Nelson Mandela “ Madiba ”

NISHANT ROHATGI

8 A

Roll No. 24

Childhood

• Born 18 July 1918 in a small village Mvenzo , Emtata in Transkei• 18 of July in Sout Africa is a public holiday in his honour• Birth name Rolihlahla “the troublemaker” Mandela• His Teacher gave him the English name "Nelson"• Mandela was influenced by his father to become a Lawyer• His father died of tuberculosis when he was only 9

Apartheid

Apartheid was a system of government is South Africa between 1948 and 1994.Literally it meant “apartness” and “segregation.” An official policy of racial segregation formerly practiced in the Republic of South Africa, involving political, legal, and economic discrimination against nonwhites.

Apartheid

The were 4 groups classified by the government this groups wereBlacks 71%Whites 16%Coloureds and Indians 10%Asians 3%

Nelson Mandela's Role in Apartheid

Anti-apartheid activitiesIn 1961, Mandela became leader of the ANC's(African National Congress)which he co-founded. After Mandela saw that non violent protesting had not and would not achieve any progress, at a desperate time like this he called for desperate measures.He coordinated and organised sabotage campaigns (such as bombing places of apartheid like courts, post offices and government offices against military and government targets, in an attempt to end apartheid. Mandela also raised funds from abroad to training the group.

His rebellious ways ,disobeying curfews, organising boycotts soon lead to his arrest.

Arrest On 5 August 1962 Mandela was arrested after living on the

run for seventeen months The U.S. Agency (THE CIA) tipped off the security police as

to Mandela's whereabouts and disguise.

Imprisonment

•Nelson Mandela was imprisoned on Robben Island where he remained for the next eighteen of his twenty-seven years in prison.• While in jail, his reputation grew and he became widely known as the most significant black leader in South Africa. •Prisoners were segregated by race.

Political prisoners were kept separate from ordinary criminals and received fewer privileges.

•He was allowed one visitor and one letter every 6months.

Release

On 2 February 1990, President F.W. de Klerk reversed the ban on the ANC and other anti-apartheid organisations, and announced that Mandela would shortly be released from prison.

Mandela was released from Victor Verster Prison in Paarl on 11 February 1990. The event was broadcast live all over the world.

Presidency

Mandela encouraged black South Africans to get behind the previously hated Springboks (the South African national rugby team) as South Africa hosted the 1995 Rugby World Cup. After the Springboks won an epic final over New Zealand, Mandela presented the trophy to captain Francois Pienaar, An Afrikaner, wearing a Springbok shirt with Pienaar ‘ s own number 6 on the back. This was widely seen as a major step in the reconciliation of white and black South Africans.

Marriage and Family

•Mandela's first marriage was to Evelyn Ntoko Mase

•Mandela's second wife, Winnie Madikizela-Mandela

•Mandela was remarried, on his 80th birthday in 1998, to Graca Machel

RetirementAfter his retirement as President, Mandela went on to become an advocate for a variety of social and human rights organisations.

IT’S A BIG SALUTE TO NELSON MANDELA FOR WHAT HE HAS DONE FOR THE HUMAN RACE

THANK YOU