neda region iv-a...republic of the philippines regional development council region iv-a (calabarzon)...

Republic of the Philippines

Regional Development Council Region IV-A (Calabarzon)

4/F 2560 Marcelita Building, National Highway, Barangay Real, Calamba City, Laguna 4027

Telefax. 049 545-7756 | 049 545-0091 ● E-mail. [email protected]

http://calabarzon.neda.gov.ph/

RDC RESOLUTION NO. IV-A-112-2016

“APPROVING THE 2015 CALABARZON REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT REPORT”

WHEREAS, the 2015 Regional Development Report (RDR) is an annual assessment of the

implementation of the objectives and targets of the Calabarzon Regional Development Plan (RDP) 2010-2016;

WHEREAS, the 2015 RDR highlights the performance of key sectors namely

macroeconomy, agriculture and fisheries, industry and services, infrastructure, financial, social, environment and governance;

WHEREAS, consultation workshops were conducted with the regional line agencies to

validate the sectoral assessment and the draft RDR was presented to the RDC Sectoral Committees for their comments;

WHEREAS, the chapters of the 2015 RDR were reviewed and endorsed by the Sectoral

Committees during their meetings on 9 August to 12 August; WHEREAS, the comments and recommendations of the Sectoral Committees were

incorporated in the RDR; WHEREAS, the 2015 RDR will serve as basis for the preparation of the RDP 2017-2022; NOW THEREFORE, on motion duly seconded, BE IT RESOLVED, AS IT IS HEREBY

RESOLVED, to approve the 2015 Regional Development Report; RESOLVED FURTHER, to provide all RDC members, research institutions and development

partners with copies of the 2015 RDR. SIGNED, this 1st day of September 2016 at Tandang Sora Hall, TESDA Women’s Center,

Taguig City.

Certified Correct:

GINA T. GACUSAN

RDC Secretary Attested by:

LUIS G. BANUA RDC Vice-Chairperson

| i

The Calabarzon Regional Development Report (RDR) is

an annual assessment of the socio-economic

performance of the region based on targets of the

Regional Development Plan (RDP). While the report

starts with macroeconomy, it focuses on agriculture and

fisheries, industry and services, infrastructure, finance,

social development, environment and good governance.

The RDR highlights the outcomes of the key sectors and explains how these results

were attained with the implementation of strategic programs and projects in the region.

Each chapter ends with the challenges and prospects of the sector.

The NEDA Region IV-A, as the Regional Development Council (RDC) Secretariat,

spearheaded the preparation of the RDR. Each chapter was validated and enhanced

through various consultation workshops and sectoral review by the RDC members.

The RDR steers Calabarzon towards the achievement of the goals set in the RDP,

outlines Calabarzon development prospects and guides the region on how to improve

its performance in the coming years. With a proactive RDC and its members, the region

shall continuously encourage boosting the gains made in 2015 and direct its efforts

towards inclusive growth and sustainable development.

LUIS G. BANUA

Vice-Chairperson

Calabarzon Regional Development Council

ii

Foreword i

Table of Contents ii

List of Tables and Figures iii

List of Acronyms vi

Executive Summary x

Chapter I: In Pursuit of Inclusive Growth 1

Chapter II: Macroeconomy 4

Chapter III: Competitive Industry and Services Sector 8

Chapter IV: Competitive and Sustainable Agriculture and Fisheries Sector 18

Chapter V: Accelerating Infrastructure Development 28

Chapter VI: Towards a Resilient and Inclusive and Financial System 41

Chapter VII: Good Governance and rule of Law 48

Chapter VIII: Social Development 53

Chapter IX: Peace and Security 62

Chapter X: Conservation, Protection and Rehabilitation of the

Environment and Natural Resources

66

Credits 74

iii

Table 2.1 Gross Regional Domestic Product (in P ‘000), Calabarzon: 2012 to 2015 4

Table 2.2 Gross Regional Domestic Product Growth Rate, 2013 to 2015, in percent 4

Table 2.3 Poverty Incidence Among Population, 2009 to 2015, in percent 6

Table 2.4 Poverty Incidence in the Provinces, 2009 to 2015, in percent 6

Table 2.5 Labor Force Participation, 2014 to 2015 6

Table 2.6 Employment, 2014 to 2015, in percent 7

Figure 3.1 2015 GRDP Composition 8

Table 3.1 Gross regional domestic product in the industry sector (at constant prices),

Calabarzon: 2014 to 2015

9

Table 3.2 Gross regional domestic product in the services sector (at constant prices),


9

Table 3.3 Employment generated in industry and services sectors, Calabarzon: 2012 to 2015 10

Figure 3.2 Employment generated and growth rate in economic zones, 2012 to 2015 11

Table 3.4 Employment generated from MSMEs assisted by DTI and DOST: 2013

to 2015

11

Table 3.5 Business Name Registration by Province, Calabarzon: 2014 to 2015 12

Figure 3.3 Consumer Price Index, Calabarzon: 2012 to 2015 13

Table 3.6 Industry and services productivity in PEZA-managed economic zones: 2012

to 2015

13

Table 3.7 DTI and DOST assisted MSMEs, Calabarzon: 2013 to 2015 14

Figure 3.4 Value & growth rate of domestic sales of DTI-assisted MSMEs, 2013 to 2015 14

Table 3.8 Domestic sales of DTI assisted MSMEs, Calabarzon: 2013 to 2015 15

Table 3.9 Calabarzon Tourist Arrivals, 2014 and 2015 15

Table 3.10 Protection of Consumer Welfare, Calabarzon: 2012 to 2015 17

Table 4.1 Gross Regional Domestic Product in Agriculture, Hunting, Fishery and Forestry

Sector, Calabarzon: 2014 to 2015

18

Table 4.2 Value of Production in Agriculture, Hunting, Fishery and Forestry Sector,


19

Table 4.3 Calabarzon Rice Self-Sufficiency Ratio in percent, 2014 to 2015 19

Table 4.4 Average Inflation Rates among basic commodities (in Percent), Calabarzon 20

Table 4.5 Rice and Corn Volume of Production (in MT), Calabarzon: 2014 to 2015 20

Table 4.6 Rice and Corn Yield (in MT/Ha), Calabarzon: 2014 to 2015 21

Table 4.7 High Value Crops Volume of Production (in MT), Calabarzon: 2014 to 2015 22

Table 4.8 Yield of Selected High Value Crops (in MT/Ha), Calabarzon: 2014 to 2015 23

Table 4.9 Volume of Livestock Production (in MT), Calabarzon: 2014 to 2015 23

iv

Table 4.10 Volume of Poultry Production (in MT), Calabarzon: 2014 to 2015 24

Table 4.11 Volume of Fisheries Production (in MT), Calabarzon: 2014 to 2015 24

Table 4.12 Number of Employed in Agriculture (in thousand persons),Calabarzon 25

Figure 5.1 Paved National Roads, 2014 & 2015 28

Figure 5.2 Calabarzon National Road Condition, 2014 & 2015 28

Figure 5.3 Calabarzon National Bridges, 2014 & 2015 29

Table 5.1 Combined Throughput of Batangas and Lucena Ports, Calabarzon:

2014-2015

30

Table 5.2 Throughput Performance of Batangas Port 30

Table 5.3 Throughput Performance of Lucena Port 31

Table 5.4 Status of Household Electrification Regionwide, 2014 and 2015 32

Table 5.5 Status of Electrification by Province, 2014-2015 32

Table 5.6 Performance of New and Rehabilitated Irrigation Systems, 2014 and 2015 33

Table 5.7 New Irrigations Systems by Province, 2014 and 2015 33

Table 5.8 Rehabilitated and Improved Irrigation Systems by Province, 2014 and 2015 33

Table 5.9 Committed Power Projects in Calabarzon 34

Table 5.10 Service Connection and Production Performance of Water Districts by Province,

2014 and 2015

35

Table 5.11 School Infrastructure Performance (2014-2015), Calabarzon 37

Table 5.12 No. of Government and Private Hospitals, Authorized Bed Capacity, 2015 38

Table 5.13 HFEP Implementation, 2014-2015 39

Table 6.1 Number of Offices by Type of Bank, Calabarzon: 2012-2015 41

Table 6.2 Number of Banks in Calabarzon by Type, by Province, 2014-2015 42

Table 6.3 Bank Density Ratio in Calabarzon, 2014-2015 42

Table 6.4 Number of Automated Teller Machines (ATMs), 2012-2015 43

Table 6.5 Number of ATMs in Calabarzon by Type, by Province, 2014-2015 43

Table 6.6 Deposit Liabilities of Banks in Calabarzon by Province (in Million Pesos),

2014-2015

43

Table 6.7 Loan Portfolio of Banks in Calabarzon by Province (in Million Pesos),

2014-2015

44

Table 6.8 Loan to Deposit Ratio by Province, 2014-2015 44

Table 6.9 Number of Registered Cooperatives Per Year/Type: 2009-2015 45

Table 6.10 Number of Registered Cooperatives: 2012-2015 45

Table 6.11 Total Cooperative Assets Based on Encoded AFS (in billion pesos) 46

Table 6.12 Number of Microfinance-Oriented Offices by Province, 2014-2015 46

v

Table 6.13 Revenue Type, Actual Collections, Calabarzon 2013-2015 (in million pesos) 47

Table 6.14 Revenue Type, Targets, Accomplishments, Calabarzon 2013-2015

(in million pesos)

47

Table 7.1 Ranking of Calabarzon LGUs in the 2015 Cities and Municipalities

Competitiveness Index

48

Figure 8.1 Infant and under five mortality rate per 1,000 live births, 2012-2015 53

Figure 8.2 Net enrollment ratio in kindergarten, elementary and secondary, 2012-2014 55

Figure 8.3 Achievement rate in elementary and secondary, 2012-2014 56

Figure 8.4 Number of persons assessed and certified, 2012-2015 57

Figure 8.5 Hectares of land distributed under CARP, 2013-2015 60

Figure 9.1 Quezon Small Area Poverty Estimates, 2012 62

Figure 9.2 Comparative Crime Volume, Calabarzon 2014-2015 63

Figure 9.3 Distribution of Index Crimes from PNP Blotter, Calabarzon, 2015 64

Table 10.1 Management of forest resources and protected areas in Calabarzon, 2012 to 2015 66

Table 10.2 Secured land tenure in agricultural A&D and residential lands, 2012 to 2015 67

Table 10.3 Impacts of disasters and LGUs with approved DRRM Plans, 2012-2015 68

Table 10.4 Solid Waste Management in Calabarzon, 2012 to 2015 69

Table 10.5 Water Quality and Management of Laguna de Bay, 2012 to 2015 70

Table 10.6 Water Quality of Taal Lake, 2012 to 2014 70

vi

AHFF Agriculture, Hunting, Fisheries and Forestry

A&F Agriculture & Fisheries

AFP Armed Forces of the Philippines

ALS Alternative Learning System

ARTA-RCS Annual Anti-Red Tape Act Report Card Survey

ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations

ATM Automated Teller Machine

BOD Biochemical Oxygen Demand

BPLS Business Permit Licensing System

BT Business Tax

BuB Bottom-up Budgeting

CACOPMAI Candelaria Coconut and other Products Manufacturers Association, Inc.

CARP Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program

CCA Climate Change Adaptation

CDD Community Driven Development Program

CHR Cohort Survival Rate

CLIP Comprehensive Local Integration Program

CLUP Comprehensive Land Use Program

CMCI Cities and Municipalities Competitiveness Index

CMTS Cellular Mobile Telephone System

COE Center of Excellence

COD Center of Development

CPT Cleaner Production Technology

CR Completion Rate

CWWTL Cavite Waste Water Treatment Laboratory

CY Calendar Year

DATBED DOST-Academe-Technology-based Enterprise Development

DO Dissolved Oxygen

EBEIS Enhanced Basic Education Information System

EE Economic Enterprise

vii

ELA Executive and Legislative Agenda

ESGPPA Expanded Student Grant-in-Aid Program for Poverty Alleviation

FC Fees and Charges

GMP Good Manufacturing Practices

GOCCs Government-owned and controlled corporations

GRDP Gross Regional Domestic Product

HACCP Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point

HFEP Health Facility Enhancement Project

ICT Information, Communication and Technology

IDD Ideation, Design and Development

IHBSS HIV/AIDS Behavioral and Serological Survey

KALAHI-

CIDSS

Kapit-Bisig Laban sa Kahirapan - Comprehensive Integrated Delivery of Social

Services

KAMATA Kababaihang Mangingisda at Maghahalaman ng Talim

KP Katarungang Pambarangay

LAD Land Acquisition and Distribution

LEA Law Enforcement Agencies

LGUs Local Government Units

LRT Light Rail Transit

LTIA Lupon Tagapamayapa Incentives and Awards

MDG Millennium Development Goals

MPEX Manufacturing Productivity Extension Program

MRF Material Recovery Facilities

MSMED Micro, Small and Medium Enterprise Development

MSMEs Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises

NCC National Competitiveness Council

NEC National Epidemiology Center

NER Net Enrollment Rate

NGA National Government Agencies

NGP National Greening Program

NHTS-PR National Household Targeting System for Poverty Reduction

NICCEP National Industry Clustering Enhancement Program

OF Overseas Filipinos

viii

PAMANA Payapa at Masaganang Pamayanan

PCC Philippine Carabao Center

PCF Performance Challenge Fund

PDPFP Provincial Development and Physical Framework Plan

PESFA Private Education Student Financial Assistance

PPAs Programs, Projects, and Activities

PRDC Packaging Research and Development Center

PSIP PPP School Infrastructure Projects

PTAs Parents and Teachers’ Associations

RA Republic Act

RCC Regional Competitive Committee

RDC Regional Development Council

RDP Regional Development Plan

RLAs Regional Line Agencies

RML Regional Metrology Laboratory

RPT Real Property Tax

RSTL Regional Standards and Testing Laboratory

RVCL Regional Volumetric and Calibration Laboratory

SETUP Small Enterprise Technology Program

SGH Seal of Good Housekeeping

SGLG Seal of Good Local Governance

SIPAG Sustaining Interventions for Poverty Alleviations and Governance

SLEX South Luzon Expressway

SLF Sanitary Landfill

SLP Sustainable Livelihood Program

SMERA Small and Medium Enterprises Roving Academy

SMEs Small and Medium Enterprises

SP Sanguniang Panlalawigan

SPMS Strategic Performance Management System

SSF Shared Service Facility

STAR Southern Tagalog Arterial Road

STEP Special Training for Employment Program

ix

STuFAP Student Financial Assistance Program

TACs Tourist Assistance Centers

TAPI Technology Application and Promotion Institute

TCV Total Crime Volume

TEU Twenty-foot Equivalent Units

TPSC Tanauan Packaging Service Center

TVET Technical Vocational Education and Training

TWSP Training for Work Scholarship Program

UCBs Universal and Commercial Banks

4Ps Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program

| x

The region’s economic growth of 5.9 percent in 2015 surpassed the 5.1 percent growth in

2014. However, the targeted growth of 6.2 percent was not met as the agriculture and

services sectors failed to meet their targets and while industry’s growth was within

target, it has slowed down from 6.5 to 5.5 percent.

The industry sector accounted for 61.8 percent of the Calabarzon’s GRDP while

manufacturing accounted for 86.86 percent of the industry’s performance. Hence, the

growth of manufacturing defines the growth of the industry sector and even the GRDP.

The slowdown in the growth rate of the manufacturing sector can be attributed to the

weak demand for electronic products in the international market. While the mining and

quarrying, and construction sub-sectors more than doubled their growth due to increase

in government spending in infrastructure projects and high demand of housing

construction, these were not enough to offset the slower growth of manufacturing.

The services sector which contributed 32.6 percent to the GRDP grew by 7.4 percent in

2015 because of improved productivity of MSMEs, increased tourism receipts, high

demand in real estate, rental and business activities, business process outsourcing,

expanding port operations of Batangas Port and financial services from banks

and cooperatives.

The agriculture and fisheries sector which represented 5.5 percent of the GRDP recovered

from the previous year’s decline and grew by 2.61 percent. Growth was mainly driven by

the livestock and poultry subsectors as demand from institutional buyers increased.

Employment rate slightly improved from 91.8 percent in 2014 to 92 percent in 2015 due

to the accelerated growth in the services sector and employment generation programs of

the government.

Poverty incidence declined from 14.3 percent in 2012 to 13.4 percent in 2015, making

Calabarzon the second region with the lowest poverty incidence.

In terms of health and nutrition, the region attained 7 out of 22 targets. The targets on

improving infant health were achieved due to implementation of new born screening, the

Breast Feeding Act and proper infant care.

In the area of education services, targets on cohort survival rate in elementary and

secondary level were exceeded due to the conditional cash transfer program that helped

keep children in schools.

Efforts to reduce the vulnerability of the region to natural hazards and disasters include

90,659 hectares reforested under the National Greening Program, 142 approved disaster

risk reduction plans for all LGUs, 29 approved solid waste management plans and

decrease in open dumpsites and controlled dump facilities.

| 1

This chapter highlights Calabarzon’s performance in the achievement of

inclusive growth. The region aims to attain inclusive and sustained growth through:

1) high, sustained and inclusive economic growth; 2) provision of equal access to

development opportunities; and 3) delivery of social safety nets.

The growth of the agriculture and fisheries in the region poses the biggest challenge

on inclusive growth as the farmers are among the poorest and most vulnerable sector.

While the demand among institutional buyers propped growth in poultry and

livestock, the crop and fisheries sub-sectors continue to be greatly affected by climate

change. Thus, farmers’ knowledge about climate-smart and market oriented practices

should be enhanced especially in Batangas and Quezon which registered the highest

proportion of households engaged in agriculture and fisheries are.

Despite the sustained GRDP growth, employment, unemployment and

underemployment posted minimal progress from 2013 to 2015. Employment

increased from 91.8 percent in 2014 to 92.0 percent in 2015 while unemployment and

underemployment decreased by 0.3 percent and 0.5 percent, respectively. In-

migration and the presence of top higher education institutions (HEIs) greatly affect

the employment situation of the region. The region attracts jobseekers from all over

the country with the presence of manufacturing and other industries. Students

graduating from Calabarzon HEIs find work in the region. Migration data in 2010

indicate that the region continues to be the most preferred area of migrants with 28

percent long distance movers.

Improvements in the economy resulted in poverty reduction in the region from 14.3

in 2012 to 13.4 in 2015. However, the decline was insufficient to meet the target

poverty incidence among population of 10.6 percent. The growth was also not pro-

poor as shown by the data on subsistence incidence of 4.4 percent (2015) that

decreased only by 0.1 percentage points from the 2009 level. Data also show that the

severity of poverty which measures the inequality among the poor has not improved.

Disparity of poverty situation is also noted among the five provinces of the region

with Quezon province posting the highest with 28.2 percent while Laguna the lowest

with 6.9 percent. Overall, the average rate of decline in poverty incidence for the past

six years was slow. Only Batangas province which ranks second to Quezon in terms of

poverty incidence showed significant decline while Cavite province’s poverty

incidence registered an increase. Quezon’s average rate of poverty decline is only 0.9

percentage points. The small area estimate on poverty also indicates that Quezon has

2 |

the most number of municipalities with poverty incidence greater than the regional

average with 35, followed by Batangas with 14 and Laguna with 8.

Although the region showed improvement in health and nutrition, it has to look into

the maternal mortality rate, prevalence of underweight children, low full

immunization among children, and low contraceptive prevalence. The access and

quality of education also requires attention if all sectors of society are to be given

equal access to development opportunities. Access to basic services and utilities

remains a problem to geographically isolated and depressed areas. Around five

percent of the total households in the region are not served with electricity while the

growth of service coverage of water districts is slow.

The region posted an improvement in peace and security as implied in the decreasing

trend of internal conflict-affected barangays and total crime volume. Some of the

significant factors that contributed to the decrease of conflicts and crimes are Payapa

at Masaganang Pamayanan (PAMANA), Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps),

Bottom-Up-Budgeting (BuB) and Comprehensive Local Integration Program.

The consistent slow growth of agriculture and fisheries remains a major concern as

most of the poor are in the rural areas. Thus, the Regional Development Council

(RDC) created the Anti-Poverty Convergence Technical Working Group to orchestrate

collaboration of efforts of national line agencies, local government units and the

private sector towards poverty alleviation of the 35 identified priority areas. The

priority areas mostly belong to the geographically isolated and depressed areas and

are predominantly agricultural.

The completion of major infrastructure projects like the Quipot Irrigation Project and

the rehabilitation of irrigation facilities are expected to increase crop production

starting 2016. The institutionalization of climate change adaptation and mitigation in

agriculture would decrease its vulnerability to typhoons. Addressing the challenges

will enable Calabarzon to attain the MDGs which has now been expanded into the

Sustainable Development Goals.

Ensuring high employment levels is another challenge for the region considering its

position as an in-migration area. Other related concerns are the quality and

mismatch of the region’s workforce with the jobs available in the region. Jobseekers

from other regions might be more qualified or would better fit the requirements being

offered in the region and thus potentially displacing the region’s own workforce.

Thus, to address the concern, the RDC created the Special Committee on Academe-

Industry Linkage to provide venue for the HEIs and the industries to discuss areas for

collaboration like curriculum development, research and development, on the job

training, among others, to ensure relevance of curricular offerings, better prepare the

graduates and hopefully address the mismatch.

| 3

Center-based facilities restricts the geographically isolated and depressed areas to

avail of the services, thus, alternative modes of delivering services whether economic

or social have to be explored.

Convergence of initiatives to accelerate impact and identifying the specific vulnerable

groups that would find difficulty in being mainstreamed in the development process

and providing the appropriate interventions remains a challenge considering the

absence of a unified tool. The RDC is promoting the adoption of the Community-

Based Monitoring System (CBMS) and the Listahanan of the DSWD as tools for

beneficiary identification to ensure that all vulnerable groups are catered.

4 |

This chapter highlights the overall economic performance of the region and the

factors affecting economic output and growth, employment, and inflation. This

chapter also discusses poverty across the region through time.

The Calabarzon region remained as a major contributor to the national economy with

its 17.2 percent share in the Gross Domestic Product.

The region’s 2015 Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) amounted to P1,303

trillion which is an increase of 5.9 percent from the previous year (Table 2.1). The

industry sector contributed 61.8 percent, while the services and agriculture sector

contributed 32.6 and 5.5 percent, respectively.

Table 2.1

Gross Regional Domestic Product (in P ‘000), Calabarzon: 2012 to 2015 Indicators 2012 2013 12-13

Growth

Rate

2014 13-14

Growth

Rate

2015 14-15

Growth

Rate

GRDP 1,097,789,972 1,170,989,734 6.7 1,230,928,041 5.1 1,303,724,015 5.9

AHFF 68,670,148 71,238,518 3.7 70,279,525 (1.3) 72,132,434 2.6

Industry 675,208,272 717,989,936 6.3 764,364,209 6.5 806,198,717 5.5

Services 353,911,552 381,761,280 7.9 396,284,307 3.8 425,392,864 7.4

Source: PSA

However, in spite of the 5.9 percent growth, the targeted growth of 6.2 percent was

not met due to the low performance in the agriculture and services sectors.

Table 2.2

Gross Regional Domestic Product Growth Rate, 2013 to 2015, in percent

Indicators 2013

2014 2015

Target Actual Target Actual Target Actual

GRDP 5.5-6.5 6.7 5.7-6.7 5.1 6.2-7.2 5.9

AHFF 2.7-3.7 3.7 2.9-3.9 (1.3) 3.0-4.0 2.6

Industry 4.5-5.5 6.3 4.7-5.7 6.5 5.1-6.1 5.5

Services 8.0-9.0 7.9 8.2-9.2 3.8 8.7-9.7 7.4

Source: RSET 2015, PSA-NSCB

| 5

The agriculture sector rebounded from its negative growth rate of 1.3 percent in 2014

to 2.6 percent in 2015, almost achieving the 3.0 percent target for the year despite the

typhoons that hit the region. The positive trend is attributable to improvement in the

production of poultry and livestock, i.e. swine, chicken, cattle production. The fishing

subsector, on the other hand, still posed a negative growth at 6.6 percent due to

limited commercial and municipal fishing operations brought by the prolonged dry

spell in the region.

The industry sector remained to be the growth driver of the region’s economy,

exceeding targets in 2013 and 2014. However, in 2015, the sector slowed down its

growth though still falling within the target. The slower growth of the industry sector

is attributed to the decline in growth rate of the manufacturing sub sector,

particularly in the office, accounting and computing machineries, petroleum and food

manufacturing, which composed 91 percent of the sector’s output and 53.7 percent of

the regional GRDP. Though the mining and quarrying sub-sectors increased in the

production of sand and gravel, this increase was not enough to offset the decelerated

growth of manufacturing.

The services sector’s 3.6 percent increase in its growth rate was due to the 3.4 percent

increase in the growth of the real estate sub-sector which accounts for 46.28 percent

of the services sector. Contributing to the 7.4 percent growth in services output was

the notable 10.2 percent increase in the other services sub-sector which includes

education and health related services, social works activities, entertainment and

recreation, and accommodation and food service activities, among others.

Calabarzon had the largest share of the Philippine population with 13.65 percent. The

region was identified as one of the regions with a relatively high per capita GRDP in

2015. Calabarzon ranked second with a per capita GRDP of P 92,285, preceded by NCR

with P 219,114 per capita GRDP and followed by CAR with P 74,845 per capita GRDP.

The per capita GRDP of the Regions is higher than the Philippine per capita GRDP of

P74,770. The region’s per capita GRDP reflected the sustained economic performance

of the region despite the increase in its population.

Alongside the region’s relatively high per capita GRDP, the region’s poverty situation

improved with a decline from the 14.3 percent poverty incidence in 2012 to 13.4

percent poverty incidence in 2015 which is second to the lowest poverty incidences

among the regions. The poverty incidence of the region is also below the national

poverty incidence of 26.3 percent.

6 |

Table 2.3

Poverty Incidence Among Population, 2009 to 2015, in percent

Indicators 2009 2012 2015

National Poverty Incidence 28.6 27.9 26.3

Calabarzon Poverty Incidence 14.3 14.3 13.4

Subsistence Incidence 4.5 5.4 4.4

Severity of Poverty 0.9 1.1 0.9

Source: PSA Region IV-A

While the regional situation is improving, not all the provinces experienced the same

trend. Cavite’s poverty incidence worsened from 5.5 poverty incidence in 2012 to 11.4

percent in 2014. Among the causes of increasing poverty incidence was resettlement

of informal settlers from the NCR and nearby provinces. Quezon province also

exhibited a high poverty incidence of 28.2 percent which is above the regional and

national poverty incidence of 13.4 and 26.3, respectively (Table 2.3). The relatively

high poverty incidence of the Quezon province may be due to the presence of island

municipalities where government services are difficult to be accessed.

Table 2.4

Poverty Incidence in the Provinces, 2009 to 2015, in percent

Indicators 2009 2012 2015

Cavite 5.2 5.5 11.4

Laguna 9.7 8.5 6.9

Batangas 18.6 23.9 14.6

Rizal 13.3 9.4 10.4

Quezon 30.0 29.2 28.2


The Calabarzon region has the largest potential labor force at 8,576,000 contributing

13.2 percent to the country’s labor force. However, the labor force participation rate

declined from 65.5 in 2014 to 64.5 in 2015. The number of people entering the labor

force fell by 1.5 percent from 2014.

Table 2.5

Labor Force Participation, 2014 to 2015

Indicators Actual

2014 2015

Population 15 years and above (‘000) 8,463 8,576

Labor force participation rate 65.5 64.5

Source: DOLE Region IV-A

The employment situation in the region posed an improvement as reflected in the

increase in the employment rate from 91.8 in 2014 to 92.0 in 2015 and a decrease in

the unemployment rate and underemployment rate (Table 2.6). The region is

expected to attain the target employment rate of 93.9 by 2016.

| 7

Table 2.6

Employment, 2014 to 2015, in percent

Indicators 2014 2015

Target Actual Target Actual

Employment rate 93.9-94.1 91.8 93.9-94.1 92.0

Unemployment rate 8.6 to 9.4 8.2 8.6 to 9.4 8.0

Underemployment rate Less than 17.5 18.7 Less than 17.5 18.2

Source: DOLE Region IV-A

The region posted a decline in its 2015 inflation rate of 0.9 from the previous’ 4.0

percent. This exceeded the target of 4.0 and was the lowest among the regions. The

low inflation rate was attributed to the decline of prices of petroleum products.

Despite the consistent growth of the region’s economy, inclusiveness remains to be

an issue particularly in areas where the agriculture sector remains to be the dominant

income source. Hence, there is a need to balance the opportunities catered in the

region especially in the areas which highly depend on agriculture. Poverty incidence

is highest in the agricultural areas, thus the need for collective and convergence

efforts in these areas to increase agricultural productivity and provide other

alternative livelihood opportunities.

Given the region’s niche in manufacturing, there is also a need to further strengthen

the manufacturing sector and MSMEs. The region must still consider competitiveness

and inclusiveness as a viable development agenda and give greater attention to small

and medium enterprises (SMEs), firm-rich sectors and global value chains. The

region must also provide conducive business environment for global production

networks to prevent them from relocating in other countries. The region can also look

at tourism and MSMEs as source of employment.

The region also initiated the creation of Committees for the academe and industry

linkage through the Regional Development Council (RDC). This will address job-skill

mismatch which is considered as one of the reasons for unemployment and

underemployment. An ad hoc Committee on K to 12 was also created under the RDC

to ensure the readiness of the region in the implementation of K to 12 program. The

ad hoc Committee identifies strategies to cushion the negative effect of

K to 12 implementation.

8 |

This chapter highlights the 2015 performance of the industry and services sectors in

support of the targets and strategies in the updated Regional Development Plan

2011-2016.

Figure 3.1. 2015 GRDP Composition

The industry and services sectors dominate the Calabarzon economy. They contribute

about 94.4 percent of the GRDP. Respectively, the industry sector contributes about

61.8 percent while the services sector contributes about 32.6 percent to the

regional economy.

Growth

Industry sector decelerated. The industry sector grew by 5.5 percent in 2015 lower

than its 6.5 percent growth in 2014 and 2013 growth of 6.3 percent. Total

contribution of the industry sector to the GRDP is PhP806.20 Billion or a share of 61.8

percent. Expansion on all subsectors except the manufacturing sector resulted in the

growth of industry sector but on a slower pace due to decelerated growth of the

manufacturing subsector.

While manufacturing subsector grew by 5.5 percent in 2015, it was lower compared to

7.1 percent growth in 2014 and 6.7 percent growth in 2013. The manufacturing

subsector is the highest contributor to the industry sector and GRDP at 86.86 percent

and 53.71 percent, respectively. On the other hand, the growth of mining and

5.53

61.84

32.63 Agriculture, hunting, forestry andfishing

Industry

Services

| 9

quarrying, construction, and electricity, gas and water supply subsectors accelerated

in 2015.

Table 3.1

Gross regional domestic product in the industry sector (at constant prices),


Sub-sector GRDP (in ‘000) Growth rate (in %)

2014 2015 2013 2014 2015

Industry 763,993,804 806,198,717 6.3 6.5 5.5

Mining and Quarrying 2,287,171 2,696,475 12.0 8.9 17.9

Manufacturing 664,102,978 700,331,220 6.7 7.1 5.5

Construction 57,710,578 60,609,242 8.6 2.1 5.0

Electricity, Gas and Water Supply 39,893,078 42,561,781 (2.4) 2.5 6.7 Source: Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA)

Services sector grew fast. The services sector expanded by 7.4 percent in 2015 as

output on all the subsectors increased. This growth is higher compared to 2014

growth rate but lower compared to 2013 growth rate. Total contribution of the

services sector to the GRDP in 2015 is PhP425.39 Billion or a share of 32.6 percent.

Table 3.2

Gross regional domestic product in the services sector (at constant prices),


Sub-sector GRDP (in ‘000) Growth rate (in %)

2014 2015 2013 2014 2015

Service Sector 396,224,882 425,392,864 7.9 3.8 7.4

Transportation, Storage and

Communication

81,015,668 85,785,427 6.3 6.6 5.9

Trade and Repair of Motor

Vehicles, Motorcycles, Personal

and Household Goods

91,479,239 97,792,624 3.7 1.0 6.9

Financial Intermediation 45,739,973 48,481,969 14.0 7.8 6.0

Real Estate, Renting and Business

Activities

106,583,547 113,817,636 10.3 3.4 6.8

Public Administration and Defense;

Compulsory Social Security

15,189,527 15,301,886 6.0 3.9 0.7

Other Services 56,216,928 64,213,322 8.7 2.2 14.2 Source: PSA

The trade and repair of motor vehicles, motorcycles, personal and household goods;

real estate, renting and business activities posted a marked growth in 2015. Other

services composed of education; health and social work; hotels and restaurant;

sewage and refuse disposal sanitation; and recreational, cultural and sporting

activities grew the fastest at 14.2 percent among all the subsectors while public

10 |

administration and defense, and compulsory social security posted

decelerated growth.

Employment Generated

Employment slightly increased. Employment in the industry sector slightly increased

at 0.15 percent from 2014 to 2015 while employment in the services sector increased

by 1.94 percent. Increased employment in the industry sector was brought by the

slight growth in the manufacturing and construction subsectors. This was in contrast

to the considerable increase in employment generated by all subsectors of the

industry sector in 2014. On the other hand, increased employment in information and

communication, administrative support service activities, and human health and

social work services subsectors contributed to the employment increase in the

services sector.

Calabarzon has the highest employment in the industry sector among the regions in

the country and the second highest contributor to national industry output in 2015. It

ranked second in terms of employment in the services sector. Employment in the

industry and services sectors has an upward trend from 2013 to 2015 with services

having a higher employment relative to industry. Rate of growth on employment of

both sectors, however, decelerated in 2015. The slow growth manifested minimal

expansion and investment in the industry and services sectors.

Table 3.3

Employment generated in industry and services sectors, Calabarzon: 2012 to 2015

Sector Actual (‘000) Growth Rate (%)

2013 2014 2015 2013 2014 2015

Industry 1,259 1,330 1,332 5.09 5.64 0.15

Services 2,915 3,043 3,102 3.26 4.39 1.94 Source: PSA Region IV-A

Of the total employment of 4.1 million in the industry and services sectors in 2015,

10.87 percent or 453,837 workers in Calabarzon are employed inside the Philippine

Economic Zone Authority (PEZA)-managed economic zones. This is a slight increase

from 2014 by 3.10 percent or an additional of 13,633 workers in 2015. The additional

employment generated in 2015 can be attributed to the 94 additional enterprises

which located in the 48 PEZA economic zones.

There was a steady increase of jobs from 2012 to 2015. However, it can be noted that

the rate of increase was minimal and there was a considerable decline in the rate of

growth in 2015, from 10.72 percent in 2014 to 3.10 percent in 2015. This considerable

decline can be attributed to non-expansion or non-development of new economic

zones compared to the previous years.

| 11

Figure 3.2. Employment generated and growth rate in economic zones, 2012 to 2015

Source: PEZA, processed by NEDA Region IV-A

Targeted MSMEs’ employment met. Micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs)

assisted by the regional offices of Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) and

Department of Science and Technology (DOST) generated 28,080 jobs and 12,118 jobs

in 2015, respectively. This is 12.72 percent higher than the target for DTI-assisted

MSMEs while 11 times higher than the target for DOST-assisted MSMEs.

On the other hand, the rate of growth on employment generated from DTI-assisted

MSMEs was much lower at 6.12 percent in 2015 compared to 27.88 percent in 2014.

While there was an increase in employment generated for DTI-assisted MSMEs in

2015, employment generated for DOST-assisted MSMEs declined by 7.59 percent due

to graduated and terminated SETUP-assisted projects. Also, technology interventions

which involve mechanization of some manufacturing processes reduced

manual labor.

Table 3.4

Employment generated from MSMEs assisted by DTI and DOST: 2013 to 2015

Year

DTI DOST

Target Actual Growth

Rate

Target Actual Growth Rate

2013 22,000 20,690 616 3,978

2014 22,647 26,460 27.89 1,068 13,113 229.64

2015 24,911 28,080 6.12 1,044 12,118 (7.59)

Source: DTI Region IV-A and DOST Region IV-A

Research Conducted

Limited research conducted and published. Research institutions in Calabarzon

completed a total of 20 research projects supporting the manufacturing sector in

2015. Among the researches are Development and Acceptability of Different Value

Added Mushroom Products with Pangasius, Daing Flakes Project; Business Ecology of

Salted Duck Eggs Enhanced with Lemon Grass and Cinnamon; Ex-ante Analysis of

Industry Strategic Science and Technology Plans; Nanotechnology; Technology

Adoption of Mango Processing Industry; Development of Low Cost Electro-Tech

8.21 9.92 10.72

3.10

0.00

2.00

4.00

6.00

8.00

10.00

12.00

-

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

2012 2013 2014 2015

Pe

rce

nt

Nu

mb

er

Year

Actual Growth rate

12 |

Trainer Board Series E09; Physical and Chemical Characterization of Kapok Oil as a

Potential Biofuel and Potable Hybrid Powered Water Filtration Device.

On market research, Calabarzon had two publications related to the development and

production of processed food products compared to three market researches

published in 2014. Market researches were either published in scientific journals or

presented in conferences.

Business climate improved. Business climate is a general economic environment that

influences the enterprises to expand operations and to invest in a particular location.

It is comprised of government’s attitude towards businesses and their activities,

public policies and inflation rate, among others.

As of the 2015, 123 or 86.62 percent of local government units (LGUs) in Calabarzon

have Streamlined Business Permit Licensing System which reduces the average

processing time and cost of doing business resulting in a more efficient business

environment. The full compliance of all Calabarzon LGUs is targeted in 2016.

Business registration protects consumers with the regulated use of names in business

transactions and ensures that operating businesses are registered legally. The number

of approved business names increased in 2015 by 7 percent but is 4 percent lower

than the annual target of 65,642. All provinces except Cavite, which has the highest

number of registered business names, did not meet their 2015 targets. Of the total of

63,008 applications in 2015, 85 percent are new applications.

Table 3.5

Business Name Registration by Province, Calabarzon: 2014 to 2015

Area 2014 2015 Growth Rate

(%) Target Actual Target Actual

Batangas 12,643 11,856 13,576 11,179 (5.71)

Cavite 16,857 14,214 15,764 18,418 29.58

Laguna 12,902 14,679 16,331 15,725 7.13

Quezon 4,816 5,737 6,176 5,041 (12.13)

Rizal 11,439 12,334 13,795 12,645 2.52

Calabarzon 58,657 58,820 65,642 63,008 7.12

Source: DTI Region IV-A

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) is a measure of changes in the price level of a market

basket of consumer goods and services purchased by an ordinary household. It is used

to determine the inflation rate. CPI of key industry and services products increased

from 2012 to 2014 but in 2015, CPI for food products continued to increase while CPI

for non-alcoholic beverages declined. Based on 2015 Regional Economic

Development Report of Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas, increase in CPI of food products

| 13

can be attributed to weather-related supply disruptions and seasonal demand (e.g.

surge of demand during holiday seasons).

Figure 3.3. Consumer Price Index, Calabarzon: 2012 to 2015 Source: PSA Region IV-A, processed by NEDA Region IV-A

Productivity increased. Industries located in PEZA-managed economic zones in the

region performed slightly better in 2015 compared to 2014 from 0.11 percent to 0.44

percent. Approved investments increased by 2.39 percent from about PhP103 Billion

in 2014 to about PhP106 Billion in 2015. Despite an upward trend on value of exports,

the rate of growth hardly increased from 2012 to 2015. While total approved

investments greatly recovered in 2014, it barely increased in 2015 by 2.39 percent.

These figures, however, met the target of increasing value on exports and approved

investments from 2012 to 2015 except the performance of the latter in 2012 to 2013

due to the global decline of demand for electronic products. Increase in the value of

approved investments and exports can be attributed to an increasing number of

industry locators since 2012, averaging at seven percent per year.

Table 3.6

Industry and services productivity in PEZA-managed economic zones: 2012 to

2015

Indicator

Value Growth rate (in %)

2012 2013 2014 2015 2013 2014 2015

Exports (US$

M) 21,761.902 22,864.779 22,890.391 22,990.774 5.07 0.11 0.44

Total

Approved

Investment

s (PhP M)

120,371.844 80,900.138 103,849.496 106,326.887 (32.79) 28.37 2.39

Source: PEZA

More MSMEs assisted. MSMEs are recognized to contribute to economic growth and

employment generation. DTI and DOST are the major government agencies that

provide assistance to enhance the competitiveness and increase productivity

of MSMEs.

100

120

140

160

180

2012 2013 2014 2015

CP

I

Year

Food

Non alcoholic beverages

All items

14 |

Recognizing the huge number of MSMEs in Calabarzon, MSMEs assisted by DTI and

DOST increased in 2015. DTI assisted 14,631 MSMEs in 2015 compared to 13,324 in

2014 or an increase of 9.81 percent while DOST assisted 499 MSMEs in 2015

compared to 317 in 2014 or an increase of 57.41 percent. The number of MSMEs

which both agencies are assisting are increasing since 2013. However, the rate of

increase on the assisted MSMEs was considerably lower in 2015 compared in 2014.

Both DTI and DOST exceeded their targets from 2013 to 2015 at an average of 2.86

percent and 318.49 percent each year, respectively.

Table 3.7

DTI and DOST assisted MSMEs, Calabarzon: 2013 to 2015

Year DTI DOST

Target Actual Target Actual

2013 7,500 7,769 58 112

2014 13,267 13,324 64 317

2015 13,994 14,631 88 499

Source: DTI Region IV-A, DOST Region IV-A

Domestic sales of MSMEs assisted by DTI increased from PhP978 M in 2014 to PhP

1,063 M in 2015 or 6.3 percent higher than the target for 2015. While domestic sales

increased from 2013 to 2015, the rate of growth in domestic sales is declining. From

an 18.17 percent growth rate in 2013, sales growth plummeted to 8.69 percent

in 2015.

Figure 3.4. Value & growth rate of domestic sales of DTI-assisted MSMEs, 2013 to 2015

Source: DTI Region IV-A, processed by NEDA Region IV-A

However, value of domestic sales from 2013 to 2015 is higher on the target values for

the same period. The actual values are 6 percent higher than the targets on the

average. Increase in domestic sales are generated from trade fairs (local, regional and

international), market matching activities, pasalubong centers, and trade house

operated by DTI provincial offices.

850 978 1,063

18.17

15.06

8.69

0.00

2.00

4.00

6.00

8.00

10.00

12.00

14.00

16.00

18.00

20.00

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

2013 2014 2015

Pe

rcen

t

Ph

P M

Year

Domestic Sales Growth Rate

| 15

Table 3.8

Domestic sales of DTI assisted MSMEs, Calabarzon: 2013 to 2015

Year Domestic Sales (PhP M)

Difference (%) Target Actual

2013 811 850 4.81

2014 915 978 6.89

2015 1,000 1,063 6.30


Tourism

Tourism increased. The region’s tourism industry continued to expand in 2015.

Volume of same day tourists arrivals in 2015 reached 21.61 million (21.14 million for

domestic tourists and 470,670 for foreign tourists) or about 8 percent higher than the

targeted 20 million. As compared to 2014, the tourist arrivals in 2015 increased by

36.96 percent.

Table 3.9

Calabarzon Tourist Arrivals, 2014 and 2015

Indicator 2012

Baseline

2014 2015 Growth

Rate Target Actual Target Actual

Same Day Arrivals (in ’000) 15,000 15,781.31 20,000 21,613.30 36.96%

Domestic 8,272.30 15,356.98 21,142.63 37.67%

Foreign 447.40 424.33 470.67 10.92%

Overnight Tourist (in ‘000) increasing 2,529.62 increasing 4,318.63 70.72%

Domestic 1,207.20 increasing 2,400.70 increasing 3,888.79 61.99%

Foreign 80.80 increasing 123.79 increasing 426.83 244.81%

Overseas Filipinos 5.14 3.00 -41.51%

Accredited tourism

enterprises

80 120 141 189 191 35.46%

Rooms from DOT-accredited

accommodation

establishments

1849 1,904 2,623 2,885 3,188 21.54%

Employees employed by

DOT-accredited

establishments

3538 3,789 4,663 4,700 4,786 2.64%

Source: Department of Tourism (DOT) Region IV-A

Overnight domestic tourists significantly

increased by 70.72 percent, from 2.53 million

in 2014 to 4.32 million in 2015. Moreover, the

number of foreign overnight tourist arrivals

increased by 244.81 percent, from 123,790 in

2014 to 426,830 in 2015. Top foreign tourists

who visited Calabarzon in 2015 are from Japan

(10.12 percent), Korea (9.39 percent) and USA

(2.77 percent). Source: DOT Region IV-A

16 |

The increase in number of tourist arrivals can be attributed to the following factors:

a. strengthened partnership between public and private sectors in the region

b. stronger marketing/ promotional campaigns on different tourism events

and business missions

c. proximity of Calabarzon resorts and sun and beach destinations, theme

parks, museums and hot springs, highlands of Tagaytay City to the

National Capital Region

d. initiative of DOT Region IV-A to conduct seminars on tourism awareness and

tourism statistics, and coaching of LGUs in tourism management to provide

better understanding on tourism industry and the importance of data

gathering and reporting

e. completion of roads under the DOT-DPWH convergence programs such as

Quezon Eco-Tourism Road, Makiling Eco-Tourism Road, Lobo-Malabrigo-

Laiya, San Juan Road, Lobo, Batangas and the Taal Circumferential Road -

Agoncillo Section. This provides fast and accessible route not only to local

tourist hot spots but also to different markets of agriculture and

maritime products

f. completion and aggressive promotion of ecotourism projects such as the

Pansipit River and Volcano Island Bird Sanctuary at San Nicolas, Batangas,

Masungi Karst at Tanay, Rizal, Mt. Makiling Forest Reserve at Los Banos,

Laguna, Lobo Batangas Agri – Ecotourism Sites and Tayak Adventure, Nature

and Wildlife Park in Rizal, Laguna which were all approved by the Regional

Ecotourism Committee as ecotourism sites and are now visited by tourists

g. strong collaboration among the provinces, DOT and tourism organizations in

promoting Calabarzon as an accessible tourism destination.

In 2015, the DOT accredited 191

tourism enterprises that barely

exceeded its target of 189. The

number of DOT-accredited

tourism enterprises increased

from 141 in 2014 to 191 in 2015.

Likewise, the targets in rooms and

employees from DOT- accredited

establishments were reached.

Consumer welfare improved. The level of consumer awareness and satisfaction of

quality goods and services registered at 62 percent which is higher than the previous

year at 57 percent but lower than the target 67 percent. The level of consumer

awareness and satisfaction of quality goods and services improved since 2012.

Monitoring and enforcement of product safety standard was intensified. No firm was

found violating in 2012 and 2013 while two had been found violating in 2014 and

Source: DOT Region IV-A

| 17

2015. From two violating firms in 2014, only one had been penalized while the two

violating firms found in 2015 were both penalized. The number of monitored firms in

2015 declined by 3 percent compared to 2014 but still exceeded the target of 520

firms for 2015.

The rate of resolving consumer complaints decreased from 85 percent in 2014 to 82

percent in 2015. Out of the 791 consumer complaints received for mediation, 661

complaints were resolved within ten working days. Of the 33 consumer complaints

received for arbitration/adjudication, only 13 complaints were resolved within 20

working days. Majority of the consumer complaints were in violation of Republic Act

7394 also known as the “Consumer Act of the Philippines”.

Table 3.10

Protection of Consumer Welfare, Calabarzon: 2012 to 2015

Item 2012 2013 2014 2015

Level of consumer awareness and satisfaction of quality

goods and services

53% 56% 57% 62%

Product safety standards

Number of monitored firms 42 512 564 549

Number of firms found violating 0 0 2 2

Proportion of violating firms penalized n/a n/a 50% 100%

Suggested retail price and adherence to Price Act

Number of firms monitored 260 1109 1420 1502

Number of firms found violating 0 0 0 0

Proportion of violating firms penalized n/a n/a n/a n/a

Percentage of consumer complaints resolved within the

prescribed time of mediation

82% 81% 85% 82%


The industry and services sectors continue to be the engine of growth of the

region. Employment, exports and domestic sales are increasing. However, the

growth is now decelerating.

While manufacturing is dominated by multi-national and establishments in economic

zones, the challenge is to link the MSMEs to them so they can be part of the global

value chain. The interventions to MSMEs should be continued and strengthened. The

Industry Clustering Program in 2015 can improve the performance of MSMEs.

Likewise, the increasing number of SMEs assisted through SETUP will ensure

their productivity.

Tourism industry significantly contributes to regional output of the services sector.

To further boost tourism, data gathering on tourism has to improve. Tourism master

plans should be prepared and marketing and promotion should be enhanced.

18 |

The agriculture, hunting, fishery, and forestry (AHFF) sector, which constitutes about

5.53 percent of the regional economy, remains an important growth driver of the

region as it provides raw materials and source of food to the region’s population.

Despite increase in the overall performance of the AHFF sector, it remains vulnerable

to climatic changes, disaster and infestation that is highly evident in the crops and

fisheries sub-sector.

GRDP increased. The gross value added in AHFF increased by 2.61 percent from

PhP70.30 billion in 2014 to PhP72.13 billion in 2015. This allowed the sector to

achieve its target of increasing gross value added of the sector and rebound from a

negative growth of 1.23 percent in 2014 to 2.61 percent in 2015. The increase is

mainly attributed to substantial increase in output of the agriculture and forestry

sub-sector from PhP51.67 billion to PhP54.74 billion resulting to a jump from

negative 1.12 percent to 5.94 percent growth rate.

Table 4.1

Gross Regional Domestic Product in Agriculture, Hunting, Fishery and Forestry

Sector,Calabarzon: 2014 to 2015

Indicator

Value (in PhP billion,

constant 2000 Prices)

Growth Rate

(in percent)

2014 2015 `13-`14 `14-`15

Agriculture, Hunting, Fishery and

Forestry

70.30 72.13 (1.2) 2.6

a) Agriculture and Forestry 51.67 54.74 (1.1) 5.9

b) Fishing 18.63 17.39 (1.5) (6.6)

Gross Regional Domestic Product 1,230.52 1,303.72 5.1 6.0

Source: Regional Accounts of the Philippines, Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA)

More than half of AHFF output or about 57.63 percent is contributed by the livestock

and poultry sub-sector which posted substantial growth in 2015 at 6.59 and 8.54

percent, respectively, due to increase in demand especially of institutional buyers.

This explains the positive performance of the sector despite decline in crop and

fisheries sub-sectors.

| 19

Table 4.2

Value of Production in Agriculture, Hunting, Fishery and Forestry Sector, Calabarzon:

2014 to 2015

Sub-sector Target Actual (Php million) Growth Rate (%)

2015 2014 2015 `13-`14 `14-`15

a. Crops increasing 15,844.00 15,719.10 (4.5) (0.8)

b. Livestock increasing 20,323.70 21,662.60 2.3 6.6

c. Poultry increasing 22,593.70 24,522.10 (2.7) 8.5

d. Fisheries increasing 19,513.00 18,238.40 (2.1) (6.5)

Source: CountrySTAT and PSA Region IV-A

The performance of the crop sub-sector generally declined by .79 percent due to the

hot weather condition and the damages brought by Typhoons Lando and Nona during

the last quarter of 2015. Similarly, the fisheries sub-sector suffered with a decline of

6.53 percent from PhP19.51 billion in 2014 to PhP18.24 billion in 2015.

Rice self-sufficiency slightly reduced. In 2015, the rice self-sufficiency ratio is down

by 0.71 percentage points from 16.9 percent in 2014 to 16.19 percent in 2015. The

ratio is 5.81 percentage points off from the 2015 target of 22 percent.

Rice self-sufficiency is reached when total regional production can meet total

regional requirements for rice as food, seeds, processing, feeds, and adequate buffer

stock that is good to last for at least 15 days. The Department of Agriculture (DA)

computes for the estimated requirements or demand based on the population and the

average per capita rice consumption of 119 kilogram per year. With an average

annual population growth of 2.58 percent and an average annual growth rate in palay

production of just 0.19 percent in the region from 2010 to 2015, population will

continue to considerably outgrow palay production.

Table 4.3

Calabarzon Rice Self-Sufficiency Ratio in percent, 2014 to 2015

Target Actual Change (%)

2014 2015 2014 2015 ‘14-‘15

Rice Self-Sufficiency Ratio 21.0 22.0 16.9 16.2 (4.2)


Inflation went down. Inflation rates of basic food commodities went down, except for

fruits which remain the same. In terms of achieving the target inflation rate, the

fisheries sub-sector is still within the three to five percent target.

The general decline in inflation rate is attributed mainly to lower global oil prices as

well as domestic utility rates which contributed to reduction in the power and

transportation components of the cost of producing goods and services. The drop in

oil prices and utility rates are seen to outweigh upside risks coming from adverse

climate and weather conditions, election-related expenditures, holiday spending,

peso depreciation and possible adjustments in utility rates.

20 |

Table 4.4

Average Inflation Rates among basic commodities (in Percent), Calabarzon

Commodity Target Actual Change

(percentage points)

2014 2015 2014 2015 `14-`15

Rice 3-5 3-5 11.7 1.8 (9.9)

Corn 3-5 3-5 6.1 0.4 (5.7)

Meat 3-5 3-5 4.4 1.7 (2.7)

Fish 3-5 3-5 5.2 4.1 (1.1)

Milk, cheese & eggs 3-5 3-5 3.5 2.7 (0.8)

Fruits 3-5 3-5 7.4 7.4 0.0

Vegetables 3-5 3-5 9.5 2.7 (6.8)


Grains production declined. Palay production declined by 3.1 percent from 405,582

metric tons in 2014 to 392,907 metric tons in 2015. Similarly, the harvested area

contracted by 3.0 percent from 116,568 hectares in 2014 to 113,066 hectares in 2015.

This resulted in an average palay yield of 3.48 metric tons/hectares, similar to 2014

level and short by 22.3 percent from its 2015 target yield of 4.48 metric tons/hectares.

Reductions in the region’s palay output are attributed to insufficient water supply,

especially during the vegetative stage of the crop, due to El Niño as well as the

occurrence of Typhoon Lando in October 2015. Moreover, there were also reported

occurrences of rice tungro disease and damages from black bugs and rodents in

Laguna on the last quarter of 2015.

There was a 12.8 percent decline in the region’s total corn production in 2015. White

corn production decreased by 17.9 percent while yellow corn production decreased by

9.2 percent. The decline in production may be attributed to inadequate rainfall,

shifting from corn to sugarcane and lack of capital resulting from losses in previous

cropping. Lesser application of fertilizer due to dry weather resulted in stunted

growth of the crops and smaller cobs developed particularly in Batangas. In addition,

area harvested for corn was reduced by 15.5 percent from 34,519 hectares to 29,185

hectares due to insufficient water supply and hot weather condition during planting

time. Because of the reduced output and area harvested, both white corn and yellow

corn productions are below the target yield for 2015. White corn production was short

by 20.5 percent and yellow corn short by 33.2 percent from their target.

Table 4.5

Rice and Corn Volume of Production (in MT), Calabarzon: 2014 to 2015

Commodity 2014 2015 Growth Rate (%)

`13-`14 `14-`15

Palay 405,582.00 392,907.00 (1.5) (3.1)

Corn 74,329.00 64,823.00 (1.1) (12.8)

White Corn 30,935.96 25,402.00 (14.6) (17.9)

Yellow Corn 43,393.00 39,421.00 11.4 (9.2)


| 21

Table 4.6

Rice and Corn Yield (in MT/Ha), Calabarzon: 2014 to 2015

Commodity Target Actual Growth Rate (in percent)

2014 2015 2014 2015 `13-`14 `14-`15

Palay 4.43 4.48 3.48 3.48 (2.2) 0.0

White Corn 1.96 2.00 1.68 1.59 (6.1) (5.4)

Yellow Corn 4.35 4.46 2.69 2.98 (5.3) 10.8


High Value Crops

Banana

Banana production was down by 7.7 percent in the region. Reduction is attributed to

the on-going recovery from the damages brought by Typhoon Glenda in 2014. There

was also a reduction of 4.5 percent in areas planted with banana. The reduction in

production and area planted resulted in an average yield of 3.52 metric tons/hectares

that is 3.3 percent below its 2014 level and 86 percent short of its 2015 target yield of

25.11 metric tons/hectares.

Pineapple

Pineapple production in the region was up by 3.8 percent. There was also expansion

in areas planted with pineapple by 4.8 percent influenced by the expansion of areas

due to high demand for pineapple wine processing. However, there was a 1.0 percent

decline in the average yield from 22.65 metric tons/hectares to 22.43 metric

tons/hectares. The resulting yield is only half of the targeted 44.98 metric

tons/hectares for 2015 which can be attributed to the small sizes of pineapple

produced due to hot weather during the fruit setting stage.

Mango

Mango production declined by 0.7 percent due to occasional rains that resulted in

dropping of immature fruits and rotting of blooming flowers. Similarly, there was a

1.5 percent drop in the areas planted for mango. Despite reductions in production

and area planted, the resulting average yield is 1.0 percent higher from 4.19 metric

tons/hectares in 2014 to 4.23 metric tons/hectares in 2015 but still 13.3 percent short

of the target yield of 4.88 metric tons/hectares.

Sugarcane

Sugarcane production in the region was up by 10.4 percent. There was also an

increase in the areas planted with sugarcane by 14.5 percent. However, there was a

3.6 percent reduction in the average yield from 60.46 metric tons/hectares to 58.29

metric tons/hectares which is 12.9 percent short of the target 66.9 metric

tons/hectares for 2015 brought about by stunted growth of canes harvested as a result

of dry spell during the crop’s vegetative stage.

Coconut

Coconut production was down by 0.1 percent. There was also a reduction of 0.5

percent in the areas planted with coconut. Reduction can be attributed to lower

22 |

demand from desiccated coconut plants especially in the provinces of Laguna and

Quezon. However, even with the reduction in production and area planted, the

average yield somehow increased by 0.3 percent from 3.06 metric tons/hectares to

3.07 metric tons/hectares that is 257 percent above its 2015 target yield of 0.86 metric

tons/hectares.

The performance of the coconut industry is also laudable considering it is still

recovering from the Coconut Scale Insect infestation from 2011 to 2014. According to

the Philippine Coconut Authority (PCA), the non-endemic scale insect, known as

the Aspidiotus rigidus, infested 1.1 million trees by May 2014 in Calabarzon. After a

month, the highly invasive pest affected 2.6 million coconut trees, covering 58

hotspot municipalities in Calabarzon, and disrupted the livelihood of more than

16,000 coconut farmers in 2014.

The concerted government intervention by virtue of Executive Order No. 169, S. 2014

and PCA’s Coconut Scale Insect Emergency Action Program, paved the way for the

control of the CSI, the rehabilitation of pest infested areas and the implementation of

livelihood projects for the affected stakeholders. In addition, the PCA has

allotted PhP73 million for the implementation of the rehabilitation projects to

encourage coconut planting/ replanting, nutrient management, and diversified

coconut farming in Calabarzon.

Coffee

There was a decline in coffee production by 51.6 percent resulting in a yield of 0.17

metric tons/hectares that is 51.4 percent below its 2014 level and 80.5 percent short

of its target for 2015. The decline in output was due to the strong winds of Typhoon

Glenda during the flowering stage. Some coffee areas, particularly in the province of

Cavite, were shifted to pineapple because of higher profitability.

Cacao

Cacao production decreased by 32 percent. However, there was a 1.5 percent

expansion in the areas planted with cacao. However, there was a 33.3 percent decline

in the average yield from 0.06 metric tons/hectares to 0.04 metric tons/hectares. The

resulting yield is short by 93.5 percent of the target 0.62 metric tons/hectares

for 2015.

Table 4.7

High Value Crops Volume of Production (in MT), Calabarzon: 2014 to 2015

Commodity 2014 2015 Growth Rate (%)

`13-`14 `14-`15

Banana 104,303.53 96,306.52 (11.6) (7.7)

Mango 59,473.50 59,040.76 9.5 (0.7)

Pineapple 85,448.05 88,659.84 (3.2) 3.8

Coconut 1,380,490.99 1,379,297.80 (3.8) (0.1)

Coffee 4,691.24 2,272.20 (10.4) (51.6)

Cacao 20.38 13.86 4.7 (32.0)

Sugarcane 1,578,075.91 1,741,706.17 (11.5) 10.4


| 23

Table 4.8

Yield of Selected High Value Crops (in MT/Ha), Calabarzon: 2014 to 2015

Commodity Target Actual Growth Rate (%)

2014 2015 2014 2015 `13-`14 `14-`15

Banana 24.39 25.11 3.64 3.52 (70.6) (3.3)

Mango 4.74 4.88 4.19 4.23 9.4 1.0

Pineapple 43.13 44.38 22.65 22.4

3

(1.4) (1.0)

Coconut 0.83 0.86 3.06 3.07 (6.1) 0.3

Coffee 0.84 0.87 0.35 0.17 (30.0) (51.4)

Cacao 0.61 0.62 0.06 0.04 (86.4) (33.3)

Sugarcane 62.8 66.90 60.46 58.2

9

0.3 (3.6)


Based on the performance, it is evident that the crop subsector suffered losses from

the long dry spell brought about by El Niño and of Typhoons Lando and Nona during

the last quarter of 2015.

In response, the DA, through its El Niño mitigation and adaptation plan has

implemented interventions to support crop production. Strategies include provision

of shallow tube wells, farm machineries, seeds and fertilizers, and establishment of

production facilities.

Livestock and Poultry grew. The livestock subsector was able to achieve its target of

increasing production in 2015. Cattle production is the top performer with an

increase of 7.3 percent from 2014 level. The increase in production is attributed to

better prices that encouraged cattle raisers to sell their animals. The region accounts

for 10.51 percent of the country’s cattle production and is the third largest cattle

producer in the country.

Carabao and hog production grew by 6.8 percent and 6.6 percent, respectively. The

increase in carabao output is due to the high demand for beef during festivals in the

region while increase in hog production is due to the high demand of meat

processors. The region is the second largest contributor to the country’s hog

production with a 15.86 percent share.

Table 4.9

Volume of Livestock Production (in MT), Calabarzon: 2014 to 2015

Commodity Actual Growth Rate (%)

2014 2015 `13-`14 `14-`15

Hog 315,598 336,349 2.0 6.6

Carabao 7,017 7,491 8.5 6.8

Cattle 26,147 28,051 5.5 7.3

Goat 3,565 3,671 3.9 3.0


24 |

The poultry subsector was able to achieve its target of increasing production as

chicken and chicken egg production increased by 7.7 percent and 11.0 percent,

respectively. The positive performance is brought about by the increased demand of

institutional buyers. The region is the top producer of chicken egg in the country and

accounts for 30.1 percent of the country’s egg production. It is also the second largest

chicken producer with 19.4 percent share to the country’s total production.

Table 4.10

Volume of Poultry Production (in MT), Calabarzon: 2014 to 2015

Commodity

Actual Growth Rate (%)

2014 2015 `13-`14 `14-

`15

Chicken 298,542 321,670 (1.3) 7.7

Chicken Egg 120,642 133,962 (6.3) 11.0

Duck 665 602 (7.6) (9.5)

Duck Egg 2,101 2,099 2.1 (0.1)


The DA’s vaccination, artificial insemination and stock distribution are the major

programs which helped achieved the target of increasing livestock and

poultry production.

Fisheries production declined. Fisheries production declined with municipal and

commercial fisheries subsector production contracting by 5.2 and 3.5 percent,

respectively. The decrease was due to less fishing trips because of the frequent gale

warnings during the second and third quarter of 2015.

Similarly, aquaculture production declined by 2.0 percent due to the decrease in

seaweeds production that accounts for 13.49 percent of the aquaculture subsector.

Seaweed production was affected by the very limited planting materials and incidence

of “ice-ice” disease. Other factors affecting aquaculture production include delayed

stocking and slow growth of species due to dry-hot weather conditions and incidence

of fish cage overflow due to Typhoon Lando during the fourth quarter of 2015.

Table 4.11

Volume of Fisheries Production (in MT), Calabarzon: 2014 to 2015

Commodity Actual Growth Rate (in

percent)

2014 2015 `13-`14 `14-`15

Commercial 68,381 66,017 3.4 (3.5)

Municipal 145,475 137,857 12.9 (5.2)

Aquaculture 177,609 174,131 (16.7) (2.0)


In order to sustain aquaculture production in the region, the Bureau of Fisheries and

Aquatic Resources (BFAR) provided 260 farm implements to 260 seaweed farmers

| 25

from Quezon and Batangas. Post-harvest facilities were also provided such as one

smokehouse, nine seaweed dryers, two freezers and six vacuum sealers have been

delivered to 14 beneficiaries from Laguna, Batangas and Quezon.

Additionally, a total of 3.65 million GET-

EXCEL tilapia and 1.74 million red tilapia

fingerlings/seedstocks have been

distributed to 44 and 135 beneficiaries.

Under the alternative livelihood program

of BFAR, a total of 6,816 different kinds of

fishing gear/paraphernalia were

distributed to 646 fisherfolk. The fishing

gears include: 3,614 gillnets, 890 fish

traps, 500 fish pots, 41 fish aggregating

device (FAD “payaos”), 247 squid jiggers,

27 non-motorized banca, 1,293 crab pots,

500 life vests and 100 lantern lights.

Employment decreased. The target of increasing employment in the sector was not

achieved as employment has also been affected by weather disturbances. Workers

were forced to seek other forms of employment resulting to a decline of 11.1 percent

in 2015 from 732,000 workers to 650,000 workers. The AHFF employs 12.8 percent of

the total employed in the region.

Table 4.12

Number of Employed in Agriculture (in thousand persons),Calabarzon

2013 2014 2015

Growth Rate (%)

`13-`14 `14-`15

Total Employment 4,842.00 5,097.00 5,085.00 5.3 (0.2)

Employment in Agriculture 686.00 732.00 650.88 6.7 (11.1)


Loan availment increased. The Land Bank of the Philippines (LBP) reported that

81,512 small farmers and fishers availed loans from LBP. The number of small farmers

and fishers assisted is 10.20 percent higher than 2014 with 73,967 small farmers and

fishers. The small farmers and fishers are part of LBP’s identified priority sectors in

line with its vision to improve the quality of life of more Filipinos.

Productivity and sustainability of the agriculture and fisheries sector remains

challenged by conversion of agricultural lands and vulnerability to

climatic conditions.

26 |

Based on a 10-year data, area planted by major crops (i.e. cacao, coffee, banana,

mango and pineapple) declined by an annual average of at least 1.11 percent. In order

to address the decline and to ensure sustainability of the sector there is a need to

improve the quality of planting materials and make use of high yielding varieties to

maximize planting area.

Availability and accessibility to production inputs through government subsidies or

provision of credit and/or insurance via public and private conduits will not only

respond to productivity concerns but also to the sector’s vulnerability to climatic

conditions and pests and disease. Developing Climate Change (CC) adaptive varieties

as well as pest and disease tolerant varieties will strategically increase productivity

which can be supported by the government through increase public spending in

research and development. State Universities and Colleges (SUCs) can also contribute

by encouraging students to enrol into agriculture-related studies.

Relatedly, information dissemination on recommended planting schedule and

additional investments in agricultural infrastructures such as irrigation facilities and

farm-to-market roads contributes to the AHFF sector’s productivity and

competitiveness. Improved infrastructure will also result to improved access and

profitability as it will provide connectivity with growing markets adjacent to

production areas while also reducing transaction and input costs. Also, increasing

investments, both of the public and private sector, in post-harvest and processing

facilities to reduce losses as most agricultural products are perishables will allow

farmers to add more value to raw agricultural products resulting to increase

profitability and competitiveness of the sector.

The DA, recognizing the sector’s vulnerability to climatic conditions, has

institutionalized its CC adaptation and mitigation initiative in agriculture through

mainstreaming CC to its programs, plans and budgets. The systems-wide

mainstreaming program also includes climate information system, adaptation and

mitigation knowledge toolbox, climate-resilient agriculture infrastructure, financing

and risk transfer instrument, climate-resilient AHFF regulation and extension system.

To ensure productivity in the AHFF sector, the DA allocated about PhP231.2 million

for 2016 for the implementation of CC responsive activities that include production

support, extension services, research and development, infrastructure and

agricultural equipment support.

In addition, the continued implementation of the Philippine Rural Development

Project (PRDP) is eyed to contribute to the establishment of a climate-smart and

market-oriented AHFF sector. There are about 43 PRDP infrastructure and logistics

subprojects in the region in varying stages of implementation.

In 2015, nine proposed programs and projects of the DA with an investment

requirement of PhP1.40 Billion have been funded by the national government. About

32.92 percent of the funds were allocated on the construction of farm-to-

market roads.

| 27

For 2016, there will be an anticipated

improvement in rice production as the

National Irrigation Administration

was able to generate 216 hectares of

new irrigated areas and restore 193

hectares (under CY 2015 Program as

of June 15, 2016). The additional

irrigated areas are projected to result

to additional palay production of

2,045 metric tons per cropping

(estimated at an average yield of 5

metric tons per hectare), or 4,090

metric tons per year (at two cropping

per year) that is equivalent to about

1.04 percent of the total

regional production.

Also, the formal establishment of the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) in 2015

brings about opportunities for the country through a more liberalized market with

import tariffs virtually eliminated and reduced trading costs, among others. The AEC

envisions a highly integrated ASEAN economy that will be competitive, innovative

and dynamic with an enhanced sectoral cooperation among its members. Improved

labor productivity through better access to technology and information via a more

participatory agricultural extension (i.e. farmer field schools) and linkages with

research institutions will increase the country’s competitiveness and take advantage

of the wider ASEAN market.

Lastly, strengthening the sector’s compliance with food safety and quality

certification standards through capacity building on GAP, GAHP, GMP and HACCP,

among others will not only address the issue on smuggling but will also improve

competitiveness of the AHFF sector.

Soon-to-be concreted Mangagawa-Capuluan Central FMR in

Guinayangan, Quezon, Source: PRDP Website

28 |

Roads

The total length of the national road remained the same at 2,507.76 kilometers as of

November 2015. There was no increase in road length since the new roads were not

yet completed. However, existing roads were improved and rehabilitated resulting in

increased length of paved roads (Figure 5.1). The paved roads have increased from

2,359.75 kilometers to 2,402.53 kilometers but did not meet the target of 2,461.75

kilometers. Except for Quezon, national roads in the other four provinces are already

100 percent paved.

Figure 5.1. Paved National Roads, 2014 & 2015

Source of Basic Data: DPWH Region IV-A

Roads in good condition decreased from 52.24 percent to 42.75 percent. The decline

is 9.49 percent, equivalent to 238.07 kilometers. Figure 5.2 shows the comparative

data on road condition in the region.

Figure 5.2. Calabarzon National Road Condition, 2014 & 2015

Source of Basic Data: DPWH Region IV-A

99.30 100 99.06

84.87

100

94.10

100 100 100

88.69

100

95.80

75.00

80.00

85.00

90.00

95.00

100.00

105.00

Batangas Cavite Laguna Quezon Rizal Calabarzon

2014

2015

52.24% 26.77%

12.10%

5.21%

3.68%

2014

42.75%

30.82%

13.17%

5.23% 8.03%

2015

Good

Fair

Poor

Bad

No assessment

| 29

According to the Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH), roads in good

condition should have been increasing given the regular maintenance and

improvement works being done. Thus, the decline may be attributed to the reporting

cycle as accomplishments in 2015 are yet to be attributed in 2016. Further, roads

undergoing construction are not included in the assessment conducted from February

to June.

Aside from road improvements, new road projects were implemented. The new road

opening/construction include Lobo-San Juan Road (17 kilometers), Taal

Circumferential Road (3.32 kilometers), Atimonan-Mauban-Real Road (4.80

kilometers), General Aguinaldo-Magallanes East West Road, Sariaya Bypass (8.0

kilometers) and Lucena (Talao-Talao) Dalahican Port Access Road (3.16 kilometers).

The major national road projects completed in 2015 are as follows: a) Rehabilitation

of Calumpang Bridge in Batangas City; b) Rehabilitation/Reconstruction of Quirino

Highway in Tagkawayan, Quezon; c) Rehabilitation of Damaged Paved Roads in

Manila South Road; and Construction of Lipa-Alaminos Road.

Bridges

The length of permanent bridges increased from 18,146.57 lineal meters to 18,447.31

lineal meters. However, the increase of 300.74 lineal meters was insufficient to meet

the targeted bridge length of 18,485.61 lineal meters. The total number of bridges is

654 and the target was to upgrade the remaining nine bailey bridges. However, only

five bailey bridges were upgraded to permanent structures. The four remaining

bridges are located in Quezon and Cavite which are undergoing construction. Figure

5.3 shows the comparative data of bridges.

Figure 5.3. Calabarzon National Bridges, 2014 & 2015

Source of Basic Data: DPWH IV-A

The ports of Batangas and Lucena are considered the major ports in the region.

Batangas Port is vital for shipment of goods and agricultural products to and from the

islands of Mindoro and Romblon in MIMAROPA region, and Caticlan in Visayas

region. On the other hand, Lucena Port is the gateway of commuters and cargoes to

Marinduque and Romblon provinces in MIMAROPA region, and Masbate province in

645

650

9

4

2014

2015

640 642 644 646 648 650 652 654 656

Permanent

Bailey

30 |

Bicol region. At present, the port of Batangas operates for domestic passenger sea

travel and international container terminal port operation.

The overall throughput performance of the ports in the region in terms of passenger

traffic, ship calls and cargo grew in 2015 compared with the previous year (Table 5.1).

Passenger traffic both inbound (disembarked) and outbound (embarked), and ship

calls increased by 15 percent, 13 percent and 42 percent, respectively. Cargo traffic in

break-bulk (MT) also increased by 2 percent, while rolling cargo (units) increased by

15 percent.

Table 5.1

Combined Throughput of Batangas and Lucena Ports, Calabarzon:2014-2015

Source of basic data: PPA PMOs Batangas and MarQuez

The port of Batangas contributes almost 90 percent of port operations in terms of

ship calls and transporting passengers and cargoes to and from the region.

Passenger traffic and ship calls in Batangas Port grew in 2015 (Table 5.2). Both

outbound and inbound passenger traffic increased by 15 percent and 12 percent,

respectively due to additional new fast craft vessels deployed by private operators,

particularly in Batangas-Calapan and Romblon-Caticlan routes. Rolling cargo also

increased by 14 percent. The growing passenger traffic and ship calls can be

attributed to intensified maritime operations along routes of the Strong Republic

Nautical Highway. The operations resulted in reduced transportation cost for

passengers and cargoes, particularly those going to the Visayas region.

Table 5.2

Throughput Performance of Batangas Port

Source: PPA PMO Batangas and MarQuez

PARTICULARS 2014 2015 Change (%)

Passenger

Embarked

Disembarked

2,899,536

3,157,835

3,268,769

3,647,047

13

15

Ship Calls 30,829 43,893 42

Cargo

Break-bulk (MT)

Rolling (Units)

986,809

508,372

1,003,237

582,227

2

15

Particulars Throughput Change (%)

2014 2015 2014-2015

Passenger

Embarked

Disembarked

2,638,943

2,954,151

3,041,272

3,321,186

15

12

Ship calls 27,566 39,994 45

Cargo

Break-bulk (MT)

Rolling (Units)

785,053.30

453,736

795,443.01

515,730

1

14

| 31

In 2015, container port traffic of Batangas Port posted an increase of 132,957.75

twenty-foot equivalent units (TEUs) compared to 97,361.25 TEUs registered in 2014.

The increase may be attributed to the transfer of operations of a number of shipping

lines to Batangas Container Terminal triggered by the port congestion in the Manila

International Container Port. Other regular shipping lines of the Manila International

Container Port became regular clients of the Batangas Container Terminal.

The throughput performance of the Port of Lucena increased in 2015 by 3 percent,

each for cargo traffic and ship calls. The outbound passenger traffic (embarked)

decreased by 13 percent while inbound passenger traffic (disembarked) increased by

60 percent.

Table 5.3

Throughput Performance of Lucena Port

Source: PPA PMO Batangas and MarQuez

Aside from the two major ports, there are 11 ports servicing the region under the

Philippine Ports Authority system. Four ports located in the province of Quezon

include the ports of Polillo, Real, Mauban and San Andres. The port of San Andres

links passengers and cargoes to provinces such as Masbate, Leyte, Samar and

Marinduque. The port of Real ferries passengers to the Polillo group of islands and

Jomalig, Atimonan port serves the Alabat island municipalities.

The remaining seven (7) ports are located in the municipalities of San Juan, Lobo,

Tingloy, Mabini, Calatagan, Nasugbu and Bauan in Batangas. These ports are used in

transporting passengers, fish products, agricultural produce, and other goods to

different parts of the province and significantly contribute to increase socio-

economic activities.

The number of energized households in the region increased from 3,004,124 in 2014

to 3,274,849 in 2015. Despite the increase in household population in 2015, the

percentage of unserved households improved from 7 percent in 2014 to 4.6 percent in

2015. This can be attributed to the efforts of the government to provide electricity

access thru the implementation of the Sitio Electrification Program (SEP) of the

National Electrification Administration. SEP provided the electric cooperatives

Particulars Throughput Change (%)

2014 2015 2014-2015

Passenger

Embarked

Disembarked

260,593

203,684

227,497

325,861

-13

60

Ship calls 3,263 3,899 19

Cargo

Break-bulk (MT)

Rolling (Units)

201,756

54,636

207,794

66,497

3

22

32 |

funding assistance for extension of distribution lines to remote sitios of the region

including free household connection.

Table 5.4

Status of Household Electrification Regionwide, 2014 and 2015

2014 2015

HH Population Projected 3,233,265 3,432,898

Served 3,004,124 3,274,849

Unserved 229,141 158,049

HH Electrification Level 92.91% 95.40%

Source: Department of Energy (DOE)

In the provinces, Cavite registered the highest electrification level in 2015 at 97.48

percent followed by Laguna and Batangas at 96.19 percent and 94.49 percent,

respectively. Quezon had the lowest electrification level at 93.67 percent. Table 5.5

shows the status of household electrification by province in 2014 to 2015.

Table 5.5

Status of Electrification by Province, 2014-2015

Province

HH Population Served Unserved HH

Electrification

Level (%)

2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015

Cavite 839,497 879,074 816,458 856,950 23,039 22,124 97.26 97.48

Rizal 651,984 693,894 634,091 651,344 17,893 42,550 97.26 93.87

Laguna 712,571 767,077 688,935 737,816 23,636 29,261 96.68 96.19

Batangas 559,332 620,913 494,898 586,687 64,434 34,226 88.48 94.49

Quezon 469,881 471,940 369,743 442,052 100,138 29,888 78.69 93.67

Source: DOE

As of 2015, total irrigated area in the region increased to 57,307 hectares,

exceeding the target of 55,178 hectares.1

The increase was attributed to 86 new irrigation systems that were installed including

those rehabilitated in major palay producing areas of the region. A total of 3,161

hectares of rice lands were provided access to irrigation water, representing a 15

percent increase from the previous year of service area covered (Table 5.6).

1 NIA 4-A Report

| 33

Table 5.6

Performance of New and Rehabilitated Irrigation Systems, 2014 and 20152

Source of basic data: NIA 4-A

The 14 new irrigation systems installed in 2015 opened 119 hectares for palay

production, mostly in major rice production areas in Quezon, Batangas and

Rizal provinces.

Table 5.7

New Irrigations Systems by Province, 2014 and 20153

Province No. of Irrigation Systems Area Covered (ha)

2014 2015 2014 2015

Batangas - 5 - 21

Cavite - 1 - 10

Laguna - - - -

Quezon - 3 - 45

Rizal - 5 - 43

Total - 14 - 119

On the other hand, the rehabilitation of 72 existing irrigation systems was mostly

attributed to the increase in total irrigated area in 2015. The rehabilitated systems

improved the supply and access to water of more than 3,000 hectares of ricelands,

particularly in Quezon province.

Table 5.8

Rehabilitated and Improved Irrigation Systems by Province, 2014 and 20154

Province

No. of Irrigation

Systems Change

(%)

Area Covered (ha) Change

(%) 2014 2015 2014 2015

Batangas 6 15 150 286 316 10

Cavite 14 13 (7) 809 834 3

Laguna 13 11 (15) 583 633 9

Quezon 16 24 50 826 1,011 22

Rizal 11 9 (18) 248 248 -

Total 60 72 20 2,752 3,042 11

Source of basic data: NIA 4-A

2 - No rehabilitation works of existing NIS in Batangas and Rizal provinces in 2015. No new NIS projects in 2015.

Only new CIS projects irrigated 119 hectares in 2015, except in Laguna province. 3 New CIS projects irrigated 119 hectares in 2015. No new NIS projects in 2015 4 Rehabilitated/improved 1.54 km canal and 25.45 km canal lining of existing irrigation systems in all provinces in

2015. No rehabilitation works of existing NIS in Batangas and Rizal provinces in 2015.

Irrigation Systems

No. of Irrigation

Systems Change

(%)

Area Covered

(ha) Chang

e (%) 2014 2015 2014 2015

New - 14 - - 119 -

Rehabilitated/Improved 60 72 20 2,752 3,042 10.54

Total 60 86 43.33 2,752 3,161 14.86

34 |

However, the new and improved irrigation systems did not translate to higher palay

yield, which remained at 5.0 mt/ha compared to the target of 5.2 mt/ha. This is

because the benefit to be derived from the 14 new irrigation projects implemented in

2015 is expected to be realized in 2016. Also, there were no new irrigation projects

implemented in 2014 that would have carried over the incremental benefits to 2015

performance. Most of the irrigation efforts in 2014 and 2015 were rehabilitation and

improvement of existing irrigation systems and facilities.

Table 5.9

Committed Power Projects in Calabarzon Name of Project Project

Proponent

Location Rated

Capacity

(MW)

Target Testing/

Commissioning

Target

Commercial

Operation

Coal

2x150MW

SLPGC Coal

Fired Plant

Southwest Luzon

Power generation

Corporation

Brgy. San Rafael,

Calaca, Batangas

300 Unit I – June

2015

Unit II –

August 2015

Unit I – Aug

2015

Unit II – Sep

2015

135MW Putting

Bato Coal Fired

Power Plant II

South Luzon

Thermal Energy

Cop. (SLTEC)

Brgy. Putting

Bato West,

Calaca, Batangas

135 August 2015 November 2015

1x420MW

Pagbilao Coal-

Fired Thermal

Plant

Pagbilao Energy

Corporation

Brgy. Ibabang

Polo, Pagbilao,

Quezon

420 Between May

to November

2017

November 2017

Natural Gas

100MW San

Gabriel Avion

Project

Prime Meridian

PowerGen

Corporation

Brgy. Bolbok,

Batangas

100 August 2015 September

2015

1x450 San

Gabriel Power

Plant

First NatGas

Power

Corporation

Sta. Rita,

Batangas

450 1Q 2016 June 2016

Pagbilao 600MW

Combine Cycle

Gas Fired Plant

Energy World

Corporation

Brgy. Ibabang

Polo, Grande

Island, Pagbilao,

Quezon

600 October 2015 Unit1–Nov

2015

Unit2– Dec

2015

Unit3– Dec

2016

Solar

Macabud Solar

Photovoltaic

Power Project

ATN Philippines

Solar Energy

Group, Inc.

Brgy. Macabud,

Rodriguez, Rizal

30 Feb 2016 Feb 2016

Wind

Phase 1: Pililla

Wind Project

Altenergy Wind

One Corporation

Brgy.

Halayhayin,

Pililla, Rizal

54 June 2015 July 2015

TOTAL 2,089

| 35

The water supply status in terms of the number of service connection established and

production by the local water districts in the region were on an increasing trend.

Water districts established an aggregate 191,035 service connections in 2015,

representing 4.1 percent increase from the previous year. Monthly production

average however grew only by 1.64 percent because of the decline in water supply

production in Dasmariñas City in Cavite and Tuy in Batangas province (Table 5.10).

Table 5.10

Service Connection and Production Performance of Water Districts by Province, 2014

and 2015

Province/ Water District

Service

Connections Change

(%)

Monthly Production

Average (m3) Change

(%) 2014 2015 2014 2015

Laguna

Pagsanjan 6,355 6,562 3 215,022 231,900 8

Sta. Cruz 11,174 12,240 10 262,999 301,541 15

Rizal

Teresa 5,872 5,991 2 188,475 219,863 17

Morong 8,687 9,015 4 295,103 299,861 2

Pililia 6,187 6,619 7 131,983 155,948 18

Cavite

Dasmariñas 99,852 102,511 3 2,665,805 2,555,409 (4)

Silang 32,434 34,163 5 828,194 884,575 7

Batangas

Nasugbu 5,840 6,174 6 207,588 229,548 11

Tuy 2,736 2,861 5 73,664 52,890 (28)

San Juan 4,461 4,899 10 108,522 127,522 18

Total 183,598 191,035 4.05 4,977,355 5,059,057 1.64

Source of basic data: NWRB Report

The increase in service connections occured in Sta. Cruz, Laguna, in Pililla, Rizal, in

Silang, Cavite and in Nasugbu and San Juan, Batangas. These areas are considered as

tourist destinations and urban centers where demand for water utilities is growing.

However, service connections established in the rapidly urbanizing city of

Dasmariñas in Cavite province only grew by three percent indicating difficulty in

available sources of water supply (Figure 5.4).

In terms of average water supply production the bulk of average monthly output is

contributed by Dasmariñas Water District at 2.6 million cubic meters or 50.51 percent

of the total output of 5 million cubic meters of the ten water districts monitored by

the Local Water Utilities Administration (LWUA) in 2015. However, monthly average

production decreased by four percent, reflecting inability of supply to keep up with

rising demand from commercial, residential and industrial users in the city (Figure 2).

36 |

To address the rising demand for water supply and develop new water sources, the

LWUA completed seven programs of works and one well drilling. Construction of four

water sources in the region was also completed.

In addition, two detailed designs on water source development were done under the

KfW (German Bank)-funded project. The construction of these projects is expected to

be completed in 2016. The LWUA was also able to design a mini dam for small rivers

to impound water for the dry season.

Another initiative undertaken by LWUA is the intensified campaign to reduce wastage

on non-revenue water. In 2015, non-revenue water under the coverage of LWUA

decreased by 40 percent. This resulted in better access to water supply among users

and efficient operation of water utilities in the region.

Various social infrastructure assets have been constructed in 2015 through increased

public investment to improve the delivery of basic social services to the public. These

include the construction of school buildings/classrooms, day care centers, senior

citizen centers, rural health units and government hospitals.

Education

The increase in the inventory of school buildings in the region was driven by the

completion of the Public-Private Partnership (PPP) School Infrastructure Project

(PSIP) Phase 1 of the Department of Education (DepEd). The PSIP Phase 1 is a Php

16.28 Billion project which involved the design, construction, maintenance and

financing of 9,300 classrooms in one and two-storey buildings in Regions I,III and IV-

A under Build-Lease-and Transfer (BLT) scheme.

In 2014, a total of 3,183 PSIP classrooms were constructed equivalent to 91.73%

physical accomplishment. In 2015, the project was almost completed at 99.1%

physical accomplishment or equivalent to 4,217 classrooms built. The target number

of PSIP classrooms for the project was 4,261 but was later changed to 4,255 due to the

reduced provincial allocation for Rizal. Quezon had the highest share of 1,598

classrooms, followed by Laguna (902), Cavite (728), Batangas (701) and Rizal (326).

The project was expected to be completed in 2015 but was extended to early 2016.

Unforeseen factors, such as weather disturbances, logistical issues, underperforming

subcontractors, security concerns were the main causes of delay.

Senior high school (SHS) implementation will start in 2016, as the last mile of the K

to 12 Basic Education Program. In preparation, additional buildings are being

constructed to meet the demands of the additional two years entailed by SHS. In

2014, a total of 727 SHS buildings were constructed. This increased to 1,946 in 2015

| 37

where Batangas had the highest share of 554 SHS buildings, followed by Laguna (525),

Cavite (445), Quezon (318) and Rizal (104).

The launching of Accelerated and Sustainable Anti-Poverty (ASAP) Project also

helped expedite the construction of various infrastructure facilities before the end of

the term of the Aquino’s administration.

As the Bottom-up Budgeting (BuB) approach considers the development needs of

poor communities in the budget proposals of agencies, various social infrastructure

projects were implemented by the DepEd Region IV-A under the BuB.

Projects funded under the BUB increased from 76 in 2014 to 121 in 2015. These

include the construction of school library, faculty room, school fence, provision of

school furniture, rehabilitation of classrooms, Gulayan sa Paaralan, among others.

Table 5.11

School Infrastructure Performance (2014-2015), Calabarzon

Provinces

School Buildings/Classrooms

No. of SHS Bldgs. No. of PSIP Class rooms No. of School Infra BuB

Proj. funded

2014 2015 Change

(%)

2014 2015 Change

(%)

2014 2015 Change

(%)

Cavite 78 445 470.5 600 728 21.3 12 21.3 175.0

Laguna 101 525 419.8 776 902 16.2 5 16.2 380.0

Batangas 48 554 1054.2 641 701 9.4 18 9.4 94.4

Rizal 110 104 -5.5 207 326 57.5 21 57.5 -57.1

Quezon 390 318 -18.5 959 1598 66.6 20 66.6 0.0

Total 727 1,946 167.7 3,183 4,255 33.7 76 33.7 59.2

Source of basic data: DepEd Region IV-A

Social Services

The promotion of social welfare includes the provision of infrastructure facilities that

will help mitigate vulnerabilities of clients from negative conditions such as those

needing protection, shelter, child care and families affected by natural disaster.

As of 2015, there are five existing social welfare facilities in the region operated by

the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD). Among the five

facilities, the Field Office Resource Operation Center (FOROC) serves as the

warehouse of food packs for families affected by disaster (Annex D). However, the

facility is located in the vicinity of the west valley fault. The DSWD Region IV-A

plans to transfer the FOROC to Dasmariñas, Cavite.

The region has a total of 307 need-responsive sub-projects under the Kapit-Bisig

Laban sa Kahirapan-Comprehensive and Integrated Delivery of Social Services

38 |

(KALAHI-CIDSS) project5. Most of the projects that are identified by the community

are farm-to-market roads, school building, health centers and water systems. The

participation of the LGUs and concerned agencies is necessary to make the project

sustainable. Once the projects are turned over to the community, the LGUs can

include the KALAHI-CIDSS projects in their monitoring activities to know the

condition and status of the project.

Health Facilities

As of 2015, there are 264 hospitals, composed of 67 government and 197 private

hospitals. Total bed capacity is 7,078 with1, 660 for government hospitals and 5,418

for private hospitals. The province of Batangas has the highest number of hospitals

and bed capacity. In terms of services offered, these hospitals are categorized mostly

as first level and primary care hospitals.

Table 5.12

No. of Government and Private Hospitals, Authorized Bed Capacity, 2015

Provinces

Government Private

Level of Services No.

Bed

Capacity No.

Bed

Capacity

Cavite 13 314 41 817 Primary Care/ Level 1

Laguna 15 512 41 722 Primary Care/ Level 1

Batangas 12 120 55 2,213 Primary Care/ Level 1

Rizal 10 294 29 714 Primary Care/ Level 1

Quezon 17 420 21 952 Primary Care/ Level 1

Calabarzon 67 1,660 197 5,418

Source: Department of Health (DOH) Region IV-A

The Regional Hospital of Calabarzon is located in Batangas City while the Provincial

Hospitals of Cavite, Laguna, Batangas, Rizal and Quezon are located in the

municipalities/cities of Trece Martirez, Sta. Cruz, Lemery, Morong and Lucena,

respectively. Other health facilities available are the Drug Rehabilitation Center and

Women Children Crisis Center both located in Laguna.

In terms of the implementation of the Health Facilities Enhancement Program

(HFEP), various health facilities were completed in 2014 and 2015. A total of 28

projects were completed in 2014 from 32 projects that were implemented. In 2015, 4

projects were completed out of the total 24 projects implemented. The HFEP include

the construction, repair, rehabilitation and renovation of rural health units and

barangay health stations.

The low performance in HFEP implementation in 2015 (Table 5.13) was mainly due to

difficulties in acquiring permits and licenses from the LGUs and other concerned

5 2015 Annual Accomplishment Report, DSWD Region IV-A

| 39

agencies, compliance to standards, and delayed release in the requested

allocation/budget for the project.

Table 5.13

HFEP Implementation, 2014-2015

Source: DPWH Region IV-A

The region has to address the worsening traffic congestion in urban areas and the

delays in project implementation due to road right-of-way problems. The

accessibility of remote areas as well as road quality should also be looked into. The

following projects may help address some of the challenges: 1) construction of rail

projects (LRT1, LRT2 and LRT6); 2) construction of SLEX TR4; and 3) construction of

commuter train from Tutuban to Calamba (NSRP Phase I).

The provision of support infrastructure facilities for water transport should be

intensified. This includes roads to facilitate efficient movement of passengers and

cargoes to and from the ports. The use of other ports in the region should also be

harnessed. New ports, both proposed and in the pipeline, are expected to establish

transport links and open access to tourism destination areas. The Calatagan Port is

being developed as sister port of Tilik Port in Lubang, Occidental Mindoro. It will also

serve as gateway to San Jose, Occidental Mindoro and Calamianes group of islands in

Palawan. The development of the Batangas Container Terminal Phase III as well as

the proposal for international container port in Infanta, Quezon servicing East Asian

Region will further expand port capacity of the region. The creation of the Port

Management Office in Marquez/Quezon opens up opportunity for the development of

Polillo, Real, Mauban and San Andres ports.

The completion of two major dam and irrigation facilities of the National Irrigation

Administration (NIA) in 2017 - the Quipot and Macalelon Small Reservoir Irrigation

Project, may help increase irrigated area coverage, yield performance of palay and

income levels of farmers especially in Quezon province which has the highest

potential of agricultural land for irrigation.

The biggest project, Quipot Irrigation Project, which covers 2,800 hectares and 2,155

beneficiaries is 66.20 percent complete and is targeted to be completed by 2017. Once

completed, it will provide road network for marketing and local access, increase

Particulars 2014 2015

Allocation P148,373,751 P218,761,500

No. Of Projects 32 24

Completed 28 4

Ongoing 2 10

Funds Reverted 2 10

Accomplishment 95.30 28.37

40 |

production and farmer income, and generate employment in the area. However, the

region has to address project implementation difficulties in securing permits,

certificates as well as right-of-way issues and lack of local support.

The use of renewable energy should be continuously developed and promoted to

avoid energy shortage. Seven additional power plants in Batangas, Quezon and Rizal

provinces are expected to be operational by 2016 to 2017 Grid (Annex A). This will

expand production capacity of the region with additional 2,089 MW for the Luzon.

Problems on source development and pipeline relocation should be acted upon by

LWUA and the water districts. Close coordination with concerned entities for the

acquisition of permits needs to be done. Construction of impounding dams for water

scarce areas, such as urban centers in Cavite, and in the Bondoc Peninsula should be

considered. LWUA is expecting the completion of two foreign funded projects in

Infanta, Quezon and Mabitac, Laguna by 2016. These projects will provide better

access to potable water for the people.

The ongoing project of LWUA on water source development for LGUs will augment

water shortage during dry months. In Gumaca, Quezon, the project includes the

construction of mini-dam in Inagbuhan River and construction of three dug wells

upstream of the mini-dam. The project is implemented through the LGU using

Salintubig Fund and is expected to be completed by end of 2016.

The demand for social infrastructure will continue to increase with the continued

implementation of various priority projects of the government. The implementation

of the K to 12 Program in 2016 would entail additional school buildings/classrooms.

The implementation of BuB and HFEP will continue to serve the target stakeholders

and provide them the best social services possible.

In order to provide equitable access to quality social services, social infrastructures

must be in place. Therefore, DepEd, DOH, DPWH, DSWD and other stakeholders

should strengthen convergence in implementing their infrastructure programs.

| 41

This chapter presents the performance of the region towards achieving a resilient and

inclusive financial system. It highlights the approaches, accomplishments, prospects

and challenges of the banking system, microfinance services and cooperatives. It also

assesses the resource mobilization efforts of local government.

The year 2015 depicted significant improvement in Calabarzon’s banking system as

shown in the number of banks, bank density ratio, number of automated teller

machines (ATMs), amount of deposit liabilities, loan portfolio of banks, and number

of microfinance-oriented offices. This is attributed to the increasing number of

financial service providers willing to do business in the region as a result of

rapid urbanization.

The total number of banks operating in Calabarzon increased in 2015. From 1,566 in

2014, the region has 1,621 or 55 new banking offices in 2015 (Table 6.1). The four

percent increase is attributed to new/additional 32 universal and commercial banks

and 41 thrift banks despite the decline of 18 in the number of rural and cooperative

banks. The decrease in the number of rural and cooperative banks could be the result

of mergers and consolidation of banks to sustain operations.

Table 6.1

Number of Offices by Type of Bank, Calabarzon: 2012-2015

Area/Type of Bank 2012 2013 2014 2015 14-15

Change (%)

Calabarzon 1,406 1,509 1,566 1,621 4

Universal and Commercial

Banks

553 584 627 659 5

Thrift Banks 317 382 395 436 10

Rural and Cooperative Banks 536 543 544 526 (3)

Source: Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP)

Table 6.2 shows that the provinces of Batangas, Cavite and Laguna have the most

number of banks in the region. Laguna has the most number of universal and

commercial banks and rural and cooperative banks while Cavite has the most number

of thrift banks.

42 |

Table 6.2

Number of Banks in Calabarzon by Type, by Province, 2014-2015

Province Number of

Universal &

Commercial

Banks

Number of

Thrift Banks

Number of

Rural &

Cooperative

Banks

Total Change

(%)

2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015

Batangas 126 134 104 115 121 121 351 370 5

Cavite 174 178 112 123 57 53 343 354 3

Laguna 179 188 95 104 159 157 433 449 4

Quezon 51 53 23 26 135 132 209 211 1

Rizal 97 106 61 68 72 63 230 237 3

Regional Total 627 659 395 436 544 526 1,566 1,621 4

Source: BSP Supervisory Data Center

The bank density ratio in Calabarzon is 11 percent. This means that there are 11

banks servicing per city/municipality. As shown in Table 6.3, Rizal has the highest

number of banks per city/municipality in 2014 and 2015. One more bank was added in

Rizal, Batangas and Laguna in 2015. These competing banks offer a wide range of

financial products and services such as savings, payment, credit, investment options

and financing/loan portfolio with lower interest rates to attract more clients.

Table 6.3

Bank Density Ratio in Calabarzon, 2014-2015

Province Bank Density Ratio

2014 2015

Batangas 10 11

Cavite 15 15

Laguna 14 15

Quezon 5 5

Rizal 16 17

Calabarzon 11 11


The ATMs installed in the region increased by 14 percent from 2,254 in 2014 to 2,566

machines in 2015 both on-site (those within the location of the bank) and off-site

(those beyond the location of the bank). ATMs were installed to make banking

services more accessible and available for the clients to withdraw cash, pay bills,

transfer funds and do other banking transactions any day and any time.

Among the provinces, Laguna has the most number of on-site and off-site ATMs with

792. Cavite has the highest percentage increase in the number of ATMs at 16 percent.

| 43

Table 6.4

Number of Automated Teller Machines (ATMs), 2012-2015

Type of Bank 2012 2013 2014 2015 14-15

Change (%)

Calabarzon 1,748 2,107 2,254 2,566 14

Onsite 938 1,113 1,192 1,301 9

Universal/Commercial Bank 734 860 913 978 7

Thrift Banks 167 194 207 248 20

Rural and Cooperative Banks 37 59 72 75 4

Offsite 810 994 1,062 1,265 19

Universal/Commercial Bank 720 878 936 1,099 17

Thrift Banks 89 115 125 161 29

Rural and Cooperative Banks 1 1 1 5 4

Source: BSP

Table 6.5.

Number of ATMs in Calabarzon by Type, by Province, 2014-2015

Province

Number of ATMs

on-site

Number of

ATMs off-site

Total

Change

(%)

2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015

Batangas 231 257 166 193 397 450 13

Cavite 311 332 316 394 627 726 16

Laguna 347 378 354 414 701 792 13

Quezon 105 112 54 62 159 174 9

Rizal 198 222 172 202 370 424 15

Regional Total 1,192 1,301 1,062 1,265 2,254 ,566 14 Source: BSP Supervisory Data Center

Deposit liabilities are the money that the people and companies put in banks and that

the banks have to eventually pay. Table 6.6 shows that Calabarzon posted a 16

percent increase in deposit liabilities from 2014 to 2015.

Table 6.6

Deposit Liabilities of Banks in Calabarzon by Province (in Million Pesos), 2014-2015

Province Deposits Liabilities Amount of

Increase

Change

(%) 2014 2015

Batangas 104,208.243 123,900.901 19,692.657 19

Cavite 144,383.003 168,572.396 24,189.393 17

Laguna 152,842.262 174,745.560 21,903.298 14

Quezon 46,464.554 54,312.197 7,847.643 17

Rizal 87,286.031 99,387.830 12,101.798 14

Regional Total 535,184.094 620,918.883 85,734.790 16


44 |

Batangas Province has the highest percentage increase in deposit liabilities at 19

percent. Laguna recorded the highest amount of deposits for two consecutive years

(PhP152,842.262 million in 2014 and PhP174,745.560 million in 2015) while Cavite

has the highest deposit increase of PhP24,189.393 million. The increase in deposit

liabilities indicates that the people trust the banking system to deposit their money

in banks.

Similar to deposit liabilities, loans and receivables are also comprised of both

individual and corporate accounts. Table 6.7 presents the loan portfolio of banks in

Calabarzon by province. The region recorded a 10 percent increase in the amount of

loans and receivables from PhP107 billion in 2014 to PhP117 billion in 2015. Among

the provinces, only Rizal recorded a decrease in bank loan portfolio in 2015.

Table 6.7

Loan Portfolio of Banks in Calabarzon by Province (in Million Pesos), 2014-2015

Province Loans and Receivables Amount of

Increase

Change

(%) 2014 2015

Batangas 24,031.734 27,641.003 3,609.27 15

Cavite 20,462.871 23,598.259 3,135.39 15

Laguna 32,226.333 34,772.251 2,545.92 8

Quezon 13,207.566 14,932.286 1,724.72 13

Rizal 17,547.193 16,749.478 (797.71) (5)

Total 107,475.696 117,693.278 10,217.58 10


Loan to deposit ratio pertains to the portion of deposits utilized into loans for

production or consumption purposes. Banks continued to be a major source of fund

for the production sectors which in turn generate jobs.

Table 6.8 shows that only Cavite posted the lowest loan to deposit ratio of 14.

Likewise, the rest of the provinces registered a decrease in the loan to deposit ratio

from 2014 to 2015.The decline in loan to deposit ratio could be due to the faster rate

of increase in deposit generation compared to credit provision.

Table 6.8

Loan to Deposit Ratio by Province, 2014-2015

Province Loan to Deposit Ratio

2014 2015

Batangas 23 22

Cavite 14 14

Laguna 21 20

Quezon 28 27

Rizal 20 17

Calabarzon 20 19


| 45

Microfinance institutions and cooperatives offer financial services to low income

population who cannot meet the requirements of the formal lending institutions.

Calabarzon has a total of 3,027 registered cooperatives in 2015 (Table 6.9). Majority

of the registered cooperatives are under the multi-purpose type with 1,833 members.

For 2015, two agriculture cooperatives were registered since 2009.

Table 6.9

Number of Registered Cooperatives Per Year/Type: 2009-2015

2009-2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 TOTAL

Advocacy 1 3 1 5

Agrarian 5 1 1 2 1 10

Agriculture 2 2

Consumers 80 39 25 22 24 190

Coopbank 5 5

Credit 266 48 26 29 20 389

Dairy 1 2 1 4

Federation 23 1 24

Fishermen 2 1 1 3 7

Health 3 1 4

Housing 1 1 1 3

Labor 13 1 3 2 19

Marketing 92 26 14 4 19 155

Multipurpose 1,725 24 26 39 19 1,833

Producers 85 18 14 22 29 168

Service 107 4 1 3 2 117

Transport 21 11 6 15 7 60

Union 7 2 1 10

Water 6 1 2 1 10

Worker 10 1 1 12

Total 2,453 177 120 145 132 3,027

Source: CDA-Calamba Extension Office

The Cooperative Development Authority (CDA) Region IV-A was able to meet their

annual targets in terms of number of cooperatives registered for 2013 to 2015

(Table 6.10).

Table 6.10

Number of Registered Cooperatives: 2012-2015

2012 2013 2014 2015

Actual Target Actual Target Actual Target Actual

Number of registered

cooperatives 177 100 120 75 145 80 132


46 |

Total cooperative assets grew by 12 percent from PhP23.364 billion in 2014 to

PhP26.187 billion in 2015 (Table 6.11). The continued increase in the number of

cooperatives was the result of intensified promotional activities with the support of

government and non-government organizations. Provision of incentives like low

interest rate, short processing time of registration, and documentary requirements

that were easy to comply were the facilitating factors. The direct beneficiaries of

having more cooperatives in the region are the low-income population as

cooperatives provide employment and investment opportunities to its members.

Table 6.11

Total Cooperative Assets Based on Encoded AFS (in billion pesos)

2012 2013 2014 2015 2014-

2015

%

increase

Cooperative Assets Based on Encoded

AFS 19.596

no data

available 23.364 26.187 12


On the other hand, microfinance-oriented banks increased from 79 offices in 2014 to

100 in 2015 (Table 6.12). While Rizal had a remarkable increase in the number of

microfinance-oriented banking offices from one in 2014 to 15 in 2015, Quezon

declined from 53 to 50 banking offices. The decline could be due to bank closures

particularly rural and cooperative banks which failed to sustain operations.

Table 6.12

Number of Microfinance-Oriented Offices by Province, 2014-2015


The revenue collections of local government units (LGUs) showed an increasing trend

from 2013 to 2015 (Table 6.13). In 2015, real property tax (RPT) collection increased

by 13 percent, business tax increased by seven percent, and economic enterprises

increased by six percent. Although collection from fees and charges decreased by one

percent in 2015 from its 2014 collection, it was still above target.

Province

Number of Microfinance-

Oriented Banking Offices

Change

(%)

2014 2015

Batangas 7 7 -

Cavite 0 0 -

Laguna 18 28 56

Quezon 53 50 (6)

Rizal 1 15 1400

Regional Total 79 100 27

| 47

Table 6.13

Revenue Type, Actual Collections, Calabarzon 2013-2015 (in million pesos)

Revenue Type 2013 2014 2013-2014

Change (%) 2015

2014-

2015

Change

(%)

Real Property Tax 9,674.85 10,993.41 14 12,462.78 13

Business Tax 7,756.10 9,006.70 16 9,673.99 7

Fees and Charges 2,692.03 3,319.88 23 3,300.27 (1)

Economic Enterprises 1,699.32 1,913.88 13 2,019.95 6

Source: Bureau of Local Government Finance (BLGF) – Calabarzon

As shown in Table 6.14, RPT targets for 2013 and 2014 showed a less than 100 percent

attainment versus actual collections in comparison with other revenue types. In 2015

RPT collections surpassed its target by PhP12.46 million attaining 101 percent in

actual collections.

Table 6.14

Revenue Type, Targets, Accomplishments, Calabarzon 2013-2015 (in million pesos)

Revenue Type 2013 2014 2015

% attained % attained Target Actual % attained

Real Property Tax 85% 95% 12,397.79 12,462.78 101%

Business Tax 130% 109% 9,289.19 9,673.99 104%

Fees and Charges 114% 130% 3,077.27 3,300.27 107%

Economic Enterprises 117% 104% 1,976.13 2,019.95 102%

Source: BLGF Calabarzon

The improvement in RPT collection was due to the conduct of frequent ocular

inspections of real properties and general review of real property assessment. Other

facilitating factors were the updating of local revenue code which includes increase in

local taxes, good maintenance of records by the LGUs, conduct of examination of

revenue and improved business processes. LGUs also conducted capability building

and financial education to assessors and treasurers. Information dissemination and

campaigns were also conducted to remind the citizens to pay their taxes on time.

Some LGUs provided incentives to taxpayers such as condonation of penalties, giving

of discounts to early payors and granting of extension on payments as part of

their strategies.

The year 2015 showed Calabarzon’s improvement in its financial system. The

challenge is to surpass its performance in the succeeding years to better serve the

needs of the people. The performance of the banking sector in the region is expected

to continue its growth as the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP) aims to expand its

financial reach to include various stockholders. BSP, CDA, BLGF and the LGUs will be

pursuing their public information campaigns, financial learning programs and other

advocacies to sustain the gains of the financial sector.

48 |

This chapter assesses the performance of government agencies in improving delivery

of public service by ensuring transparency, accountability, efficiency,

competitiveness and productivity.

The Cities and Municipalities Competitiveness Index (CMCI) coverage expanded since

it started in 2013. The LGUs participating in the CMCI have increased from 26 in

2013, 61 in 2014 and 100 in 2016 or 70 percent of the LGUs in the region. Calabarzon

LGUs were included in the top 10 overall most competitive provinces, cities

and municipalities.

Table 7.1 shows the most competitive LGUs in Calabarzon. The most competitive

LGUs are expected to create a more business-friendly environment for the future

locators, thus creating a more vibrant economy and employment for the localities.

Table 7.1

Ranking of Calabarzon LGUs in the 2015 Cities and Municipalities Competitiveness Index

LGU Rank

Province

Rizal - 6th place 6th

Cavite - 9th place 9th

Component Cities Rank

Imus City, Cavite 3rd

Bacoor City, Cavite 5th

Antipolo City, Rizal 6th

Dasmarinas City, Cavite 7th

Batangas City, Batangas 10th

1st to 2nd Class Municipalities Rank

General Trias, Cavite 1st

Taytay, Rizal 3rd

Angono, Rizal 6th

3rd to 6th class Municipalities Rank

Infanta, Quezon 3rd

Pagsanjan, Laguna 7th

Taal, Batangas 8th

| 49

The LGUs were evaluated based on economic dynamism, infrastructure and

government efficiency. For Economic Dynamism and the Infrastructure pillars,

majority of the LGUs included in the top 10 were from the region. While no LGU was

included in the top 10 in the Government Efficiency pillar, the region needs to focus

its initiatives in improving efficient delivery of public service at the local and

regional levels.

As of 2015, 196 out of 273 regional line agencies were compliant with Strategic

Performance Management System (SPMS). This is a 30 percent increase compared to

the previous year. Likewise, agencies with functional SPMS doubled to 138 this year

from 66 in 2014, as a result of the effective advocacies and monitoring activities of

the Civil Service Commission (CSC). The SPMS is a tool to ensure that the employees’

performances are aligned with the objectives and priorities of the organizations.

The Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation - Enhanced Provincial

Development and Physical Framework Plans (DRR/CCA-PDPFP) have been completed

and endorsed by the Sanguguniang Panlalawigan, in 2015. The plans which provide

for the strategic and long term perspective of the province on the use of physical

resources, mainstreamed the mitigating strategies in DRR/CCA to ensure sustainable

development and build disaster-resilient communities in the region.

On the formulation of the Comprehenseive Development Plan (CLUP), 124 out of the

128 LGUs have approved CLUP. There were 36 LGUs with updated CLUPs, 21 are due

for updating in 2016, 46 have completed modular trainings or with consultants, while

24 need continuing modular trainings. The CLUP contains strategic directions on the

spatial dimension and on the utilization of physical resources of the cities

and municipalities.

From 2013-2015, 100 percent of the LGUs have prepared their Executive and

Legislative Agenda (ELA). The LGUs were mandated to prepare their ELAs to guide

both the executive and legislative local officials on the priority programs, projects

and activities to be implemented within their three year term of office based on the

Comprehensive Development Plan. The Department of the Interior and Local

Government (DILG) monitored the status of implementation of the ELAs on a

quarterly basis.

The Annual Investment Plans 2015 were submitted by all LGUs and used by DILG as a

tool to monitor utilization of resources.

50 |

The region exerted its effort to mainstream Gender and Development (GAD) in the

local Plan and Budget. All the LGUs have submitted GAD Plan and Budget for CY

2014 to CY 2015. Likewise, 147 LGUs have submitted the GAD Annual Report for CY

2013 and CY 2014. Validation of 2015 GAD Annual Report is still on going. For CY

2016, 68 of the 147 LGUs have already submitted their GAD Plan and Budget to DILG

for review.

All LGUs have designated GAD Focal Point System. However, only 102 LGUs have

GAD Codes and only 66 have established their GAD database system.

The Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) Region IV-A in 2014 reported that 117

LGUs have streamlined their Business Permit and Licensing System. The number

increased to 123 LGUs in 2015, All the LGUs validated are compliant with the

standard number of signatories for both new and renewal applicants and consistent

with the requirements of the Anti-Red Tape Act.

However, most of the validated LGUs were not compliant with the standard steps in

both renewal and new applications. The reasons cited non-compliance the were

unaccessibility of internet connection, lack of personnel, no permanent position for

Business Permit and Licensing Office, and increase in volume of registrants. There

were still LGUs not using the BPLS unified form.

According to the report of the CSC in 2014 of the compliance of RLA to the Anti-Red

Tape Act, 14 got Excellent rating, 66 Good, 12 Acceptable, 4 Failed, and 0

Outstanding. While in 2015, 10 have Excellent rating, 74 Good, 7 Acceptable, 1 Failed,

and 0 Outstanding. The number of RLAs with Excellent, and Acceptable ratings

decreased, however, the number of RLAs with Good, and Failed have improved. The

CSC continues to advocate for the compliance of the RLAs to the Anti-Red Tape Act

to ensure better public service to the population.

The DILG Region IV-A reported that in 2015, all 4,011 barangays in Calabarzon were

assessed for the Lupon Tagapamayapa Incentives and Awards. The award system

recognizes the barangays with excellent performance in resolving disputes within

their communities. Each winner received PhP50,000 cash prize. The following were

the winners in four categories:

| 51

Barangay Marketview, Lucena City - Highly Urbanized City

Barangay Molino III, Bacoor City, Cavite - Component City

Barangay Manggahan, Gen. Trias, Cavite - 1st to 3rd Class Municipality

Barangay Bataan, Sampaloc, Quezon - 4th to 6th Class Municipality

The Seal of Good Local Governance (SGLG) is a scaled-up version of the Seal of Good

Housekeeping (SGH). In 2015, there are a total of 26 LGUs were conferred with the

SGLG at the Development Academy of the Philippines, Tagaytay City, Cavite. All the

LGUs including Provincial Offices were assessed. The LGUs confered were the

Province of Batangas, Bacoor City and Imus City in Cavite, Calamba City and San

Pablo City in Laguna, and Lucena City, Quezon and Municipalities of Agoncillo, San

Nicolas, Taysan, and San Luis in Batangas, Carmona and General Mariano Alvarez in

Cavite, Pakil, Pila, Rizal, San Pedro, and Santa Maria in Laguna, Agdangan,

Candelaria, Gumaca, Real, and Sampaloc in Quezon, Angono, Binangonan, Taytay,

and Teresa in Rizal.

With the extensive requirements for the SGLG, there were fewer LGUs conferred with

the seal compared with the SGH.

An increasing trend in the number of LGUs that are fully compliant with the Full

Disclosure Policy (FDP) Portal Posting was reported, from 89% in 2013, 93% in 2014,

and 96% in 2015. The posting of documents in the portal it is one of the requirements

to avail of loans and conferment of the SGLG.

The LGUs are required by the law to engage the Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) in

crafting programs and projects that will ensure inclusivity of the marginalized sector.

The CSOs comprised 50 percent of the membership of the Local Poverty Reduction

Action Team. The 142 LGUs were able to prepare their Local Poverty Reduction

Action Plan in 2015 from only 52 LGUs in 2014.

The targets for the Cities with Citizen Satisfaction Survey were identified by the DILG

Central Office. From 2013 to 2015, all the LGUs passed the satisfaction survey. In

2015, there were 10 cities assessed which include Cavite City, Trece Martires City,

Imus City, Tagaytay City, Dasmariñas City, and Bacoor City for Cavite province, San

Pablo City and San Pedro in City for Laguna, and Tayabas City for Quezon.

52 |

According to the Department of Justice-Parole and Probation Administration (DOJ-

PPA) Region IV-A, there was a decreasing trend in the number of the rehabilitation

interventions conducted during the past three years. There were 29,696 in 2013,

26,216 in 2014, and 19,096 interventions conducted in 2015. The number of

complaint clients under supervision, likewise, decreased from 3,712 in 2013, 3,572 in

2014, and 2,387 in 2015.

The decrease was attributed with the implementation oof Republic Act 9165 or the

“Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002” making drug offenses no longer

probationable. The interventions for the rehabilitation of clients were strengthened

with the adoption of the rehabilitation programs and the support given by some LGUs

which helped the DOJ-PPA Region IV-A sustain the implementation of the

harmonized program in rehabilitating the clients holistically and making them

productive individuals of the society.

One of the challenges facing the region is improving government efficiency by

creating business friendly environment and ease doing business to attract

investments and generate employment opportunities in the region.

The region has targeted to include all the local government units in the 2016 Cities

and Municipalities Index Survey. The Regional Competitiveness Committee has to

focus its advocacy on improving the existing systems and procedures towards

competitiveness and productivity.

The region has to intensify advocacies and monitoring efforts related to addressing

anti-corruption. Implementation and monitoring of the Full Disclosure Policy to

barangay level and improvements to SGLG and other programs that would encourage

transparency, accountability and efficiency has to be pursued.

| 53

The target poverty incidence among population was not met. The situation, however,

improved as poverty incidence declined from 14.3 percent in 2012 to 13.4 percent in

2015. Despite the decline, Calabarzon failed to breach the 2006 poverty incidence of

13.1 percent and some sectors of society were not able to fully benefit from the

economic growth.

This chapter discusses the regional performance in improving access to quality basic

services including health and nutrition, education, social protection, housing, and

asset reform. The assessment of these sub-sectors explains the progress in poverty

reduction and reveals the factors behind the existing pockets of poverty. The final

section presents the challenges and prospects in social development.

The region attained its target on: 1) infant mortality rate; 2) under 5 mortality rate; 3)

prevalence of underweight and severely underweight preschool children; 4) malaria

mortality; 5) malaria morbidity; 6) tuberculosis case detection; and 7) tuberculosis

success rate.

On the other hand, the proportion of births attended by health professionals did not

meet the target of 90 percent and barely increased from 87 percent in 2014 to 88

percent in 2015. Likewise, the target proportion of births delivered in the facility was

not achieved but rose from 80 percent to 84 percent in the same period. With these

marginal increases, the target maternal mortality per 100,000 live births was not

attained and recorded a surge from 50 in 2014 to 76 in 2015.

Meanwhile, the region attained its target infant mortality and under-five mortality

rates per 1,000 live births through the implementation of new born screening, the

Breast Feeding Act and proper infant care, among others.

Figure 8.1. Infant and under five mortality rate decreased per 1,000 live births, 2012-2015

Data Source: DOH Region IV-A

7.5 7 7 9 7.8 8 10 13

22 22 22 25 25 25

0

10

20

30

2012 InfantMortality




2012 Underfive mortality




Actual Target

54 |

However, there were slight increases in both indicators from 2014 to 2015. The region

also registered low performance in terms of 1 year old fully immunized children

which may be attributed to immunized children that were not reported by

private hospitals.

Malnutrition is considered by the World Health Organization as the most important

threat to health. Hence, Calabarzon aims to decrease the prevalence of underweight

and severely underweight children (0-71 months) as well as the prevalence of over

nutrition. The target prevalence of underweight and severely underweight pre-school

children in Calabarzon was met. The figure decreased from 7 percent in 2014 to 5

percent in 2015 which may be due to the implementation of feeding program and 4Ps,

among others. In terms of over nutrition, the region still fell short of the target and

hardly improved from 2.15 percent in 2014 to 2.08 percent in 2015. The proliferation

of fast food chains, unhealthy food choices and high stress environment are among

the identified causes of over nutrition in the region.

The region did not meet its target contraceptive prevalence rate of 65 percent but

showed improvement from 33 percent in 2014 to 40 percent in 2015. This may be due

to various IEC and advocacy activities of the Department of Health (DOH) and

Commission on Population (POPCOM). However, there is still a need to intensify

advocacy on responsible parenthood and family planning program with the non-

achievement of targets which may be rooted in religious beliefs. Improving

contraceptive prevalence may also help address the concern on HIV/AIDS as cases

increased from 867 in 2014 to 1267 in 2015. The increase in cases may be attributed

to the region’s proximity to Metro Manila, and the existence of ports that is also

identified for HIV cases. The recorded increase may also be a result of strengthened

reporting system at the LGU level as well as the HIV/AIDS prevention and early

detection campaign.

In terms of combatting tuberculosis, the increase in cases detection resulted in

improved TB success rate/cure rate from 89 percent in 2014 to 91 percent in 2015.

There were no cases of malaria mortality and morbidity in the region from 2014 to

2015. The region aims to be declared malaria free by sustaining zero malaria

incidence for five consecutive years.

In general, the region attained 7 out of the 22 targets in health and nutrition. This

may be due to the insufficient health manpower at the local level. The region has yet

to achieve the standard ratio for doctors, nurses and midwives despite the increase in

employed health personnel. While there are vacancies for doctors, nurses and

midwives in the region, there are few applicants despite the competitive salary of

government health personnel.

| 55

Basic Education

The improvement in access to basic education brought about by the Enhanced Basic

Education Act and the Kinder Basic Education Act, as measured through net

enrolment ratio was not sustained in 2014. The target ratio in kindergarten,

elementary and secondary was not achieved. The target deficit was highest in

secondary at 13.77 and lowest in elementary at 3.19 percent. The biggest net

enrollment ratio decline was in kindergarten at three percent. In elementary, the

ratio only decreased by 0.46 percent. It also recorded the highest ratio among the

three levels in 2014 at 91.91 percent.

Figure 8.2. Net enrollment ratio in kindergarten, elementary and secondary, 2012-2014

Data source: Department of Education (DepEd) Region IV-A

The implementation of the cut-off age of five years old may have caused the low net

enrollment ratio in kindergarten. The option for kids of kindergarten age to undergo

informal early education through daycares funded by the Department of Social

Welfare and Development (DSWD) or LGUs may have also contributed.

The big target deficit in net enrollment ratio in secondary may be explained by

various factors cited in the 2011 Annual Poverty Indicators Survey. Employment

stands as the top reason for not attending school in Calabarzon among population 6-

24 years old (38.9 percent). Three other highly cited reasons are high cost of

education (16.2%), lack of personal interest (15.3%), and early marriage (10.5%)

which was predominant among females.

The lack of interest may stem from informational constraints on parents' lack of

appreciation of the socioeconomic returns of education. To address this, the

Alternative Learning System (ALS) was implemented. However, the enrollment rate

under the ALS is not included in the net enrollment ratio except for its 'Alternative

65.25%

91.30%

88.30%

88.50% 92.37% 91.91%

68.21% 70.13%

68.33%

79.30%

89.70%

94.10% 95.10%

76.40%

82.10%

50.00%

55.00%

60.00%

65.00%

70.00%

75.00%

80.00%

85.00%

90.00%

95.00%

100.00%

Kinder 2012 2013 2014 Elem 2012 2013 2014 Secon 2012 2013 2014

Actual Target

56 |

Delivery Mode' component which is considered as formal education. In 2014, 23,804

students were registered under the ALS.

On a positive note, the internal efficiency of schools improved as their capacity to

retain students and produce graduates increased. The cohort survival rate in

elementary exceeded the target by 14.03 percent and rose by 11.84 percent from 2013

to 2014. Cohort survival rate in secondary though slightly lower at 89.31 percent, also

surpassed the target by 7.21 percent and improved by 6.64 percent during the same

period. Topping the targets, Calabarzon posted completion rates of 95.71 percent in

elementary and 86.00 percent in secondary.

The conditional cash transfer program may have helped keep children in schools.

Household beneficiaries may receive up to PhP15,000 every year for five years if they

comply with the conditions, one of which is “children-beneficiaries aged 3-18 must

enroll in school, and maintain an attendance of at least 85 percent of class days

every month”.

Child protection policies including the Anti-Bullying Act of 2013 may also account for

the improvement in student retention and completion. School partnerships with

LGUs, private sector and alumni associations to implement feeding programs, school

supplies distribution and school facilities upgrading may have also contributed to

the improvement.

While schools’ internal efficiency progressed, much has still to be done to uplift basic

education quality in the region. Target achievement rates in both elementary and

secondary have been constantly unachieved since 2012. The achievement rate in

secondary was 22.35 percent short of the target and dipped from 49.08 in 2013 to

44.45 percent in 2014. The rate in elementary though higher, still fell below the target

by 15.11 percent and declined from 59.82 percent in 2013 to 57.89 percent in 2015.

Figure 8.3. Achievement rate in elementary and secondary, 2012-2014

Data Source: DepEd Region IV-A

65.96%

59.82% 57.89%

49.01% 49.08% 44.45%

72.50% 73.00%

62.70% 66.80%

0.00%

10.00%

20.00%

30.00%

40.00%

50.00%

60.00%

70.00%

80.00%

Elementary 2012 2013 2014 Secondary 2012 2013 2014

Actual Target

| 57

Technical Vocational Education and Training

Calabarzon performed well in terms of Technical Vocational Education and Training

(TVET) as it exceeded its targets on (a) enrolment, (b) graduates, (c) person assessed,

(d) person certified and (e) certification rate.

Target TVET enrolment and graduation rates were surpassed by 42,099 enrollees and

51,940, respectively. TVET enrollment rate also improved by 12 percent in 2015.

Likewise, the graduation rate also improved by 11 percent during the same period.

The number of persons assessed under TVET exceeded the target and recorded an

increase of 28 percent from 2014 to 2015. This may be an indication of the public’s

growing appreciation of the value of certification to affirm skilled workers’

competence in their respective fields. Various promotion and advocacy activities like

provincial motorcades and job fairs may have helped heighten the public’s

appreciation. Tapping popular TVET champions to show the potential of TVET to

produce successful graduates with the capability to uplift their families’ condition

was also a notable initiative.

Of the 169,242 persons assessed, 88.8 percent passed the certification. While this rate

is higher than the 2015 target of 84 percent, it is slightly lower than the 2014

accomplishment of 89.2 percent. It may also be noted that the certification rate has

declined in 2015 due to more stringent requirements.

Figure 8.4. Number of persons assessed and certified, 2012-2015

Data Source: TESDA Region IV-A

Higher Education

Calabarzon higher education institutions (HEIs) increasingly produce graduates.

However, enhancing the quality of higher education remains a challenge.

The number of HEI graduates in 2015 exceeded the target by 13.20 percent and

increased by 2 percent from 2014. This may be attributable to the high number of

Student Financial Assistance Program (StuFAP) recipients at 11,020. A range of

81.7%

87.1%

89.2% 88.8%

76.0%

78.0%

80.0%

82.0%

84.0%

86.0%

88.0%

90.0%

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

140000

160000

180000

2012 2013 2014 2015

Persons assessed

Persons certified

Certification rate

58 |

StuFAP options are available to students – from full, partial and private school

scholarships to grants-in-aid like the the Tulong Dunong Program, and to student

loans. It should be noted, however, that while this means topping the 2015 StuFAP

target by 1,036 percent, it also represents a 76.28 percent decrease from last year.

StuFAP slot allocation across regions is centrally determined by the Commission on

Higher Education (CHED) depending on student population and available funding. As

funds were limited in 2015, the slot allocation decreased in the region.

Looking at higher education quality indicators, graduates may be increasing but may

face the risk of unemployment or underemployment. Program accreditation, a quality

assurance mechanism to pressure HEIs to constantly improve, fell short of the target

by 17.51 percent. Likewise, the number of HEIs with accredited programs in 2015

dipped by 63.16 percent from 2014. This may be attributable to the voluntary nature

of accreditation and the high cost it entails. The financial assistance ranging from

PhP100,000 to PhP500,000 extended by CHED helped some HEIs undergo

accreditation. Others may still find the assistance insufficient considering the

corresponding cost of upgrading facilities, enhancing instructional materials and

developing capabilities of faculty.

Progress in faculty development in terms of PhD attainment was reduced by the

substantial decline in MA attainment. The number of higher education faculty with

PhD surpassed the target by 3.65 percent and grew by 14.30 percent from last year.

On the other hand, higher education faculty with MA degree was 69.40 percent less

than the target and dropped by 66.26 percent from 2014. While faculty development

plans are implemented, the scholarship slots available in the region are limited.

On a positive note, for the first time in three years, the Center of Excellence Programs

increased from 11 to 14 while the Center of Development Programs increased from 10

to 12. The region surpassed the targets in both indicators.

The region’s 2015 poverty incidence among population of 13.4 is below the national

poverty incidence of 26.3. This may partly be a result of the achievement of all social

protection targets in Calabarzon. However, Quezon recorded a poverty incidence of

28.2 percent which is higher than the national poverty incidence. Six municipalities

of Quezon exhibited signs of chronic poverty with four municipalities registering

poverty incidence greater than 50 percent.

The Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) or the conditional cash transfer is

the flagship program and strategy of the Aquino administration in reducing poverty.

The program, which started in 2008, provides cash grants to poor households to allow

them meet some of the human development goals i.e. access to basic education and

improved health, among others. Based on the National Household Targeting System

for Poverty Reduction (NHTS-PR) survey results, the program has served 328,256

poor households in Calabarzon from 2014 to 2015.

| 59

To accelerate poverty reduction, the government implemented the Accelerated and

Sustainable Anti-Poverty Program (ASAPP). The ASAPP is a convergence of efforts of

different government agencies to provide livelihood and employment opportunities.

The ASAPP was pilot-tested in the municipalities of Quezon. The ASAPP team,

composed of DOLE, BFAR, TESDA, DTI, DepEd, DENR, DSWD, DOH, DOT, DPWH,

DA, DAR, DOST, DILG, PCA and NNC, provided interventions in Quezon amounting

to P459,499,483.70. Some of the assistance were the DOLE’s Special Program for

Employment of Students and Integrated Livelihood and Emergency Program which

gave a financial assistance amounting to P 9,077,614 and the BFAR’s aquaculture-

related services, such as establishment of community fish landing centers, fish

sanctuaries, ports and wharves, and provision of boats, among others. BFAR’s

assistance amounted to P28.764 million. TESDA provided trainings which resulted to

certification of 775 trainees. The Shared Service Facility Program and Negosyo Center

of DTI under the ASAPP also assisted 779 beneficiaries, while DepEd aid in the hiring

of additional 175 teachers. Other agencies such as DSWD, DOST, DOH, DA and DAR

also allotted funds under the program. DOT and DPWH, on the other hand,

committed the project completion of roads and bridges to promote eco and agri-

tourism in the localities and island municipalities.

DOLE assisted 13,525 youth by bridging employment and provided emergency

employment and livelihood assistance to 5,992 workers. A strategy used by the

agency was the assistance using the Bottom-up-Budgeting wherein 4,147 workers in

the formal sector were provided emergency employment and income augmentation.

DOLE was also able to assist a total of 303 distressed OFWs while OWWA aid

provision of scholarships to 868 OFWs, livelihood assistance to 273 OFWs, death and

burial assistance to 485 OFWs and dismemberment assistance to 62 OFWs. The

number of OFWs who are OWWA members also increased to 24,368 from the 22,327

members in 2014.

The RDC executed the Strengthening, Up scaling, Mainstreaming International

Migration and Development (SUMMID) in Calabarzon Project which aims to provide

socio-economic empowerment and social protection for OFs and their families left

behind. The project was able to train 600 OFs and their family members and trainers

from the LGUs on family and income management, entrepreneurship and

management, case management, reintegration planning and counseling and setting

up of one-stop migration resource centers as well as creation of provincial and

municipal committees on migration and development (M&D). The one-stop

migration resource centers present in each of the five provinces are now fully

operational providing socio-economic and psychosocial services for migrants and

their families. To sustain the initiatives of the SUMMID project, the LGUs are now in

the front line of providing services by creating the one-stop migration resource

centers which they directly fund. The LGUs are also encouraged to mainstream M&D

into their local development plans and budget. To improve the economic and health

conditions of the indigent senior citizens, DSWD continue to provide a P 500 monthly

60 |

cash grant to eligible senior citizens under the Expanded Senior Citizen Act. In 2015,

a total of 72,285 beneficiaries were able to access the social pension which amounted

to P126,650,000.

The total Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (CARP) scope in Calabarzon

covers 212,670 hectares of land. As of 2015, 187,821 hectares or 88% of the target

area for distribution to Agrarian Reform Beneficiaries in the provinces of Batangas,

Cavite, Laguna, Quezon I, Quezon II and Rizal have been distributed. With this,

agrarian reform progressed in 2015 but not in the desired pace. DAR Region IV-A was

not able to meet its 2015 land acquisition and distribution target having able to

distribute only 3,460.52 hectares out of its total target of 6,209 hectares, equivalent

to a 56 percent accomplishment. Comparatively, the 2015 performance declined from

the previous year when 6,747 hectares of land were distributed in the region.

Figure 8.5. Hectares of land distributed under CARP, 2013-2015

Data Source: DAR Region IV-A

The 56 percent accomplishment in 2015 is due to the land acquisition and

distribution process that goes through four milestones: Milestone No. 1 - Claim

Folder Preparation and Documentation; Milestone No. 2 - Survey; Milestone No. 3 -

Valuation; and Milestone No. 4 - EP/CLOA Registration. Accomplishment in land

distribution is recorded only when the Emancipation Patents and Certificate of Land

Ownership Awards are issued. The targeted landholdings for 2015 that were

processed by DAR and reached Milestone 3 were not included in the accomplishment.

Across provinces, only Batangas exceeded its target. The 2015 accomplishment rate is

relatively low as most of the lands left for distribution are problematic.

The regional accomplishment in housing met the target and increased in 2015. This

was largely due to improved financing terms. More members were encouraged by the

decreasing interest rate as well as the improved processes. The 16 percent interest

5,061

6,747

3,469

5,061

10,211

13,280 100%

66%

26%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

120%

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

2013 2014 2015

Actual

Target

Accomplishment rate

| 61

rate in 2008 went down to 6.5 percent in 2015. In addition, accredited developers

assisted members in the loan application.

However, the combined performance of the Pag-IBIG Fund and Social Housing

Finance Corporation in socialized housing declined from 4,643 in 2014 to 4,627 in

2015. This was due to the 33 percent decrease in the number of informal settler

families assisted by the Social Housing Finance Corporation from 2,709 in 2014 to

1,816 in 2015. Accordingly, the loans for socialized housing also fell by 30 percent at

PhP 100.7 million in 2015. Financial barriers discouraged informal settler families in

availing socialized housing. Transfer of title, including the payment for surveyors

were among the expenses that beneficiaries have to pay on their own.

Weak organizations also surfaced as a problem as some community associations

lacked savings required for cash deposit. Processes in other community associations

were also put on hold as more than 10 percent of the community members were

considered recalcitrant. This may be attributed to the insufficient number of

Community Mortgage Program mobilizers in the region. The mobilizers are Social

Housing Finance Corporation-accredited government or non-government

organizations working with communities of informal settlers to assist, organize and

prepare communities to participate in the program.

Assistance under socialized housing is demand-driven or determined by application

from communities rather than needs-based. Hence, the program does not respond to

actual housing backlog as reflected in the estimates of informal settlers.

In terms of local shelter plans, 33 LGUs were assisted in the preparation. This meant

exceeding the 2015 target by 22 percent and the previous year's accomplishment by

175 percent. A key factor was the strong collaboration with the DILG in implementing

the mandamus to clean up Manila Bay. DILG intervened to increase LGU compliance

with the mandamus which involved the formulation of LSPs.

The region can decrease maternal mortality, infant mortality and under-five

mortality by strengthening the maternal health program, increasing the number of

birthing facilities and continuously implementing new born screening. The region

also hopes to be a malaria-free region through maintaining zero malaria case in

the provinces.

Improving the quality of education is a challenge particularly with the K to 12

implementation in 2016. The impact may manifest in a few years’ time as the first

batch of Grade 6 and Grade 12 under K to 12 will graduate in 2018 while the first

batch of learners who went through the full K to 12 12 Program will graduate in 2024.

The reorganization of the Social Housing Finance Corporation presents opportunities

in improving socialized housing. The election of new local officials presents

challenges and opportunities for reforms in government.

62 |

Calabarzon sustained a generally peaceful environment in 2015. Internal conflict-

affected barangays have been continuously decreasing since 2013 and a growing

number of former rebels have been reintegrated into society through government

programs and projects. The Police Regional Office (PRO) Calabarzon adopted

programmatic and sustainable approaches to combat criminality, which resulted to a

notable decrease in crime incidence.

This chapter assesses the status and accomplishment in terms of maintaining peace

and security in the region.

The Office of the Presidential Adviser on the Peace Process (OPAPP) and the Armed

Forces of the Philippines reported a decreasing number of internal conflict-affected

barangays from 15 barangays in 2013 down to three in 2015, all in Quezon province.

OPPAP has identified the municipalities of Catanauan, Mulanay, Buenavista, San

Narciso and San Francisco as affected by and vulnerable to conflict. These are

contiguous municipalities at the southern tip of Quezon province which have poverty

incidence greater than 20 percent based on the 2012 Small Area Poverty Estimates.

Figure 9.1. Quezon Small Area Poverty Estimates, 2012.

| 63

The decrease in the number of conflict-affected areas in Quezon province could be a

result of the convergence efforts of government in delivering reintegration programs

and basic social services such as Comprehensive Local Integration Program, Bottom-

Up Budgeting, Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) and the PAyapa at

MAsaganang PamanayaNAn (PAMANA).

PAMANA is a program for peacebuilding offered to conflict-affected areas to improve

the quality of life in these areas. OPPAP reported 39 former rebels enrolled in the

PAMANA program, a 34 percent increase from 29 former rebels reported in 2013. The

decrease could be attributed to the effective implementation of Comprehensive Local

Integration Program, a national reintegration program for rebels aimed at achieving

peaceful and permanent closure of all armed conflict with non-stategroups.

In addition, DSWD has provided water supply, conditional cash grants through the

4Ps and community livelihood to conflict-affected areas and other municipalities

with high poverty incidence in Quezon province.

There was a notable decrease in total crime volume, from 75,884 in 2014 to 64,463 in

2015, a 15.05 percent decrease. This could be attributed to the improved crime

prevention. The crime incidents based on the Philippine National Police (PNP) blotter

cases reported a total of 46,848 or 72.67 percent of the total crime volume. Of the

crime volume 15,074 or 32.18 percent were index crimes while 31,774 or 67.82

percent were non-index crimes (Figure 9.2). Of the 46,848 crime incidents, 24,381

were cleared thereby attaining a 47.79 percent Crime Clearance Efficiency, a decrease

of 11.23 percent from the recorded Crime Clearance Efficiency last year. Cases solved

reported were 14,683 attaining a 34.14 percent Crime Solution Efficiency, a decrease

of 0.93 percent.

Figure 9.2. Comparative Crime Volume, Calabarzon 2014-2015

44,625 46,848

815 942

30,444 16,673

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

80000

Jan to Dec 2014 Jan to Dec 2015

BRGY

LEA

PNP BLOTTER

11,421

(15.05%)

64 |

Figure 9.3. Distribution of Index Crimes from PNP Blotter, Calabarzon, 2015.

The PNP continues its effort to improve crime prevention. About 789,906 police

integrated patrols were mobilized as part of the intensified implementation of Police

Integrated Patrol System. The implementation of Oplan Katok have resulted to a

significant reduction of loose firearms, increase in number of house visitation for

unrenewed firearms and increase in number of physically accounted unrenewed

firearm licenses. The intensified implementation of “Bantay Turista” has increased

the number of police assistance rendered to tourists. This program ensures safer

environment for tourists, which may have contributed to the increase of tourist

arrivals in the region.

Calabarzon is faced with the problem on illegal drugs. As of January 2016, the

Calabarzon Regional Drug Situationer from the Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency

reported 2,025 out of 4,011 or 59 percent of barangays in Region IV-A were affected

by illegal drugs.

In 2015, PRO Calabarzon started implementing the Oplan Lambat Sibat as a tool to

prevent and suppress crimes by fortifying its mobile patrol operations and going after

most wanted criminals. After its implementation in April 2015, PRO Calabarzon

registered a reduction of crime incidents from 2,774 in the 1st quarter of 2015 to 2,527

in the 2nd quarter of the same year for the focused crimes such as murder, homicide,

theft, robbery, and carnapping of motor vehicles and motorcycles. In the same period,

PRO Calabarzon has arrested a total of 363 most wanted persons, and 71 members of

criminal gangs that are included in the priority target list.

Disasters are threat to peace and security as it affects the environment and the

community. Its severity and scale result to economic and social instability of the

region. As a mitigating measure, the Regional Disaster Risk Reduction and

Management Council (DRRMC) through the Office of Civil Defense Region IV-A has

Physical Injury 23.15%

Robbery 16.70%

Carnapping 10.74%

Murder 9.59%

Rape 9.25%

Homicide 1.88%

Rustling 0.18%

Theft 28.51%

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been actively promoting Disaster Risk Reduction Management (DRRM). In 2015, OCD

was able to train 88,126 individuals on DRRM. All the LGUs at the provincial, city and

municipality levels have completed their respective DRRM Plans.

The efforts of the regional and local DRRMCs resulted to significant decrease in the

annual damages and losses brought by the natural disasters. Typhoon Glenda in 2014

costs at least PHP 8.88 billion damages while Typhoon Nona in 2015 costs at least

PHP 218,992,326.8 damages. U.S. military's Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC)

declared typhoon Glenda a category-4 with maximum sustained winds of 213

kilometer per hour, while typhoon Nona a category-3 equivalent, assigning the storm

maximum sustained winds of 209 kilometer per hour.

The priority of the incoming administration to decrease crime and corruption and

resume peace talks with rebel groups sets a high expectation to improve the peace

and order situation in Calabarzon. The PRO Calabarzon started to take a tough stance

against criminality especially against illegal drugs. The PRO Calabarzon will be

implementing a 3-point agenda on illegal drugs. The plan includes: a) vigorous

operations that identify, locate and neutralize targets; launch crackdown operations;

massive application of search warrants (using the ‘one-time, big time’ approach); and

conduct buy-bust operations; b) gain community support through employment of

Information-Box System, a reward system, and generation of Barangay Anti-Drugs

Abuse Council Watchlist; and c) tough stance in law and enforcement and capability

building which will focus on: (a) internal cleansing; case tracking on drug cases

handled by police officers; review of cases filed against erring police; neutralization

of identified user, pusher, protector, coddle; and regular random drug test of

personnel; (b) performance-based assessment of field commanders through weekly

monitoring and performance audit of accomplishments, provincial directors to

implement appropriate sanctions against non-performing Chiefs of Police, and

initiate reward system; and (c) strengthening of anti-illegal drug unit/s through

selective recruitment off personnel, and competency training.

Despite the active campaign against crime, Calabarzon sees the need for a more

convergent approach to sustain a peaceful environment conducive to growth

and development.

66 |

This chapter discusses the elements of the environment in the region, such as forest,

land and water bodies. The prospects of environment and natural resources in the

region are discussed at the end of the chapter.

The forest cover of Calabarazon has increased by 73,248 hectares from 269,656

hectares in 2012 to 342,904 hectares in 2015 through the National Greening Program

(NGP) of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR). In 2015, a

total of 22,959,850 seedlings have been planted in 22,009 hectares in NGP areas in

Calabarzon with an 88 percent survival rate. Quezon has the highest number of

seedlings (35,053,725) and area planted (42,376 hectares) followed by Rizal with

19,803,048 seedlings and total area planted of 30,217 hectares.

Table 10.1

Management of forest resources and protected areas in Calabarzon, 2012 to 2015

Indicators 2012 2013 2014 2015

Open and denuded forest land area

reforested reduced (ha)

10,700 28,554 23,035 22,009

Forestland with forest cover

increased (ha)

269,656 298,210 321,245 342,904

Timber poaching hotspots

6 0 Decreasing Decreasing

Mangrove area rehabilitated (ha)

- 1,000 823 2,721

Number of costal area with

biodiversity conserved

- 11 14 62

Terrestrial protected areas (PAs)

100% 100% 100% 100%

Marine PAs (LGU designated)

4% 2% 2% 2%

Area of degraded coral reefs in

NIPAs marine PA rehabilitated (ha)

- 2,724 2,724 8,000

Percent of classified caves

effectively managed by LGUs

- - 43% 36%

Source: DENR Region IV-A

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67

Open and denuded forest land area has been reduced by 6,545 hectares from 2013 to

2015 while the total mangrove area rehabilitated increased significantly to 2,721

hectares. As of 2015, the region has achieved 72 percent of its target reforested

mangrove area of 3,766 hectares in 2016.

As of 2015, a total of 90,659 hectares have been reforested which is 88.40 percent of

the targeted 102,560 hectares to be reforested by the end of 2016. Although forest

cover has been increasing in the past years, the main challenge is to ensure the

growth and survival of planted seedlings.

In 2015, 5,803 beneficiaries were given land titles in public alienable and disposal

agricultural lands. Although the number of beneficiaries decreased compared to 2012

to 2014, DENR was still able to exceed its target from 2013 to 2015 which was set to

be lower in later years given that most beneficiaries have been reached earlier.

Meanwhile, 4,097 beneficiaries were given land titles in residential areas in 2015.

Similar to beneficiaries of tenure in agricultural lands, DENR was still able to exceed

its target from 2013 to 2015.

Table 10.2

Secured land tenure in agricultural A&D and residential lands, 2012 to 2015

Indicators 2012 2013 2014 2015

Number of beneficiaries with

secured land tenure in public

agricultural A&D lands completed

by 2015

6,906 6,389 5,812 5,803

Number of beneficiaries with

secured land tenure in residential

lands zoned as residential areas

6,257 2,747 3,911 4,097

Source: DENR Region IV-A

Typhoon Nona followed shortly by the Northeast Monsoon brought continuous

rainfall, triggered landslides and flooding in the region in December 2015. A total of

102,479 individuals in nine cities and 58 municipalities were affected and there were

17 reported deaths. Damages and losses were estimated at PhP 219 million with

Quezon accounting for 57 percent. Damages to infrastructure amounted to PhP 132

million, agriculture and livelihood activities PhP 87 million and PhP 47,400 to

the environment.

68 |

The Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan for Typhoon Nona was endorsed by the RDC to

the NDRRMC and agency central offices for funding in the first quarter of 2016. The

initial funding requirement of the plan is estimated at around PhP 761 million.

The mainstreaming of DRR/CCA into local development plans for included

orientation of local chief executives and legislators and the launching of three

Manuals on Disaster Preparedness on response to natural and man-made calamities.

In 2016, DILG’s Oplan Listo will be rolled out in the community and household level.

All LGUs have approved Local DRRM Plan. In addition, 116 LGUs have approved Local

Climate Change Action Plans (LCCAP) while 134 LGUs have Disaster Contingency

Plans. OCD conducted workshops on Contingency Plan Formulation for LGUs in

major river basins.

Table 10.3

Impacts of disasters and LGUs with approved DRRM Plans, 2012-2015

Indicator 2012 2013 2014 2015 Source

Annual damages and losses

due to natural disasters,

environmental hazards,

human induced and hydro-

meteorological events

reduced (in pesos)

- (No data) P 8.88

billion1

P 218.99

million2

RDRRMC

Loss of lives and causalities

due to natural disasters

reduced

- (No data) 751 172 RDRRMC

Number of LGUs with

approved local DRRM Plan

increased

- (No data) 141 142 cities and

municipalities,

5 provinces

(100%)

OCD, LGU

Notes:

1: Partial data based on Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan (RRP) for Typhoon Glenda Affected Areas

2: Partial data based on RRP for Typhoon Nona and Northeast Monsoon Affected Areas

Source: OCD Region IV-A

Reduction of wastes, particularly domestic or household wastes, is a major challenge

in Calabarzon due to its fast urbanization and increasing population. Out of 142

LGUs, only 29 have approved Solid Waste Management plans.

The region has not achieved its target on closing all open dumpsites and controlled

disposal facilities by 2014. As of 2015, the region still has 38 open dumpsites, 37

controlled disposal facilities and only 10 sanitary landfills. There are still open

dumpsites, controlled disposal facilities and illegal waste disposal facilities in the

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69

region due to constraints on financial and technical capacity and non-prioritization

of LGUs. LGUs are also hesitant to host sanitary landfills because of negative

perceptions on its effects to health and unattractiveness. On hazardous waste monitoring, EMB has reached its target of monitored industries

under chemical control order, treatment storage disposal facilities, healthcare wastes

generators monitored and exceeded its target on the number of monitored generators

with hazardous waste in 2015.

Table 10.4

Solid Waste Management in Calabarzon, 2012 to 2015

Indicators 2012 2013 2014 2015

LGUs with approved 10-year SWM plan

1 - 7 29

Monitoring of materials recovery

facilities (MRF) increased

- 30 42 -

Open dumpsite (OD) monitored

38 39 41 38

Controlled Dump Facilities (CDF)

monitored

45 49 48 37

SLF monitored 16 10 8 10

Source: DENR-EMB IV-A

The Calabarzon region is home to numerous lakes and rivers, including the largest

lake in the country. It is also surrounded by coastal areas in the east, west and

southern area. Protection and conservation of water resources are monitored to

ensure water resources are in acceptable levels to support the production of

industries and meet the demand of households in the region.

Laguna de Bay is classified as Class C or fit for fishing, but not for swimming and

contact recreation (Class B) based on its biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) level.

The average BOD of the lake was recorded at 4.67 mg/L which is within the standard

of less than 10 mg/L for Class C. However, the BOD level of the lake has continuously

increased because of the back flow of water.

The tributaries of the lake in San Pedro, Biñan, Sta. Rosa and Cabuyao are polluted

with BOD levels not conforming with Class C standards. Likewise, tributary rivers

with dissolved oxygen levels not conforming with Class C standards are in Bay, Sta.

Cruz, Pagsanjan, Siniloan, Pililia, Tanay, Baras and Morong. These areas have

settlements and agricultural areas which are the main source of pollutants and

wastes. As opposed to industrial sources which are regulated, domestic and

70 |

agriculture sources are mostly unregulated and become the major sources of solid

wastes and pollution.

As part of the River Rehabilitation Program, clean-up activities for the improvement

of the water quality of the Laguna de Bay Basin were conducted. In 2015, 9 lake and

10 river clean-up activities were conducted wherein 326.98 tons of garbage were

collected, 50 percent of which were plastics and 200 tons was sludge.

However, under the Adopt-a-River Program, the targeted five rivers per year was not

achieved due to lack of interest and budget of LGUs and the private sector.

Table 10.5

Water Quality and Management of Laguna de Bay, 2012 to 2015

Indicator 2012 2013 2014 2015

Average BOD level of Laguna Lake

within standard of <7 mg/L

1.67 2 3 4.67

No. of monitoring conducted

- 636 613 853

No. of structures demolished

2 63 114 98

Area demolished increased (hectares)

100 1,302 119 192

River adopted under the Adopt-a-River

Program

5 0 1 0

Number of clean-ups 5 14 15 19

Source: LLDA

Taal Lake is classified as Class B or fit for recreational activities in addition to

activities under Class C per water quality data collected in 2014. The average BOD is

2.2 mg/L which passed the standard for Class B water which is <5 mg/L.

Table 10.6

Water Quality of Taal Lake, 2012 to 2014

Year Ammonia BOD DO pH Phosphate TSS Total

Coliform

2012 0.04 2.29 8.24 8.50 0.48** 1.61 (No data)

2013 0.02 2.51 7.48 8.53 0.52** 1.96 1830.21**

2014 0.01 2.20 8.13 8.63** 0.55** 3.47 15159.47**

DENR Class B

water criteria

nr*

<5

mg/L

Minimum

5 mg/L 6.5-8.5

0.05-

0.1mg/L 65 mg/L

1000 MPN/

100 mL

Notes:

*No recommendation

**Exceeded DENR Criteria for Class B water

Source: DENR-EMB IV-A

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71

The water quality of the lake in terms of BOD and DO also improved from 2013 to

2014. However, samples collected for the other water quality parameters (pH,

phosphate, total coliforms) indicate that the lake did not meet the Class B criteria,

with total coliforms rising to as high as 15,159 mpn/100 ml in 2014 from 1,830

mpn/100 ml in 2013. For 2015, water quality of Taal Lake is unavailable from DENR-

EMB while only water quality data on the lake’s tributaries for the first quarter of

2015 was monitored by the Taal Volcano protected area unit.

The water quality of major rivers in the region continued to deteriorate. The Imus,

Ylang-Ylang and Rio Grande rivers did not pass the BOD and DO standard for Class C

water in the said time period except in 2013 when the BOD level in Rio Grande River

passed the Class C water standard of below 7 mg/L. The Cañas River is better

compared to the other rivers since it passed the standard for Class C water in terms of

BOD. However, the BOD in the river has been increasing due to solid waste from

informal settlers and other existing pollution sources along river banks which is also

the main reason for the poor water quality in the other rivers. High levels of BOD

cause the level of dissolved oxygen to drop dramatically which may not be able to

support healthy aquatic life.

Informal settlements, without proper septage tanks or sewage system, along the river

are the main cause of pollution of rivers. Resettlement plans by the LGUs, supported

by adequate financing and strict implementation is crucial to move settlements away

from the river side to reduce pollution and clear the river systems from

domestic waste.

In 2013, DENR-EMB Region IV-A, in partnership with the province of Cavite launched

the Imus-Ylang-ylang-Rio Grande Rivers Water Quality Management Area (WQMA).

The WQMA aims to rehabilitate, protect and preserve the water quality of the rivers

to sustain their economic and public health benefits through stakeholder

collaboration. In 2016, DENR established another WQMA in Cavite province which is

the Cañas River and Malimango River that also aims to rehabilitate and protect the

rivers and to reduce pollution loading in Manila Bay.

1

In order to improve air quality, 1,336 industries with potential to pollute the air were

monitored by EMB including private emission testing centers. As for the LGUs’

initiatives, 24 LGUs have enforced a ban on open air burning.

1 There was no available DENR-EMB data on air quality in terms Total Suspended particulate (ug/Ncm) or

Particulate Matter (PM) 10 and PM 2.5.

72 |

The major environmental issues facing the region are pollution of water bodies, waste

management and disaster risk reduction.

The water quality of Laguna de Bay and major rivers have not improved which is

mostly due to pollution from households and non-conforming industries or business

establishments. WQMAs have been created to rehabilitate and conserve rivers. The

Imus-Ylang Ylang-Rio Grande Rivers WQMA through the City of Imus has adopted an

ordinance establishing a septage management system. In addition, septage and

sewerage treatment plants have increasingly been established by water providers

operating in Cavite and Rizal. In 2015, LLDA upgraded its laboratory equipment and

facilities for water quality monitoring and updated the Laguna de Bay Basin

Masterplan that is targeted to be finalized in 2016.

Strengthened pollution control from domestic and agriculture sources will improve

the overall water quality of Laguna Lake and other major water bodies in the region.

The relocation of informal settlers near bodies of water, strict enforcement of zoning

in water bodies and nearby LGUs, regular monitoring of water and sewage treatment

plants, involvement of more stakeholders in rehabilitation programs are also critical

to the conservation and protection of water bodies.

The low number of LGUs with Solid Waste Management Plans, only 29 out of the 50

targeted and from the total of 142 LGUs, is a major environmental challenge. Due to

the lack or difficulty in implementing SWM plans, the region was not able to close all

open dumpsites and controlled dump facilities by 2014 as targeted and there are still

a total of 75 of these waste facilities operating in 2015. As the responsible agency,

EMB can pursue legal action against open dumpsites to fast track its closing.

Since domestic wastes is the main source of pollution, intensified information and

education campaigns at the household level is needed to promote proper waste

segregation and reduction of wastes through reuse or recycling. Strict monitoring of

SWM plans, stronger coordination with LGUs and continuous information campaigns

are some strategies to ensure an effective and environmentally sound waste disposal

system. Exploring other financing opportunities such as public private partnership

and continuous training of LGUs are also needed to fast track implementation of

SWM plans and to improve the current waste disposal system of the region.

The strong enforcement of existing environmental laws and regulations by LGUs is

needed to reduce land, water and air pollution. To compel LGUs to implement

environmental laws, local environmental plans such as SWMs and best practices on

environmental management and protection can be included as one of the criteria for

awards and incentives to the LGUs such as DILG’s Seal of Good Housekeeping.

Harmonizing government regulations and standards, for example on building,

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73

construction and subdivision permits, can also ensure safety and

environmental protection.

To manage the environmental impacts of fast urbanization in the region,

environmental conservation and protection need to be given emphasis in the CLUPs

where areas for protection, production and settlements must be clearly defined. The

horizontal and vertical integration of plans will also facilitate sustainable

environmental management. Given the large scale and worsening issue on waste

management, it can also be valuable to develop and implement strategies

region wide.

All LGUs in the region already have Local DRRM Plans and LCCAPs but there is still a

need for the CLUPs of localities to be DRR/CCA (Disaster Risk Reduction/Climate

Change Adaptation) enhanced and to implement a corresponding zoning ordinance.

The review, monitoring and evaluation of the LDRRMP implementation are also

necessary to ensure disaster resiliency of communities.

To address the limited technical capacity of LGUs on hazard mapping as cited in the

Updated RDP, continuous technical assistance has been provided to LGUs which

resulted to finalized Local DRRM Plans and LCCAPs with maps for different hazards.

Among the trainings include the multi-hazard mapping workshops and the

preparation of vulnerability assessment on earthquakes for the provinces of Laguna,

Cavite and Rizal. To sustain DRRM mapping requirements of LGUs, the establishment

of GIS centers in SUCs in the region is already underway.

DRR/CCA resilient infrastructures such as evacuation centers and additional flood

control facilities also need to be constructed to reduce damages and casualties.

Furthermore, as a region with many large business enterprises and industrial parks,

there is also a need to formulate an Area Business Continuity Plan (BCP) to facilitate

fast recovery of business and industrial functions in the region under emergency

situations and to integrate the BCP in the Local DRRM Plan or in another suitable

plan. The formulation of the BCP is one of the strategies in DILG’s National Disaster

Preparedness Plan 2015-2028. OCD in partnership with JICA has already involved

several cities in the region in the formulation of BCPs.

74

BatStateU Batangas State University

BFAR Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources

BLGF Bureau of Local Government and Finance

BSP Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas

CDA Cooperative Development Authority

CHED Commission on Higher Education

COA Commission on Audit

CSC Civil Service Commission

CvSU Cavite State University

DA Department of Agriculture

DAR Department of Agrarian Reform

DBM Department of Budget and Management

DBP Development Bank of the Philippines

DENR Department of Environment and Natural Resources

DENR-EMB Environment Management Bureau

DepEd Department of Education

DILG Department of the Interior and Local Government

DOE Department of Energy

DOH Department of Health

DOJ-PPA Department of Justice - Parole and Probation Administration

DOLE Department of Labor and Employment

DOST Department of Science and Technology

DOT Department of Tourism

DPWH Department of Public Works and Highways

75

DSWD Department of Social Welfare and Development

DTI Department of Trade and Industry

HLURB Housing and Land Use Regulatory Board

HUDCC Housing and Urban Development Coordinating Council

LBP Landbank of the Philippines

LLDA Laguna Lake Development Authority

LSPU Laguna State Polytechnic University

LWUA Local Water Utilities Administration

NEDA National Economic and Development Authority

NIA National Irrigation Administration

NWRB National Water Resource Board

OCD Office of Civil Defence

OPAPP Office of the Presidential Adviser on the Peace Process

OWWA Overseas Workers Welfare Administration

PAGIBIG Pagtutulungan sa Kinabukasan: Ikaw, Bangko, Industriya at

Gobyerno

PCA Philippine Coconut Authority

PDEA Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency

PEZA Philippine Economic Zone Authority

PNP Philippine National Police

PPA Philippine Ports Authority (Batangas and MarQuez)

PSA Philippine Statistics Authority

SHFC Social Housing Finance Corporation

SLSU Southern Luzon State University

TESDA Technical Education and Skills Development Authority

URS University of Rizal System

76

In Pursuit of Inclusive Growth

Donna Riza P. Ronquillo

Macroeconomy

Angela R. Llamas

Competitive Industry and Services Sector Elisa I. Pandela

Jennylyn P. Jucutan

Competitive and Sustainable Agriculture and

Fisheries Sector

Revy Ann Grace Z. Jolongbayan

Nelson J. Aman, Jr.

Accelerating Infrastructure Development Engr. Josephine P. Hapil

Marlo E. Chavez

Richard P. Engasa

Ray Michael Kevin H. Abuso

Luningning D. Llames

Towards a Resilient and Inclusive Financial System Armina O. Espiritu

Good Governance and the Rule of Law Alvin Caezar V. Olanday

Social Development Olivia Khane S. Raza

Donna Riza P. Ronquillo

Angela R. Llamas

Peace and Security Marlon T. Natividad

Conservation, Protection and Rehabilitation of the

Environment and Natural Resources

Theresa Jane G. Cajarte

SECTOR COORDINATORS Cesar Marcelo R. Palacio

Agnes A. Daantos

Valter L. Morada

EDITORS Lovely S. Mores

Olivia Khane S. Raza

ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT Arlita E. Lopez

Corazon C. Salandanan

Pepito L. Ponce

OVERALL COORDINATOR Donald James D. Gawe

MANAGEMENT ARD Gina T. Gacusan

OIC-RD Luis G. Banua

mailto:[email protected]

neda region iv-a...republic of the philippines regional development council region iv-a (calabarzon)...

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