtges Eristov1tsa,Astekoa:Var-

efraneika,aora1ka,were set on fire.In August 1943, the villages Fizvi,Flopia,Hivonotni.Plateo

(Attiki) -Viotia) were sct on fire-' In August 1 943, the .villeges Xennitsou, Kournovon,Polydros-

son ,lanormos , Tythor ea , Tolofon ,EleOn (E1a1otilloofot is) ,were seton f• In May 1943, the villages Tse_yanti,?-fahera,ProdsromosAgram-

belos.were burnt to the around.On the 3- 615/ 43 , Davila was set on fire.On the 31/7/43, Distomon was set on fire.

• In 1943, premise et Pavliani were set on tire.The villages Velitsa.,Vounohore,Karvitcre•(Doris) were burnt

to the ground.In 1943, Erithre was partly set on fire-

• In 1942-43, Stevenikon; Kononia,Petroma,3ottla Vass1-

-.13 -

On the 23-30/10/43,ortazion and Afgho were Dar tly seton fire .. ,

On the 20-3/10/43,Haoufa Kontini were burnt to theground.

In Ootob.er 1 9 43, the villages Ellinikon,Kontrovrakion,1CaLnentm ion ,Aetorehi ,Krepsi Anatol lki .Milara Ghlpiot a AeghaMikro_ Pcristfrion,Mouzakoi Were partly set on fire.

In 1943, the villages Aetos (Arta4,%ormils,asodi,Vendistanon, A3h.1ot: ::% eargias, were burnt to the ig..3..1w1..

In September 1943, the villages Rico (Preveza),Peta (Arta),cvena ,lial iki, stra1:1 ,0o 1 ianikan ,Krania ,? cr lianzo

Ano ?.'ato lioutsiara, Cherdiki,Veternikon,Ventsitsa,Pertouli.Tyrna ,Drameshi•Pyra Xilohori ,Tsouzt s la ,Melisnoctra ,Sanavi,Nazi, Kalivia (Litonavitsia)•4tanavitsiu,Vassiliko,(Pogon ,Yleft her ion ,Souloonulo,Ther ia ki as ien ,P en 101 aka sKapr-ni ,Vr lad es ,Kouk1o4; s i ,-Rz.vena ,Plestre ,Xr if oven ,As orohor 1Royka ,Tser it sena ,Elafos ,C.h1 Jiro , Tsckour Ct I ,;limitsa ,WousakesiPotami. , Ano Kor it s cna , A idon 1,3oute.r I ,T:anclak I Aid on la . Xor 0-no poulo 'Mori; io ,Acogh Jon ,Ghorghomllos , Dr 1of lion 'Mon siot 1 an..Rodov 1, ion ,Ghalate..,Voulitse ,were burnt to the rowal•

In .ruly 19 43, ICastenohorie and Bays .ere burnt to the•ground.

On the 1C/8/43, Komeno,(Arte) was completely•dostroyed•On the 26/8/43, Dnbessos (Valbou) sae burnt to the ground.In Tune 1?43, he villagE s Voustopanaye ,Slefth orohori

idonohor I ,Dov-ra slrob i t 1 'burnt to the ground.In Tune 1943, Konitsa, was partly set on tire.3n _the 81.5/43, Voulgharelli (Arta) ;;EE burnt to the ground.

CENTR. AL MACEDONIA.

On the. 12/12/43, Paligheratsano and Moschohori wore burntto the ground.

In 19 42; Neoussa was or...rtly sot on fire.In 1942, X irohorion (Sindou) was partly set on fire•In 1942, Messovounion (Kozani) was burnt to the ground•In October 1943, Litohoron,Pieria,• was burnt to the ground.

-15.

IMSTIMIN MACEDONIAIn September 1943,.Vryovaton was burnt to the ground.In September 1943, the villages N.eapolis,Pol,ylakicos,

Polydendroa were pertly set on tire.In September 1 943, the villages aranohori,Pentavrissi,

Aghia Anna, Aro ce. Kato Ftelia, Tsourui,Vitena,Avgh1,1cfkovi,ailiodondron vere burnt to the ,iround.

In So?tember 1 943, the villages Kosterazi,Tsakeni,Nesto-rion,uere partly set on firF•

In March 1943, the villeies Aghie Fyriaki.prhistilion,Kontom la ,Lyth la ,Mavrohori ,Ircssopotami& .Vit s is t a were burntto the ground.

In 19 12, :felanthion was burnt to the ground•In 1942, Leazke wss partly set on firs..In July 1913, Lehovon ( K 3nani) +cps burnt to the. groundIn Aprii-:- Say ,13, T.sotilion v.s burnt, to.. the ground.On the 8/3/43, Dafneron & Fxarhos were get on fire.On the 29/8/43, Klima; s se t on. fir e -On the 24/8/43. Tris • ere Sc; o.On the 9/8,43,, the v 11P'? s id i ,Itie,s ;uentron ,Sarakina

Poros 'Font in/ ,Tourm ik I ,Ghour, . aaki .w ez set ar= • -On the 11/8/42, 8571^a caz urr. tc th . - _round-.In :larch 19 13, the villegss Ks...nn er-.‘n ,religsi.Elefi 'Des-

pot 1 ,Fleftherohor ,Ant*.rakie 'Veit olak'sos ,jhri a were bombed andburnt to the ground-

In March 191.3, Vlasti t*e.s bombed.In 1942, Arghos (Orestikon) u=s burnt to thr ground.

EASTERN MACEDONIA

In 1942, the villa,rs no & Kato were burntto the ground.

In 1942 ,the ville.s Yt Dafsi (tc igriti) Orestias.Sitihorion, 'Zervohorion,Aydonohorion, . rne nartly set on firs •WESTERN TRUCE

In 1942, Aidonohozion (02rst4ss) .•et cut:nplets.Ly des-troyed.

EOEAIn October 1913, the villages N .,Artaki, Prokopion.Psahna

were, bombed.In August 1943, Vita.lon,& Milani ware burnt to the

gr,ound.On the 3,13/9/43, Vrissi was, oompletely destroyed by bom-

b ing•BE.TE

In December 1945, bath' was. completely set on fire.In 1341„ the villages Eande.la & Spines ‘.7ere burnt to the

ground.In 1941, the towns Eanea (Rethirmion) Mereklioa were partly

destroyed by bombing.In 1941, the villages Alikianos, Patolakg1, Fournes,Nea

Revriate, were comcletely destroyed.In 1941-42, Prastes ,Flutaaia ,Koufou ,kgh ie. ,Per ivol le ae-

lamPes ,l'imbeki Arkelohori ,krousounes (Pedie.․ )ierE.pctra ,aakopetros partly set cin fire.

Ia AuAust 1943, the ville,gcs :: efkos.Kuto Simi, Ann Slat,2'.ournics, MYrtos, End 104 fArm rr houses were set on fire.

:a 1942, Stall (Mere)ilio n ) •:.es pertly set on fire.'O the 19-15/ 9/13, the vilic.ges iiannos, Ano Ghdohie,

-Kato Ghdlt,io,Riza, loutraki were burnt to the ground.On the 29/ 9/43, the vi liege; . r,ostoghere_ko 1,Livade.Loni

were burnt to the ground.

BY. PiE

MAIN GRUM"On the 7/4/43, thc villages Aghlavitsa,Paleosparion

(Lidorikion) %ere burnt t3 the ,round.On the 9/4/13, thr villtges Aghic kfthimia.Paneghia

acre bombed and set on fire. .JO the 1,0/3,•Top p 1ia (Fernassos) was burnt to

the round-On the 14/41 (Amphiklia) rcs burnt

"."7.7 :round.

— 17 —

lios, cre pertly set al fire.PELOPOIFSS

• ly 1943. Zizinia or 7orytsa (Sparta) were burnt tothe ground.

On the 23/4/43, PyrGaki ,as burnt to the ground.In Tune 1g43, the villtgcs Knetenia,Aghlos Vhasilios ,Kos-

mos tare burnt to the ground.

TIMSSALYIn 142-43, Halki t.as burnt to the ground.In 1941-2, the vil_lsges Mousaki .Porti ,Por ta ,Aslavitsa,

Paleogar I ,Ocnnenikon ,::•hcralceri ,Hizomi los ,Kloyi ,Aghios csecon,were burnt to tho ground.

Agurila,Tsoti,Askeb4.rni,Tsougoura were partly set on fire.On thc 13/5/43, ?ask,.11tsa wLs burnt to the-ground.Ia. Tune 1943, •ezenieoles was burnt to the ground.In June 1 J43, 2:,.vromat1os was pertly set on fire.On thr 313/43, Gl.erLtari (Aghia) wee aompletoly destroycd•On thc 24/3/43, 100 houses tare destroyed in arkos (Tri-kela)•In yunn 1913, N.AnyLlos xas bombed and set on fire.In Tune 1°12, the villcgcs VafsiliArassia-)aghoula,

Pekli, Oriskouli,Lzer-Bougha 'erre set on fire -In ALle 1 443, th ,.. villazcs Filaki,Neo Haraki,Kili Klatt

Anthopotemos 'Tasks': ohor I ,Kroki ,anssiti 'Aid int ,Karad Ali •Tourkoniesseligatanos uerc set on fire-

In Tule 1 9 13, the vinages Daoulis ,Aghios Geogios ,Nea flekrj,Alifat a ;quid ia ,Tilliadou,Aeohori,ahoura Aar at s ali ,Palema.Averitsa,Srambole, tre set on fir e•

•

•

ruly 1 ?.43, the villegcs Kor fat I ,Pteleon ,Kouicou-vitsa ,Vr Incas 'Sour t Pert-11i ,D eleria ,H!.psani 'Miter° kass ell'Nagai° Ka. ,Sofades 'Kenny& 'Bel essi Aar' ,Arnirros ,Velestinon ,vere burnt to thc ground.

In. 1943, the villages Thepetra ,Konfi ,Kotroni ,ViSsinia Pre-kotr ipa ,Ropoto ,Vassiliki ,Oxynia ,Karpohori ,Parkethi ,TsegaronVard on .1.. er e burnt to the ground •

-16-

In 1943, LiRoudion and Varsvalcas were burnt to the groun:LIn 1943, the villages Zaghora Platanos,Sourpi,Aghia Trias,

Drimon, H.Nendzela,Korelio,Itzen (Volos area) were burnt tothe ground. •

In 1943,Pcrtcli was oompletely destroyed.In March 1943, Pale ohorion, was partly set on fire.In Mareh 1943,1ersala was completely destroyed.On ther4/3/43,Milogousta-was partly set on fire.In 1943, the vilLagesMikro,Deftherohori.ConiDamassi,Pla-

tikambos were partly set on fire.On the 24/3/43, the villages Mcweni,Kissos,Makrirahi, were

bc6bud.In April 1943,Stefanovouni, was partly set on fire.The villages Ghoura,Doutsiko,Rapsista,Vatsinia,Soulatena,

were partly set oh tire.On the 11/3/43, Aghiofilo,S1dparni,Taaritsaei, were burns

to the ground.

EASTERN MACEDONIA

In 1942-43, the villages Kokinia,Taxiarchis,Polylakos,Ki-votos,Drinovon,Aghia Efthimia, were burnt to the grotuld.

In March 1 943, 70 villages of Grevina area were burnt tothe ground, amongst them are Karperon,Melessi,Flafi,Elefthe-rohori,Anthrakia,Emiliabos,Diskos and Krania.

In 1943, Siatista was partly set on fire.In March 1943, Deskati was burnt to the ground.In March 1943, the villages,Lithin,Lakmata,Gberma,Aghia

Kyriaki,Dramitsi,Despileon,Inoyi,Makrohari,Kortmilia,Messo-potamia,Voghatsike,Asproklissia were set on fire.

Vlasti.was barbed in 1943.EPIRUS

In May 1943, Bandiopoulo (Arta) was burnt to the ground.From January 1943 to 1 5/843, 37 villages were burnt to

the ground.

- 19 -

On the 23/6/43 Pedini and Kosmira were set on fire.

AUGUR ISIANDS

In 1943, Veurliotes (Samoa). was partly set on fire.

III BY THE BUIDARIANS

EASTM MACEDONIA

In 1941 -1942, the villages Keo Patritsi,MAkropolis,Prou-sovo,Megalokambos,Kalithea,Agriant,Sitagri,Nea Pafra,Katitsa,Platanovoutsi,Platanda,Kalos Agros,Katafiton,Filipi, Nercfrak-tis,Yrosotsani,Rodopolis,Kerkini,MikrokaMbos,Alistrati,Nikiforos,

KoumbaLitsa,Seliani,Kousloukicn,Pallambelo,Mavrokordato, idarProti, Iliokomou, Konnitsa,Proklofi, Ghjourdsik,Mavroli-

vathi,Piksarion, were burnt to the ground.

UESTEW THRACE

In 1941 -42, Avas and Doxston were burnt to the

In this chapter we give only anincomplete picture of Guerilla ac-tivities . A number of engagementsfought between Guerillas and theenemy as well as acts of sabotageconstantly committed by Patriotsend Guerillas on axis communicationsammunition depots end other instal-lations are reounted here.

PART

"HOW GREECE FIGHTS ON ^

GUERILLA WARFARE

In this present war Greece re-lives theheroic epic of her struggle for independencein 1821.

A wave of wiId enthusiaem swept over thewhole of Greece carrying with it both youngand old, peasant and townfolk,intellectuals,workers, the clergy and the islaniersThis anthusiasn transmitted to the childrer

by bcthren and women, is born out of the peo-ple's iniaaitnblc love for freedom and theirintense hatred of the enamy.'Cut of this . eser-gas the Guerillas struggle in all its great-ness. The districts of Roumeli,Epirus and Ttessaly,ere the first to give the signal: for the gene-ral uprising and the whole of Crete, the Islandstogether withMorea.Mecedonia and Thrace follow-ed closely in their steps.

Greece is n:w nothing else but a seethingvolcano already in eruption vliing dead amongstthe barbarous tresspassers.. Greek mountainsrcsourd daily with the exploits of our bravedefenders of Liberty and Greek ports echo sto-ries of sabotage on axis shi?s well worthy ofthe heroic Rourliotieris of 1821 revuluticn.

SAROTAGE HT =HILLIS ON DDr LINES (IF CCPCITNICATIONS

TRAINS Just before the destruction of Ghorgho potamos bridgein October 1942, sabotage by Guerillas of railway lines

lad to the collision of two trains one of which, an Italian trooptrain was completely destreled.

During the second fortnight of February 1943, a trainsais derailed at Platason in the Tempii area.

On the 17/3/43, Guerillas tore up stretch of railscm the VolC.m:Larissa line, derailing a goods train_ ofits load uas carried off by Guerillas to their mountains lair

tha remain:kr destroyed.0.1 the 27/3/43, Guerillas derailed a Greek State Rail-

ways train near Dcsekos (Aghia area) and destroyed all thegoods carried.

A stretch of rails taken up by the Guerillas nearOrthri during the night of the 24-29/5A3 led to the 'derail-sent of tee trains.

Guar.:21as on the same day, derailed a goods train.near kilc. 267 of the Athens-Salonica line. The train crashed

destruction into a deep precipice. Another train was alsodestroyed between Nazar° ani

A train full of Italian troops was derailed in Thes-ealy near IcLio 254 of the Athens-Salonica line.

Cm the night of the 13-14/4/43, Guerillas removeda nudber of rails outside Asphiklia station, derailing agoods train luadsd with foci stuffs. Illa Guerillas carried offas much as they could of the fo.:d destroying the remainder.

On tle Li:..51C day. Gueri , las derailed and then sat fireto anothar train betaaer Tethrus Dadion. Later theyattacked another train travc:liag down that line amd the Ger*anns were commelled to vend reir,foroement to ward off theirattacks. In spite of this a further two trains were completelydestroyed by Guerillas rnd 7 derailed,. -

- 24 -

In April 1943 , strong Guerilla forces blew-ip 3 bridges on, •the Athens-Salonica line.

A bridge on the Larissa-Salonica line in the Rlatamon areawas destroyed on the 4/5/43.-'-

Several bridges on.the:Folos-lerissa line were blown up onthe 5/5/43.

Guerillas destroyed a wooden bridge over the'Iessot riverin the Klitorie-Tripoli road' On the 25/5143..

On the 30/5/43, Guerillas blew up the bridge neer kilometer7/300 on the Helavrita-Diakodtou line- •

During the night of ao-21/V43, near kilo 203 of the Athens-Salonica line , Guerillas blew up a large hridge 'mei the Ann..Dos river,80 . meters in length arid 105m, in height from thbriver's bed-

A 5 meter bridge at kilo 3 92 of Athens-Selonioa line wasblown up on the 5/7/43..

Guerillas on the 4/7/43 destroyed the Ira ova bridge.-On the 2/7/43, Guerillas blew up a large bridge ovee'the

Ahelos river.On the 7/7/43, a strong force of Guerillaa blest up at bridge

near Hafalovrissi (Thermion).

SHIPS :-On the 290/45, a motor vedask loaded with pArOlVas'set

on fire in Heraklion port.During the second fortnight of February 1 943,• en explosion

took place on the Italian cargo ship ^ CITTA DI SA:VOIR' (60)-.tons) . The Ship sank'fand several:Italians and 100 horees wetslost.

In April 1943, test et Stylis t the Guerillis seizeg 18motor vessels end sank a German patrol boat.

A 500 ton calque loaded with ammunition was sunk in May1943 in Rerame(Rireaus)et• ere damages were a 'sO caubed*tOa 3.000 ton tanker in Perama.

In Xune.1943, in Flreabs harbour, severf damage vitas cantedto the requisitioned Greek:stehmship "ARTINA" . which was readyto sail for Milos.

-21-On the 16/5/43, 2 trains collided together kietween 4h1ma-.

tario and Tanaghra stations owing tq sabotage on the track . •On the 11.6143 a train was blown up in a tdhnel in the Lamle

area on the main Athens-Salonica line auttide thus all railcommunications between the two towns for 'tome time.

.4 train was derailed and set on fire by Guerillas in Amphi-kiln on the 1/5143.- Guerillas elso s sueceeded in blowing a train.full of Italian troops in the Hama tinnei_nter Tempii.

On the 4/6/43 Guerillas blew up a train carrying troops ina large tunnel near Hournovon.

On the_12/ 7/ 43, a German trEMunition-traln ws blmin up atkilo 258- near Nazar° station- • • . '

On the 6/11/45, train No. 670--carrying German equipmentand material was set on fire between Vorneou and Raathopyrghou(Achaie).

During the night of the 22/2/44, a German armoured traincarrying a German general withtis staff anda large number ofofficers to Salonica was derailed on the Pidios bridge nearOlympus . The whole train crashed into the river and over 400-mostly officers including the GOnbral and his staff . , werekilled.

RAILWAY IMINIS On December 30-31/ 1942, engine No. 71 was destroyed at

kilometer 396- of the Repapouli-Platamon line.In May 1944, Guerillas deitroyed 5 engines in Dadion sta-. .

tion workshops.On the 14/4/43, tvcrenginos were destroyed in Titherea sta-

tion by Guerillas and two more et Plaice (Amphiklia)-On the 1513/43, owing in sabotage oath° railway line, twc

engines collided together between ShiMateriou. and Tanaghra rail-way stations anti were completely destroyed . '

On the 15/5/43, Guerillas encircled Amphiklia :stations anddestroyed 7 railway engines.

On the 24112/43, 2 engines were 'destroyed in the Pantelei-monos tunnel north of Larissa hy Guerillas.

On the 25/12/43, Guerillas destroyed 2 engines in Macedonia-

- 22 -.During 1942, in Athena in the Larissa station, 2 trains

collided together and many trucks were destroyed causing aserious delay to all truffle.

RAILWAY TRUCKSOn the night oe December 30-31/1943, in the derailment of

train No,71 • 5 trucks were destroyed and 5 derailed..On the 17/343, 35 trucks were derailed on the Voles-

Larissa line,During the night of the 28-29/343, 18 trucks fell of

aeroplane spare rerts were destroyed near Orthris and another16 derailed aid aet on fire by Guerillas.

On the 1414/43 several trucks were set on fire by Gue-rillas in Tithorea station.

On the 13/3/43, 14 trucks from a dernAled train were°completely destroyed betveen . Shimatariou and Tanagra stations.

. On the 7/743 A leaded truck was blown up and destroyed.On the 12/7/43, 2 trucks loaded with ammunition were

blown up at kilemeter 258 near Nazerou station,On the 25/12/43_ Guerillas destroyed a large nudber of

trucks on the Salonica6Gevgheli line.

eAlleelY LINESA stretch of the Liossion-Athens lines was blown up on

the night of the 4th Jeme 1942. .Ca the night of the 30-31st Decedber 1942, Guerillas

tore up a nuaber of rails at kilo 396 of the Greek State Rail-ways line between Papapouli-Platamon.

During the first fGrtnight of Fe-Drupe,' '1 943. Guerillasremoved a number of rens near Platamon.

On the 17/3/43, Guerillas reraoved a number of rails bet-ween kilo 265 anl 367 of the Athens-Salonica lime,

On the 22/3/43, Guerillas reaoved a nudber of rails nearkilo 22,6 of the Volos-Larissa lime.

During the night of the 28-29/3/43, Guerillas removed anumber of rails on the Orthris lime. They also destroyed partof the railnay line near kilo 267 of the AthenseSalonima lime,

- 23 -Duran.1 the night of the 13-14443, Cuerillss remcved a nudberof rails near Amphiklia station,

Durieg the night of the 13-14/443. 04.erillfts removed a num-ber of rails between Tithorea and Dadian stations.

On the 4/5/43, 40 explosions occemed in the Platamon Area onthe Larissa-Salemica line destroying maey sections of the line.

On the 5/743, a section of rails was blown up at kilo 423.5of the Athens-salonioa line.

On the 5/743, Guerillas blew up 15 rails between kilo 390 and392 of the Athens-Selonica line and 4 rails between kilo 392and Papapoulion station.

On the 14/743, A Guerilla cavelry unit destroy& a sectionof rails between Syrigiou and Thebes.

BRIDGED During Septeriber 1942, the railway bridge of Kekosa-lessi WAS blown up.Brallos .and Gherghopotemos bridges were destroyed

oompletely during Septedber 1942.Early in the morning of the 5/343. Guerillas burnt

down the wooden Alinkmon bridge (length 150 meters).On the 9/343 Guerillas blew up a bridge nerur kilo

9 of the Ekaterini-Aghios Dimitrios road. On the next day anotheabridge was blown up on this road near kilo 17.

All rail communications between Voles and Larissawere cut following the destruction of ZIROPOTAMOS railway bridgenear Voles town. The destruction of Sofedea bridge cut also allcommunications between Vblos and Kalembalue

On the 11/3/43, Guerillas blew up Stefenoussion ironbridge on the Trikalse-Eardissa line.

On the 12/V43, Guerillas blen up the iron bridgeover the Pinion river near kilo 114,68.

On the z5/3/43, Guerillas blew up the Xiria ironbridge near Nen Ionia quarter (Volos).

On the 4443, Guerillas blew up a bridge on theLarissa Volos line.

Platykampos bridge on the Vales-Larissa line wen,bloen up on the 3443.

3 ':

1/3/43, ',Id:nycy of 1C: . srs :.7 vies; ;. ad

--nos --."ce battle of di- :f fluor.

;arse-Cs o 4.4/37 L3, after

;he Sf.atista anof :.rn to 15, at eked

C•ne of theya vie tz.kon rrcoo0r szi. dor.-

C-n . tne 9/:-443,near Cue-ettaek-.:5d en Italian convoy of 12 cr.-= nal destroyed 5

of their..ln the 14/44.3 in Tcpolin.villou (1-.13hiscc.), 2 Itc/Isn

cars wero destroyed by Guerillas.In I:17 CuerillocLlas att--oked on ItaLis: , osluzln of 7 cz.z.

11.-tween liriesovitsi and Astakos (Etolia) erld captured all oars:rith ti.oir lord.

r. ino 194.3, rear Atclr.ndi, attroked aril. 'des-troyed sr_ It/liar. corrrcy.

On August I3th 194.3, in on engagement vdth Gerroar. and Ito.-liar. dctachro.:ts on tIn V1U.icr Kriekoution *rad, GoriUzts_cscecoded in ,:lostrcri-ing 5 oars.

In Auvtst 1943,Garman. foroesm:th Z2 oars. attempted...to oocu--iefalolerLsai (Etoloaks-rnania)„ a acod an. suo-

cf.eded in festroying all the cars.On the 26/3/43, in c r..er.ragoraent with a C.innan ara-.red

coltunn, ■Agri-11:-s destroyed 4 cars and r.Abet.* the sc_le. tine, Cuer3 Lies attael-,:el o Tt .. .lis.nt con-

voy of 45 CA.ra in the Psyli,kancala (Aticri; C.. strr:fing t5 ofthem.

On the 12/9A3, during negoointior.s for curren-der, a column of 13 crxe with 93 germ=had been sent to _ s_rahavr woe ttraked Cs. '30 • es-troyed 12 of the vehicular- The Gen.r."....c.: • 1:LT: 15-

3eo as:n.25 cap os-,..sed aicrgdoe• an a.c,x ton :lertrnn freisht.:. loaded..e..thr.

Cr. tl eot.; or

Cr 8,17,..:4,1,0. (citatr. -165 toz, rec_uisitor.:Ed. mic.,uefl..11.7 Laded with ',.1:r.unities w...3 blown ti; Aitios C-iorgios

• : (Yoratciroon) Pirescs.C: t::E 15/7/43, ir. stzik tee

• n tanker 'E.E.1.41.14:r.1943,sc...,cru lassed. tc 7;, ..CCC ton

• crr.c.c loado.c.first fcrt:IEnt ..f ..t•.:gust 1943, Sari.34•Z

• e

▪

z ..used. to a 200 t.nrocp.ds.ti:ned toz.DorinG the seccnd fortnight of August 194-3, the

ravel ship Nracir stulk PireaUE hr.rbour by a rzgnoTdarire Just as it was croin off the Vossiliadi Zry

The Greek auxilicrr 400 t. shin "TITAN" Arr.s sunk in tkesere way nix' place in August 23th. L-•tor in the dry ruscr..'lermine oaused ir,purtant damages to e large flmting =aro.

In Au,:,-ust 1943, an"8,000 ten italiim ship was blown : up byGuerillas in tierselicn ttveto),

STORLS An Italian petrol otcre oa.s set on fire during 1942 in TA.7.11.--;

On the 6/10/42, a hole or by rAzerillas in po'h•::. sto-rz.T.,o tank in the rier-.os..on r. -no. are: 25.00C loilos of tr,1wore thus spilt.

In 1942, 200 'ecrrels of _etrol .:ere destroyed in the Eers-olion area.

On the 11/6/42, ..t_n the n.rer (Crete), Cue:7111:4sot fire to 50.000 kil. oph•ol zrel oil.

On the 16/2/43, i)lerill2s destroyed lnrge quantities ofexplosives in a warehouse resr Galonica.

0): the 23/6/43, a grow of 40 aimed Guerillas burn, a-ana mnber of fuel depots (potrol,oil,perafine etc.) C' theT.n floor kilo 20-f ALhios 7:

- 26On the 4/3/43, Guerillas in an engagement with the enemy

captured a truck loaded with flour, 8 sacks at pastry; 6 sacksaf boots, 10 sacks of rice, 3 barrels of petrol and 2 boxesof coffee.

In June 1943, in Tepee village (Grote), Guerillas set fireto 120 barrels of aviation petrol.

The *EILIN7KDIe German ammunition depot, situated on the.outakirts of Athens was completely destroyed on the 26/6/43.

An enemy petrol depot near Heraolion was blown up on the26/7/43.

?LANE:,

On the 12/2/42, Guerillt-E• 1 removed parts from a plane onthe Kastelion aerodrome (Crete). The plane crashed later andwas completely destroyed.

• On the 11/6/42, 65 planes were destroyed by Gaerillas onKastelli aerodrome (Crete).

Towards the end of January 1943, 2 Greek engineers sabo-taged some 200 plane engines in a munition's factory, nearimettos. 8 planes fitted with acre of these engines crashedand were completely destroyed.

Airing the firat fortnight of April 1943, Guerillas atta-cked and demrzed Larissa aerodraza.

On the 21/4/43, Guerillas attacked and oocupied the tou-rist aerodrome near beghion.

In July 1943; Guerillas destroyed 7 pierce (2 fighters &5 bombers) and 2 camouflage planes, on Kastelli aerodrome(Crete).

On the 30/6/43, a German plane which made a forced landingbetween Karpchorion and Sofades was set on fire by the Gue-rillas.FACTORIES

The timber factory naar Flatystomon (Makro kimi) workingor the benefit ' of the occupying forces was destroyed by the

' Guerillas on the 31/3/43.

27 -1:uring the night of 1 3-14/4/43, Guerillas blew up the work-.shops and water tanks of rloinn station.'

IELMIONS LINESOn the 5/12/43, Guerillas destroyed all telephone mires in

lavera village (Iddimotikon).Telephone wires were cut by Guerillas in Evros Prefecture

on the 9/12/42.On the 25/7/42,11/6/42,22/9/42,5/11/42,16/12/42 and 5,7,12,

22,25 et 29 January 1943, Guerillas cut dawn telephone miresin the Herr:011mi area.

ix)amOn the 27/5/43, saboteurs destroyed the 5th section of the

floating dock situated in the naval arsenal.

MINESOn the 13/2/43, Guerillas destroyed all the installations

of the'chrtriimmine in Agaios Idmitrios (Blossom).On the 25/12/43, Guerillas destroyed the kevroneriom load

times (Ghoumelitsa).

MOTOR VEHICUIES-ENGINES PTO.On the 12th July 1942, in Heraolion, Guerillas burnt dor=

the car of the German military police commander.On the 15/8/42 and 28/8/42, 2 oars full of petrol were

burnt dagn in the Herrelion Prefecture area.During the second fortnight of January 1943, hbrth of Mas-

son, 2 motortrucks- carrying some 5.500 okes of food stuffswere captured by the Guerillas who after removing the food,set fire to the trucks.

Luring February 1943, Guerillas attacked an milan supplo-oolumn of 40 cars in the Siatista-Kozani-Servia-Elasson-Ioris-so lino, destroying the entire convoy.

On the 10/43, Guerillas orptured 3 signslomim belon-ging to an Italian Unit, near Masson.

32 -;

TnIESSAIY altfar 0::suLTEras Place of engagement: late :Killed: Wounded: Prisoners

:Platamen :31/12/42::Rlassan :21/2/43sSarantaporon :20/ 4/43 2:Larissa bridge : 9/ 3/43::Olympus-Pindos : -1/ e63 : 40:T4mpii tunnel 1 ir /43 ::Karpohori-Sofsdes :310,/ 6/43 :aalambaka :23/ 9/43::Filleon :17-18/W: 166 : -aindos bridge :22/2(44 : 400s..-....-------...--.....-: :-.... . .

Total 612: 31

EPIRUS

: Kofalovrisson S ■A1/43 : 150 : -: Porta :21/9/43 : 5 : ::Mazi (Ioannina- :

Metsevon) :5/9/43 : 15 : -

Eleftherohori :26/9/43 : 5 : 2 Albanians -

t 2 1 175: 2

VSTIrriUT:WmilllaA 1, :s.ndavrissi-Kozani : 2/3/43 : 1: - : 2

: 6/4/43 : Z: 37 -:Vevis-Florina Ett...ti..421/6/43 : 7 : 22:Neapolis.-Siatizte :: bridge :13/9/43 : 2: 2:Krania :29/12/43 : serious casualties

Total 32: 61 : 2

'" 29oars which the Guerillas attacked and destroyed 1 and oaptu-red another in good oonditiOn..

On the following dAY.Dess forces of 106 cars sore sent.whiebthe Guerillas . repulsed, capturing 12 whicules in perfoot eon*dition.

Luring the first fortnight of September 1943, Guerillascaptured. 2 light gernantanks near Krokouki.

On the 21/9/43, Guerillas destroyed an Italian motorcycle.In September 1943, Guerilla.s destroyed 92 german cars at

Tenpii (Olympus).D.iring the last maths of 1943, nonr Ela83°21t

destroyed several trucks with anti-tank rifles.During the Sr= period on the Rkaterini-Aghios Ddmitries

road in the Olympus area, Gueril]rs captured 6 lorries and astaff car.

ARMSOn the 5P/43, Guerillas captured 40 German rifles, I L.M.G.

and a:munition on the Aghios Idraitrias-Bkaterini road.. On the 8/2/43, in an engagement near Chinovory Guerillas

captured 100 rifles and many rounds of ammunition.Gccmunique Mo.2 of Thessaly's H.Q. states that on the 11/

2/43, Werillas lurinz an ergagpaent with Italians on ther.:.ad, captured 5 L.M.G.,23 rifles,

40 he.12:1 gronades,13 sabres,6 pistols, 1 telephone, 2 baxes ofasmwition raid 3 tomes of automatie usepons spars parts.

Ir. 1943, Guerillas after engasements on the Ekaterini-Iarisv. r:ad capturc.2 Z rifloz,2:0 htnd ;wenades, 5 heavy* .machino gurs an r, few mvrtars.

A Owmunique of Thessaly's H.Q. published on the 11/2/43,reports taat Clic/4117.8 captured 2Q automatic weapons,3 heavymorters,1 light nw:rtar, 2.0CC hand grenadas,266 rifles andseveral boxes of ammunition.

0:1 the 14/2/43, a group of Guerillas in an enzagmoiont withan ItAinn battalion in Thessal • took 200 prisoners with alltheir equipment.

: 3:s 6 :: - 8: 10 :: -

: - : • 1serious casualties

: -

9

10

150

2

401

- 30 -Communique lb. 5,- of Thessaly's H.Q. states that during

an engagement whieh took. place in Aghios Dimitrios chrcraiummite, .0:mari12na enptured eal the equipment of the guirdc.

On the 5/44.3, during an engagement which took place nearAghia Efthimia village (Amphisea) with an Italian column of12 -cars, Guerillas saptured arms machine guns and emmunition.OnAT 3 cars succeeded in amccpin.;.

Tbs VermouatosH.Q. acme:clique of 4/3/43, announced thatduring the battle which toc skplmee in.tho Stavrcdr400-Palo.kestron Vigla up to Avvestaria (Siatista), Guerillas captured27 automatics weapons, 1 light mortar,7 pistols, a lorry ullof ammurd.tion, light mortars and hand grenades ani 12 boxesof ammunition.

In the battle of Paroukampos of 4,6,/43, Guerillas captured.3 M.G.,4 light mortars, 500 rifles,30 pistols,8 heavy machinegum, 30 L,M.A. 300 heavy machine gun mania, LO. & L.M.G.ammunition, mortars and hand grenades.

In June 1943, a battle took place between Gueril-lr.s andan Italian regiment. Guerillas put the entire regiment toroute and captured nearly all their equipment.

On the20/5/43, during the Thermopiles hattle,Guerillascaptured 2 mortars with CO rines,211.G. and 14 rifles witheamunition, 1 verey pistol with flares.

On the 21/5/43, Guerillas captured a motorcycle and 20artillery shells.

On the 29/9/43, in an engagement which took place in theMOshohorion-Ihermopiles road, Guerillas captured 2 heavy mor-tars, 2 =chine guns and 8 rifles.

- 31 •••

Engagements fought by Guerillas with . the otesupyigeforces in various drone and losses: inflicted on lmo snow.

GREEK GUERILLA ENGAGMENTS WITH =YAM .

MAIN GRME GEEMAN CAsIJAM35 :Elam of engagmment Date : Wounded./ Prieoneri

:Athens:Thebes :

:Lianokladi:65/

/43/4.3 :

- 33 : g. 15 :

s 2

: .: 1943 : 80 :

:Kakis. (niches) : 6/4/4.3 : 1 : s

1 6/ : s 162.agili ill'aP ti!llivadies) : 5/4.3 11:15/4/43 : 3 t - : -

matari-Temagra : 13/9J4.3 : 7 : 13: ;

. :

tInpadia bridge 1/6/43 : 12 g -:tunnel .asfalovrisson (Agri : :. • Ilion): 7/7/43 : 32 s - :sKaza-Salingaros- :12/7/43 g

--. .

t,zero station t

sGmunatike-Agrinion :2i/43 ; !;: : 12s Tillie

1sliriekondol :4%9%433 2gg : 293 't::Iovrena

arahova ' :12/9/4.3 : 230 : :04oshohori-Thermo- : a:t piles road 12/9/43 : 52 : ::Thermopiles :29/9/43 : 100 : . 400

a- /10/4,3: - :sLivadiasLilai.s. :5/10/45s 4 : g

:

Total • 822 : 724 a 206_

1M2Eqjaao. sogageine2t: Date Zilled ',founded : Prisoners :

lArtis-Ioanina road: -11/43: -: Ioannina -/1/43: 1:Patti : -i2/43: aoaoanina-Artis road:1-10/8(43:29

:--

Total 331 :

PAOPONESE-

18 :

1

64

tWalthi(Trifilia) :15/2/43:eyrgaki AkladiatAegheon :21/4/43:

Total 18 : 55

SAMOS3:15/1/43:

- - 43:

Total 5 v.

N.B. All rpaoes marked with a dank (-) denote thatenemy oaaualties have not yet been eonfirited-

4527

: 5613Total

;MIAPaahnOe,Prekonion

ggM_

: October:15:Nov.43

T o t e'l 15:29/11/43'

-

: -7

- 33 -

OINIRAL MACDOKIAPities of engagement : pate

Aghios pinittrios- , 1Ikaterini : 512/43

Salonioa 4/2/43Ighlot pithitrios-

Irk:at er int :a1/2/43. 0 :ao/2/45

Agh.Oimitrios mines :28/2/43Mellis(Yannitsa) :24/12/46.:

THRACEAIemandroUpolis bridge -Didiootikon : 7/5/43koracifolia-Souflion -/9/45

-a Total

my=Yorisa -Kato Spot

AngbUtsaki)(au SikiaKeutsoperakosAkladaTithariki

Total

Killed : Wounded : Prisoners:

-3:

• . :serious oasualties

: 3 - •1 : 2 : - •3 1 4 : - •

••4 : 9 :

241

-/e/3.3:is/e/43

128/9/43:17/11/4a:

111 : 48 : 1333 1455 -ao :20 - -

: 122 : 13

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-37--GRIIE GUIRILLA wok:m.7,5m ritgiam)

---------------------•• GERMANS ITAIIAN5• Area , K1114 : Woueed:Prisor.treffilled:WouLas::P:isoner&:

• •:1.7.ain Greece 872 : 724 205 • 3212 : 5a1:Them:1y 612 1342 : 21c.: -100 t

• ;ZPirns ; 175 : 2 : : 331 ; co:W.Yeeedonie 32 : el : 2 : 563 : 202 : 1483: c . 13 : ' 50 : 56 : : -:Tbraee • : 4: 9 : - : - : -:Pelopone s e : - - : za: et : 241 • : 122 : 13 : - -:Yhtroia : 15 : 12 - - : -:Samos : 3 : 7 : : 5: -

T o t a 1 19 87 1018 : 288 : 5958 : Nog : 3885

Total German & Italian killed 7335-R wounded 2226-

r• /V Prisoners 3971-

The above information is taken from trustworthyscarces but gives only a sketchy picture of thetotal activity of the National Groups. -

The folloolog scene Lhich took place in a little villeeIn Greece is a typical episode of the story °of the Greek Pao-71s's daily strugzle for freedom.

To.ds noon a German detachment passed tbrough a0z-sek villege • Not a soul was to be seen anywherefor the burnt out houses w er e completely deserted •The amen sAdiers dusty and weary eaw little

coacce of r , b taining a bit of rest even here.

Al

The toad through the village led to a thiokwood visible in the distance.The Officer in charge of the detachmentsearched the distanoe with his glasses andperceived on the edge of the wood a smallchild sitting down and cutting the twigsof a branch with his knife . Absorbed by itswork the child bad apparently not noticed

. the arrival of Germans in the village.The Officer sent for the chiid and asked

the led what he was doing.-^Nothing, Iam just staying here' said theled looking at the officer with puzzledblue eyes.

-"Is there anyone else here" asked the'officer-

they have all left"-"?'hat have you in your mouth,lad^-NA whistle" said the child blowing it hard.

want you to take me to the next village,otherwise I shall wring your neck" said theofficer-

/he child agreed and the officer orderedhie men on, and guided by the child enteredthe wood . There,hidden in the Undergrowth,lay the Men of the ruined village armed with .two machine guns. Before the officer hadtime to draw his revolver he was shot deedand not a man of the detachment survived-

Next morning, the Lad was again seen seatedon the edge of the wood, cutting tile twigs aa branch with his knife. Absorbed by his workhe was silently humming the eong of LI81RTy.

•67/M05Z(3,1)-544

-total

163I MAIN &FLEECE% TNESSALYS EPtRUSif _mric.6 . Do. rstsft_

THRACEC PELOPONNESE_ CPLEIE

'8 FEGIANISLFIND)

- 199166

<7

Cog

\ REAs GE Pt.11 A N ci 17ALIFINS . 50LGARIANS

t v../ -11 5 ancL V i Lla.c3c5 cieslitogeoL . -6*

Corn pki. IAA Ctomplgie Poxt Grnt pie+ .HI 55 36 11H.2 J4 9 51

109 t7 38 9.,31 _

_%6

9„,ii .._10

47_

v.), 144

9.,5

.•••■ ■■•

%I 16 — — —._ — 1 — _

?at-i1

_.., 198_- 9.,

31-140

i-ro-r AL 275 It %i5. gT 46

1315L-CrAlklp

\ ,i1)605\-\1\1

c1)

TN/

0

o' OCI-APES 151-AI405

6 a i)o

. ,