need to knows: year 9 (4ème) - turton school

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Need to knows: Year 9 (4ème) Nom: ……………………………………………… Classe: …………… Prof: ……………………………… LOGIN DETAILS: Quizlet username: ………………………………………….. password: ………………………………………….. Memrise username: ………………………………………….. password: ………………………………………….. Language Gym username: ………………………………………….. password: ………………………………………….. My “Need-to-Know” test will be once a fortnight on: ................... This booklet is jam-packed, full of useful vocabulary, phrases and grammar that will help you become a successful language learner.

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Page 1: Need to knows: Year 9 (4ème) - Turton School

Need to knows:

Year 9 (4ème)

Nom: ………………………………………………

Classe: ……………

Prof: ………………………………

LOGIN DETAILS:

Quizlet username: …………………………………………..password: …………………………………………..

Memrise username: …………………………………………..password: …………………………………………..

Language Gym username: …………………………………………..password: …………………………………………..

My “Need-to-Know” test will be once a fortnight on: ...................

This booklet is jam-packed, full of useful vocabulary,

phrases and grammar that will help you become a

successful language learner.

Page 2: Need to knows: Year 9 (4ème) - Turton School

Contents

Page Page

TV programs 3 What can you do? 27

Time phrases (TV) 4 In my house 28

Online activities 5 My old house (past) 29

Cinema 6 My ideal house (conditional) 30

Household chores 7 Body parts 31

Time 8 Injuries & illnesses 32

Infinitive structures 9 Phrases to impress 33-34

Morning Routine 10 Core Language 35-37

Present Tense 11Articles (definite and indefinite)

& Alphabet38

Last Weekend 12 Numbers 39

Past Tense (Activities) 13 Prepositions 40

Jouer & Faire 14 Adjectives 41-43

Sport 15-16 Reasons 45

Sport opinions 17 High frequency words 46-48

To be a good sportsperson 18 Present tense 49-55

To be more active 19 Perfect Tense (Past) 56-62

Food & Drink 20-21 Future tense 63-64

Keeping fit 22-23 Conditional tense 65

Time phrases (health) 24 Imperfect tense (Past) 66

Where I live 25 Pronouns 67-68

Describing my area 26 Websites 69

2

Page 3: Need to knows: Year 9 (4ème) - Turton School

3

QU’EST-CE QUE TU

REGARDES À LA TÉLÉ?

WHAT DO YOU WATCH

ON TV?

Mod 1

J'aime / Je n'aime pas... I like / I don't like...

les comédies comedies

les dessins animés cartoons

les documentaires documentaries

les feuilletons soaps

les infos the news

les jeux télévisés gameshows

les séries (policières) (police) series

les émissions de... ...programmes

cuisine cookery

musique music

sport sport

science-fiction science fiction

télé-réalité reality

parce qu'ils/elles sont... because they are...

ridicules ridiculous

divertissants / divertissantes entertaining

intéressants / intéressamtes interesting

passionnants / passionnantes exciting

pleins / pleines d'action full of action

ennuyeux / ennuyeuses boring

nuls / nulles rubbish

marrants / marrantes funny

bêtes stupid

Learning Due Date: ______________________

Page 4: Need to knows: Year 9 (4ème) - Turton School

4

TU REGARDES LA TÉLÉ? DO YOU WATCH TV?

Qu’est-ce que tu fais

normalement? Do you normally do?

Normalement normally

J’écoute de la musique I listen to music

Je lis des BD I read comics

Nous jouons en ligne We play online

Qu’est-ce que tu as fait le

weekend dernier?

What did you do last

weekend?

Je suis allé(e) I went

J’ai choisi de… I chose to…

Qu’est-ce que tu vas faire le

weekend prochain?

What are you going to do

next weekend?

Je vais regarder I am going to watch

On va voir We are going to see

Je regarde la télé... I watch TV...

avant les cours before lessons

tous les soirs every evening

le weekend at the weekend

dans le salon in the living room

dans le bus on the bus

dans ma chambre in my bedroom

avec ma famille with my family

seul / seule alone

Learning Due Date: ______________________

Page 5: Need to knows: Year 9 (4ème) - Turton School

5

QU’EST-CE QUE TU FAIS EN

LIGNE?

WHAT DO YOU DO

ONLINE?

Mon portable My mobile

Mon ordinateur portable My laptop

On peut You can (general “ you ”)

on peut télécharger de la

musique My laptop

mon portable est plus rapide que

mon ordinateur

My mobile is faster than my

computer

mon portable est moins rapide

que mon ordinateur

My mobile is less fast than

my computer

mon portable est aussi rapide

que mon ordinateurMy mobile is as fast as my

computer

Je regarde... I watch...

des chaînes sur YouTube YouTube channels

à la demande, sur Netflix on demand, on Netflix

sur mon smartphone on my smartphone

sur mon ordinateur on my computer

sur ma tablette on my tablet

c'est facile it's easy

c'est varié it's varied

ce n'est pas cher it's not expensive

j'écoute de la musique en streaming I stream music

je télécharge des chansons I download songs

je crée des playlists I create playlists

je joue sur ma Xbox I play on my Xbox

j'achète des jeux et je joue en ligne I buy games and play online

Learning Due Date: ______________________

Page 6: Need to knows: Year 9 (4ème) - Turton School

6

TU VEUX ALLER AU

CINÉMA?

DO YOU WANT TO GO TO

THE CINEMA?

Je vais au cinéma I go to the cinema

Tu viens? Are you coming?

Ça dépend. Qu'est-ce que tu vas voir? It depends. What are you going to see?

Je vais regarder... I'm going to see...

une comédie a comedy

un film d'animation an amimated film

un film romantique a romantic film

un film d'action an action film

un film d'horreur a horror film

Il y a une séance à 14h There's a screening at 2pm

Bonne idée! Je veux bien. Good idea! I'd like to.

Tu rigoles! You're joking!

Je n'ai pas envie I don't want to.

Désolé(e). Je ne peux pas ce soir. Sorry. I can't this evening.

Rendez-vous où et à quelle heure? Where and when shall we meet?

Chez moi / Chez toi At mine / At yours

à 19h At 7pm

À plus See you later

à demain See you tomorrow

à samedi See you Saturday

Je peux vous aider? Can I help you?

Je voudrais trois billets pour... I would like 3 tickets for...

Deux adultes et un enfant Two adults and one child

Ça fait combien? How much is it?

C'est quelle salle? Which screen?

Learning Due Date: ______________________

Page 7: Need to knows: Year 9 (4ème) - Turton School

7

QU’EST-CE QUE TU FAIS À

LA MAISON POUR AIDER?

WHAT ARE YOU DOING

AT HOME TO HELP OUT?

Je dois I have to

Je ne dois pas I don’t have to

Il/ elle doit He/ She has to

Il/elle ne doit pas He/she doesn’t have to

Je peux I can

Je ne peux pas I can’t

Je ne fais rien I don’t do anything

Mod 2

On doit... We / People must...

Je dois... I must...

Ma sœur / Mon frère doit... My sister / My brother must...

garder ma sœur look after my sister

garder mon frère look after my brother

ranger ma chambre tidy my room

rapporter l'eau collect the water

laver la voiture wash the car

faire la cuisine do the cooking

faire la vaisselle do the washing-up

faire la lessive do the washing

nourrir les animaux feed the animals

Learning Due Date: ______________________

Page 8: Need to knows: Year 9 (4ème) - Turton School

8

QUELLE HEURE EST-IL? WHAT TIME IS IT?

Il est…..heure(s) It is ……. o’clock

Il est midi It is 12 (noon)

Il est minuit It is 12 (mignight)

à huit heures at 8 o’clock

Learning Due Date: ______________________

Page 9: Need to knows: Year 9 (4ème) - Turton School

9

I want Je veux

I can Je peux

You (one) can On peut

You (one) must On doit

I have to Je dois

I wish/want J’ai envie de

I would like Je voudrais

I am going Je vais

Before …ing Avant de

I decided J’ai décidé de

I would prefer Je préférerais

It’s important Il est important

my mum makes me Ma mère me fait

I hope J’espère

I’ve always

dreamed of

J’ai toujours rêvé de

Instead of Au lieu de

My parents let me Mes parents me

laissent

they stop me FROM Ils m’interdisent de

me coucher – to go to bed

me changer– to get changed

manger – to have tea

prendre le petit-déjeuner –

to have breakfast

me réveiller– to wake up

dormir – to sleep

m’endormir – to fall asleep

me doucher – to shower

aller au collège– to go to

school

me laver – to have a wash

me lever – to get up

gouter - to have a snack (sl)

promener le chien– to walk

the dog

me relaxer – to relax

me presser- to be in a hurry

m’habiller - to get dressed

rentrer à la maison– to

return home

INFINITIVE STRUCTURES (STRUCTURES THAT USE

AN INFINITIVE AFTER)

Learning Due Date: ______________________

Page 10: Need to knows: Year 9 (4ème) - Turton School

10

CE QUE JE FAIS LE MATIN WHAT I DO IN THE MORNING

déjeuner To have lunch

prendre un bain To have a bath

se brosser les cheveux To brush your hair

prendre le petit-déjeuner To have breakfast

se réveiller To wake up

se doucher To have a shower

durer To last

aller au collège To go to school

se laver (les dents) To wash / clean your teeth

se lever To get up

arriver To arrive

en arrivant On arriving

se maquiller To put on make up

se peigner To comb/ brush your hair

grignoter To snack on

s’habiller To get dressed

rarement Rarely

puis Then / later

immédiatement Immediately

tout de suite Straightaway

être pressé(e) To be in a hurry

je me lève I get up

je prends le petit

déjeuner

I have breakfast

je me douche I have a shower

je me coiffe I do my hair

je m'habille I get dressed

je me lave les

dents

I clean my teeth

je quitte la

maison

I leave the

house

je me lave I have a wash

je me couche I go to bed

Learning Due Date: ______________________

Page 11: Need to knows: Year 9 (4ème) - Turton School

11

I ME

You TE

S/He SE

We NOUS

You pl VOUS

They SE

REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS

Se réveiller: to wake up

Je me réveille

Tu te réveilles

Il se réveille

Nous nous réveillons

Vous vous réveillez

Ils se réveillent

Learning Due Date: ______________________

Page 12: Need to knows: Year 9 (4ème) - Turton School

12

CE QUE J’AI FAIT LE

WEEKEND DERNIERWHAT I DID LAST WEEKEND

Arriver à la maison * to arrive home

Rentrer à la maison* to return home

Se changer * to get changed

Se mettre en pyjamas * to get undressed

S’endormir * to fall asleep / to oversleep

dormir to sleep

Se mettre au lit * to lie down / to go to bed

Faire la grasse matinée to have a lie-in

travailler to work

Faire la cuisine to make food

diner to have tea /evening meal

Se démaquiller * to take your make-up off

Se relaxer to relax

Trainer to hang out

Faire de l’exercice to exercise

Promener le chien to walk the dog

Sortir * to go out

Passer du temps to spend time

Faire le ménage to do the cleaning

Gouter to have a snack

*takes être in the past tense instead of avoir

Learning Due Date: ______________________

Page 13: Need to knows: Year 9 (4ème) - Turton School

13

Learning Due Date: ______________________

Page 14: Need to knows: Year 9 (4ème) - Turton School

jouer = to play

je joue I gplay

tu joues You play (Fam./sing.)

il/ elle joue He/She plays

nous jouons We play

vous jouez You play (plural /polite)

ils/elles jouent They play (m) (f)

Je fais I do

Tu fais You do (Fam./sing.)

il/elle fait He/she does

nous faisons We do

vous faites You do (plural / polite)

ils/elles font They (m) (f) do

Faire= to do

14

Mod 3

Learning Due Date: ______________________

Page 15: Need to knows: Year 9 (4ème) - Turton School

Quels sports fais-tu? What sports do you do?

Je fais… I do…

de l’athlétisme athletics

du vélo bike riding

du roller roller skating

du patin à glace ice skating

du skate skateboarding

du parkour parkour

de l’équitation horse riding

de la danse dancing

de la natation swimming

de la gymnastique gymnastics

des promenades (go) for walks

Je joue… I play..

au badminton badminton

au rugby rugby

au basket basketball

au tennis tennis

au foot football

au hockey hockey

au volley 15

TU FAIS DU SPORT? DO YOU DO A SPORT?

15

Learning Due Date: ______________________

Page 16: Need to knows: Year 9 (4ème) - Turton School

16

QUEL SPORT PEUT-ON

FAIRE A BOLTON?

WHAT SPORTS CAN

YOU DO IN BOLTON?

Dans ma ville / mon village, il y a... In my town / my village, there

is/are...

beaucoup de lots of

peu de few / not many

possiblités sportives sporting possibilities

une salle de fitness a gym

On peut jouer... You can play...

au basket / au billard basketball / pool

au foot / au football football

au handball / au hockey handball / hockey

au rugby / au tennis rugby / tennis

au tennis de table / au ping-pong table tennis / ping pong

au volleyball volleyball

à la pétanque / aux boules boules

On peut faire... You can do...

du cyclisme / du vélo cycling

du judo / du patin à glace judo / ice-skating

du ski skiing

de la danse / de la gymnastique dance / gymnastics

de la musculation weight training

de la voile / de la plache à voile sailing / windsurfing

de l'athlétisme / de l'équitation athletics / horse-riding

des arts martiaux martial arts

Je suis membre d'un club I am a member of a club

Je m'entraîne deux fois par semaine I train twice a week

Learning Due Date: ______________________

Page 17: Need to knows: Year 9 (4ème) - Turton School

17

QUEL SPORT

PRÉFÈRES-TU?

WHAT SPORTS DO

YOU PREFER?

Je trouve le tennis / la

gymnastique...

I find tennis / gymnastics...

amusant(e) fun

compliqué(e) complicated

divertissant(e) entertaining

fatigant(e) tiring

intéressant(e) interesting

passionnant(e) exciting

relaxant(e) relaxing

violent(e) violent

ennuyeux / ennuyeuse boring

difficile difficult

facile easy

À mon avis / Pour moi... In my opinion / For me...

le footing est plus facile que

la natation

jogging is easier than

swimming

la voile est moins amusante

que le ski

sailing is less fun than skiing

Learning Due Date: ______________________

Page 18: Need to knows: Year 9 (4ème) - Turton School

18

POUR ÊTRE UN BON

SPORTIF…

IN ORDER TO BE A

GOOD SPORTS PERSON

Il faut... It is necessary...

travailler dur to work hard

manger équilibré to eat healthily

boire beaucoup d'eau to drink lots of water

avoir de l'assurance to be confident

être motivé(e) et déterminé(e) to be motivated and determined

aller à la salle de fitnes to go to the gym

dormir huit heures par nuit to sleep for 8 hours a night

faire d'autres activités aussi to also do other activities

Il ne faut pas... You must not...

fumer des cigarettes smoke cigarettes

consommer de drogue take drugs

Sur la photo il y a... In the photo there is / are...

des athlètes some athletes

des joueurs some players

Ils / Elles They...

participent à are taking part in

jouent are playing

portent are wearing

une course a race

un maillot de course a running vest

un maillot de basket a basketball shirt

Il / Ellle marque un panier He/She is scoring a basket

Learning Due Date: ______________________

Page 19: Need to knows: Year 9 (4ème) - Turton School

19

Review use of present future together

TENSE TIME PHRASES EXAMPLES

Present • aujourd’hui = today

• en ce moment = at the moment

• maintenant = now

• d’habitude = usually

• Normalement = normally

• en général = generally

• parfois / quelquefois = sometimes

• deux fois par semaine = twice a week

• le matin = in the morning

• le soir = in the evening

• depuis = since / for

Je fais du sport après

l’école

Je joue au football

Je fais de la natation

depuis cinq ans

Je regarde la télé

Future • ce soir = tonight

• demain = tomorrow

• après-demain = the day after tomorrow

• dans deux semaines = in two weeks

• le week-end prochain = next weekend

• l’été prochain = next summer

• la semaine prochaine = next week

• l’année prochaine = next year

• pendant les grandes vacances = during

the summer holidays

• à l’avenir = in the future

J’ai l’intention de

devenir member de

l’éuuipe de handball du

college

J’espère voir un film au

cinema

Je vais jouer au football

trois fois par semaine

POUR ÊTRE PLUS ACTIFIN ORDER TO BE MORE

ACTIVE

D'habitude je regarde la télé le soir mais il faut s'entrainer dur

alors la semaine prochaine je vais jouer au foot trois fois par

semaine.

Usually, I watch TV at night but you have to train hard, so next

week, I’m going to play football three times a week.

Learning Due Date: ______________________

Page 20: Need to knows: Year 9 (4ème) - Turton School

20

QU’EST-CE QUE TU

AIMES MANGER/BOIRE?

WHAT DO YOU LIKE TO

EAT/DRINK?

La nourriture Food

les boissons Drink

du beurre Butter

du fromage Cheese

du lait Milk

du pain Bread

du poisson Fish

du poulet Chicken

du yaourt Yogurt

de la confiture Jam

de la glace Ice-cream

de la viande Meat

de l’eau (f) Water

des bananes Bananas

des fraises Strawberries

des œufs Eggs

des pêches Peaches

des poires Pears

des pommes Apples

des pommes de terre potatoes

Mod 4

Learning Due Date: ______________________

Page 21: Need to knows: Year 9 (4ème) - Turton School

21

QU’EST-CE QUE TU

MANGES/BOIS?

WHAT DO YOU

EAT/DRINK?

Les repas meals

Qu’est-ce que tu prends pour

le petit-déjeuner?

What do you have for breakfast?

Qu’est-ce que tu manges à

midi?

What do you eat at

lunchtime?

Qu’est-ce que tu manges What do you have as a

snack?

Qu’est-ce que tu manges le

soir?

What do you eat in the

evening?

Qu’est-ce que tu bois? What do you drink?

Pour le petit-déjeuner.. For breakfast …

À midi, … At lunchtime …

Comme casse-croûte.. As a snack …

Je prends/je mange … I have/I eat …

un sandwich a sandwich

du pain grillé toast

de la salade salad

des céréales cereal

Je bois du jus d’orange. I drink orange juice.

Learning Due Date: ______________________

Page 22: Need to knows: Year 9 (4ème) - Turton School

22

QU’EST-CE QUE TU FAIS

POUR GARDER LA FORME?

WHAT DO YOU DO TO

KEEP FIT?

pour garder la forme il faut… to stay in good shape, you have

to….

il est sain de It is healthy to

il est important de It is important to

il est nécessaire de It is necessary to

+ infinitive

manger sain Eat healthily

manger cinq portions de fruit et

légumes par jour

Eat 5 portions of fruit and veg a

day

éviter les sucreries Avoid sugary treats

éviter de manger trop de

matières grasses

Avoid eating too many fatty

foods

éviter les boissons gazeuses Avoid fizzy drinks

faire au moins vingt minutes

d’exercice par jour

Do at least 20 minutes exercise

a fay

dormir au moins huit heures par

nuit

Sleep at least 8 hours a night

éviter l’alcool et les cigarettes Avoid alcohol and cigarettes

éviter le stress Avoid stress

mener une vie active Lead an active life

éviter de passer des heures

devant l’ordinateur ou la télé

Avoid spending hours in front of

the computer or the TV

Learning Due Date: ______________________

Page 23: Need to knows: Year 9 (4ème) - Turton School

23

Pour être en pleine

forme, …

To be in good shape, …

Pour éviter le stress au

collège, …

To avoid stress at school, …

je mange sainement I eat healthily

je mange rarement des

bonbons ou des gâteaux

I rarely eat sweets or cakes

je bois uniquement de

l’eau

I only drink water

je ne bois jamais de

boissons gazeuses

I never drink fizzy drinks

je me couche tôt I go to bed early

j'essaie de me

déconnecter des écrans

de temps en temps

I try to disconnect from

screens from time to time

Dans le futur In the future

Je veux I want

Je voudrais I would like

Je préférerais I would prefer

+infinitive

Me coucher tot To go to bed early

Me déconnecter To disconnect

Manger sainement to eat healthily

QU’EST-CE QUE TU

FAIS POUR GARDER LA

FORME?

WHAT DO YOU DO

TO KEEP FIT?

Learning Due Date: ______________________

Page 24: Need to knows: Year 9 (4ème) - Turton School

24

TENSE TIME PHRASES EXAMPLES

Past • L’année dernière = last year

• La semaine dernière = last week

• Le week-end dernier = last weekend

• le mois dernier = last month

• samedi/dimanche dernier = last

Saturday / Sunday

• il y a une semaine = a week ago

• il y a deux ans = two years ago

• hier = yesterday

• hier soir = last night

• avant-hier = the day before yesterday

J’ai mangé des chips et

de la pizza.

Je me suis couché à 3

heures du matin

Je suis resté à la maison

Je n’ai pas pu jouer au

rugby

Present • aujourd’hui = today

• en ce moment = at the moment

• maintenant = now

• d’habitude = usually

• Normalement = normally

• en général = generally

• parfois / quelquefois = sometimes

• deux fois par semaine = twice a week

• present + depuis = since / for

Il faut manger sain

Il est nécessaire de bien

dormir

Future • ce soir = tonight

• Demain = tomorrow

• dans deux semaines = in two weeks

• le week-end prochain = next weekend

• l’été prochain = next summer

• la semaine prochaine = next week

• pendant les grandes vacances = during

the summer holidays

• à l’avenir = in the future

J’ai l’intention de manger

plus de salade

Je vais faire une

randonnée

Je voudrais me coucher

plus tôt

Je vais aller chez mes

cousins

Learning Due Date: ______________________

Page 25: Need to knows: Year 9 (4ème) - Turton School

25

OÙ HABITES-TU? WHERE DO YOU LIVE?

J’habite dans … I live in

une grande maison A big house

un petit appartement A small flat

en ville In town

Un village In a village

à la campagne In the countryside

à la montagne In the mountains

au bord de la mer By the sea

dans un vieux château In an old castle

dans une vieille ferme In an old farm

Parce que Because

Beau/belle pretty

Nouveau/nouvelle new

Selon moi According to me

Où voudrais-tu habiter ? Where would you like to

live?

Je voudrais habiter I would like to live

à l’étranger Abroad

Mod 5

Learning Due Date: ______________________

Page 26: Need to knows: Year 9 (4ème) - Turton School

26

C’EST COMMENT? WHAT IS IT LIKE?

COMMENT EST TA

RÉGION?

WHAT IS YOUR REGION

LIKE?

Dans ma région, il y a... In my region, there is/are...

Un appartement A flat

Un bâtiment A building

Un champ A field

Un jardin public A park

Un lac a lake

Un magasin a shop

Une forêt A forest

Une montagne A mountain

Une plage A beach

Une rivière A river

Un(e) touriste A tourist

Beaucoup de Lots of

Plein de Plenty of

Peu de Little / not many

Trop de Too much / too many

C'est comment en été / hiver? What is it like in summer / winter?

C'est... It's...

amusant fun

tranquille / calme peaceful / quiet

ennuyeux / animé boring / lively

nul / génial / joli awful / great / pretty

très very

trop too

Learning Due Date: ______________________

Page 27: Need to knows: Year 9 (4ème) - Turton School

27

QU’EST-CE QEU’ON PEUT

FAIRE?WHAT CAN YOU DO?

On peut... You / People can...

manger des crêpres eat pancakes

visiter les monuments

historiques

visit historic monuments

visiter des grottes visit caves

aller au cinéma go to the cinema

aller à la plage go to the beach

aller en ville go to town

faire les magasins go shopping

faire du canoë-kayak go canoeing

faire des randonnées go for walkes

faire du ski go skiing

cultiver le coton grow cotton

travailler dans les champs work in the fields

acheter des animaux buy animals

aller à l'école go to school

vendre des légumes sell vegetables

Learning Due Date: ______________________

Page 28: Need to knows: Year 9 (4ème) - Turton School

28

Chez moi At home

Chez ma tante At my auntie’s

Il y a There is/are

Il n’y a pas de There isn’t/aren’t

Quatre pièces en tout 4 rooms in total

Un salon A lounge

Un jardin A garden

Une cuisine A kitchen

Une salle à manger A dining room

Une salle de bains A bathroom

Des escaliers stairs

Des w.c Toilets

voici Here is/are

Ma chambre My bedroom

La chambre de mon frère My brother’s bedroom

La chambre de mes parents My parents’ bedroom

En bas/ au rez-de-chaussée Downstairs/ on the ground

floor

En haut/ au premier étage Upstairs/ on the 1st floor

Je trouve que I think that

dehors outside

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29

COMMENT ÉTAIT TA

MAISON?

HOW WAS YOUR

CHILDHOOD HOME?

J’habitais dans …

On habitait dans…

I used to live in

We used to live in…

Quand j’étais petit(e) When I was younger

Dans le jardin In the garden

Il y avait There was

Une balancoire A swing

Des Lego partout Lego everywhere

Je jouais/ On jouait I / We used to play

Je fabriquais/ On fabriquait I / We used to make

Des tentes Tents

Des cabanes Hiding place/hut

J’avais / On avait I / We used to have

Des trottinettes Scooters

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30

COMMENT SERAIT TA

MAISON IDÉALE?

WHAT WOULD YOUR IDEAL

HOME LOOK LIKE?

ma maison idéale serait My ideal home would

be

énorme/ toute en verre Enormous / all glass

en Belgique/au Canada in Belgium / in Canada

aurait Would have

dix étages Ten floors

il y aurait there would be

Une piscine A swimming pool

Un terrain de foot A football pitch

huit chambres Eight bedrooms

Une salle de cinéma A cinema room

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la bouche mouth

le bras arm

le corps body

le dos back

l’épaule shoulder

les fesses buttocks

le front forehead

le genou knee

la jambe leg

la main hand

le nez nose

l’oeil eye

les oreilles ears

le pied foot

la tête head

le visage face

les yeux eyes

31

LES PARTIES DU CORPS BODY PARTS

Mod 6

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32

QU’EST-CE QUI NE VA

PAS?WHAT IS WRONG?

Je peux I can

Je ne peux pas I can’t

Bouger ma jambe Move my leg

j'ai mal au bras I have a sore arm

j'ai mal à la gorge I have a sore throat

j'ai mal à l'œil I have a sore eye

j'ai may aux yeux I have sore eyes

j'ai de la fièvre I have a temperaure

je me suis blessé(e) au pied / à la tête

/ à l'épaule

I've hurt my foot / head / shoulder

je me suis blessé(e) aux jambes I've hurt my legs

j'ai la grippe I have the flu

j'ai un rhume I have a cold

Il faut... You must...

rester au lit stay in bed

utiliser une crème use a cream

mettre un pansement put on a bandage

pratiquer des exercices modérés do some gentle exercises

prendre des antidouleurs take painkillers

Vous allex bien? Are you well?

Ça ne vas pas I'm not well

depuis quand? Since when?

depuis trois jours for three days

depuis hier since yesterday

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Phrases to Impress!Use as many of these as possible in your work to really impress!

1. An “Avoir” structure: e.gavoir besoin de to need J’avais besoin d’ un bon prof. I needed a good teacher.avoir envie de to want to J’ai envie d’aller en France I want to go to Franceen avoir marre to be fed up J’en avais marre. I was fed up with it.

2. At least THREE uses of vu que or étant donné que instead of parce quee.g Je suis allé en France vu que j’aime la cuisine. I went to France because I like the food.

3. At least TWO justified points of view e.g. Je crois la France est le meilleur pays du monde parce que la cuisine est tellement bonne.I think that France is the best country in the world because the food is so good.

4. J’ai décidé de … I decided to

5. Sans + inf e.gsans hésiter without hesitatingsans perdre un instant without wasting a moment

6. Avant de … e.g. avant d’arriver before arrivingavant de manger before eating

7. Après avoir + past participle e.g. après avoir mangé, je … After eating, I …

8. Exclamations. e.gQuelle bonne idée! What a good idea!Quel désastre! What a disaster!

9. At least THREE uses of the present tenses

10. At least THREE perfect tenses: one using avoir, one using être, one reflexive and one with an irregular past participle.

11. At least THREE future tenses including an irregular.

12. An imperfect e.g. Il pleuvait It was raining

13. a conditional e.g. Je serais I would be

14. Adjectives

15 Impressive vocabularye.g. inoubliable unforgettable

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16 si, tellement (so) or vraiment instead of très eg. si important so importanttellement utile so useful

17 malgré (in spite of) e.g. malgré le fait que je n’avais pas d’argent… in spite of the fact that I had no money

18 venir de e.g. Je viens de commencer à apprendre une nouvelle langue. I have just started learning a new language.

19 sur le point de e.g J’étais sur le point de faire mes devoirs … I was just about to do my homework

20 comparatives e.g.plus beau que more handsome thanmoins fort que not as strong asaussi intelligent que as intelligent asmoins jolie que not as pretty as

21 superlatives e.g. Le plus beau the finestle moins agréable the least pleasant

22 negatives e.gJe ne le fais plus. I don’t do it anymore

23 Try to reduce the number of simple verbs, je m’appelle, je suis, j’ai

24 Full descriptions i.e 10 pieces of information

25 Try not to repeat any verb

26 Use Connectives. qui. que, who/which/thattandis que whilst, whereascar for, becauselorsque whenpuisque since

27 pour with the infinitive e.g. Pour voir mon ami In order to see my friend.

28. Pronouns e.g. Mon frère cadet m’a accompagné(e) My younger brother came with me.

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KS3 French Core Language

je/j’– I

tu – you

il/elle/on – he/she/we

informal

nous – we

vous – you (fam.pl.)

ils / elles – they

J’ai I have

Tu as you have

Il / Elle /

On a

he/she /

one has

Nous avons we have

Vous avez you have (pl. pol)

Ils/elles ont they have

avoir – to have être – to be

Je suis I am

Tu es you are

Il/elle/

on est

he/she / one is

Nous

sommeswe are

Vous êtes you are (pol.pl.)

Ils/elles

sontThey areTime words

maintenant – now

avant – before

après – after

aujourd’hui – today

hier – yesterday

demain – tomorrow

encore - again

toujours – always

souvent – often

parfois – sometimes

jamais– never

la semaine denière –

last week

la semaine prochaine

– next week

Referring to things

une chose – a thing

ce/cet/cette – this

ça – that

autre chose –

something else

autre – (an)other

beaucoup – a lot

(un) peu – (a) little

très – very

tous –

all/everything

Making links

et – and

ou – or

aussi – also

mais – but

parce que –

because

avec – with

sans - without

Asking questions

Pourquoi? – why?

Quoi? – what?

Quand? – when?

Où? – where?

Qui? – who?

Combien? – how

much/many?

Comment? – how?

Referring to places

ici – here

là-bas - there

Opinions

Je pense que – I think that

Je crois que – I believe that

Il me semble que – it seems

that..

Sentence building

Je peux / Il,elle,on

peut

I can/he,she can

Je veux/il,elle,on

veut

I want to/he,she wants to…

Je dois/il doit I have to/he has to…

Je vais / Il va + verb I’m going to/he is going to…

J’aime/Il aime

Je/il n’aime pas

I like to/he likes to

I don’t/ he doesn’t like

J’adore / Il adore I love to/he loves to…

Je voudrais/ Il

voudrait

I/he/she would like to…

Pronouns

Saying what you did

Je suis allé(e) – I went

J’ai fait – I did

J’ai vu– I saw

J’ai joué – I played

J’ai mangé – I ate

J’ai bu – I drank

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KS3 French Core Language 2

J’ai parlé I spoke

Tu as parlé you spoke

Il/elle/on a

parlé

he/she is/you

spoke (pol.sing)

Nous avons

parléwe spoke

Vous avez

parléyou spoke

(fam.pl.)

Ils/elles

ont parlé

they/you

spoke (pol.pl.)

Time words

maintenant – now

avant – before

après – after

aujourd’hui – today

de nos jours – nowadays

depuis …ans - …years ago

hier – yesterday

demain– tomorrow

la semaine dernière – last

week

la semaine prochaine–

next week

Making links

aussi – also

sans - without

Asking questions

Pourquoi? – why?

Quoi? – what?

Quand? – when?

Où? – where?

Qui? – who?

Combien? – how

much/many?

Comment? – how?

Referring to places

ici – here

là-bas - there

Sentence building

Je(ne) peux (pas) I can(not)

Je (ne) veux (pas) I (don’t) want to

J’ai (je n’ai pas)

vouluI (didn’t) want to

Je (ne) dois (pas) I (don’t)have to

J’ai (je n’ai pas)/il a

(n’a pas) dû

I (didn’t) have to/ s/he (didn’t)

have to..

Je vais / il/elle va + verb I’m going to / s/he is going to…

J’allais / il/elle allaitI was going to / s/he was going

to ..

J’aime (je n’aime

pas)I (don’t) like to

J’adore / il/elle

adoreI love to / s/he loves to…

Je voudrais I would like to…

Saying what you did

Je suis allé – I went

J’ai fait– I did

J’ai vu – I saw

J’ai mangé – I ate

J’ai bu – I drank

Present Imperfect

Je suis/ I am/ J’étais I was/

Il/elle/

c’ est

s/he/it is Il/elle

C’était

s/he/it was

Il y a there is/

there are

Il y avait there was/

there were

J’ai/

Il/elle a

I have/

s/he/it has

J’avais

Il/elle avait

I had/

s/he/it had

j’ai visité I visited

J’ai acheté I bought

Je suis resté I stayed

J’ai nagé I swam

J’ai passé I spent

Je me suis

bien amusé

I had a good

time

J’ai voyagé I travelled

J’ai joué I played

Comparing

plus...que – more than

moins..que – less than

aussi + adj + que –

as.as

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KS3 French Core Language 3

Je(ne) peux (pas) I can(not)

Je (ne) veux (pas) I (don’t) want to

J’ai (je n’ai pas) voulu I (didn’t) want to

Je (ne) dois (pas) I (don’t)have to

J’ai (je n’ai pas) dû I (didn’t) have to

Je vais / il/elle va I’m going to / s/he is going to…

J’allais / il/elle allaitI was going to / s/he was going

to ..

J’aime (je n’aime pas)I (don’t) like to / s/he doesn’t

like to

J’adore / il/elle adore I love to / s/he loves to…

Je voudrais I/he/she would like to…

J’avais l’intention de I was planning to..

J’étais sur le point de I was about to....

Je viends de I have just....

après avoir fait After doing

avant de before (doing)

Sentence buildingReferring to belonging(s)

mymon / ma

/ mes

yourton /ta

/tes

his/herson / sa

/ses

ournotre

/nos

yourvotre /

vos

theirleur /

leurs

me me

te you

le it / he

la it / she

les them

Referring to things & people

How to

refer

to the

future

Infinitive

+

je(I) ai

tu (you – 1 person, fam) as

Il / elle– he/she a

nous- we ons

vous – you pl., polite ez

Ils/ elles - they ont

ne….rien not…at all, nothing, not

anything

ne … pas not

ne…jamais never (not..ever)

Je ne vais jamais au

cinéma

I never to go the cinema

personne …ne No-one (not anyone)

Je ne connais

personne

I don’t know anyone

Expressing negatives

+ ve

rb in

th

e IN

FIN

ITIV

E fo

rm

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L’alphabetA [ah] J [jee] S [ess]

B [ bay] K [kah] T [tay]

C [say] L [ell] U [oo]

D [day] M [em] V [vay]

E [euh] N [en] W [dou – bluh – vay]

F [eff] O [oh] X [icks]

G [ghay] P [pay] Y [ee-grek]

H [ash] Q [koo] Z [zed]

I [ee] R [air]

un a (masculine object)

une a (feminine object)

des some (more than one masculine object)

des some (more than one feminine object)

le the (masc object)

la the (fem object)

l’ the (+ vowel)

les the (more than one masc object)

les the (more than one fem object)

How to say ‘a’, ‘some’ and ‘the’: definite and indefinite articles

NB: Sometimes the article is not needed in French:

e.g. Je n’ai pas de frères = I haven’t got any brothers

e.g. Mon père est professeur = My dad is a teacher

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10 dix 80 quatre-vingts

20 vingt 81 quatre-vingt-

un

30 trente 82 quatre-vingt-

deux

40 quarante 90 quatre-vingt-

dix

50 cinquante 91 quatre-vingt-

onze

60 soixante 92 quatre-vingt-

douze

70 soixante-

dix

100 cent

71 soixante-

et-onze

200 deux cents

72 soixante-

douze210 deux cent dix

1000 - mille

Cardinal and ordinal numbers1 un

2 deux

3 trois

4 quatre

5 cinq

6 six

7 sept

8 huit

9 neuf

10 dix

11 onze

12 douze

13 treize

14 quatorze

15 quinze

16 seize

17 dix-sept

18 dix-huit

19 dix-neuf

20 vingt

21 vingt-et-un

22 vingt deux

23 vingt trois

24 vingt quatre

25 vingt cinq

26 vingt six

27 vingt sept

28 vingt huit

29 vingt neuf

30 trente

31 trente-et-un

premier/ière first

deuxième second

troisième third

quatrième fourth

cinquième fifth

sixième sixth

septième seventh

huitième eigth

neuvième nineth

dixième tenth

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Prepositions

à to, at

avec with

de from, of

de / depuis from, since

dans / à in

entre between

vers towards

pour for

à cause de because of

sans without

sur on/on top of

à la fin de at the end of

autour de around

près de near

devant in front of

dedans inside

derrière behind

en face de facing, opposite

dehors outside

loin de far from

These are the most commonly used positioning words:

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Rules about adjectivesFrench Adjectives

As in English, French adjectives are words used to qualify other words.

Construction Rules

Unlike English, however, adjectives in French are generally placed after

the noun they qualify.

Example: Un chat noir / A black cat

There are, however, several exceptions.

French adjectives generally follow the same gender rules as French

nouns (and they always agree with the gender of the noun they qualify).

For normal cases, just add -e to the masculine form.

Adjectives whose masculine form end in “er” change to “ère.”

Adjectives whose masculine form end in “-eau” change to “-elle.”

Adjectives whose masculine form end in “-l” change to “-lle.”

Adjectives whose masculine form end in “-n” change to “-nne” :

Adjectives whose masculine form end in “-f” change to “-ve.“

Adjectives whose masculine form end in “-x” change to “-se

Number Rules

As in the case of nouns, the plural form of French adjectives is derived

simply by adding the ending “-s” to the appropriate masculine singular

form, or feminine singular form.

Adjectives that end in “-eu” and “-au” in the singular end in “-x” in

the plural (except bleu (blue) which end in “-s”).

Adjectives that already end in “-s” or “-x” do not vary their forms

from the singular to the plural.

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Adjectives often change their ending depending whether the thing

you’re describing is masculine, feminine or plural.

Regular adjectives – most adjectives follow these patterns

Masculine Feminine Masculine

Plural

Feminine

Plural

petit petit petite petits petites

timide timide timide timides timides

fatigué fatigué fatiguée fatigués fatiguées

-x -se

Masculine Feminine Masculine

Plural

Feminine

Plural

sérieux sérieux sérieuse sérieux sérieuse

IRREGULARS

doux doux douce doux douces

vieux vieux vieille vieux vieilles

faux faux fausse faux fausses

-s, -n, -l -sse, -nne, -lle

Masculine Feminine Masculine

Plural

Feminine

Plural

gros gros grosse gros grosses

bon bon bonne bons bonnes

gentil gentil gentille gentils gentilles

-et , -er -ète, -ère

Masculine Feminine Masculine

Plural

Feminine

Plural

complet complet complète complets complètes

cher cher chère chers chères

-c -che OR -c -que

Masculine Feminine Masculine

Plural

Feminine

Plural

blanc blanc blanche blancs blanches

public public publique publics publiques

-f -ve

Masculine Feminine Masculine

Plural

Feminine

Plural

actif actif active actifs actives 42

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Adjectives in French usually go AFTER the thing they’re describing

un chien noir (a black dog)

une fille amusante (a funny girl)

The exceptions to this are adjectives for:

Beauty

Age

Goodness

Size

Here is a list of adjectives that go before the thing they’re describing,

with the masculine, feminine & plural forms.

Beauty

- beau* - beautiful/handsome

- joli – pretty

- vilain – ugly/nasty

Goodness

- bon – good

- gentil – nice

- mauvais – bad

- méchant – nasty/naughty

- meilleur – better

- pire – worse

Age

- jeune – young

- vieux* – old

- nouveau* - new

Size

- grand – big/tall

- petit – small

- gros – fat

* A few of these adjectives have a different ending for describing

a masculine word that starts with a vowel or silent h

Masculine Masculine

before

vowel

Feminine Masculine

Plural

Feminine

Plural

beau beau bel belle beaux belles

vieux vieux vieil vieille vieux vieilles

nouveau nouveau nouvel nouvelle nouveaux nouvelles

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MAKING COMPARISONS

Comparatives and superlatives are adverbs that let you make comparisons between two or

more things. Their names indicate the difference between them: comparatives compare two

or more things, while superlatives express extremes.

Introduction to French Comparatives

Comparatives express relative superiority or inferiority; that is, that something is more or

less than something else. In addition, comparatives can say that two things are equal. There

are three types of comparatives, but four different French comparative adverbs:

1. Superiority: plus... (de or que) more... than, _____er than

Laure est plus sportive (qu'Anne).

Laure is more athletic (than Anne).

2. Inferiority: moins... (de or que) less.... than

Rouen est moins cher (que Paris).

Rouen is less expensive (than Paris).

3. Equality:

a. aussi.... (de or que) as... as

Tu es aussi sympathique que Chantal.

You're as nice as Chantal.

b. autant (de or que) as much/many as

Je travaille autant qu'elle.

I work as much as she does.

Introduction to French Superlatives

Superlatives express ultimate superiority or inferiority, claiming that one thing is the

most or least of all. There are two types of French superlatives:

1. Superiority: le plus the most, the _____est

C'est le livre le plus intéressant du monde.

It's the most interesting book in the world.

2. Inferiority: le moins the least

Nous avons acheté la voiture la moins chère.

We bought the least expensive car. 44

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Expressions of

frequency

Phrases de fréquence

always toujours

every day tous les jours

often souvent

usually normalement

sometimes quelquefois

from time to time de temps en temps

on Tuesdays le mardi

at the weekend le week-end

once a week une fois par semaine

twice a month deux fois par semaine

never jamais

Linking words Connecteurs

before avant

though bien que

afterwards, then après

then puis

first of all d’abord

or ou

but mais

so donc

nevertheless, however néanmoins/cependant

also aussi

and et

These are to learn and use (a lot!)

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Time expressions Phrases de temps

now maintenant

the next day le lendemain

yesterday hier

since depuis

today aujourd’hui

tomorrow demain

morning le matin

later plus tard

midnight minuit

At night la nuit

the day after tomorrow après-demain

at the start au début

soon bientôt

next prochain(e)

a fortnight une quinzaine

fortnight quinzaine

week une semaine

In the afternoon l’après-midi

In the evening le soir

on time, early à l’heure/tôt 47

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Intensifiers

rather/quite assez

almost presque

too trop

very très

really vraiment

Comparatives

more (….than) plus (… que)

less (…than) moins (que …)

as (…as) aussi (…que)

Adverbs

quickly vite

unfortunately malheureusement

straight away tout de suite

especially surtout

Immediately immédiatement

recently récemment

especially particulièrement

still (yet) encore

already déjà

perhaps peut-être

Positions

below (down) au-dessous

over there là-bas

there là / y

here ici48

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Je parle I speak

tu parles You speak (Fam./sing.)

Il/ elle / on parle He/She /we speaks

Nous parlons We speak

Vous parlez You speak (plural / polite)

Ils/elles parlent They (m)/(f) speak

Regular –er Verbs (e.g. parler = to speak)

Je finis I finish

Tu finis You finish (Fam./sing.)

Il/elle finit He/She finishes

Nous finissons We finish

Vous finissez You finish (plural / polite)

Ils/elles finissent They (m)/(f) finish

Regular –ir Verbs (e.g. finir = to finish)

J’attends I wait

Tu attends You wait (Fam./sing.)

Il /elle attend He/She waits

Nous attendons We wait

Vous attendez You wait (plural/polite)

Ils/elles attendent They (m) (f) wait

Regular –re Verbs (e.g. attendre= to wait for)

The present tense

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je suis I am

Tu es You are (Fam./sing.)

Il /elle est He/she is

Nous sommes We are

Vous êtes You are (plural / polite)

Ils /elles sont They (m) (f) are

être = to be

J’ai I have

Tu as You have (Fam./sing.)

Il /elle a He/She has

Nous avons We have

Vous avez You have (plural / polite)

Ils / elles ont They (m) (f) have

avoir = to have

il y a= there is/there are

il n’y a pas de= there isn’t/there aren’t

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Aller = to go

je vais I go

tu vas You go (Fam./sing.)

il/ elle va He/She goes

nous allons We go

vous allez You go (plural /polite)

ils/elles vont They (m) (f) go

Je fais I do

Tu fais You do (Fam./sing.)

il/elle fait He/she does

nous faisons We do

vous faites You do (plural / polite)

ils/elles font They (m) (f) do

Faire= to do

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French regular –ER verbs

53

Acheter to buy *

Admirer to admire

Adorer To love

Aider to help

Aimer to like

s’amuser to enjoy

yourself

Arrêter to stop

Arriver to arrive

Bavarder to chat

Blesser to hurt

Bouger to move

Cacher to hide

Casser to break

Célébrer to celebrate

Cesser to cease/stop

Changer to change

Chercher to look for

Chuchoter to whisper

Commander to order

Commencer to start

Comparer to compare

Compléter to complete *

Continuer To continue

Corriger To correct

Couper To cut

Crier To shout

Danser To dance

Décider To decide

Déjeuner To have lunch

Dépêcher To hurry

Dépenser To spend money

Dessiner To draw

Détester To hate

Deviner To guess

Dîner To have evening

meal

Discuter To discuss

Donner To give

Écouter To listen

Embrasser To kiss

Enseigner To teach

Étudier To study

Éviter To avoid 52

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Fermer To close

Fumer To smoke

Gagner To win/earn

Garder To keep

Jouer To play

Manger To eat

Nager To swim

Noter To note down

Parler To talk

Partager To share

Passer To spend time

Penser To think

Porter To wear/carry

Promener To walk

Quitter To leave

Regarder To watch

Rentrer To return home

Rester To stay

Rêver To dream

Skier To ski

Tricher To cheat

French regular –ER verbs (2)

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French regular –RE verbs & -IR verbs

-IR

choisir To choose

découvrir To discover

finir To finish

réfléchir To reflect

-RE

Apprendre To learn

Attendre To wait for

Répondre To reply

Vendre To sell

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REFLEXIVE VERBS – FORMATION

Reflexive verbs are verbs which either:

1. reflect the action back onto the subject

(e.g. I wash myself: Je me lave), or

2. have the sense of "each other"

(e.g. They love each other: Ils s'aiment)

Reflexive Verbs in the Present Tense Reflexive verbs only differ from ordinary verbs in that they have an additional Reflexive

Pronoun. These are as follows, given here with the verb se laver, to wash:

je me lave nous nous lavons

tu te laves vous vous lavez

il se lave ils se lavent

elle se lave elles se lavent

on se lave

Reflexive Verbs in the Infinitive Another important difference is that when these verbs are used in the infinitive, although

the verb itself is infinitive, the reflexive pronoun must still agree with its subject. e.g.

Je dois me raser avant de sortir.

Nous voulons nous réveiller à 6h30 demain.

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The Perfect Tense – An Explanation Formation The Perfect Tense in French is formed of two parts:

i) an AUXILIARY VERB ii) a PAST PARTICIPLE

The auxiliary verb is always the present tense of either AVOIR or ETRE. The past participle

is formed from the verb being used in the sentence, as explained below.

AVOIR verbs Auxiliary verb is the present tense of avoir:

j'ai

tu as

il a

nous avons

vous avez

ils ont

Regular Verbs form their past participle in the following ways:

ER Verbs RE Verbs IR Verbs

jouer = joué vendre = vendu finir = fini

Thus, when we put it all together, we end up with sentences like:

J'ai joué au tennis. (I played tennis / have played tennis)

Mon frère a vendu son vélo. (My brother sold his bike / has sold his bike)

Elles ont fini les devoirs. (They finished / have finished the homework)

Nous avons regardé un très bon film à la télé.

Tu as attendu un autobus ou un train?

Vous avez choisi, Madame?

Use of the Perfect Tense: The perfect tense is used to talk about things that you did in the past on one occasion which

are completed, and no longer happening now.

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IRREGULAR VERBS: A number of verbs do not form their past participle following the rules above. These need to

be learned separately, and the main ones as as follows:

avoir = eu être = été faire = fait

boire = bu conduire = conduit connaître = connu

courir = couru croire = cru devoir = dû

dire = dit dormir = dormi écrire = écrit

falloir = fallu lire = lu mettre = mis

ouvrir = ouvert pleuvoir = plu prendre = pris

comprendre = compris

apprendre = appris

pouvoir = pu recevoir = reçu rire = ri

savoir = su tenir = tenu vivre = vécu

voir = vu vouloir = voulu suivre = suivi

e.g. J'ai ouvert mes cadeaux après le petit déjeuner.

Nous avons fait de la natation au centre sportif.

Pierre et Paul ont lu un bon livre.

ETRE VERBS A number of verbs take ETRE as their auxiliary verb instead of AVOIR.

The Auxiliary verb is therefore the present tense of ETRE:

je suis

tu es

il est

nous sommes

vous êtes

ils sont

The main verbs involved here are as follows. They often come in opposites, and there are a

few irregulars to look out for:

aller = allé venir = venu

entrer = entré sortir = sorti

arriver = arrivé partir = parti

descendre = descendu monter = monté

naître = né mourir = mort

rester = resté retourner = retourné

tomber = tombé rentrer = rentré

revenir = revenu 57

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There is one further point to bear in mind here. Verbs taking être as an auxiliary verb need

to agree with their subject. If the subject of the sentence is feminine, we add an "e", and if

the subject is plural we add an "s". The verb aller can therefore have the following forms:

(m = masculine, f = feminine)

je suis allé (m)

je suis allée (f)

Tu es allé (m)

Tu es allée (f)

Il est allé

Elle est allée

Nous sommes allés (m or mixed)

Nous sommes allées (f)

Vous êtes allé (m singular)

Vous êtes allée (f singular)

Vous êtes allés (m or mixed plural)

Vous êtes allées (f plural)

Ils sont allés

Elles sont allées

Or, summarised more simply, as follows, whereby we can add agreements as necessary:

je suis allé (e)

Tu es allé (e)

Il est allé

Elle est allée

Nous sommes allé (e) (s)

Vous êtes allé (e)(s)

Ils sont allés

Elles sont allées

e.g. Je suis allé au cinéma hier soir.

Nous sommes partis à 8h30.

Vous êtes restés à la maison hier soir?

Elle est venue chez nous le weekend dernier.

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Reflexive Verbs in the Perfect Tense ALL reflexive verbs take ETRE as their auxiliary verb, and consequently their past participle

also needs to agree. The reflexive pronoun goes before the auxiliary verb. The verb "se

coucher" looks like this in all its forms with possible agreements where needed:

je me suis couché (e)

Tu t'es couché (e)

Il s'est couché

Elle s'est couchée

Nous nous sommes couché (e) (s)

Vous vous êtes couché (e)(s)

Ils se sont couchés

Elles se sont couchées

A few examples:

Lundi matin je me suis levé à six heures.

Ma mère s'est dépêchée pour ne pas être en retard.

Marie et Claire se sont coiffées avant de sortir.

BUT: If the reflexive verb has a direct object, as in the examples below, the reflexive

pronoun is the indirect object and therefore the past participle does not need to agree: e.g.

Marie s'est blessé la jambe. (la jambe is direct object)

Mes frères se sont lavé les mains. (les

mains is the direct object)

Other Tenses In other tenses reflexive verbs follow the same patterns as above

i.e. As normal verbs in simple tenses, but with a reflexive pronoun.

As être verbs in compound tenses, with a reflexive pronoun and

agreement of the past participle.

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THE FUTURE TENSE - FORMATION

The future tense in French is formed in French in the following way:

Take the stem of the verb, as follows:

-ER Verbs: the infinitive, i.e. jouer = jouer

-IR Verbs: the infinitive, i.e. finir = finir

-RE verbs: the infinitive minus the "e", i.e. attendre = attendr

Now add the endings below:

je ....................... ai

tu ....................... as

il ....................... a

nous ................. ons

vous ................. ez

ils ...................... ont

EXCEPTIONS:

There are a number of verbs which have irregular stems. The most common are given below:

acheter achèter

avoir aur

être ser

aller ir

faire fer

courir courr

devoir devr

envoyer enverr

se lever se lèver

pouvoir pourr

recevoir recevr

savoir saur

venir viendr

voir verr

vouloir voudr

Easy way to remember these endings:

They are the verb "avoir" in the present tense, minus the

"av" in the nous and vous forms. i.e.

j'ai

tu as

il a

nous (av)ons

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THE CONDITIONAL TENSE – FORMATION

The Conditional Tense in French is used in a largely similar way to that in which it is used in

English. It expresses a condition, i.e. "would" in English. The conditional clause will often be

dependent upon a "si clause" (which will be in the imperfect (See note below))

e.g. S'il faisait beau, j'irais à la plage avec ma famille. If the weather were good, I would go to the beach with my family.

Si elle avait plus d'argent, elle sortirait plus souvent avec ses amis. If she had more money, she would go out with her friends more often.

Mes parents viendraient avec nous, s'ils n'étaient pas obligés de travailler. My parents would come with us, if they didn't have to work.

It can also express a future-in-the-past:

e.g. Elle a dit qu'elle partirait vers neuf heures. She said she would leave around nine o'clock.

Formation of the Conditional Tense: This is easy in French. The Conditional Tense is formed by taking the FUTURE STEM of the

verb, and adding the IMPERFECT ENDINGS.

e.g. VENIR = VIENDR + je ____ ais je viendrais tu ____ ais tu viendrais il ____ ait il viendrait nous ____ ions nous viendrions vous ____ iez vous viendriez ils ____ aient ils viendraient

Tenses in Conditional Sentences: As noted above, the IMPERFECT and CONDITIONAL are used together in "si clauses" in the

same way as they are used in English. e.g. If I won the lottery, I would buy a larger house. Si je gagnais à la loterie, j'achèterais une plus grande maison. If my friend was not on holiday, we would go to the cinema together.

Si mon ami n'était pas en vacances, nous irions ensemble au cinéma.

This tense rule should be NOTED WELL as English learner of French tend to want to use the

conditional in both parts of the sentence, even though this is not the case in English!

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The Imperfect Tense: Grammar Explanation The Imperfect tense is an easy tense to learn.

To form the Imperfect we take the NOUS form of the PRESENT TENSE, and take off the

–ONS to get the Imperfect stem.

To this stem we add the endings as follows:

je ....................... ais

tu ....................... ais

il ....................... ait

nous ....................... ions

vous ....................... iez

ils ....................... aient

EXCEPTION: There are very few exceptions to this rule. The main one in ETRE, whose stem

is ét. In addition, verbs like manger and ranger, which have an extra "e" in the nous form of

the present tense, retain this in the imperfect to make the "g" sound soft (Mon frère

mangeait). Similarly verbs like commencer, which have a "ç" in the nous form, retain this to

make the "c" sound soft (Je commençais).

All very easy – as long as you have a good working knowledge of the present tense!!

USES OF THE IMPERFECT TENSE The Imperfect tense is used in the following cases:

Description in the past: La maison était énorme et avait trois fenêtres.

Describing the weather at a time in the past: Il faisait très beau.

Giving an opinion in the past, c'était + adjective: C'était magnifique.

Talking about something that used to happen regularly in the past:

Nous allions en France chaque année. On faisait du ski dans les Alpes.

Talking about how things used to be over a period of time in the past: Mon

père avait une voiture rouge et ma mère travaillait à l'hôpital.

Making excuses: Ce n'était pas de ma faute. Je voulais aider!

Saying what was happening, when something else happened; (one action (in the perfect tense)

cuts across another on-going one (in the imperfect) Je lisais le journal quand mon père est

entré dans le salon. Ma mère travaillait dans le jardin, quand le téléphone a sonné. 66

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DIRECT OBJECT PRONOUNS

Direct object pronouns are the words that replace the direct object, so that we don't say

things like "Marie was at the bank today. When I saw Marie I smiled." It's much more

natural to say "Marie was at the bank today. When I saw her I smiled." The French direct

object pronouns are:

me / m' me

te / t' you

le / l' him, it

la / l' her, it

nous us

vous you

les them

Me and te change to m' and t', respectively, in front of a vowel or mute H. Le and la both

change to l'.

Like indirect object pronouns, French direct object pronouns are placed in front of the

verb

I'm eating it.

Je le mange.

He sees her.

Il la voit.

I love you.

Je t'aime.

You love me.

Tu m'aimes.

Notes

1. When a direct object precedes a verb conjugated into a compound tense such as the

passé composé, the past participle has to agree with the direct object.

2. If you're having trouble deciding between direct and indirect objects, the general rule is

that if the person or thing is preceded by a preposition, that person is an indirect object. If

it's not preceded by a preposition, it is a direct object. 67

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Subject pronouns

Je I

tu you (singular familiar)

il he

elle she

on we informal

nous we

vous you (plural / polite)

ils they (masculine)

elles they (feminine)

Jetu

il elle

nous

vous

ils / elles

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Websites

www.tmac.uk.com (VLE) Turton school website/VLE

http://french.typeit.org

This is an excellent site – you

can type any text with French

accents in here and then

copy/paste to word. Very easy

to use!!!!

http://www.frenchrevision.co.uk/ks

3

This site is excellent for revision

– it has listening material too!

http://zut.languageskills.co.uk This site is free after 4pm

http://verbix.com This is an online verb conjugator

http://www.languagesonline.org.uk

This site is called Languages

Online – it has lots of language

learning activities for Spanish,

French, German & Italian.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/languages/fr

ench/

The BBC website has a lot of

different resources–including

some slang and holiday phrases

to learn.

http://www.digitaldialects.com/Fre

nch.htm

Click on French (there are lots

of other languages too) and

follow the links to different

activities.

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