NEOLITHIC REVOLUTION

WARM-UP

• Who are the men in the first square? • What difficulties are they facing?

• How does the “Neolithic Way” solve their problems?

NEOLITHIC REVOLUTION

• The shift from hunting and gathering to farming

• Began about 8000, B.C. • How did farming develop?

• Domestication of Animals • Why is domestication of animals useful?

• Food Source • Materials for clothing, weapons, and tools

EARLY COMPLEX SOCIETIES

• With your partner, read “The Early Complex Societies, 3500 to 500 B.C.E.” article.

• Together fill out the top part of the “Development of Civilizations Flow Chart”

• Be prepared to share something you find in the reading that is a Characteristics of Civilization.

• We will all develop the final list of 5 together.

DEVELOPMENT OF CIVILIZATION

• Transition: How might they have figured it out? • Gatherers experimented with planting seeds to control the

food supply • Influence of Geography

• Settled near water to irrigate their crops (Rivers!!) • Early Challenges

• Rules and laws become necessary • The community must decide on what is right and wrong • The community must also decide how to deal with those who

violate laws/rules • Job Specialization

• Labor must be divided so that resources are adequately used

ROLE OF WOMEN

• When mankind is a Hunter-Gatherer: • Women and children hunt and gather as well to provide

food for the family. • The more people hunting the more food.

• When mankind is a Farmer: • Women’s role shifts to the home • Working in the house and with the children while husband is

in the fields

CHARACTERISTICS OF CIVILIZATION

• What characteristics of civilization did you find? • What things that you would find in different

civilizations?

CHARACTERISTICS OF CIVILIZATION

1. Cultural Development • Arts • Music • Common understanding of beauty

CHARACTERISTICS OF CIVILIZATION

2. Rise of Cities • Building permanent structures and buildings

CHARACTERISTICS OF CIVILIZATION

3. Writing and Record Keeping • Used initially to keep political and business records • Also used for communication, to record traditions

or literature and for learning

CHARACTERISTICS OF CIVILIZATION

4. Specialization of Labor • Because people were farming, not everyone had

to be responsible for gathering food for survival • Jobs were divided among people to make work

more efficient • People could specialize in a specific job (farmers,

artisans, government officials, military experts, etc..)

CHARACTERISTICS OF CIVILIZATION

5. Institutions • Government, religion, economic, and education • With increased populations, it required more

organization • Government was necessary to determine a

leader and establish law

CHARACTERISTICS OF CIVILIZATION

6. Social Structure • Farming provided for more wealth so some

individuals were able to have more personal wealth than others

• When wealth is passed down in family, this creates social classes