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Negative strand RNA synthesis

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Negative strand RNA synthesis. - Sense RNA genomes. Unimolar Segmented. What does segmented mean?. Genome in segments often representing different genes. Segmented genomes confer evolutionary advantages. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Negative strand RNA synthesis

Negative strand RNA synthesis

Page 2: Negative strand RNA synthesis

- Sense RNA genomes

• Unimolar• Segmented

Page 3: Negative strand RNA synthesis

What does segmented mean?

• Genome in segments often representing different genes.

• Segmented genomes confer evolutionary advantages.

• Different strains of a virus with a segmented genome can shuffle and combine genes and produce progeny viruses or (offspring) that have unique characteristics.

• This is called reassortment

Page 4: Negative strand RNA synthesis
Page 5: Negative strand RNA synthesis

Vesicular Stomatitis Virus (VSV)

Page 6: Negative strand RNA synthesis

The VSV Genome

Page 7: Negative strand RNA synthesis

Uses of – sense template

Page 8: Negative strand RNA synthesis

• Capping and polyadenylation mechanism of viral RNA different to host mRNA and is carried out by host encoded enzymes.

Page 9: Negative strand RNA synthesis

Switch from translation to replication

Page 10: Negative strand RNA synthesis
Page 11: Negative strand RNA synthesis
Page 12: Negative strand RNA synthesis

Influenza Virus Segmented – sense RNA

Page 13: Negative strand RNA synthesis

The genome

Page 14: Negative strand RNA synthesis

Marking strands for packaging

Page 15: Negative strand RNA synthesis

N Protein

Page 16: Negative strand RNA synthesis

• Nucleocapsids are transported into the nucleus. • mRNA synthesis and replication of viral RNA occurs in the

nucleus. • This is very unusual for an RNA virus. Influenza virus has an

unusual mechanism for acquiring a methylated, capped 5'end to its mRNAs.

• A viral endonuclease (which is packaged in the influenza virus) snips off the 5'end of a host capped, methylated mRNA about 13-15 bases from the 5' end and uses this as a primer for viral mRNA synthesis.

• Hence all flu mRNAs have a short stretch at the 5' end which is derived from host mRNA.

Page 17: Negative strand RNA synthesis

Capping from host mRNA (cap snatching)

Page 18: Negative strand RNA synthesis
Page 19: Negative strand RNA synthesis

RNA synthesis from dsRNAgenomes

Page 20: Negative strand RNA synthesis

dsRNA viruses• Contain dsRNA segmented genomes• Viral polymerase

Adapted from D. R. Harper. Molecular Virology, Second Edition. BIOS Scientific Publishers, 1999.

Figure 3.10: List of dsRNA viruses and their replication strategy.

Page 21: Negative strand RNA synthesis
Page 22: Negative strand RNA synthesis
Page 23: Negative strand RNA synthesis

The genome

Page 24: Negative strand RNA synthesis
Page 25: Negative strand RNA synthesis
Page 26: Negative strand RNA synthesis

Negative Strand Viruses

• Contain enzymes for transcription in virion• Make mRNA prior to antigenome

– Message gets capped; genome does not• Plus strand is template for minus strand

genome• Makes more minus than plus strand


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