need to review policy on public sector

8/14/2019 Need to Review Policy on Public Sector

1/16

Need to review policy on public sector

Posted: 2002-02-11 00:00:00+05:30 IST

Updated: Feb 11, 2002 at 0000 hrs IST

Font Size

Print

Feedback

Email

Discuss

: The government did well to open up the infrastructure to private enterprises,

which, however, have not been able to contribute much. In fact, low foreign direct

investment in India is attributed to inadequate infrastructure. In this vital area, the

public sector has remained the sheet anchor. There is, therefore, a strong need for

encouraging and strengthening public enterprises, particularly those in the

infrastructure sector. In the light of the recent slowdown, it is certainly not the most

propitious time to dispose of highly valuable assets. I would suggest that the

situation does call for review of the policy on public sector.

With regard to divestment, it is not clear which PSUs would be put on the block next

and what modes would be applied. Since the process will go on for long, it will be

very productive if the government were to evolve a road-map defining priorities and

the rationale of diverse modes for different categories of enterprises. This will help


2/16

remove the climate of uncertainty and strengthen the hands of the management of

PSEs.

While the government is expecting around Rs 15,000 crore a year through

divestment, over Rs 1,00,000 crore is locked up in non-performing assets (NPAs).

These have not only affected the working of public FIs and banks, but have eroded

the liquidity available to the performing corporates in the public and private sectors.

Yet, those responsible for the NPAs are the most vocal advocates of disinvestment.

The situation needs to be corrected.

It is rightly demanded of the public sector that it must perform in the competitive

environment. It should cease to have the support, if at all, of administered prices. To

be able to operate successfully, it is essential that there is a level playing field. The

three areas in which a level playing field can be created are: corporate governance

in letter and spirit; phased withdrawal of administered prices and subsidies; and,

liberalisation of the fixation of compensation to PSE managers .

The key to better performance in PSEs is freedom to perform. Board managed PSEs

will not only be able to actualise their latent capacity to be globally competitive,

these could be a source of tremendous financial strength to the exchequer. There is

a drain of intellectual capital from the public sector, via VRS or otherwise, because

of much more attractive remuneration offered by domestic and multinational

corporates. There is need for adequate levels of remuneration for...

Information Technology Policy

Information Technology (IT) would have a prominent and progressive role in the new

millennium as the single most important enabler for improving efficiency and

effectiveness in organisations. The State Government recognises the role of IT as an

effective tool in catalysing economic activity, in efficient governance and in

developing human resource. This policy seeks a deep impact initiative by the State

Government in encouraging replacement of traditional delivery system of publicservices by IT driven system of governance that works better, costs less and is

capable of serving the citizens needs with ease.

IT Policy

Web Policy


3/16

RoW Policy & Agreement

Education Policy

Industrial Policy

Labour Policy 2006

SEZ Policy

Tourism Policy

.....................................................................................................................................

............................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

...........................................................

Related Links

http://india.gov.in

Preamble

Next

IT Vision

A high degree of public satisfaction through transparent and efficient functioning ofpublic domain activities would be at the focus of IT initiative. Application of sunrise

technologies in transition to a knowledge based society, providing equal opportunity

to all in reaping the benefits of development, harnessing vast potential of human

endeavour and enriching quality of life shall provide the long term underpinning of

socio-economic transformation of the State. This policy further seeks to facilitate

private domain initiative in e-transition of Haryana by providing critical

infrastructure, systems framework and enabling environment

Objectives

The IT Vision is sought to be realised by achieving the following objectives:

Upgrading the standard and quality of administration, particularly in social and

public services sector through a process of modernisation and rationalisation of the

administrative set up.

Providing public centred, efficient and cost-effective Government


4/16

Extensive percolation of IT literacy and education in the State

Promoting investments in IT industry

Encouraging private sector initiative in IT related infrastructure and services

Increasing the share of IT in State Gross Domestic Product

Generating IT related employment opportunities

Enhancing earning capacity of the residents thereby ensuring a better quality of life

IT Policy and Public Domain

Re-engineering of administrative processes

The State shall undertake intensive re-engineering and administrative reforms,

redefining its role, and recasting the structure and functioning of its administrative

Departments to facilitate adaptation to IT. This exercise shall be carried by removal

of redundancies, resource optimisation and rationalisation of rules and procedures

to bring about transparency in working and enhancing efficiency and productivity.

IT application in transaction automation and creation of information databanks will

be mandatory for all Departments, Boards and Corporation to achieve

accountability and efficiency in administration. This process will be completed by

the year 2003.

As a part of administrative re-engineering, integration of projects across various

Departments to provide a single point of contact to citizens for electronic delivery of

services would be put in place.

IT Budget

Each Department, Board and Corporation shall earmark 5% of its budget for ITapplications. This budget shall be spent for complete transition to e-Governance by

the year 2005. Individual organisation specific IT plans will be finalised by

31.3.2001. The allocated budget shall be spent on procurement of hardware,

systems software, establishing IT centres, networking, web technology,

development of applications software, training and technical consultancy, etc. This

initiative will be supervised by Hartron and NIC.


5/16

IT Initiative Fund for e-Governance

An IT initiative fund for e-Governance shall be established with contributions from

profit making State PSUS, co-operative institutions and other public sector

organisations. The initiative fund shall be utilised for developing replicable and

reusable models of e-Governance, IT innovations in administration reengineering, ITsupported resource optimization, decision support systems, MIS, intranets and other

applicable enabling technologies.

The fund shall have an initial Corpus of Rs. 10 Crores and shall be administered by a

Governing Body headed by the Principal Secretary to the Chief Minister. An

Executive Committee of the Governing Body headed by Secretary, EIT shall be

constituted for appropriations from this fund.

State-wide Area Network

The State shall establish backbone network Haryana State Wide Area

Network (HARNET) for voice, data and video transmission and dissemination. The

network shall be utilised for inter department connectivity, multi-user and multi-

service facilities, video conferencing, file transfer facility, e-mail, on-line application

processing, query and response. HARNET shall enable better communication,

information sharing, allowing people to work together more effectively resulting in

cohesive administration. Phased implementation of HARNET will cover

strengthening the existing intranets at State Secretariat, Haryana Bhawan and 19

Districts Head Quarters with existing NIC/DOT infrastructure. The second phase shall

extend HARNET to all Government Departments, State Secretariat, Districts, Sub-

Divisions, Tehsils, Sub-Tehsils and Block Head Quarters. Hartron shall implement this

extended HARNET in association with private sector. Where DOT is not in a position

to provide suitable links, such connectivity shall be achieved through private

initiative.

The State Government Departments shall establish departmental intranets and local

area networks which will lay the foundation of Centralised Data Repository of public

domain information for "Anytime-Anywhere" usage.

Policy

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

For policies regarding Wikipedia, see Wikipedia:List of policies or Wikipedia:Policies

and guidelines.

For government action, see public policy.

For the C++ idiom called "policies", see policy-based design.


6/16

For the slang term, see numbers racket.

A policy is typically described as a deliberate plan of action to guide decisions and

achieve rational outcome(s). However, the term may also be used to denote what is

actually done, even though it is unplanned.

The term may apply to government, private sector organizations and groups, and

individuals. Presidential executive orders, corporate privacy policies, and

parliamentary rules of order are all examples of policy. Policy differs from rules or

law. While law can compel or prohibit behaviors (e.g. a law requiring the payment of

taxes on income) policy merely guides actions toward those that are most likely to

achieve a desired outcome.

Policy or policy study may also refer to the process of making important

organizational decisions, including the identification of different alternatives such as

programs or spending priorities, and choosing among them on the basis of the

impact they will have. Policies can be understood as political, management,

financial, and administrative mechanisms arranged to reach explicit goals.Contents

[hide]

1 Impact of policy

1.1 Intended Effects

1.2 Unintended Effects

2 Policy cycle

3 Policy content

4 Policy typology

4.1 Distributive policies

4.2 Regulatory policies

4.3 Constituent policies

4.4 Miscellaneous policies

5 Types of policy

6 Other uses of the term policy


7/16

7 See also

8 References

9 External links

9.1 Policy studies

9.2 Canada

9.3 US

9.4 Policy analysis and organizations

9.5 UK

9.6 Germany

9.7 Australia

9.8 Other

[edit]

Impact of policy

[edit]

Intended Effects

The goals of policy may vary widely according to the organization and the context in

which they are made. Broadly, policies are typically instituted in order to avoid

some negative effect that has been noticed in the organization, or to seek some

positive benefit.

Corporate purchasing policies provide an example of how organizations attempt to

avoid negative effects. Many large companies have policies that all purchases

above a certain value must be performed through a purchasing process. By

requiring this standard purchasing process through policy, the organization can limit

waste and standardize the way purchasing is done.


8/16


9/16

Policy Formulation

Adoption

Implementation

Evaluation

An eight step policy cycle is developed in detail in The Australian Policy Handbook

by Peter Bridgman and Glyn Davis: (now with Catherine Althaus in its 4th edition)

Issue identification

Policy analysis

Policy instrument development

Consultation (which permeates the entire process)

Coordination

Decision

Implementation

Evaluation

The Althaus, Bridgman & Davis model is heuristic and iterative. It is intentionally

normative and not meant to be diagnostic or predictive. Policy cycles are typically

characterised as adopting a classical approach. Accordingly some postmodern

academics challenge cyclical models as unresponsive and unrealistic, preferring

systemic and more complex models.

[edit]

Policy content

Policies are typically promulgated through official written documents. Policy

documents often come with the endorsement or signature of the executive powers

within an organization to legitimize the policy and demonstrate that it is considered

in force. Such documents often have standard formats that are particular to the


10/16


11/16

Policy addresses the intent of the organization, whether government, business,

professional, or voluntary. Policy is intended to affect the 'real' world, by guiding the

decisions that are made. Whether they are formally written or not, most

organizations have identified policies.-Citation Needed

Policies may be classified in many different ways. The following is a sample of

several different types of policies broken down by their effect on members of the

organization.

[edit]

Distributive policies

Distributive policies extend goods and services to members of an organization, as

well as distributing the costs of the goods/services amongst the members of the

organization. Examples include government policies that impact spending for

welfare, public education, highways, and public safety, or a professional

organization's policy on membership training.

[edit]

Regulatory policies

Regulatory policies, or mandates, limit the discretion of individuals and agencies, or

otherwise compel certain types of behavior. These policies are generally thought to

be best applied in situations where good behavior can be easily defined and bad

behavior can be easily regulated and punished through fines or sanctions. An

example of a fairly successful public regulatory policy is that of a speed limit.

[edit]

Constituent policies


12/16

Constituent policies create executive power entities, or deal with laws. Constituent

policies also deal with Fiscal Policy in some circumstances.-Citation Needed Noman

Dhakkn

[edit]

Miscellaneous policies

Policies are dynamic; they are not just static lists of goals or laws. Policy blueprints

have to be implemented, often with unexpected results. Social policies are what

happens 'on the ground' when they are implemented, as well as what happens at

the decision making or legislative stage.

When the term policy is used, it may also refer to:

Official government policy (legislation or guidelines that govern how laws should be

put into operation)

Broad ideas and goals in political manifestos and pamphlets

A company or organization's policy on a particular topic. For example, the equal

opportunity policy of a company shows that the company aims to treat all its staff

equally.

There is often a gulf between stated policy (i.e. which actions the organization

intends to take) and the actions the organization actually takes. This difference is

sometimes caused by political compromise over policy, while in other situations it is

caused by lack of policy implementation and enforcement. Implementing policy may

have unexpected results, stemming from a policy whose reach extends further than

the problem it was originally crafted to address. Additionally, unpredictable results

may arise from selective or idiosyncratic enforcement of policy.-Citation Needed

Types of policy include:

Causal (resp. non-causal)

Deterministic (resp. stochastic, randomized and sometimes non-deterministic)

Index


13/16

Memoryless (e.g. non-stationary)

Opportunistic (resp. non-opportunistic)

Stationary (resp. non-stationary)

These qualifiers can be combined, so for example you could have a stationary-

memoryless-index policy.

[edit]

Types of policy

Communications and Information Policy

Defence policy

Domestic policy

Economic policy

Education policy

Energy policy

Environmental Policy

Foreign policy

Health policy

Housing policy

Human resource policies

Information policy

Macroeconomic policy

Monetary policy

National defense policy

Population policy

Public policy in law

Social policy


14/16

Transportation policy

Urban policy

Water policy

[edit]

Other uses of the term policy

In enterprise architecture for systems design, policy appliances are technical control

and logging mechanisms to enforce or reconcile policy (systems use) rules and to

ensure accountability in information systems.

In insurance, policies are contracts between insurer and insured used to indemnify

(protect) against potential loss from specified perils. While these documents are

referred to as policies, they are in actuality a form of contract - see insurance

contract.

In gambling, policy is a form of an unsanctioned lottery, where players purport to

purchase insurance against a chosen number being picked by a legitimate lottery.

Or can refer to an ordinary Numbers game

In artificial intelligence planning and reinforcement learning, a policy prescribes a

non-empty deliberation (sequence of actions) given a non-empty sequence of

states.

In debate, the term "policy" is slang for policy or cross-examination debate.

[edit]

See also

HUD USER

Policy analysis

Policy memo

Policy studies

Political science

Program evaluation

Public administration


15/16

Public health

Public policy (law)

Public policy schools

Public services

Regulatory Barriers Clearinghouse

Social contract

Social welfare

Social work

Think tank

[edit]

References

Blakemore, Ken (1998). Social Policy: an Introduction.

Althaus, Catherine; Bridgman, Peter & Davis, Glyn (2007). The Australian Policy

Handbook (4th ed.). Sydney: Allen & Unwin.

Mller, Pierre; Surel, Yves (1998) (in French). L'analyse des politiques publiques.

Paris: Montchrestien.

Paquette, Laure (2002). Analyzing National and International Policy. Rowman

Littlefield.

Jenkins, William (1978). Policy Analysis: A Political and Organizational Perspective.

London: Martin Robertson.

Lowi, Theodore J. (1964). "American Business, Public Policy, Case-Studies, and

Political Theory". World Politics 16: 687713. doi:10.2307/2009452.

Lowi, Theodore J. (1968). "Four Systems of Policy, Politics, and Choice". Public

Administration Review 33: 298310. doi:10.2307/974810.

Lowi, Theodore J. (1985). "The State in Politics". in Noll, Roger G. (ed.). Regulatory

Policy and the social Sciences. Berkeley: University of California Press. pp. 67110.

Spitzer, Robert J. (June 1987). "Promoting Policy Theory: Revising the Arenas of

Power". Policy Studies Journal 15 (4): 675689. doi:10.1111/j.1541-

0072.1987.tb00753.x.


16/16

Kellow, Aynsley (Summer 1988). "Promoting Elegance in Policy Theory: Simplifying

Lowi's Arenas of Power". Policy Studies Journal 16: 713724. doi:10.1111/j.1541-

0072.1988.tb00680.x.

Heckathorn, Douglas D.; Maser, Steven M. (1990). "The Contractual Architecture of

Public Policy: A Critical Reconstruction of Lowi's Typology". The Journal of Politics 52(4): 11011123. doi:10.2307/2131684.

Smith, K. B. (2002). "Typologies, Taxonomies, and the Benefits of Policy

Classification". Policy Studies Journal 30: 379395. doi:10.1111/j.1541-

0072.2002.tb02153.x.

Greenberg, George D. et al. (December 1977). "Developing Public Policy Theory:

Perspectives from Empirical Research". American Political Science Review 71: 1532

1543. doi:10.2307/1961494.

Dye, Thomas R. (1976). Policy Analysis. University of Alabama Press.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Policy

need to review policy on public sector

Documents