nc solar center nc project greenncprojectgreen.org/presentations/introoverviewgreenbldg.pdf1...
TRANSCRIPT
1
Advancing Renewable Energy for a Sustainable Economy
NC Project GreenIntroduction and Overview of Green Building
NC Solar Center
“North Carolina State University” is a Registered Provider with the American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems. Credit earned on completion of this program will be reported to CES Records for AIA members Certificates of Completion for non-AIA members arefor AIA members. Certificates of Completion for non-AIA members are available on request.
This program is registered with the AIA/CES for continuing professional education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product. Questions relating to specific
Advancing Renewable Energy for a Sustainable Economy
materials, methods and services will be addressed at the conclusion of this presentation.
2
Copyright Materials
This presentation is protected by US and international copyright laws. Reproduction,
distribution, display and use of the presentation without written permission
of the speaker is prohibited
Advancing Renewable Energy for a Sustainable Economy
of the speaker is prohibited.
© The North Carolina Solar Center 2008
Learning Objectives1. Introduction to new commercial buildings green design, past, present
and future; including green building programs such as LEED andand future; including green building programs, such as LEED and Green Globes.
2. Overview of policy issues, federal and state.
Advancing Renewable Energy for a Sustainable Economy
3
North Carolina Solar Center • Operated by College of
Engineering at NC StateEngineering at NC State University
• Created in 1988 as a Clearinghouse for RE Information, Training, Technical Assistance and Applied Research
Advancing Renewable Energy for a Sustainable Economy
• Sponsored by State Appropriations through the NC General Assembly
• NC State Energy Office, Industry, Federal Labs, US DOE, USDA, IREC, Foundations, Other State Agencies & NGOs
NC Solar Center Program Areas• Policy Analysis & Outreach• Research & Demonstration
– Solar, Wind, Alternative Fuels• Consumer Education/OutreachConsumer Education/Outreach
– Solar House– Solar America Initiative
• Technical Assistance & Training– Renewable Technologies– Transportation– Industrial Program– Commercial Buildings– Specific Tech Assistance
and Design Reviews– Green Building Diploma
Series– HealthyBuilt Homes
Program– LEED for Homes Provider
GBII-Graduation DayRaleigh, NC
July 2008
4
Continuing and Professional Education
Workshop almost every week of the year scheduled! (GB RE andscheduled! (GB, RE and GBB combined)Green Building Basics (GBB)
6 topic workshops3 Program specific workshopsMoves around the state
Green Building Diploma Series covers:
Residential and Small Commercial (GBI)New Commercial (GBII)Existing Commercial (GBIII)
Site Visits and hands on problem solving in each workshop (Diploma Series)Geared to Building Professionals and career changersContinuing education in various increments: from 4 hour GBB to week long Diploma Series
Residential Green Building Programsas of late June 2009
LEED for Homes Provider86 homes under construction/registered54 silver certified multi-family units
NC HealthyBuilt Homes305+ homes under construction,
First NC HBH verified Home 2004
Advancing Renewable Energy for a Sustainable Economy
305+ homes under construction, 390+ certifiedEnergy Base is the EPA Energy Star programProvides a checklist of choices for builders and ownersWebsite: First NC HBH Gold Level Home 2005
5
Commercial Green Building ResourcesContinuing Education
Green Building Special Topic WorkshopsPresentations
Design ReviewsTechnical Assistance
General Working with groups such as USGBC
Policy Technical assistance for green building policy
Online ResourcesWebsitesFactsheetsFinancial Incentives
GreenNC layout9/9/09
Provide Design Reviews and Technical Assistance for Homeowners, Building Professionals, Institutional ownersNC HealthyBuilt Homes Program Administrator
Solar Center: Building Team Activities
NC HealthyBuilt Homes Program AdministratorLEED for Homes Provider www.usgbc.orgWebsites:
www.healthybuilthomes.org• Information on green building• List of builders working in the NC HBH programwww.greenprofessionals.org• Searchable Database of building professionals www ncgreenbuilding orgwww.ncgreenbuilding.org• Searchable Database of buildings with green technologieswww.greennctradeshow.comwww.ncsc.ncsu.edu• Main Solar Center website: Solar and other technology factsheets
www.engr.ncsu.edu/ncsc/energy-stimulus/• Energy Assessments, Design Assistance, Training Programs
6
NC Professional Directory
NC Green Building Database• A collaboration toA collaboration to
collect case studiesacross the state
• Focus is Green Technologies, not green buildings
• Many buildings do rise
Advancing Renewable Energy for a Sustainable Economy
• Many buildings do rise to the level of green building
7
The State of Commercial Green Building Nationally
NC Solar Center
When you get the question….
What is Sustainability? *What is Green? *What is Healthy?
S i l J tiSocial JusticeEconomic JusticeEnvironmental Justice
8
PerceptionPerception
2 0 0 7 Annual Meeting
9
How are Healthy and Buildings linked?
D i i d t d h l l ti
Buildings have INERTIA!
• Decisions made today have long lasting effects into the future.
• How are Healthy and Buildings linked?– People [social justice]– Builder and owner Financial Health [economic justice]– And the continued flourishing of the natural Environment to g
support People [environmental justice]• The building industry is the largest industry
consumer of the world’s resources, consuming 36% of the world’s energy usage– (Energy Information Administration www.eia.doe.gov)
Research-Planethttp://www.eia.doe.gov/oiaf/1605/flash/flash.html
Total Building Sector in 2007 is approximately 2400 million metric tons from a total of app.6000 million metric tons or almost 40%
10
Why we care:Why we care: The next generation of building owners/users!owners/users!
What is Green Building?• Green Building is• Green Building is…
• Consideration of the building as a whole system from:
– Conception– through design and construction– for the duration of the life of the building
I t ti f h d d d i i t• Integration of human needs and desires into a healthy whole system that supports and sustains the requirements of a healthy natural environment
• Focused on Transforming the Market
11
Considers the interactive effects
Recognizes that components of the building l k d h
What is “Integrated Design”?
are linked together
All components must be considered at the same time
This creates a cost-effective whole building solution
…and it can be more difficult to accomplish in an existing building than in a new one
High Performance Building Key Points:
Energy EfficientHealthy Indoor Air QualityConscious Material Resource UseEnvironmentally Responsible SiteFootprintFootprintWater EfficientWhole House as an Integrated System Design
12
To Transform the Market…
• We need to change the process, not just the technology– The Design Process– The Construction Process– The Marketing Process
Green Building Programs seek to Transform the Building Market
What is a Green Building Program?
…First, it focuses on Integrated Designg gMarket movement Usually voluntaryMust meet specific requirementsMostly private, sometimes publicy p , p50+ programs across the US and growing–Residential, Commercial, State and General–USGBC introduced LEED for commercial buildings in 1998/2000
13
Participants in the Integrated Commercial Building Process
• Designers: Architects Engineers specialized• Designers: Architects, Engineers, specialized design professionals
• General and other specialized Contractors• Energy Analysis/Commissioning Agents• Government Entities, Inspectors• Building Owners/Facility Managers• Building Owners/Facility Managers• Real Estate Developers, Finance• Product manufacturers/distribution channels• Land Developers, Real Property Agents,
Property/Land Appraisers
The State of Commercial Green Building Nationally
• USGBC-The US Green Building Council- LEED
• The GBI-The Green
Website: www.usgbc.org
Building Initiative-Green Globes
Website: www.thegbi.org
14
Green Globes®
Green Globes (GG) is a toolGBI is a groupGG is a green management tool that includes an assessment protocol, rating system and guide that once complete, also facilitates recognition of the project through third-party verification.GBI is a not for profit organization whose mission is to accele ate the adoption of b ilding p actices thatto accelerate the adoption of building practices that result in energy-efficient, healthier and environmentally sustainable buildings by promoting credible and practical green building approaches for residential and commercial construction.
• 13 online case studies – 4 in Canada (4 Globes-all)
The State ofGreen Globes in the USA [as of 1/2010]
– 1 in Missouri (4 Globes)– 1 in Arkansas (2 Globes) (also LEED Platinum)– 1 in Colorado (2 Globes)– 2 in Connecticut (2 & 3 Globes)– 1 in Washington (2 Globes)– 3 in Wisconsin (2 Globes-all)
• PNNL Report of July 2006– 63 registered projects in US
• AFPA Report of Nov. 2007– 70 registered projects in US
Of note: The GBI is working on an ANSI standard: GBI 01-200XP—it was open to public comment 10/24/09 – 12/8/09
Clinton Presidential Center, ArkansasTop: Clinton Foundation
Bottom: Oikos
15
The U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) is:• a non-profit composed of leaders from every sector of the building industry • working to promote buildings that are environmentally responsible,
The State of
LEED and the USGBC
g p g y pprofitable and healthy places to live and work.
Nearly 19,000 member organizations (10/31/09, USGBC extranet)Network of 72 regional chapters United to advance the USGBC mission of transforming the building
industry to sustainability.
USGBC Chapters
16
LEED…..
LEADERSHIP inENERGY andENVIRONMENTALENVIRONMENTALDESIGN
• 50 states, 13 countries• 4,327 commercial buildings certified overall (9/09)
The State of LEED in the USA [as of 1/1/10, USGBC Extranet]
– LEED v3 – numbers not yet released– LEED-NC v2.2 - 515 (81 in 7/08)– LEED-NC v2.1 - 1011 (713 in 7/08)– LEED-NC v2.0 - 273 (260 in 7/08)– LEED-NC v1.0 - 9 (8 in 7/08)– LEED-EB (all v)- 276 (85 in 7/08)– LEED-CI (all v) - 570 (244 in 7/08)– LEED-CS (all v)- 216 (70 in 7/08)( ) ( )– LEED Retail/Schools (all v)- 165– LEED ND (pilot)- 19
• 26,385 buildings registeredOf note: LEEDv.3 released on April 27, 2009 with integrated systems, regional focus and online entry-no certified buildings to date
17
135 000
The State ofLEED Professional Credentials
Website: www.gbci.org
135,000+2 800+
LEED APs without specialty
Of Note: All project certification and professional credentialing is now done by GBCI
[1/1/2010 from the USGBC extranet]
2,800+
LEEDv3 CATEGORIESMetrics in these categories are assessed in the
LEED Rating System for commercial buildings• Sustainable Sites (SS)• Water Efficiency (WE)• Water Efficiency (WE)• Energy & Atmosphere (EA)• Materials & Resources (MR)• Indoor Environmental Quality (EQ)• Innovation and Design Process (ID)• Regional Priority (RP) [NEW]g y ( ) [ ]• Certification Levels
• Certified 40-49 points• Silver 50-59 points• Gold 60-79 points• Platinum 80-110 points
http://www.usgbc.org/ShowFile.aspx?DocumentID=5546
18
LEED RATING SYSTEMS• LEED-NC (New Construction)
– Schools, Retail, HealthcareLEED EB (E i ti B ildi O ti &• LEED-EB (Existing Building: Operations & Maintenance or Version 2.0; Existing Schools)
• LEED-CS (Core & Shell)• LEED-CI (Commercial Interiors and Retail
Interiors)• LEED-ND (Neighborhood Development)
LEED fo Homes• LEED for Homes
Target Finder• Set energy performance
target• Appropriate for early project discussions
• Compare design energy to target• Based on actual performance data
• DOE-CBECS (Commercial Building Energy Consumption Survey -Consumption Survey http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs/)
• Normalizes factors that affect energy use intensity• Target Finder
http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=new_bldg_design.bus_target_finder
19
Portfolio ManagerEPA's system for helping you track and improve energy efficiency across your entire portfolio of buildings.
https://www.energystar.gov/istar/pmpam/
Advancing Renewable Energy for a Sustainable Economy
An Overview of GB Policy and Practice in NC
NC Solar Center
20
The NC Solar Center hosts DSIRE - a comprehensive national source of information on state, local, and utility incentives that promote renewables and energy efficiency
Federal Policies for Green Building• Energy Efficiency
– HVAC– Lighting – Water
• Renewable Energy– Photovoltaics– Solar Thermal
G th l– Geothermal– Fuel Cells– Wind– Microturbines
21
Federal Energy Efficiency Tax Credit• Available: January 2006-December 2008, renewed to
extend to 12/31/2013extend to 12/31/2013• Eligible Technologies: HVAC, water and lighting
costs are less than baseline and are achieved using upgrades to building envelope, HVAC and interior lighting
• Baseline: ASHRAE 90.1-2001• Amount:
– $1 80/sf new and renovated-50%;$1.80/sf new and renovated 50%; – $0.60 for 16 2/3%; – $0.30-0.60 for lighting upgrades reducing light levels as
specified• Website: http://www.efficientbuildings.org/
Federal Update!!!
• The Energy Improvement and Extension Act of 2008 (The Bailout Bill)Extended EE for 2009
• The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (The Stimulus Bill)( )Lots of programs and grant money for RE, EE and GB
• www.ncrecovery.gov• www.recovery.gov
22
National Green Building Programs distribution in NC 1/10
Green Globes®
• Certified Buildings: 0• In process – Pullen Baptist Church anecdotally• In process Pullen Baptist Church, anecdotally• Rating system-on line, verification available but not required
LEED (as of 1/10/10, www.gbci.org)• 3575+ LEED Accredited Professionals in NC
– Green Associates - 132– Building Design & Construction (BD&C) – 402– LEED AP without Specialty - 3430– LEED AP without Specialty - 3430
• 690 (261 as of 7/08; 155 as of 9/07) Registered Projects (Does not include private projects which are not available for viewing)
• 126 (31 as of 7/08; 18 as of 9/07) Labeled Projects• Online rating system• Regional Credits• Local Chapters
The State of Commercial Green Building Groups in North Carolina
• USGBC Chapters– Triangle (Raleigh/Durham) – Charlotte– Triad (Greensboro-Winston Salem)
• Various Independent Groups– Cape Fear Green Building Alliance– Western NC Green Building Council
Website: www.usgbc.org and look up Chapters
Websites: www.cfgba.org and www.wncgbc.org
23
1. Butner FCI #3 – Butner2. Addition to Carrington Hall School of Nursing – Chapel Hill3. Carrboro High School -- Carrboro4. Cherokee Investment Partners head Office-Raleigh
List of LEED Certified Projects –Triangleas of 7/19/08
g5. Credit Suisse RTP Center of Excellence-RTP6. Duke University-Kilgo Dormitory Renovation II – Durham 7. Duke University-Kilgo Dormitory Renovation III – Durham8. Duke University- Center for Interdiscpl. Engineering – Durham9. Duke University-Medical Science Research Center – Durham10. Duke University-Home Depot Smart Home -- Durham11. Duke University-Smith Warehouse – Durham12. Duke University-School of Law Addition – Durham13 D k U i it F h F il S i C t D h13. Duke University-French Family Science Center -- Durham14. Durham County Library-North Regional B – Durham15. Durham County Library-East Regional BR – Durham16. EPA National Computer Center – Morrisville (Wake)17. First Environments Early Learning Center– RTP18. SBI Project 2020E-Phase 2 – RTP19. Triangle Wastewater Treatment Plant – Durham
1. Bank of America CC Pilot 19 & 21 – Charlotte
List of other LEED Certified Projects in NCas of 7/19/08
2. Bank of America-My Work-Huntersville3. Bank of America-525-Charlotte4. Bank of America-South Campus, Floor 3-Charlotte 5. Bull Ridge-Liberty Trust-Greensboro6. Choate Construction Company-Charlotte7. Third Creek Elementary School – Statesville8 ImaginOn: The Joe and Joan Martin Center Charlotte8. ImaginOn: The Joe and Joan Martin Center – Charlotte 9. Fire Crash Rescue Station – Goldsboro (Triangle USGBC area)
10. The John James Audubon Lodge & Camp – Charlotte11. Orr Admission and College Relations Buil – Swannanoa12. Weaver Cooke Building – Greensboro (Piedmont Triad area)
24
Policy and Green Buildings in NC 7/2008
• 39 cities have signed onto the US Conference of Mayor’s Climate Protection Agreement: Asheville, Bethania, BlackClimate Protection Agreement: Asheville, Bethania, Black Mountain, Bethania, Boone, Brevard, Burlington, Carrboro, Cary, Chapel Hill, Cherryville, Chimney Rock, Clyde, Concord, Davidson, Durham, Flat Rock, Gastonia, Greensboro, Greenville, Highlands, Indian Trail, Kings Mountain, Lewisville, Lincolnton, New Bern, Oak City, Pilot Mountain, Pleasant Garden, Raleigh, Rocky Mount, Salisbury, Snow Hill, Surf City, Tryon, Village of Bald Head Island, Wake Forest,
il i i lWilmington, Winston Salem
• 11 USGBC members in NC local government: Chapel Hill, Charlotte, Durham (2), Greensboro, Raleigh, Winston-Salem; Buncombe, Mecklenburg and Orange counties; Wake County Schools
Energy Improvement Loan Program
• Administered by the State Energy Office• Administered by the State Energy Office• Loans up $500,000 available to businesses, local governments, public
schools, community colleges, and nonprofit organizations • 1% interest rate for renewables; 3% interest rate for energy efficiency;
10-year maximum term • In order to qualify for the EILP, a project must (1) be located in North
Carolina; (2) demonstrate energy efficiency, use of renewable-energy resources energy cost savings or reduced energy demand; (3) useresources, energy cost savings or reduced energy demand; (3) use existing, reliable, commercially-available technologies; (4) meet federal and state air and water-quality standards; and (5) be able to recover capital costs within the loan's maximum term of 10 years through energy cost savings.
25
North Carolina Renewable Energy Tax Credits
• Tax credit equal to 35% of the cost of renewable energy property constructedrenewable energy property constructed, purchased, or leased by a taxpayer.
• Eligible costs include:– Equipment and associated design– Construction costs– Installation costs– Less any discounts, rebates, advertising, etc
2 5 illi d ll• 2.5 million dollar cap• May not exceed 50% of tax liability, 5 equal
installments
NC RE tax credit at 35%!
• Daylighting (commercial only)• Passive Solar Space Heating (residential only)
North Carolina Renewable Energy Tax Credits
• Passive Solar Space Heating (residential only)• Domestic Solar Hot Water System (and
pool heating)• Combined Active Space and Domestic Hot
Water System• PhotovoltaicsPhotovoltaics• Biomass, biofuels• Wind• Hydroelectric
26
Non-Profit Eligibility?
• SB 3 of 2007 amended North Carolina's renewable energy tax credit statute to allow a taxpayer who donates money to a tax-exempt nonprofit to help fund a renewable energy project to claim a tax credit. The donor can claim a share of the credit -- proportional to the project costs donated -- that the nonprofit could claim if the organization were subject to tax HB 2436 of 2008 applied this same mechanism totax. HB 2436 of 2008 applied this same mechanism to donations made to units of state and local governments.
NC GreenPower• Pays a premium to RE y p
generators for their “Renewable Energy Credits” (RECs), also called “green tags”
• $0 15/kWh for small• $0.15/kWh for small solar
• $0.06/kWh for small wind
27
• Energy Conservation in State Buildings
Policy and Green Buildings in NC 2007
Energy Conservation in State Buildings(S.L. 2007-546) aka SB 668: 30% EE, 20% water and some existing building changes with funds
• Promote Renewable Energy/Base load Generation (S.L. 2007-397) awaiting signature, includes renewable energy and ene g efficienc p od ction le elenergy efficiency production level requirements for public utilities governed by the Utilities Commission. (This type of bill is often referred to as a RPS but this one includes energy efficiency, so it has also been referred to as a REEPS)
Energy Standards for Public Buildings
CT:
October 2008
District of Columbia
DE:
NH:
CT:
MD:
MA:
DC:
Procurement requirements for energy efficient equipment
Specific requirement for renewable energy installations
Energy Reduction Goal
Green Bldg Standard for New Construction
Energy Reduction Goal and Green Bldg Standard
28
Renewables Portfolio Standards (March 2009)
MN: 25% by 2025(Xcel: 30% by 2020)
ME: 30% by 200010% by 2017 - new RE
VT: (1) RE meets any increase in retail sales by 2012;
(2) 20% RE & CHP by 2017☼ NH: 23 8% in 2025*WA: 15% by 2020
☼ PA: 18%** by 2020
☼ NJ: 22.5% by 2021
CT: 23% by 2020
WI: requirement varies by utility; 10% by 2015 goal
IA: 105 MW
☼ AZ: 15% by 2025
CA: 20% by 2010
☼ *NV: 20% by 2015
RI: 16% by 2020
☼ CO: 20% by 2020 (IOUs)*10% by 2020 (co-ops & large munis)
☼ DC: 20% by 2020
☼ NY: 24% by 2013
MT: 15% by 2015
IL: 25% by 2025
☼ MD: 20% by 2022
☼ NH: 23.8% in 2025
OR: 25% by 2025 (large utilities)5% - 10% by 2025 (smaller utilities)
☼ *DE: 20% by 2019☼ NC: 12.5% by 2021 (IOUs)
10% by 2018 (co-ops & munis)
ND: 10% by 2015
SD: 10% by 2015
*UT: 20% by 2025☼ OH: 25%** by 2025
*MI: 10% + 1,100 MW by 2015
☼ MA: 15% by 2020+ 1% annual increase(Class I Renewables)
☼ MO: 15% by 2021
y
State Goal
TX: 5,880 MW by 2015
State RPSSolar hot water eligible
☼ Minimum solar or customer-sited RE requirement* Increased credit for solar or customer-sited RE** Includes separate tier of non-renewable “alternative” energy resources
HI: 20% by 2020
☼ DC: 20% by 2020*VA: 12% by 2022
☼ NM: 20% by 2020 (IOUs)10% by 2020 (co-ops)
28 states have an RPS;
5 states have an RE goal
• Local Permit Fee Reductions (S.L. 2007-381, SB 581) allows local governments to reduce
Policy and Green Buildings in NC 2007
SB 581) allows local governments to reduce permit fees for LEED or GBI
• Solar Access Bill (S. L. 2007-279) focused on allowing solar installation rights for consumers in residential applications
• Local Energy Efficiency Incentives (S L 2007• Local Energy Efficiency Incentives (S. L. 2007-241), allows the Town of Chapel Hill and Asheville to provide development incentives in exchange for specific energy conservation measures.
29
Solar Access Laws
• 14 states limit or prohibit restrictions that neighborhood covenants and/or local ordinancesmay impose on the use of solar-energy systems.
(Solar easements allow for the rights to existing solar access on the part of one property owner to be secured from another property owner whose property could be developed in such a way as to restrict the solar resource. Transferred with property title. Most states allow these.)
• State Budget (S. L. 2007-323) included the
Policy and Green Buildings in NC 2007
State Budget (S. L. 2007 323) included the establishment of the NC Green Business Fund($1 million) to promote small North Carolina businesses and funding for State Energy Office and University Energy Research Centers– Increased with Stimulus funding
• Budget also included some requirements for 20% pervious paving for state funded buildings.
30
• Development Incentives for reductions in (S L 2008 22 SB 1597) A li bl
Policy and Green Buildings in NC 2008
energy use (S.L. 2008-22, SB 1597) Applicable to: Cabarrus County, the Cities of Asheville, Charlotte, Concord, Durham, Kannapolis, Locust, and Wilmington, and to the Towns of .Carrboro, Cary, Chapel Hill, Harrisburg, Midland, Mount Pleasant, and Stanfield
• Coastal stormwater-water quality (S.L. 2008 ( t t t h t d th2008- (not yet, appears to have not passed the house), SB1967) non-residential buildings larger than 10,000 sf or subject to CAMA and all residential buildings disturbing more than one acre. Affects 20 counties in the state.
Policy and Green Buildings in NC 8/2009• Net Metering: Although NC has Net Metering, there are a few issues including:
REC Treatment [Utility gets RECs if customer is not on a TOU rate]
Treatment of net excess generation
According to “Freeing the Grid”, 2008
Treatment of net excess generation [monthly rollover, but granted to utility at beginning of summer billing season]
Only Investor-owned utilities are required to provide [no munis or co-ops]
• Interconnection: NC’s Interconnection standards are more evolved. Suggested improvements:
Prohibit additional insurance requirements
Prohibit redundant disconnect switching
Expand to all utilities
31
A Brief History of Art and Science:Towards a Sustainable Building Ethic
NC Solar Center
Ancient History-Greek-Olynthus-432 BC-rows built far enough apart to allow equal solar access
From the University of Oregon collection
32
Ancient History-Various
Japan
Africa
Italy
Pre-America-Sinagua-N. Arizona-1200-1400 AD
33
Mississippian Culture-pre-America (Parkin Mound, AK)-900 AD to 1500 AD
Pre-America-Cherokee contraction-wigwam (E and SE)-wattle & daub (E and SE)
34
Revolutionary America-1771Monticello VAMonticello, VA
The Industrial Revolution starts-1850-1915W i i ht LS 1890-Wainwright-LS-1890
35
The Automobile-invades-1908 HF changes the world-NJ farmland loss-MI highway tangle
Air Conditioning-1890-1921 Carrier
1832
2005
36
1930’s---Falling Water—PA1940’s—Rose Elementary-AZ
• Libbey Owens Corning publishes “Your Solar• Libbey Owens Corning publishes Your Solar Home” due to demand for passive solar-1947
1950’s-Seagrams Building-NY
1960’s-Salk Institute-CA
37
1990’s-2000-US
California-2003-Platinum
Vermont-2003-certified
2000’s-North Carolina
Wildlife Resources Commission Bldg-NCSU Centennial Campus-2005
38
LEED-North Carolina
EPA Computing Center-EPA, Morrisville-2002-Silver
Third Creek Elementary School-Iredell County Schools, Statesville-2002-Gold
LEED-North Carolina
French Family Science Center-Duke University, Durham-2007
Weaver Cooke Headquarters-Greensboro-2007-Gold
-Silver
39
Photo: Alicia Ravetto website
Durham County Library-County of Durham, Durham-2007-Silver
Photo: HolzmanMossImaginOn-Public Library, Charlotte
LEED-North Carolina
-2006-Silver
Advancing Renewable Energy for a Sustainable Economy
CASE STUDY: RAFI Building, Pittsboro, NC
NC Solar Center
40
RAFI-USA statistics
RAFI i th t US i ti th t l• RAFI is a southeastern US organization that also works internationally
• Located in Pittsboro on 2.8 acres• Completed in 2001, Energy Star for Commercial• 5100 sf
Annual 150 tons in reduction of carbon dioxide
Advancing Renewable Energy for a Sustainable Economy
• Annual 150 tons in reduction of carbon dioxide• $150/sf construction ($765,000)• Operating costs of $3,060 annually ($0.6/sf)• Local Architect, Alicia Ravetto
RAFI Features• Deconstruction-they originally tried to have the home
moved offsitemoved offsite• Reuse of deconstructed material in the new building
– Brick-2500 handmade– Heart Pine flooring– Foundation stones for landscaping– Wood Trims from ceiling joists– Beams– Cost was similar to costs for demolition
Advancing Renewable Energy for a Sustainable Economy
• Recycling of construction debris– 15 tons of wood mulch– App. 3.5 tons of metal– Broken brick/concrete crushed as rubble for site fill needed– Doors and Windows sent forward for resale– Only 25 tons of waste dumped in the landfill
41
Original Building
Deconstruction
42
RAFI Features• SiteSite
– Minimize storm water runoff– Pervious pavement (gravel)
• Energy Efficiency-50% cooling reduction– Insulation– HVAC efficiency
Advancing Renewable Energy for a Sustainable Economy
– Low e glazing– Controls to reduce mechanical conditioning use– Building Site considerations – Radiant Barrier installed
RAFI Features• Passive Solar Heating in an office
ttisetting– Orientation– Thermal Mass– Low e glazing with high SHGC– Proper overhangs– Passive cooling issues
Advancing Renewable Energy for a Sustainable Economy
g
• Daylighting– No glare– lighting load reduction by 70%– Achieved view for 90% of occupants
43
Sections
http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseaction=labeled_buildings.showProfile&profile_id=2028
Advancing Renewable Energy for a Sustainable Economy
Advancing Renewable Energy for a Sustainable Economy
44
RAFI Features• IAQQ
– Operable windows– Air filtering system
• Materials– Acoustical ceiling tile is recycled– Local material use
Advancing Renewable Energy for a Sustainable Economy
Local material use– Low VOC paints and flooring– Maintenance Plan for low toxicity cleaning– Metal roofing
Conference Room Daylighting Baffles
Advancing Renewable Energy for a Sustainable Economy
45
LEED-EB CATEGORIESMetrics in these categories are assessed in the
LEED Rating System for commercial buildings
• Sustainable Sites• Water Efficiency• Energy & Atmosphere• Materials & Resources• Indoor Environmental Quality• Innovation in Operations• Innovation in Operations
Legislative BuildingQuick Estimate of Potential Credits
• Sustainable Sites-2, 3, 6, 7, 8 – 6 pts• Water Efficiency-1 through 4 – 4 to 6 pts• Energy & Atmosphere-1 through 6 – 10 to 24 pts• Materials & Resources-1 through 9 – 6 to 10 pts• Indoor Environmental Quality-1 through 3 – 9 to 18 pts• Innovation in Operations-1 through 3 – 4 to 7 pts
Estimates: Basic Certification – 39 or CertifiedHighest potential Certification - 70 or Platinum
46
Legislative BuildingPotential Credit• Sustainable Sites – Credit 7.2 -- 1 point
Heat Island Reduction-Roof
Legislative BuildingPotential Credit• Water Efficiency – Credit 3.2 – 2 points
75% reduction in potable water for irrigation
47
Legislative BuildingPotential Credit• Energy & Atmosphere- Credit 1– 5 points
Optimize Energy – 25%
Legislative BuildingPotential Credit• Materials & Resources- Credit 7.1 – 1 point
Solid Waste Management-Ongoing Consumables
48
Legislative BuildingPotential Credit• Indoor Enviromental Quality- Credit 3.1 – 1 point
Green Cleaning: High Performance Cleaning Program
ResourcesCommercial
49
• Commercial Construction Tools
– Third Party certification• USGBC ----LEED NC, CI, EB
– www usgbc org– www.usgbc.org– www.gbci.org
• Green Building Initiative– www.thegbi.org
• Energy Star– www.energystar.gov
– GuidelinesGuidelines• LEED Application Guides-Schools, Campuses, Hospitals• Whole Building Design Guidelines
– www.wbdg.org• High Performance Buildings Guidelines
– http://www.tjcog.dst.nc.us/downloads.htm#grbuild
• Commercial Construction Tools
– Online Software and Tools:• Target Finder (Free)
http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=new_bldg_design.bus_target_finder
• Sustainable Buildings Industry CouncilSustainable Buildings Industry Councilhttp://www.buildingmedia.com/sbic/
• Rebuild America-K-12, universities, government and other building types
http://www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/energysmartschools/• Maintenance and Energy Reduction Strategies
http://www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/energysmartschools/o-and-m_guide.html
• NYSERDA-Online Traininghttp://www.nyserda.org/hps/default.asp
• Collaborative for High Performance Schools-Best Practices Manualhttp://www.chps.net/
• EERE free and paid software and tools- Building Energy Software Tools Directory
http://www.eere.energy.gov/buildings/tools_directory/
50
Website for locating Energy Analysis Programs•EERE-Software tool Directory from DOE
•http://www eere energy gov/buildings/tools dir•http://www.eere.energy.gov/buildings/tools_directory/
• Commercial Construction Tools
– Databases and Collections • North Carolina Green Building Database
– www ncgreenbuilding org– www.ncgreenbuilding.org• Directory of Professionals
– www.greenprofessionals.org• High Performance buildings Database
– http://www.eere.energy.gov/buildings/database/partnering.cfm
• Minnesota Building Materials Database– http://www.buildingmaterials.umn.edu/
• Western North Carolina Green Building Council– http://www.wncgbc.org/publications/directories.php
51
Solar Center Contact InformationPassive Solar and Commercial Green Buildings:
[email protected] Green Programs:Residential Green Programs:
[email protected] [LEED][email protected] [HBH]
Building [email protected]
Solar Thermal/Energy [email protected]
Photovoltaics, Wind, Biomass
Advancing Renewable Energy for a Sustainable Economy
[email protected] Energy Diploma Series
www.ncsc.ncsu.edu
Thank you for your time!
iQuestions
This concludes the American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems Program
Advancing Renewable Energy for a Sustainable Economy
The North Carolina Solar Center www.ncsc.ncsu.edu